Regulation Of Stress Resistance Research Articles

Individualization of boxer training based on the regulation of stress resistance indicators

Relevance. In the process of performing at competitions, the impact of psychological factors on a boxer reaches its maximum. As a result, the stability and stability of the motor skill is lost, the variability of techniques increases, and their effectiveness decreases. Therefore, when preparing a boxer and increasing the effectiveness of his technical and tactical actions, it is very important to develop mental qualities, one of which is stress resistance. The purpose of the study: to scientifically substantiate the means and methods of regulating the stress resistance indicators of boxers of the highest sports categories. Research hypothesis: it was assumed that the developed methodology for regulating the stress resistance indicators of boxers of the highest sports categories would allow athletes to cope more effectively with competitive tasks. Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of literary sources, questionnaires, psychodiagnostic testing, hardware testing, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, expert assessment, methods of mathematical and statistical processing. As part of the study, an assessment of the stress resistance of athletes, their mental characteristics was carried out and a technique was proposed that aims to regulate the stress resistance of boxers of the highest sports categories to competitive activity. Practical recommendations will be developed based on the results of the study. The results of the study. Studying the dynamics of these psychophysiological indicators and indicators of psychological stress will help to predict the pre-start conditions of the boxers. The knowledge gained will contribute to improving the effectiveness of the selected tools that regulate stress resistance indicators. At the subsequent stages of the study, a methodology for regulating stress resistance indicators will be developed, tested during the pedagogical experiment, the stages of which are presented in the study. Conclusions. The developed methodology for regulating the stress resistance indicators of boxers of the highest sports categories can be used by coaches for more effective boxer training, and will also allow more purposefully making the necessary adjustments to the athlete's preparation for competition.

Polymorphism of the Forkhead box-O3 (FOXO3) Longevity Gene rs2802292 and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in Indonesian Elderly Population

BACKGROUND: Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) is a transcription factor that regulates stress resistance, metabolism, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Several studies exhibited the association of the FOXO3 polymorphism rs2802292 with human longevity and protects individuals from degenerative diseases. The emergence of degenerative diseases in the elderly is associated with the accumulation of senescent cells that secrete a secretome known as a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) consists of several cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, proteases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to analysis polymorphism of FOXO3 gene rs2802292 G-allele and its impact to the SASP by measuring IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 in Indonesian elderly populations. METHODS: This study was conducted on 92 elderly subjects living at Jakarta. DNA was isolated from the whole blood then continued with PCR and sequencing for FOXO3 rs2802292 analysis. SASP was analyzed from the plasma using Luminex. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis. RESULTS: The results showed that FOXO3 rs2802292 was detected in Indonesian elderly population as follows GG, GT, TT genotype frequencies were 17.4 %, 42.4 % and 40.2 % respectively. Meanwhile, G and T allele frequencies based on the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test were 0.385 and 0.615 respectively. GG genotype was significantly found in subjects with longevity. Nevertheless, SASP analysis was found no significant differences both among GG, GT, TT genotypes. CONCLUSION: The frequency of FOXO3 rs2802292 G-allele in Indonesian elderly population was 0.385 and significantly detected in subjects with longevity. However, the FOXO3 rs2802292 polymorphism did not affect cytokines level as the component of SASP.

Metagenomic and metabolomic analysis of the effect of bleaching on unsaturated fatty acid synthesis pathways in coral symbionts

Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) are known to play a vital role in regulating stress resistance and metabolism in corals. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of the microbial and functional composition of the UFA synthesis pathway (UFASP) remains lacking. This study employed metagenome and metabolome to investigate the microbial community, function, and metabolic response of UFASP in reef-building corals inhabiting the Nansha Islands. Our findings revealed significantly higher diversity for the UFASP microbe in bleached corals compared to unbleached corals. Furthermore, principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and taxonomy assessments exhibited notable distinctions in the microbe between the two coral states. Notably, the dominant microorganisms involved in UFASP were Dinophyceae, Sordariomycetes, Ulvophyceae, and Chlorophyceae. Bleaching resulted in a considerable increase in fungal abundance within coral symbionts. A total of 12 KEGG Orthology (KO) were identified in UFASP, with PCoA analysis indicating significant differences in their abundance between bleached and unbleached corals. UFASP's beta-Oxidation module exhibited reduced abundance in bleached corals. Contribution analysis highlighted the participation of Symbiodiniaceae, Ascomycota, Chlorophyta, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria in UFASP. Notably, Symbiodiniaceae and Ascomycota were the major contributors to two UFASP modules, with the latter displaying greater involvement in bleached corals. Furthermore, significant differences in n3 and n6-family metabolites were observed between bleached and unbleached corals. Notably, bleaching induced a reduction in metabolites of Symbiodiniaceae, while an increase in the multiple UFAs abundance was detected in bleached corals. These findings suggest that bleaching-induced alterations coral symbionts composition directly impact the functionality of UFASP, ultimately affecting the corals' capacity to adapt to stress.

The Azotobacter vinelandii AlgU regulon during vegetative growth and encysting conditions: A proteomic approach.

In the Pseduomonadacea family, the extracytoplasmic function sigma factor AlgU is crucial to withstand adverse conditions. Azotobacter vinelandii, a closed relative of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has been a model for cellular differentiation in Gram-negative bacteria since it forms desiccation-resistant cysts. Previous work demonstrated the essential role of AlgU to withstand oxidative stress and on A. vinelandii differentiation, particularly for the positive control of alginate production. In this study, the AlgU regulon was dissected by a proteomic approach under vegetative growing conditions and upon encystment induction. Our results revealed several molecular targets that explained the requirement of this sigma factor during oxidative stress and extended its role in alginate production. Furthermore, we demonstrate that AlgU was necessary to produce alkyl resorcinols, a type of aromatic lipids that conform the cell membrane of the differentiated cell. AlgU was also found to positively regulate stress resistance proteins such as OsmC, LEA-1, or proteins involved in trehalose synthesis. A position-specific scoring-matrix (PSSM) was generated based on the consensus sequence recognized by AlgU in P. aeruginosa, which allowed the identification of direct AlgU targets in the A. vinelandii genome. This work further expands our knowledge about the function of the ECF sigma factor AlgU in A. vinelandii and contributes to explains its key regulatory role under adverse conditions.

Non-targeted metabolomics analysis reveals the mechanism of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis regulating the cold-resistance of Elymus nutans.

Elymus nutans is a perennial grass of the Gramineae family. Due to its cold-resistance and nutrition deficiency tolerance, it has been applied to the ecological restoration of degraded alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. As an important symbiotic microorganism, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been proven to have great potential in promoting the growth and stress resistance of Gramineae grasses. However, the response mechanism of the AMF needs to be clarified. Therefore, in this study, Rhizophagus irregularis was used to explore the mechanism regulating cold resistance of E. nutans. Based on pot experiments and metabolomics, the effects of R. irregularis were investigated on the activities of antioxidant enzyme and metabolites in the roots of E. nutans under cold stress (15/10°C, 16/8 h, day/night). The results showed that lipids and lipid molecules are the highest proportion of metabolites, accounting for 14.26% of the total metabolites. The inoculation with R. irregularis had no significant effects on the activities of antioxidant enzyme in the roots of E. nutans at room temperature. However, it can significantly change the levels of some lipids and other metabolites in the roots. Under cold stress, the antioxidant enzyme activities and the levels of some metabolites in the roots of E. nutans were significantly changed. Meanwhile, most of these metabolites were enriched in the pathways related to plant metabolism. According to the correlation analysis, the activities of antioxidant enzyme were closely related to the levels of some metabolites, such as flavonoids and lipids. In conclusion, AMF may regulate the cold-resistance of Gramineae grasses by affecting plant metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activities and antioxidant-related metabolites like flavonoids and lipids. These results can provide some basis for studying the molecular mechanism of AMF regulating stress resistance of Gramineae grasses.

Analysis of the Tomato mTERF Gene Family and Study of the Stress Resistance Function of SLmTERF-13.

Mitochondrial transcription termination factor (mTERF) is a DNA-binding protein that is encoded by nuclear genes, ultimately functions in mitochondria and can affect gene expression. By combining with mitochondrial nucleic acids, mTERF regulates the replication, transcription and translation of mitochondrial genes and plays an important role in the response of plants to abiotic stress. However, there are few studies on mTERF genes in tomato, which limits the in-depth study and utilization of mTERF family genes in tomato stress resistance regulation. In this study, a total of 28 mTERF gene family members were obtained through genome-wide mining and identification of the tomato mTERF gene family. Bioinformatics analysis showed that all members of the family contained environmental stress or hormone response elements. Gene expression pattern analysis showed that the selected genes had different responses to drought, high salt and low temperature stress. Most of the genes played key roles under drought and salt stress, and the response patterns were more similar. The VIGS method was used to silence the SLmTERF13 gene, which was significantly upregulated under drought and salt stress, and it was found that the resistance ability of silenced plants was decreased under both kinds of stress, indicating that the SLmTERF13 gene was involved in the regulation of the tomato abiotic stress response. These results provide important insights for further evolutionary studies and contribute to a better understanding of the role of the mTERF genes in tomato growth and development and abiotic stress response, which will ultimately play a role in future studies of tomato gene function.

Klotho enhances bone regenerative function of hPDLSCs via modulating immunoregulatory function and cell autophagy

BackgroundHuman periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) have a superior ability to promote the formation of new bones and achieve tissue regeneration. However, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are placed in harsh environments after transplantation, and the hostile microenvironment reduces their stemness and hinders their therapeutic effects. Klotho is an antiaging protein that participates in the regulation of stress resistance. In our previous study, we demonstrated the protective ability of Klotho in hPDLSCs.MethodsA cranial bone defect model of rats was constructed, and the hPDLSCs with or without Klotho pretreatment were transplanted into the defects. Histochemical staining and micro-computed tomography were used to detect cell survival, osteogenesis, and immunoregulatory effects of hPDLSCs after transplantation. The in vitro capacity of hPDLSCs was measured by a macrophage polarization test and the inflammatory level of macrophages. Furthermore, we explored autophagy activity in hPDLSCs, which may be affected by Klotho to regulate cell homeostasis.ResultsPretreatment with the recombinant human Klotho protein improved cell survival after hPDLSC transplantation and enhanced their ability to promote bone regeneration. Furthermore, Klotho pretreatment can promote stem cell immunomodulatory effects in macrophages and modulate cell autophagy activity, in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionThese findings suggest that the Klotho protein protects hPDLSCs from stress after transplantation to maintain stem cell function via enhancing the immunomodulatory ability of hPDLSCs and inhibiting cell autophagy.

Functions of WRKYs in plant growth and development.

As sessile organisms, plants must overcome various stresses. Accordingly, they have evolved several plant-specific growth and developmental processes. These plant processes may be related to the evolution of plant-specific protein families. The WRKY transcription factors originated in eukaryotes and expanded in plants, but are not present in animals. Over the past two decades, there have been many studies on WRKYs in plants, with much of the research concentrated on their roles in stress responses. Nevertheless, recent findings have revealed that WRKYs are also required for seed dormancy and germination, postembryonic morphogenesis, flowering, gametophyte development, and seed production. Thus, WRKYs may be important for plant adaptations to a sessile lifestyle because they simultaneously regulate stress resistance and plant-specific growth and development.

Disruption of GRR1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae rescues tps1Δ growth on fermentable carbon sources.

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (Tps1) catalyzes the formation of trehalose-6-phophate in trehalose synthesis. Deletion of the TPS1 gene is associated with phenotypes including inability to grow on fermentable carbon sources, survive at elevated temperatures, or sporulate. To further understand these pleiotropic phenotypes, we conducted a genetic suppressor screen and identified a novel suppressor, grr1 Δ, able to restore tps1 Δ growth on rapidly fermentable sugars. However, disruption of GRR1 did not rescue tps1 Δ thermosensitivity. These results support the model that trehalose metabolism has important roles in regulating glucose sensing and signaling in addition to regulating stress resistance.

Genome-wide identification and functional analysis of Dof transcription factor family in Camelina sativa

BackgroundDof transcription factors (TFs) containing C2-C2 zinc finger domains are plant-specific regulatory proteins, playing crucial roles in a variety of biological processes. However, little is known about Dof in Camelina sativa, an important oil crop worldwide, with high stress tolerance. In this study, a genome-wide characterization of Dof proteins is performed to examine their basic structural characteristics, phylogenetics, expression patterns, and functions to identify the regulatory mechanism underlying lipid/oil accumulation and the candidate Dofs mediating stress resistance regulation in C. sativa.ResultsTotal of 103 CsDof genes unevenly distributed on 20 chromosomes were identified from the C. sativa genome, and they were classified into four groups (A, B, C and D) based on the classification of Arabidopsis Dof gene family. All of the CsDof proteins contained the highly-conserved typic CX2C-X21-CX2C structure. Segmental duplication and purifying selection were detected for CsDof genes. 61 CsDof genes were expressed in multiple tissues, and 20 of them showed tissue-specific expression patterns, suggesting that CsDof genes functioned differentially in different tissues of C. sativa. Remarkably, a set of CsDof members were detected to be possible involved in regulation of oil/lipid biosynthesis in C. sativa. Six CsDof genes exhibited significant expression changes in seedlings under salt stress treatment.ConclusionsThe present data reveals that segmental duplication is the key force responsible for the expansion of CsDof gene family, and a strong purifying pressure plays a crucial role in CsDofs’ evolution. Several CsDof TFs may mediate lipid metabolism and stress responses in C. sativa. Several CsDof TFs may mediate lipid metabolism and stress responses in C. sativa. Collectively, our findings provide a foundation for deep understanding the roles of CsDofs and genetic improvements of oil yield and salt stress tolerance in this species and the related crops.

A critical role of calcineurin in stress responses, hyphal formation, and virulence of the pathogenic fungus Trichosporon asahii

Trichosporon asahii is a conditional pathogenic fungus that causes severe and sometimes fatal infections in immunocompromised patients. While calcineurin, an essential component of a calcium-dependent signaling pathway, is known to regulate stress resistance and virulence of some pathogenic fungi, its role in T. asahii has not been investigated. Here, we demonstrated that calcineurin gene-deficient T. asahii mutants are sensitive to high temperature as well as cell-membrane and cell-wall stress, and exhibit decreased hyphal formation and virulence against silkworms. Growth of T. asahii mutants deficient in genes encoding subunits of calcineurin, cna1 and cnb1, was delayed at 40 °C. The cna1 and cnb1 gene-deficient mutants also showed sensitivity to sodium dodecyl sulfate, Congo red, dithiothreitol, and tunicamycin. On the other hand, these mutants exhibited no sensitivity to caffeine, sorbitol, monensin, CaCl2, LiCl, NaCl, amphotericin B, fluconazole, or voriconazole. The ratio of hyphal formation in the cna1 and cnb1 gene-deficient mutants was decreased. Moreover, the virulence of the cna1 and cnb1 gene-deficient mutants against silkworms was attenuated. These phenotypes were restored by re-introducing each respective gene into the gene-deficient mutants. Our findings suggest that calcineurin has a role in regulating the cellular stress response and virulence of T. asahii.

The Identification and Expression Analysis of the Nitraria sibirica Pall. Auxin-Response Factor (ARF) Gene Family.

Nitraria sibirica is a shrub that can survive in extreme drought environments. The auxin-response factors (ARFs) are a class of transcription factors that are widely involved in plant growth and development, as well as in the regulation of stress resistance. However, the genome-wide identification of the ARF gene family and its responses to environmental stresses, especially drought stress, in N. sibirica has not yet been reported. Here, we identified a total of 12 ARF genes in the genome of N. sibirica, which were distributed over 10 chromosomes and divided into three clades. Intragenome synteny analysis revealed one collinear gene pair in the ARF gene family, i.e., NsARF9a and NsARF9b. Cis-acting element analysis showed that multiple hormones and stress-responsive cis-acting elements were found in the promoters of NsARFs, suggesting that NsARFs may be involved in multiple biological processes. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that many NsARFs had tissue-specific expression patterns, with the highest expression of NsARF16 in the seedlings of N. sibirica. In addition, most of the NsARFs that were upregulated under drought were independent of endogenous ABA biosynthesis, whereas the response of NsARF5 and NsARF7a to drought was disrupted by the ABA-biosynthesis inhibitor fluridone. These studies provide a basis for further research into how NsARFs in N. sibirica respond to hormonal signaling and environmental stresses.

SKN-1 regulates stress resistance downstream of amino catabolism pathways

SummaryThe deleterious potential to generate oxidative stress is a fundamental challenge to metabolism. The oxidative stress response transcription factor, SKN-1/NRF2, can sense and respond to changes in metabolic state, although the mechanism and consequences of this remain unknown. Here, we performed a genetic screen in C. elegans targeting amino acid catabolism and identified multiple metabolic pathways as regulators of SKN-1 activity. We found that knockdown of the conserved amidohydrolase T12A2.1/amdh-1 activates a unique subset of SKN-1 regulated genes. Interestingly, this transcriptional program is independent of canonical P38-MAPK signaling components but requires ELT-3, NHR-49 and MDT-15. This activation of SKN-1 is dependent on upstream histidine catabolism genes HALY-1 and Y51H4A.7/UROC-1 and may occur through accumulation of a catabolite, 4-imidazolone-5-propanoate. Activating SKN-1 results in increased oxidative stress resistance but decreased survival to heat stress. Together, our data suggest that SKN-1 acts downstream of key catabolic pathways to influence physiology and stress resistance.

Improved growth and metabolite accumulation in Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. by inoculation with the endophytic Geobacillu sp. RHBA19 and Pseudomonas fluorescens RHBA17

In this study, we focused on the plant-growth-promoting properties of two strains isolated from Codonopsis pilosula, and the effect of inoculation with different strain treatments on physiological and metabolite accumulation of C. pilosula. The strains RHBA19 and RHBA17 were isolated and identified as Geobacillu sp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens, respectively. The two strains produced indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophore, biofilm, and various exoenzymes. Based on the pot experiments, inoculation of RHBA19 (G group) and the two mixed bacteria (M group) significantly improved the growth, root development, and photosynthesis of C. pilosula. Compared with the no-inoculation group (CK), the total polysaccharide content of root in the G and M groups was dramatically enhanced by 59.27% and 96.07%, and the lobetyolin (root) improved by 58.4% and 66.0%, respectively. After inoculation with bacteria agents, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, POD, SOD) of C. pilosula increased differentially. Inoculation with two types of bacterial agents significantly increased the activities of sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) in root, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) in leaf of C. pilosula. In addition, the content of signaling molecules (NO and H2O2) in three types of tissue increased significantly. The magnitude of these results was higher with mixtures than with individual strains. These results imply that the two types of bacterial agents induce physiological metabolism changes to accumulate polysaccharides and lobetyolin by regulating stress resistance enzymes and signal molecules, especially NO and H2O2.

Regulation of the Age‐Dependent Activity of the FOXO Transcription Factor DAF‐16 in Adult Caenorhabditis elegans Roundworms

The insulin and insulin‐like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway regulates stress resistance and contributes to longevity in evolutionarily diverse species. In the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans the lifespan of daf‐2 mutants, which lack functional insulin receptors, is twice that of wildtype animals. This phenotype is entirely dependent upon the FOXO transcription factor DAF‐16. In the absence of negative regulation through the IIS pathway, DAF‐16 upregulates genes important for stress resistance, defense, and repair. While it can be activated in response to environmental insults, in young animals DAF‐16 is normally inhibited. However, we and others have demonstrated that the activity of DAF‐16 increases in an age‐dependent manner. The mechanism by which DAF‐16 is regulated during aging has not yet been defined. Here we used a reverse genetic approach in C. elegans to investigate the function of genes that act upstream in the insulin signaling pathway to ask about their potential roles in modulating DAF‐16 activity in post‐reproductive adult animals. We tested the hypothesis that activation of DAF‐2 and the ensuing activation of the PDK‐1 kinase must be blocked in order to permit DAF‐16 to regulate its transcriptional targets. By analyzing the expression of a GFP‐labeled transcriptional reporter and by measuring gene expression levels by qRT‐PCR, we found that in an age‐dependent manner DAF‐18, an ortholog of mammalian PTEN that prevents PDK‐1 from being activated, is necessary for the increased expression of DAF‐16 targets over time. Further, we found that RNAi targeting daf‐18 reduced the ability of adult but not larval stage animals to resist infection by the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This indicates that DAF‐18 is required for DAF‐16‐mediated innate immunity later in life. Our observations raise the intriguing possibility that an agonist engages DAF‐2 to initiate signaling through the IIS pathway at the same time that DAF‐16 is activated during adulthood. Previous studies established a role for micro RNAs (miRNAs) in regulating DAF‐2 activity, and we asked whether this could be true in the context of aging by knocking down the expression of alg‐2, an argonaute protein involved in miRNA biogenesis. We reasoned that expression of a DAF‐2 ligand might be controlled post‐transcriptionally by miRNA. Our functional analysis implies a possible genetic interaction between alg‐2 and daf‐18 that is most evident in adult C. elegans, suggesting that their gene products may act in the same pathway that ultimately governs DAF‐16 function. Together, our results reveal elements of a transcriptional regulatory mechanism that is specific to adult animals and that involves evolutionarily conserved components, suggesting its general relevance to the aging process in diverse organisms.

Tolerance engineering regulates stress resistance of microbial cell factory

The production efficiency of microbial cell factory is determined by the growth performance, product synthetic capacity, and stress resistance of the strain. Strengthening the stress resistance is the key point to improve the production efficiency of microbial cell factory. Tolerance engineering is based on the response mechanism of microbial cell factory to resist stress. Specifically, it consolidates the cell wall-cell membrane barrier to enhance the defense against stress, accelerates the stress response to improve the damage repair, and creates tolerance evolutionary tools to screen industrial microorganisms with enhanced robustness. We summarize the regulation strategies and forecast the prospects of tolerance engineering, which plays an important role in the microbial cell factories for sustainable production of natural products and bulk chemicals.

The role of SnRK2 in the response to stress, the growth and development of plants

Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) is a specific Ser/Thr protein kinase in plants. SnRK2 can regulate the expression of downstream genes or transcription factors through phosphorylation of substrates to achieve stress resistance regulation in different tissue parts, and make plants adapt to adverse environment. SnRK2 has a small number of members and a molecular weight of about 40 kDa, and contains a conserved N-terminal kinase domain and a divergent C-terminal regulatory domain, which plays an important role in the expression of enzyme. This review summarized the recent research progresses on the discovery, structure, and classification of SnRK2, and its function in response to various stresses and in regulating growth and development, followed by prospecting the future research direction of SnRK2. This review may provide a reference for genetic improvement of crop stress resistance.

SigB regulates stress resistance, glucose starvation, MnSOD production, biofilm formation, and root colonization in Bacillus cereus 905.

Bacillus cereus 905, originally isolated from wheat rhizosphere, exhibits strong colonization ability on wheat roots. Our previous studies showed that root colonization is contributed by the ability of the bacterium to efficiently utilize carbon sources and form biofilms and that the sodA2 gene-encoded manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD2) plays an indispensable role in the survival of B. cereus 905 in the wheat rhizosphere. In this investigation, we further demonstrated that the ability of B. cereus 905 to resist adverse environmental conditions is partially attributed to activation of the alternative sigma factor σB, encoded by the sigB gene. The sigB mutant experienced a dramatic reduction in survival when cells were exposed to ethanol, acid, heat, and oxidative stress or under glucose starvation. Analysis of the sodA2 gene transcription revealed a partial, σB-dependent induction of the gene during glucose starvation or when treated with paraquat. In addition, the sigB mutant displayed a defect in biofilm formation under stress conditions. Finally, results from the root colonization assay indicated that sigB and sodA2 collectively contribute to B. cereus 905 colonization on wheat roots. Our study suggests a diverse role of SigB in rhizosphere survival and root colonization of B. cereus 905 under stress conditions. KEY POINTS : • SigB confers resistance to environmental stresses in B. cereus 905. • SigB plays a positive role in glucose utilization and biofilm formation in B. cereus. • SigB and SodA2 collectively contribute to colonization on wheat roots by B. cereus.

ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ПСИХОТЕРАПЕВТИЧНИХ ПРАКТИК МАЙНДФУЛНЕС У РЕГУЛЯЦІЇ СТРЕСОСТІЙКОСТІ В ЮНАЦЬКОМУ ВІЦІ

The article is devoted to the theoretical study and empirical research of the effectiveness of mindfulness psychotherapeutic practices in the regulation of stress resistance in adolescence. It is theoretically determined that the consequences of stress are manifested in increased anxiety, irritability, emotional tension, fatigue, insomnia, etc. Stress resistance is associated with the tendency of the individual to be responsible for events in his life and the results of their activities; adolescence is experimental for identifying by a personality the stress coping strategies that are not always productive. It is noted that in Ukraine the direction of studying the mindfulness problem is currently at the origins of its development. Scientific attempts are being made to determine the role of mindfulness in various aspects of reducing personal stress, the ability to influence stress resistance processes by improving the mental health culture, through the formation of values ​​and competencies in recognizing their own psychological problems, but but scientists have paid insufficient attention to the implementation of the role of mindfulness practices in the educational space, establishing relationships between the mindfulness characteristics and students’ stress resistance. This refers to the fact that the development of stress resistance involves a variety of technologies, including psychotherapy. It is pointed out that one of the new achievements of psychological science is the introduction of mindfulness practices in the educational space, as the priority of the educational environment is to find ways of effective psychological care, technologies of psychological support for young people, minimization of distressing phenomena in schools. The following mindfulness techniques are singled out: meditative techniques, which include relaxation and developmental effects, teach to be fully present “here and now” and to notice the usual states of our consciousness. It is noted that the awareness factor helps to calm down, stabilize well-being, return from thoughts to the actual students’ experience of the “here and now” situation, turn on the consciousness state of “just being”, plays a significant role in choosing behaviors in difficult life circumstances. The mindfulness psychotherapeutic practices effectiveness in the stress resistance regulation in adolescence through the prism of empirical measurement is determined. A sample of respondents was formed on the basis of the lyceum “Olympus” №30 in Kremenchuk. The total number of respondents is 70 adolescents (15-17 years old). The results of the summative assessment are highlighted. The results of using a comprehensive psychodiagnostic methodology are analyzed: Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale – Revised, CAMS – R (Feldman, G., Hayes); the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) K. L. Gratz, L.Roemer, the “Man in the rain” graphic psychodiagnostic technique During the empirical research, the theoretical results of the Ukrainian scientists studies on a problem of stress resistance are generalized and features of students’ behavior strategies in stressful situations by the “Man in the rain” technique are distinguished empirically. Therefore, the novelty of the study is in figuring out the characteristics of students’ psychological states according to the following criteria of comfort / discomfort: resourcefulness, ambivalence, insecurity and their regulation depending on the level of mindfulness development in adolescents. A psychotherapeutic program for the development of mindfulness skills in everyday life for adolescents has been developed, which aims to develop the individual’s ability to perceive, feel and remember phenomena in the internal and external environment. It is important to note that psychological stability is supported by both internal (personal) and external (interpersonal, social support) resources, which are based on mindfulness control and are not limited to mental and emotional automatic reactions. The psychotherapeutic program provides students with the means that allow them to act more effectively in everyday life, to solve routine problems. The relationships between the mindfulness characteristics and stress resistance in adolescents were revealed through the results of a summative assessment.

Genes implicated in Caenorhabditis elegans and human health regulate stress resistance and physical abilities in aged Caenorhabditis elegans.

Recently, nine Caenorhabditis elegans genes, grouped into two pathways/clusters, were found to be implicated in healthspan in C. elegans and their homologues in humans, based on literature curation, WormBase data mining and bioinformatics analyses. Here, we further validated these genes experimentally in C. elegans. We downregulated the nine genes via RNA interference (RNAi), and their effects on physical function (locomotion in a swim assay) and on physiological function (survival after heat stress) were analysed in aged nematodes. Swim performance was negatively affected by the downregulation of acox-1.1, pept-1, pak-2, gsk-3 and C25G6.3 in worms with advanced age (twelfth day of adulthood) and heat stress resistance was decreased by RNAi targeting of acox-1.1, daf-22, cat-4, pig-1, pak-2, gsk-3 and C25G6.3 in moderately (seventh day of adulthood) or advanced aged nematodes. Only one gene, sad-1, could not be linked to a health-related function in C. elegans with the bioassays we selected. Thus, most of the healthspan genes could be re-confirmed by health measurements in old worms.