Regular Medical Check-ups Research Articles

ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ СИТУАЦИЯ С РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕМ ВИЧ-ИНФЕКЦИИ В ДАЛЬНЕВОСТОЧНОМ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОМ ОКРУГЕ (КРАТКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ЗА 2023 г.)

HIV-infection remains a pressing issue in both Russia and Far Eastern Federal district. Current re-search was conducted to evaluate HIV epidemic tendencies in the Far Eastern Federal district. Cu-mulative number of HIV-infected has reached 56 799 people in early January 2024. HIV screening coverage of district population has reached 33.04%. HIV-infection incidence rate equaled 34.0 per 100 000 population, prevalence rate – 451.2 per 100 000 population in 2023. Rate of men among newly infected people with HIV remained high. Heterosexual route of transmission was prevailing. A total number of 83.5% of people living with HIV were registered for regular medical check-ups and 72.1% of them received antiretroviral therapy.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SERVICE UTILIZATION AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH FUNCTIONAL OR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

Abstract Social services (e.g., senior centers, adult day care centers) and home health services (e.g., in-home personal care, visiting nurses) have been found to provide numerous benefits, such as opportunities for social interaction, physical activity, cognitive stimulation, as well as personal care and regular medical check-ups for older adults. These services may have greater positive impacts among older adults with disabilities or impairments given their limited mobility and reduced capacities to perform daily tasks. However, as most previous studies have focused on the general population, our understanding of factors associated with service utilization among those with disabilities or impairments is limited. This study examined individual characteristics associated with social and home health service utilization among older adults with functional limitations or cognitive impairments using data from the Health and Retirement Study. Results from logistic regression models suggest that older age and being not married were positively associated with utilization of both social and home health services, while being foreign-born was negatively associated with the outcomes, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Respondents with higher educational attainment tend to use social services more and are less likely to use home health services than those with less than a high school education. Rural residence was negatively associated with the utilization of social services, but not with home health services. Providing information on available services and enhancing access by increasing the number of service providers, transportation options, and financial assistance would promote utilization of supportive services among older adults with functional limitations and cognitive impairments.

The Association Between Physical Activity and Health Care Risk Management in Individuals With Disabilities.

Despite the increasing economic burden of people with disabilities (PWDs) over time, the impact of physical activity on PWDs in the Republic of Korea (ROK) remains relatively unexplored. Thus, we examined the association between physical activity and disease risk, health care utilization, and expenditures for PWDs in the ROK. We considered gender differences across eight diseases using the National Health Insurance (NHI) panel data from 2013 to 2019. The sample consisted of PWDs who underwent regular medical check-ups and were aged 40 years and above, aligning with the NHI's health screening program targeting beneficiaries in this age range. The final sample included 281 142 healthy PWDs. Among them, 44.1% (n = 124 061) engaged in physical activity, while the remaining 45.9% (n = 157 081) did not participate in any physical activity. The results show a negative association between physical activity and the incidence of various diseases among both genders. Health care utilization exhibited gender and disease-based variations, with men and women demonstrating higher utilization rates in the absence of physical activity. Health care expenditures also differed based on gender and disease, as men and women displayed higher costs in the absence of physical activity. Consequently, public policymakers should establish tailored activity programs for PWDs, adhering to activity guidelines designed for this population.

Musculoskeletal and Psychological Rehabilitation.

Although it has long been believed that stress has a detrimental effect on health and the risk of disease, little research has been done on the precise mechanisms by which this happens. The literature produced by past workers suggests many possibly intersecting mechanistic pathways that might be useful for future fundamental and clinical study. Exercise has been thoroughly researched as a non-pharmacologic strategy to increase bone mass. Many evidence-based treatment recommendations for patients suffering from osteoporosis-related fractures, potential courses of care, and rehabilitation concur that multidisciplinary therapy would be the most beneficial. Older and recent articles about musculoskeletal and psychological rehabilitation in the management of osteoporosis published in prominent and reputed journals are reviewed. Important and interesting information from some of the cross-references is also included. Opinions and impressions from the experience of treating osteoporosis are added while describing various aspects of psychological and physical rehabilitation. The recent evidence, reviewed here, also indicates the possibility of cross-effects between osteoporosis and psychological issues. A multi-factorial and personalised strategy should be explored for improved outcomes in patients under psychological stress, particularly those at increased risk of osteoporosis development. Reviewing current publications, the objectives of rehabilitation are evolving based on the disease's stage. For example, during the initial stage of a vertebral body collapse, the patient is treated with bracing, physical therapy, education, local and systemic analgesics, and a brief period of bed rest. The need to mobilise the patient carefully and safely along with a mix of medical care, dietary supplements, rehabilitation, and instructions to facilitate daily living activities, are endorsed to manage post-fracture osteoporosis. This chapter is not to make treatment advice, but rather to outline potential connections between psychological stress and low bone density and to emphasise potential multi-system consequences of pharmaceutical therapies. The goal is to enhance activities of daily living, which will increase safety, minimise falls, and maintain bone mass. Osteoporosis and fragility fractures can be prevented and managed with regular medical check-ups, daily exercise and yoga, a healthy diet, fall prevention measures,recreational groupactivities, supportive medications, control ofcomorbidities, use of assistivedevices, and customised rehabilitation programmes.

A study of morbidity profile and health seeking behaviour of inmates of selected old age homes of Bangalore city

Background: Assessment of the morbidity profile will help in the application of interventions, to improve the health status and the quality of life of the elderly Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the inmates of selected old age homes of Bangalore city between November to December 2019 using complete enumeration with a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire to assess morbidity profile and health seeking behaviour. Results: Majority of the study population (54.5%) was in the age group of 60-69 years followed by 80 years and above (25.5%) and 66.7% of were female. Most common morbidity identified among the elderly were Musculoskeletal disorders 100 (30.3%) followed by Diabetes 70 (21.2%), Hypertension 58 (17.6%), respiratory diseases 38 (11.5%), and Eye problems 34 (10.3%),) respectively. Majority of them 208 (63.0%) relied on Government health facilities citing free services as the common reason; whereas 122 (37.0%) approached the private sector for health assistance owing to the ease of access. Conclusions: Findings of the present study further reiterates the growing burden of chronic morbidities in the geriatric age group. It calls for programmes for creation of awareness among the elderly regarding regular medical checkups to ensure prevention and early detection of the chronic diseases.

Save the Saviors: How to Minimize Sudden and Premature Death Among Doctors?

During the past few years, the sudden death of young medical processionals in India shocked the entire ophthalmic fraternity. One of the most important reasons is overwork, stress, lack of physical activity, and lack of regular health checkups. Young and middle-aged doctors are in a critical period of their family and professional career development. Not only do they hope to make breakthroughs in clinical services as well as academic research, but they also face pressure from patients and their families. The escalation of contradictions between doctors and patients has also become an increasing mental burden in the practice of many medical professionals. We suggest that each and every ophthalmologist/doctor should take responsibility for his/her own health. Medical professionals/ophthalmologists should regularly perform aerobic exercise or connect with families and friends for support instead of excessive smoking and drinking. Besides, regular medical checkups of blood pressure, blood sugar, ECG, echocardiography, etc) effectively detect and decrease the risk of potential diseases such as diabetes, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and stroke. Government, non-government organizations, medical/ophthalmic societies, and media should help to improve the working environment and re-establish doctor-patient trust, which may further decrease the sense of”stress/burnout” for doctors. A change of lifestyle and healthy work-life balance – adding yoga, exercise, and meditation to reduce stress, maintain quality eating, and maintain body weight can save many young doctor/ophthalmologist lives.

Clinical, laboratory and virological aspects in infectious mononucleosis of EBV- and HHV-6 etiology in children

Purpose: To characterize clinical and laboratory features of infectious mononucleosis (IM) of EBV and HHV-6 etiology among children. Material and methods. A single-center prospective study was performed at Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases in 2021 — 2022, which included 84 patients with IM EBV (n = 40), HHV-6 (n = 11), EBV + HHV-6 (n = 33). Methods of laboratory diagnostics were clinical, biochemical blood tests, qualitative and quantitative PCR of blood (whole blood, plasma) to herpesvirus 4—6 types. Results. Patients with EBV IM were significantly older than children with HHV-6 IM and EBV + + HHV-6 IM (р ≤ 0,004). The main complaint of patients was fever (median 39,0°С, Q1—Q3 38,5—39,3°С). Nasal stuffiness (93%), tonsillitis (86%), peripheral cervical lymphadenopathy (100%) dominated among clinical manifestations in all groups. Splenomegaly was noted more rarely than hepatomegaly in children. There were no significant differences in the level of leukocytes among patients (р > 0,05). Increased values of lymphocytes, atypical mononuclear cells, hepatic cytolysis syndrome were characteristic of EBV-monoinfection (р ≤ 0,007). On the contrary, level of neutrophils was significantly higher in the HHV-6 IM group. Genotype HHV-6B was detected in 100% of cases. Assay of EBV viral load showed following: this indicator in plasma (р = 0,0008) and whole blood (р = 0,028) in EBV patients was significantly higher than among EBV + HHV-6 IM. A direct moderate correlation was found between viral loads in different human fluids (r = 0,413, р < 0,05). Conclusions. The results emphasize the importance of clinical and etiological diagnosis, including HHV-6 determination, for the well-timed registration of children with IM and their coverage with regular medical check-up.

The association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and advanced hepatic fibrosis with cardiovascular mortality in Taiwanese adults: a longitudinal cohort study

Abstract Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent in adults, and advanced hepatic fibrosis (AHF) occurs in the more progressive stage of NAFLD. Despite the known risk of cardiovascular diseases among NAFLD patients, the effect of NAFLD and AHF on cardiovascular mortality (CVM) in general populations remains understudied. Purpose This study aims to examine the association of NAFLD and AHF with CVM in a general population. Methods Participants were enrolled in the Taiwan MJ cohort and attended regular medical check-ups. We derived the death dates and causes up to 31 May 2019 from Taiwan Death Registry and linked them to participants by identity number. CVM included death from heart diseases, hypertension, or atherosclerosis defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes (ICD 9: 390-414, 420-429, 440; ICD 10: I01-I02.0, I05-I25, I27, I30-I52, and I70). We excluded regular alcohol drinkers and participants with cardiovascular diseases, hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer at baseline. The fatty liver index (FLI) was calculated to identify participants with NAFLD, among whom the BARD score was estimated to determine AHF. Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying covariates were applied in the analysis. We also conducted a stratified analysis by sex and age subgroups. Results 404,948 participants were recruited from 1997 to 2016 and followed until 31 May 2019, with a median follow-up duration of 15.1 (IQR: 10.1–19.5) years. There were 2,560 cardiovascular deaths, with an incidence of four deaths per 10,000 person-years. FLI was positively associated with CVM, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.301 (95%CI: 1.255–1.348) per standard deviation increase. We identified 41,807 participants with NAFLD (FLI≥60). NAFLD was related to a significantly higher risk of CVM [HR: 1.871 (95%CI: 1.688–2.073)]. Moreover, 17,274 participants with NAFLD developed AHF (BARD≥2). AHF elevated the risk of CVM among participants with NAFLD [HR: 1.388 (95%CI: 1.135–1.698)]. In stratified analysis, significant positive associations were observed in each sex or age subgroup. The CVM hazards of NAFLD were more pronounced in females (HR: 1.921) than in males (HR: 1.741) and higher in adults under 40 years of age at baseline (HR: 4.905) than in older adults (HR: 1.772). Similarly, AHF had a higher HR in females versus males (HR: 1.684 vs. 1.281) and a much higher HR in adults with a NAFLD onset age under 40 versus adults with older onset age (HR: 2.246 vs. 1.258). Conclusions NAFLD remarkably increases CVM in the general population across different sex and age groups. Among people with NAFLD, AHF aggravates the risk of CVM. These adverse effects are relatively prominent in females and adults under middle age.The forest plot of hazard ratios

Regular medical checkup program (in K-MEDI hub) to enhance the welfare of laboratory dogs and pigs

BackgroundThe importance of animal welfare is being recognized worldwide. Recently, the increasing demand for enhanced laboratory animal welfare has led to clinically featured transformations of animal research institutes. This study aims to describe the process and findings of veterinary medical check-ups and its influence on laboratory dogs and pigs welfare. Regular medical checkups were conducted by the attending veterinarian twice a year to ensure the health and welfare of dogs and pigs in our animal research institute. Based on the findings from the medical checkup, we assessed the current health of dogs and pigs,providing reasonable treatments to prevent the risk of complications.ResultsBlood tests and physical examinations revealed clinically relevant findings. Some of these findings were due to insufficient postoperative care after invasive surgical experiments and the remaining were predictable side effects after surgical experiments. However, one finding involved severe gum bleeding due to retained deciduous teeth. This animal was euthanized because it was judged to reach the humane endpoint. Majority of the dogs and pigs at our animal research institute were considered to be healthy, based on the comprehensive results of the medical checkups.ConclusionsRegular medical checkups by the attending veterinarian established enhanced animal welfare, ensuring the accuracy and reproducibility of animal studies. This pioneering veterinary animal care program can serve as a potential advanced guideline for animal research institutes to improve dogs and pigs welfare.

Workplace health promotion embedded in medical surveillance

Abstract The Total Worker Health© strategy is an advantageous and effective way of integrating prevention and health promotion in the workplace. The main critical points are the correct balance between prevention and promotion efforts and the extension of the projects to small companies. For several years now, in Italy, the Occupational Health Unit of the Catholic University proposed a model named Workplace Health Promotion Embedded in Medical Surveillance (WHPEMS). WHPEMS projects, which are also implemented in small companies, focus each year on a new topic that emerges from the needs of workers. During their regular medical check-up in the workplace, workers are invited to fill in a questionnaire regarding the project topic, its outcome, and some related factors. Workers receive advice on how to improve their lifestyles and are referred to the National Health Service for any necessary tests or treatments. The design of the project, the development of the investigative tools and the operating procedures are carried out by the University. The doctors in charge of the health surveillance of the workers in the various companies can join and receive the results free of charge. The data analysis is conducted by the University. Despite its apparent simplicity, the strategy required many years to develop, refine and validate the promotion methods. In recent years projects have dealt with: Eating behavior disorders; Post-COVID syndrome; Syncope and presyncope; Headache; Musculoskeletal disorders; Work engagement; Sleep health promotion; Aging and ability to work; Violence at work; Work organization; Indoor air quality; Mediterranean Diet. More than 30,000 workers participated and over 1,000 of them were invited to undergo diagnostic tests or treatments. The participatory character of the projects, their simplicity and cost-effectiveness, the integration between occupational medicine and basic medicine demonstrate that WHPEMS projects are economical, sustainable, and effective. Key messages • Workplace Health Promotion Embedded in Medical Surveillance Projects are economical, sustainable, and effective. • The creation of a network of occupational physicians who are involved in WHPEMS projects respects corporate and professional independence and improves the work culture, health, and safety of workers.

Evaluation of the Public Perception Regarding Malaria during Pregnancy among Expectant Mothers at Bitereko Health Center III in Mitooma District

The study aimed to evaluate how pregnant mothers at Bitereko Health Center III in Mitooma district perceive malaria during pregnancy and propose preventive interventions. Employing a descriptive cross-sectional design encompassing qualitative and quantitative methods, the research involved 100 participants from the health center. Data analysis utilized Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. Results indicated that 80% of pregnant women were knowledgeable about malaria prevention, including the use of insecticide-treated nets and environmental measures like clearing bushes and stagnant water. However, 20% lacked awareness regarding preventive measures. Identified predisposing risk factors for malaria during pregnancy encompassed poor nutrition, poverty hindering access to balanced diets, unsanitary conditions fostering mosquito breeding sites, and inadequate antenatal care. The study found significant associations between age, occupation, mental state, and education level with knowledge and perception of malaria in pregnancy. Recommendations included government-led health education during antenatal care focusing on malaria causes, prevention, and management of associated complications. Regular medical check-ups before and after delivery were encouraged, along with the consistent use of mosquito nets and other preventive measures against malaria. Keywords: Malaria in pregnancy, Insecticide-treated mosquito nets, Pregnant mothers, Mosquito, antenatal care.

Lifestyle-based nomogram for identifying the Chaoshan inhabitants of China at high risk of Helicobacter pylori infection

BackgroundHelicobacter pylori (HP) infection is associated with various diseases. Early detection can prevent the onset of illness. We constructed a nomogram to predict groups at high risk of HP infection.MethodsPatients who underwent regular medical check-ups at hospital in Chaoshan, China from March to September 2022 were randomly allocated to the training and validation cohorts. Risk factors including basic characteristics and lifestyle habits associated with HP infection were analyzed by logistic regression analyses. The independent varieties were calculated and plotted into a nomogram. The nomogram was internally validated by receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration, and decision curve analyses (DCAs).ResultsOf the 945 patients, 680 were included in the training cohort and 265 in the validation cohort. 356 patients in training cohort with positive 13 C-UBT results served as the infected group, and 324 without infection were the control group. The multivariate regression analyses showed that the risk factors for HP infection included alcohol consumption (OR = 1.29, 95%CI = 0.78–2.13, P = 0.03), family history of gastric disease (OR = 4.35, 95%CI = 1.47–12.84, P = 0.01), living with an HP-positive individual (OR = 18.09, 95%CI = 10.29–31.82, P < 0.0001), drinking hot tea (OR = 1.58, 95%CI = 1.05–2.48, P = 0.04), and infection status of co-drinkers unknown (OR = 2.29, 95%CI = 1.04–5.06, P = 0.04). However, drinking tea > 3 times per day (OR = 0.56, 95%CI = 0.33–0.95, P = 0.03), using serving chopsticks (OR = 0.30, 95%CI = 0.12–0.49, P < 0.0001) were protective factors for HP infection. The nomogram had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85 in the training cohort. The DCA was above the reference line within a large threshold range, indicating that the model was better. The calibration analyses showed the actual occurrence rate was basically consistent with the predicted occurrence rate. The model was validated in the validation cohort, and had a good AUC (0.80), DCA and calibration curve results.ConclusionsThis nomogram, which incorporates basic characteristics and lifestyle habits, is an efficient model for predicting those at high risk of HP infection in the Chaoshan region.

Drug abusers characteristics on the online community

This study aims to gain insights into the basic information and behavioral characteristics of the drug abusers and provide references for drug prevention, control, and correctional strategies. First, the python development tool was used to crawl 8494 posts from 1725 users in the forum of “Dynamic Control Bar” in the Baidu Tieba. The data were cleaned and organized. Subsequently, the content of the posts in text was analyzed using a mixture of topic model, sentiment analysis, and relevance analysis. The result of the LDA indicated that the drug abusers were concerned about the living conditions of this population in their home communities, regular checkups and management by government staff, perceived social discrimination and inconvenience of living in a restrained environment, problems they encountered when consulting with each other in terms of regular medical checkups, recollection of how they came to use drugs, as well as emotions of regret. The result of the emotional analysis indicated that this population was emotionally disturbed and had more negative emotional values, but the above values were stable. Internet information dissemination is of great significance to public opinion dissemination that can indicate the real opinions and attitudes of all social strata to drug abusers, especially the discrimination, stigmatization, and labelling of drug abusers by the general public. Disseminating content to drug abusers about their problems can help them start a new life. Furthermore, the government should guide the attitudes and emotions of this population to help them start a new, more positive life.

Статистическая оценка достижения стратегической цели по продолжительности жизни населения арктических регионов России

Increasing the life expectancy of the Russian population is the most important goal of the country’s national policy. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this indicator has decreased in most countries worldwide, including Russia, which necessitates research in this domain. Life expectancy levels greatly vary across Russian regions. The goal of this study is to evaluate the extent to which the targeted life expectancy goals have been attained in the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation. The study relies on the systems approach, the critical approach, content analysis, and demographic analysis. The novelty of the study lies in the conclusion that the life expectancy target outlined in the Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and Provision of National Security for the Period up to 2035, aimed at reaching the level of 78 years by 2024, will not be met. This assertion is substantiated by an analysis of long-term trends. The Arctic regions are categorized based on their progress toward the strategic life expectancy goal: the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District has come closest to achieving it, while the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Republic of Karelia, and the Arkhangelsk Region face the most challenging circumstances. We have identified key avenues for increasing life expectancy in each Arctic region, with measures to prevent mortality from external causes showing significant potential for reducing premature deaths. A comparative analysis shows that at the current state of healthcare infrastructure development in Russia, regional differences do not exert a decisive impact on life expectancy. Therefore, it is recommended to strengthen efforts to encourage regular medical check-ups, making them an annual practice for all age groups. This approach would facilitate the early diagnosis of critical illnesses and reduce premature mortality. As a rule, the availability of medical services in the Russian Arctic is higher than the average around the country, as evidenced by statistical data on the development of a network of medical institutions and their medical staffing. Also, most Arctic regions have a lower proportion of the rural population than the national average, with the exception of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Telemedicine and mobile healthcare services should be used more actively, particularly in locations such as remote settlements, onshore and offshore oil platforms, and nomadic routes. There is a need for an effective mechanism of government support for corporate employee wellness programs that make a real contribution to reducing the loss of work time due to sick leaves. It is also vital to promote a healthy lifestyle, engaging the population in physical activities and sports, as the Russian Arctic already has the necessary facilities and conditions.

A COMBINATION REVIEW ON EFFECT OF CITRUS JUICE AND METRONIDAZOLE IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

The set of inflammatory disorder known’s as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects the gastrointestinal tract and is chronic and complicated condition. Both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, the two main types of inflammatory bowel disease, cause inflammation in the digestive system. Chron's disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, while ulcerative colitis only affects the colon and rectum. They induce the inflammatory symptoms of swelling, discomfort, an increase in body temperature, redness, and itching. The diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease requires a careful examination of the patient's medical history, a physical examination, and other tests. Blood tests, imaging scans, and occasionally biopsies. The goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation and symptoms, usually with a combination medication, dietary modification, and occasionally surgical intervention. IBD cannot be cured, however improvements in medical therapy have greatly enhanced patient outcome and care. To effectively manage IBD and improve the quality of life for patients suffering from this difficult condition, regular medical checkup and adherence to treatment plans are essential. The best IBD management and patients well- being depends critically on early detection, prompt intervention and continued support from healthcare provides. Metronidazole and mesalamine drugs are used as different dose in the treatment of IBD inflammation. Some condition citrus juice also used as a treatment because they help in the immune power.

Applying dual models on optimized LSTM with U-net segmentation for breast cancer diagnosis using mammogram images

Background of the studyBreast cancer is the most fatal disease that widely affects women. When the cancerous lumps grow from the cells of the breast, it causes breast cancer. Self-analysis and regular medical check-ups help for detecting the disease earlier and enhance the survival rate. Hence, an automated breast cancer detection system in mammograms can assist clinicians in the patient's treatment. In medical techniques, the categorization of breast cancer becomes challenging for investigators and researchers. The advancement in deep learning approaches has established more attention to their advantages to medical imaging issues, especially for breast cancer detection. AimThe research work plans to develop a novel hybrid model for breast cancer diagnosis with the support of optimized deep-learning architecture. MethodsThe required images are gathered from the benchmark datasets. These collected datasets are used in three pre-processing approaches like “Median Filtering, Histogram Equalization, and morphological operation”, which helps to remove unwanted regions from the images. Then, the pre-processed images are applied to the Optimized U-net-based tumor segmentation phase for obtaining accurate segmented results along with the optimization of certain parameters in U-Net by employing “Adapted-Black Widow Optimization (A-BWO)”. Further, the detection is performed in two different ways that is given as model 1 and model 2. In model 1, the segmented tumors are used to extract the significant patterns with the help of the “Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Local Gradient pattern (LGP)”. Further, these extracted patterns are utilized in the “Dual Model accessed Optimized Long Short-Term Memory (DM-OLSTM)” for performing breast cancer detection and the detected score 1 is obtained. In model 2, the same segmented tumors are given into the different variants of CNN, such as “VGG19, Resnet150, and Inception”. The extracted deep features from three CNN-based approaches are fused to form a single set of deep features. These fused deep features are inserted into the developed DM-OLSTM for getting the detected score 2 for breast cancer diagnosis. In the final phase of the hybrid model, the score 1 and score 2 obtained from model 1 and model 2 are averaged to get the final detection output. ResultsThe accuracy and F1-score of the offered DM-OLSTM model are achieved at 96 % and 95 %. ConclusionExperimental analysis proves that the recommended methodology achieves better performance by analyzing with the benchmark dataset. Hence, the designed model is helpful for detecting breast cancer in real-time applications.

Factors affecting treatment adherence in working-age patients with myocardial infarction

Aim of the study was to analyze the factors affecting treatment adherence in working-age patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Material and methods. During hospitalization, data of 150 patients with MI were collected using medical records and questionnaires. Social treatment readiness was assessed using the S.V. Davydov method with the calculation of treatment adherence (TA) score. After 6 months, the vital status, frequency and causes of hospitalizations, intake of the main groups of drugs, achievement of cardiovascular health target, frequency of regular medical check-up and the type of specialist conducting it were analyzed. In conclusion, the factors affecting the TA score were identified, as well as factors related to the achievement of cardiovascular health targets. Results. 6 months after MI, 4 (2.7 %) patients died due to cardiovascular diseases, 24 (16 %) were hospitalized. The inpatient TA score was 5 (4; 8) (median (lower quartile; upper quartile)), in 79 (52.6 %) patients it was low. The adherence of the surviving patients to treatment after six months was high: 142 (97.3 %) were taking disaggregants, 138 (94.5 %) were taking beta-blockers and reninangiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, 139 (95.2 %) were taking statins. However, only 56 (69.1 %) patients achieved target levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL); 118 (80.8 %) patients achieved target levels of blood pressure, 95 (65.1 %) patients achieved target levels of heart rate (HR) at rest. Only about half (56.8 %) of patients with MI had regular medical check-ups, and only 38.5 % visited cardiologist. Patients who did not achieve target levels of LDL and HR had lower baseline TA score (p = 0.038 and p = 0.029, respectively), they showed up to fewer regular medical checkups after MI (p &lt; 0.001). In patients who did not achieve target HR, the indicator of willingness to pay for treatment was low (p = 0.041), and regular medical check-ups were 4.2 more likely to be performed by a paramedic (p = 0.021). High-score TA was associated with the patient`s lack of propensity for social isolation, high social awareness, trust in the therapeutic treatment, willingness to pay for treatment, high sociability, dyslipidemia in history, the absence of passive smoking during the year, undergoing stage 2 of stroke recovery, working at the time of MI or the late age at onset of alcohol consumption. Low TA score was associated with the patient being the resident in the city, Q-wave MI, and a long-term smoking. Conclusions. Among the factors affecting treatment adherence in working-age patients with MI, certain indicators such as medical and social treatment readiness throughout hospitalization, and social, economic and clinical anamnestic characteristics are highlighted. The identification these factors should be implemented in real clinical practice to improve secondary prevention and outpatient follow-up.

Identifikasi dan Edukasi Adverse Drug Reactions dan Drug Related Problems pada Masyarakat Lanjut Usia di Posyandu Lansia Lubuk Begalung Padang

Geriatric tend to suffer from more than one disease and consume more than one drug yearly. This study aimed to identify and educate geriatrics in the elderly community in Lubuk Begalung Padang, West Sumatra, about adverse drug reactions and drug-related problems. This society activity was carried out by direct interviews using a questionnaire and counselling individual patients. The results of this activity were presented descriptively. A total of 30 female (93.1%) and male (2.60%) subjects were involved in this study. Data showed that 86.70% of the subjects did not carry out regular medical check-ups, 63.4% of the subjects used three or more types of drugs, 77% of the subjects did not know the names of the drugs given, and 56.70% did not know nor did not receive information of the usage of the drug. In conclusion, the people in Lubuk Begalung sub-district Padang still lack knowledge regarding drugs and the risk of polypharmacy, so drug education and counselling for the community needs to be improved. In this activity, the effect of providing education on changes in the knowledge or behaviour of the respondents was not measured. However, the respondents expressed their satisfaction with this activity and hoped that the activities would continue in the future

Improved Models for Diabetes Prediction by Integrating PCA Technique

Diabetes is an incurable, chronic disease indicated by hyperglycemia. It may lead to severe complications and is consequently one of the top ten causes of mortality in recent years. Fortunately, early detection can significantly aid in disease management. Based on their regular medical checkup results, people can make a preliminary evaluation of their risk of having the condition with the help of machine learning techniques. In this study, diabetes is predicted using Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), and K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm (KNN), ranked in descending order of accuracy. XGB comes out on top with an accuracy of 87.29%. The dimensionality reduction approach Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is conducted, resulting in a maximum accuracy gain of 1.27%. The study's enhanced diabetes prediction models allow people to more accurately gauge their risk of developing the condition. More potential patients would be notified to get checked, enhancing the disease's early detection rate.

Species composition of genus &lt;i&gt;Candida&lt;/i&gt; in healthy people and people with intestinal pathology

Aim. To identify the difference in the detection of yeasts of the genus Candida and their species composition in people with gastrointestinal pathology and in healthy people undergoing a regular medical checkup.Materials and methods. Clinical trial material comprised biological material from patients undergoing regular medical checkup (control group) and patients with intestinal pathology. Following the detection of fungal colonies on Sabouraud medium, identification was carried out using chromogenic agar. A number of strains were identified via mass spectrometry.Results. The study results show that the frequency of occurrence of the genus Candida is more than three times higher in patients with intestinal pathology. In addition, the study groups revealed the differences in the species composition. Candida krusei is more than 5 times more common in cases of gastrointestinal pathology.Conclusion. Due to the differences in the frequency and species composition of yeasts of the genus Candida isolated from the intestine, specialists should diagnose intestinal diseases and choose antimycotic therapy in a meticulous way.