Regular Height Research Articles

Experimental study of wind-field characteristics and torsional vortex-induced vibrations for a split three-box deck sitting above water waves

The wind-field characteristics of a split three-box deck sitting above water waves and its torsional vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs) were experimentally investigated using wind-tunnel and wave-flume tests. The wind field was measured using turbulent flow instrumentation (TFI) Cobra probe. To test the VIVs of the split three-box deck, a test system that could elastically suspend the deck sectional model by eight springs and guarantee free oscillation of the deck sectional model only in the heaving and torsional directions was constructed. The test results indicated that the regular wave height (H) and regular wave period (T) mainly promoted the overall turbulence-intensity (Iuvw) and turbulence-intensity component (Iw). These contributions were further strengthened by an increase in H and a decrease in T, respectively. In general, the variations in Iuvw and Iw, particularly the latter, should be regarded as the major cause of the change in the maximum torsional VIV amplitudes of the deck sectional model with a scale ratio of 1:60 when compared to the mean local wind speed (U) and wind-speed component (w). The differences in these amplitudes under different cases in the first lock-in regions were not evident, whereas those in the second lock-in regions were significant. In the second regions, the smaller the relative bridge clearance (a/H), the smaller the maximum torsional VIV amplitudes, and the maximum torsional VIV amplitudes increased with T, which were all smaller than those in the corresponding wind-only case. Moreover, the larger the bridge clearance (a), the larger the maximum torsional VIV amplitudes in the wind-only cases (a = 0.30, 0.42, 0.50, and 0.58 m). Evidently, the presence of water waves is conducive to the suppression of torsional VIVs of the split three-box deck when VIVs occur.

Refining systems of mad families

AbstractWe construct a model in which there exists a refining matrix of regular height λ larger than $$\mathfrak{h}$$ h ; both $$\lambda = \mathfrak{c}$$ λ = c and $$\lambda < \mathfrak{c}$$ λ < c are possible. A refining matrix is a refining system of mad families without common refinement. Of particular interest in our proof is the preservation of $${\cal B}$$ ℬ -Canjarness.

Optimization of single-track deposits in wire arc-based direct energy deposition of ER110S-G steel using MONS-MFO and TOPSIS algorithms

Wire and arc-based direct energy deposition (wire and arc DED) is a promising metallic additively manufacturing (MAM) technology to fabricate large-size metallic components. Among high-strength-low-alloy steels used in wire and arc DED processes, ER110S-G is a commonly used material. However, previous studies have often relied on process parameters recommended by suppliers for conventional welding methods. This study aims to predict the optimum processing parameters for the manufacture of ER110S-G steel by a wire and arc DED process based on experiment and multi-attribute optimization algorithms. The experiment was designed using the full factorial method with the input variables ( U– voltage, I– current, and v– traveling speed) while considering three attributes of single tracks ( STW– single track width, STH– single track height, and LMP– length of melting pool). To find the optimal processing variables, MONS-MFO (Multi-Objective Non-Sorted Moth Flame) was utilized. The outcomes reveal that the developed predictive models of attributes feature a high accurate level ( R2 = 98.11%, 98.38%, and 98.07% for STW, STH, and LMP, respectively). The optimal parameters obtained by MONS-MFO & TOPSIS were I = 159.4 A, v = 0.3 m/min, and U = 21.4 V allow fabricating single tracks with smooth and regular shape and a s-shaped thin-wall component with regular shape and height. Moreover, no spatters generated with the optimal parameters, demonstrating their suitability and efficiency for the printing process.

Somatropin for Turner Syndrome


 Early initiation of growth hormone therapy is recommended in children with Turner syndrome if the child already has growth failure or has a high chance of short stature (1 guideline).
 Growth hormone treatment can be started at 45 mcg/kg/day to 50 mcg/kg/day (1 guideline).
 Monitor treatment by regular height measurements and assessment of levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (1 guideline).
 Continue treatment until the desired height is achieved or when no more growth potential remains (1 guideline).

PEMERIKSAAN BERAT BADAN DAN TINGGI BADAN RUTIN SEBAGAI UPAYA OPTIMALISASI TUMBUH KEMBANG ANAK

In order to support the optimal growth and development of children, routine checks on a child's weight and weight are an important step in detecting potential problems or delays in a child's growth from an early age. This community service activity involved 20 participants consisting of students at TPA Al-Amiin aged 4-5 years. The objective of this activity is to conduct regular weight and height check-ups for the students at TPA Al-Amiin to monitor their growth and development.The community service method is carried out by providing routine weight and height check facilities every month at the Al-Amiin TPA. The participants were encouraged to take regular check-ups to monitor the growth of the children. In addition, an educative approach is also carried out through counseling to parents regarding the importance of examining growth and development and its benefits for children's development.The results of this community service show an increase in parental participation in routine checks on child growth and development at the Al-Amiin TPA. The number of participants in May was 20 children with the result that 18 children (90%) were in the normal growth and development category. With regular check-ups, potential problems or developmental delays in children can be detected earlier, so that appropriate interventions can be given to support optimal child development.In conclusion, routine checks on child growth and development at TPA Al-Amiin through community service can provide significant benefits in optimizing children's growth and development. With increased parental participation in examinations, children's development can be monitored regularly and interventions can be made early. These steps can serve as a model for similar institutions in increasing parental participation and optimizing the growth and development of children as a whole.

Base matrices of various heights

AbstractA classical theorem of Balcar, Pelant, and Simon says that there is a base matrix of height ${\mathfrak h}$ , where ${\mathfrak h}$ is the distributivity number of ${\cal P} (\omega ) / {\mathrm {fin}}$ . We show that if the continuum ${\mathfrak c}$ is regular, then there is a base matrix of height ${\mathfrak c}$ , and that there are base matrices of any regular uncountable height $\leq {\mathfrak c}$ in the Cohen and random models. This answers questions of Fischer, Koelbing, and Wohofsky.

Overcoming crossdating challenges to generate ring-width chronologies for Sequoia sempervirens across its native range

We utilize a large dendrochronological dataset for Sequoia sempervirens of 1.29 million rings from 5952 series for 278 trees to generate location and regional ring-width chronologies and to investigate constraints on crossdating. Increment cores were collected at regular height intervals along the trunk via free-hanging ropes with some terrestrial deadwood sampled. Inter-annual chronologies span 86–1687 yr for 47 locations in primary and secondary forests across the native Sequoia range. Shared signals based on declining strength of paired correlations with distance, strong correlations within regions, and groupings of principal components guide chronology creation for northern (1032 yr, 108 trees) and southern (865 yr, 52 trees) regions and four sub-regions. The suite of chronologies provides location-specific references as well as more robust regional indices that reflect distinct signals along a climatically-integrative latitudinal gradient. Secondary forests date to near completion, and we use a subset of data to assess crossdating for trees in primary forests. Among tree and landscape attributes, old age is the most important predictor of undated and missing rings, and undated rings align with periods of reduced biomass production distributed across centuries-long lifespans. Crossdating metrics vary by height above the ground with breast height (BH) and 10 m samples having more undated rings than upper samples. At 10 m, samples have the most missing rings. Buttressing affects the lower trunk as BH series have higher ring widths and lower interseries correlations compared to those up to 70 m. Whole-trunk sampling maximizes success for crossdating old, structurally-complex Sequoia and enables dating of crown damage and assessment of biomass dynamics related to environmental change. Reference chronologies, regional assessments, and crossdating insights collectively guide future study of Sequoia for applications including climatology, fire ecology, and seismology.

Prognostic Observational Analysis of BMI, Leptin, and Adiponectin in Children With Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Undergoing Remission-Induction Chemotherapy.

BackgroundThe survival rate of children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has progressively improved. However, ALL survivors often have adverse effects after treatment, such as an increased risk of obesity. Obesity has been associated with reduced survival.ObjectiveWe investigated the relationship between obesity, adipocytokine levels, and ALL short-term outcomes.MethodsWeight and height were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated at patient diagnosis and discharge. Leptin and Adiponectin levels and Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) were measured before therapy, at days 19 of remission-induction therapy, and at the end of remission-induction therapy (days 46). The relationship between BMI, adipocytokine levels, and MRD was then determined.ResultsCompared to the normal BMI group, children with an abnormal increase in BMI had an increase in MRD at day 19 and 46 (P = 0.04 and P = 0.008), and showed a positive correlation (P = 0.014). In addition, we found a positive correlation between weight, hip circumference at diagnosis and at day 19, and MRD at day 46. Both BMI and fat concentric distribution affected the outcome of ALL children. A higher BMI was also associated with a significant increase in Leptin levels at diagnosis. Leptin resistance should be considered in ALL children with high BMI.ConclusionBMI affects the outcome of ALL patients. Early interventions such as regular weight, height monitoring, and dietary assessments should be preferably initiated during remission-induction chemotherapy.

Interplay between powder catchment efficiency and layer height in self-stabilized laser metal deposition

In laser metal deposition (LMD) the height of the deposited track can vary within and between layers, causing significant deviations during the process evolution. Previous works have shown that in certain conditions a self-stabilizing mechanism occurs, maintaining a regular height growth and a constant standoff distance between the part and the deposition nozzle. Here we analyze the link between the powder catchment efficiency and the deposition height stability. To this purpose, a monitoring system was developed to study the deposition in different process conditions, using inline measurements of the specimen weight in combination with the layer height information obatined with coaxial optical triangulation. An analytical model was used to estimate the deposition efficiency in real-time from the height monitoring and the process parameters, which was verified by the direct mass measurements. The results show that the track height stabilization is associated to a reduction of the powder catchment efficiency, which is governed by the melt pool relative position with respect to the powder cone and the laser beam. For a given set of parameters, the standoff distance can be estimated to achieve the highest powder catchment efficiency and a regular height through the build direction.

A study on wire and arc additive manufacturing of low-carbon steel components: process stability, microstructural and mechanical properties

Among metal-based additive manufacturing, wire and arc additive manufacturing is receiving increasing attention for the production of components with medium to large dimensions. In the current research, the production of low-carbon steel thin-walled components by wire and arc additive manufacturing was addressed. Firstly, the influence of two depositing direction strategies on the wall shape was investigated. Subsequently, the effect of heat input on the shape stability and the microstructure evolution of the walls was studied. The results indicated that the alternating depositing direction strategy was more suited to build thin walls with relatively regular height. The heat input significantly influenced the shape stability, but had slight effects on the microstructure evolution. The microstructure of the walls varied from the top to the bottom regions, leading to a variation in hardness from 157 ± 3.11 to 192 ± 4.30 (HV5). The microstructure of the built thin walls can be distinguished in three regions: The upper region exhibited lamellar structures; the middle region dominantly featured granular structures of ferrites with a small proportion of pearlites, which appear in the boundaries of grains; and the lower region showed a mix of lamellar and equiaxed structures of ferrites. The tensile properties of the built material also exhibited anisotropic characteristics: The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength vary from 320 ± 6 to 362 ± 8 MPa and from 429 ± 8 to 479 ± 7 MPa, respectively.

P63 Do paediatricians recognise childhood obesity?

AimThe obesity epidemic in England is growing, with 22% of 4 and 5 year olds and 34% of 10 and 11 year olds being overweight or obese.1 With obesity being linked to several different illnesses including type 2 diabetes and hypertension, it is vital that clinicians are recognising obesity among children as early as possible.This study aims to:Carry out an audit of identification of obesity in paediatric outpatients to determine whether paediatricians are effectively identifying overweight and obese children, and whether practice conforms to standards in medical guidelines.Explore the barriers to discussing overweight and obesity with parents.Carry out a prescription audit and compare against current medical guidelines.2MethodA retrospective review of all new medical patients seen during a one-week period in July was used to determine their weight status and whether they had correctly been identified by clinicians. A short questionnaire was distributed to all clinics at the chosen hospital during a one-week period in October to determine reasons why clinicians may not choose to discuss obesity with patients and their families. A prescription audit was carried out examining the drug cards of all new overweight and obese patients admitted to wards in the chosen hospital to determine if drug doses had been correctly adjusted for weight.Results21% (21) patients in the retrospective audit were classified as either overweight or obese. 28.6% of 4 and 5-year olds were found to be either overweight or obese and 14.3% of 10 and 11-year olds. Only 3 of the 21 overweight or obese patients had been recognised as overweight or obese by clinicians in their notes. The questionnaire found that the most common reasons for not discussing overweight and obesity with patients and their families was concerns about maintaining doctor/patient and doctor/parent relationships. Other reasons given were that there was not enough time in clinic appointments or that the family was already aware. Four overweight or obese patients had been prescribed drugs based on their actual weight rather than ideal weight and therefore had received an overdose. All doses for these patients were adjusted accordingly and re-prescribed in line with trust guidelines.ConclusionsThe results of our study indicate that there is need for regular height and weight checks for all paediatric patients to ensure correct identification and management of overweight and obese children. Ways of doing this may involve more regular height measurements and providing guidelines for medical professionals in how to breech the topic of weight with patients and carers. The results of our pharmacy audit indicate that some overweight and obese children are being prescribed inappropriate doses of medication with clearly shows that there is need for more monitoring of prescribing practices in overweight and obese patients.ReferencesPublic Health England. 2017. Health matters: obesity and the food environment.Trust guidelines. 2017. Drug adjustments in obese patients.

On Krull rings with zero divisors

Let R be a commutative ring with identity and the set of regular height one prime ideals of R. We will show that R is a Krull ring if and only if each regular prime ideal of R contains a t-invertible prime ideal, if and only if (1) and it has finite character and (2) is a rank one DVR for each It is also shown that is the unique defining family for a Krull ring R.

Association between height loss and calcaneus bone mineral density in Chinese adults

Objective: To examine the association between height loss and calcaneus bone mineral density (BMD) through data gathered from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB). Methods: The present study included 24 231 participants who attended the CKB resurvey during 2013-2014, in which calcaneus BMD was measured by quantitative ultrasound method for the first time. Height loss was calculated according to the differences appeared in height measurement between baseline and resurvey. We used linear regression models to estimate the association between height loss and BMD measures. Results: The mean interval between baseline and resurvey was (8.0±0.8 ) years. 33.0% of the participants showed a height loss of ≥1.0 cm, and another 3.7% were with height loss of ≥3.0 cm. After adjustment for potential confounders, there was a linear correlation seen between height loss and BMD (P for all linear trend were <0.001). The βs (95%CIs) for each 1.0 cm of height loss were -0.79 (-0.95--0.63) for broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), -2.74 (-3.35--2.13) for speed of sound (SOS), and -1.29 (-1.54--1.04) for stiffness index (SI). Compared with participants with stable height, the multivariate-adjusted βs (95%CIs) for those with height loss of ≥3.0 cm were -3.29 (-4.08--2.50) for BUA, -10.70 (-13.66--7.73) for SOS, and -5.16 (-6.36--3.96) for SI, respectively. According to the subgroup analyses, the association of height loss with BMD measures seemed to be more apparent among females, in those aged ≥55 years, and those being less physically active. Conclusions: BMD became lower with the increase of height loss. Regular height measurement may contribute to the early diagnosis and prevention of osteoporosis.

Polysaccharide Structures in the Outer Mucilage of Arabidopsis Seeds Visualized by AFM.

Evidence is presented that the polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan I (RGI) can be biosynthesized in remarkably organized branched configurations and surprisingly long versions and can self-assemble into a plethora of structures. AFM imaging has been applied to study the outer mucilage obtained from wild-type (WT) and mutant (bxl1-3 and cesa5-1) Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. For WT mucilage, ordered, multichain structures of the polysaccharide RGI were observed, with a helical twist visible in favorable circumstances. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrated the stability of several possible multichain complexes and the possibility of twisted fibril formation. For bxl1-3 seeds, the imaged polymers clearly showed the presence of side chains. These were surprisingly regular and well organized with an average length of ∼100 nm and a spacing of ∼50 nm. The heights of the side chains imaged were suggestive of single polysaccharide chains, while the backbone was on average 4 times this height and showed regular height variations along its length consistent with models of multichain fibrils examined in MD. Finally, in mucilage extracts from cesa5-1 seeds, a minor population of chains in excess of 30 μm long was observed.

Pattern formation using polystyrene benzaldimine self‐assembled monolayer by soft X‐ray

A nanopatterning fabrication by soft X‐ray generated chemical construction of a polystyrene benzaldehydeimine monolayer has been carried out from the polystyrenebezaldehyde resin with (3‐aminopropyl) triethoxysilane for the first time. The molecular layer was exposed to soft X‐rays; the involved chemical modification on the monolayer was analyzed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy‐attenuated total internal reflectance and contact angle measurement. As a result, we could confirm that the imine monolayer was cleaved upon the soft X‐ray irradiation, leaving the hydrophobic part, the imine functionality was changed into a new nonhydrolysable, and the hydrophilic amine functionality was established from the unexposed imine monolayer through acid hydrolysis. This above phenomenon is used for the patterning of self‐assembled monolayers. The microscope images revealed patterns as small as ≤52.4 nm with regular height and phase variations.

Research on the Effects of Some Health Parameters of Regular Football Training

With this study, it is aimed to investigate whether there is an effect on having regular football training, body weight, height and BMI values as well as cholesterol, HDL, LDL, Iron, Calcium, Sodium, Mean Cell Volume (MCV), Hemoglobin (HGB), Mean Hemoglobin Volume (MCV) Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Platelet (PLT), Leukocyte-white blood cell (WBC) and Hematocrit (HCT). A total of 20 volunteer men, aged 25.31 ± 5.28 years, 10 of them playing football and ten Sedentary subjects, were included in the study. The average age of sports players playing football is 7.11 ± 72 years. Participants were taken to a health institution in the morning on an empty stomach and blood samples were taken. In addition, the subjects' height, body weight, and BMI were calculated. In the analysis of the obtained data, t test was used in SPSS 21 package program. At the end of the study, it was seen that there was a difference between body composition and body weight at p <0.05 and body length and BMI at p <0.01 level. In blood parameters, sodium and HTC values were found to be different in p <0.05 and p <0.01 levels in both groups. Other blood parameters were found to be significantly different between the groups (p <0.05).

Dendrochronological analysis of Sequoia sempervirens in an interior old-growth forest

Dendrochronological studies of large and old Sequoia sempervirens are limited by access and complex crossdating, but core sampling at regular height intervals along the main trunks of five standing trees allowed for reconstruction of growth, height, and age while providing within-tree replication for crossdating. We developed a crossdated ring-width chronology (1453–2015) for redwoods growing in an easternmost old-growth forest in the Napa Range of California, determined aboveground tree attributes, investigated the inter-annual climate-growth relationships since the late 19th century, and documented long-term growth trends. Age, height, f-DBH (functional diameter at breast height), and aboveground biomass of these co-dominant trees ranged from 241 to 783 years, 45.7 to 61.5 m, 117.0 to 226.9 cm, and 9.34 to 33.62 Mg, respectively. Bootstrapped correlation and response function analysis showed radial growth positively related to May through August Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) and negatively related to maximum June temperature (r ≥ │0.47│, P < 0.0001), explaining 33.3% of ring-width variation. Bootstrapped correlations over a moving 40-year window indicated strengthening relationships with PDSI and minimum temperature. The long-term growth trend, reflected by the size-detrended metric of residual wood volume increment (RWVI), varied over time and showed an average one-year decrease of 13.3% for 20th and 21st century droughts. A fire detected in August 1931 corresponded with a one-year decrease in RWVI of 43.1% followed by >100% increase within five years. Growth dynamics for redwoods in this interior forest provide a point of comparison for redwoods previously studied in old-growth forests along the latitudinal gradient, highlighting range-wide trends and site-specific differences in responses to climate and fire.

TOWERS IN FILTERS, CARDINAL INVARIANTS, AND LUZIN TYPE FAMILIES

AbstractWe investigate which filters onωcan contain towers, that is, a modulo finite descending sequence without any pseudointersection (in${[\omega ]^\omega }$). We prove the following results:(1)Many classical examples of nice tall filters contain no towers (in ZFC).(2)It is consistent that tall analytic P-filters contain towers of arbitrary regular height (simultaneously for many regular cardinals as well).(3)It is consistent that all towers generate nonmeager filters (this answers a question of P. Borodulin-Nadzieja and D. Chodounský), in particular (consistently) Borel filters do not contain towers.(4)The statement “Every ultrafilter contains towers.” is independent of ZFC (this improves an older result of K. Kunen, J. van Mill, and C. F. Mills).Furthermore, we study many possible logical (non)implications between the existence of towers in filters, inequalities between cardinal invariants of filters (${\rm{ad}}{{\rm{d}}^{\rm{*}}}\left( {\cal F} \right)$,${\rm{co}}{{\rm{f}}^{\rm{*}}}\left( {\cal F} \right)$,${\rm{no}}{{\rm{n}}^{\rm{*}}}\left( {\cal F} \right)$, and${\rm{co}}{{\rm{v}}^{\rm{*}}}\left( {\cal F} \right)$), and the existence of Luzin type families (of size$\ge {\omega _2}$), that is, if${\cal F}$is a filter then${\cal X} \subseteq {[\omega ]^\omega }$is an${\cal F}$-Luzin family if$\left\{ {X \in {\cal X}:|X \setminus F| = \omega } \right\}$is countable for every$F \in {\cal F}$.

Hubungan Kebiasaan Konsumsi Ikan dan Asupan Protein Hewani dengan Kejadian Stunting Batita di Pulau Pasaran Kotamadya Bandar Lampung

As the age and nutritional intake are lower than the need, and the high burden of infectious diseases in early life, most infants in Indonesia continue to experience a decline in nutritional status with peak decline at approximately 18-24 months of age. The prevalence of stunting in children year 2013 is 37.2%. Lampung Province is included into 15 provinces with a serious category or has a prevalence of =40 percent (Riskesdas, 2013). The purpose of this study is to identify the relation between fish consumption habits and animal protein intake with stunting in a toddler. This was a cross-sectional study with 49 toddlers as a sample who live in Pulau Pasaran Bandar Lampung. There was no significant relationship between the frequency of fish consumption (p = 1,000) and there was a significant relationship between the consumption of animal protein with the stunting(p = 0.002). It is necessary to establish a program of growth monitoring of children in the form of regular height measurement at least every 3 months in the second and third year and every 6 months in the fourth and fifth year at posyandu level with the assistance of nutritionist of puskesmas. It is also suggested that diversify the daily menu for toddlers is needed by adding some of the animal protein in snacks and main meals to increase consumption of animal protein.

Hydrodynamic performance of single–chamber and dual–chamber offshore–stationary Oscillating Water Column devices using CFD

The Oscillating Water Column (OWC) is considered to be one of the most promising Wave Energy Converter (WEC) concepts in terms of practicality, survivability and efficiency. To date, most research has focussed on single–chamber devices, but it is suggested that significant increases in energy extraction can be achieved from dual–chamber devices. This paper investigates, using well–validated 2D and 3D CFD models based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations and the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method, the hydrodynamic performance of various dual–chamber offshore–stationary OWC–WECs and compares the results to single–chamber OWC devices. The effect of chamber lip draught, chamber length in wave propagation direction and the power take–off (PTO) damping on the capture width ratio (power extraction efficiency) of each OWC device was studied over a wide range of wave periods for a constant regular wave height. It was found that all the parameters tested were important for the design of efficient OWC devices, and the dual–chamber device provided superior results to the single–chamber device, especially over the intermediate and long wave periods where the capture width ratio could be improved by a maximum of about 140%; hence extracting significantly more energy. The effectiveness of using the dual–chamber system was more obvious when 3D effects were considered. The findings of this paper contribute towards the design and operation of practical OWC devices for efficiently utilizing ocean waves to produce electricity.