Regression Coefficient Beta Research Articles

How does BMI correlate with menarche onset? Evidence from the Italian HBSC cross-sectional study

BackgroundMenarche is an important period in a female’s life; its time of onset may depend on various factors and could correlate with the development of diseases in adulthood. Our study aims to investigate the relationship between body mass index and age at onset of menarche;MethodsWe used a unique standardized national dataset on adolescent girls participating in the Italian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study. Two independent nationally representative survey datasets: one on 15-year-olds (n = 6505, year 2017/2018) and one on 11-year-olds (n = 6548, year 2013/2014) were analysed. The survey instrument was the self-report questionnaire. Median age at menarche and 95% confidence intervals were estimated through Kaplan–Meier analysis. Hierarchical models assessed the relationship between BMI and age at menarche;ResultsRegion-level median age at menarche ranged between 12 years/5 months and 13 years/4 months. Region-level prevalence of overweight among 15-year-old girls ranged between 6% and 24%. Age at menarche was inversely associated with individual BMI (unstandardized regression coefficient beta=-0.81; 95% CI, -0.92 to -0.70). Individual-level and class-level measures of BMI accounted for 215.2% of the region-level variance in age at menarche;ConclusionsThe results show that girls who were overweight during childhood went through early puberty. Further investigation needs to assess a possible cause-effect relationship.

Towards sustainable development at full-service restaurants in west Malaysia

The food and beverage sector played a big part in contributing to the economic growth in Malaysia hence there was a major increase in the numbers of restaurants opening up for businesses. This study therefore examines factors with the aims of ensuring a sustainable development in full-service restaurants in West Malaysia. The results of this study have made a substantial contribution to restaurant owner’s’ comprehension of the fundamental components that underlie customer satisfaction and loyalty. By examining the moderating effect of the customer’s gender in full-service restaurants in West Malaysia, the objective of this study was to ascertain the relationships between the three variables (quality of the food served at the restaurant, service quality, and environment), as well as the degree to which each attribute was able to relate to diner satisfaction. The underpinning theory for this study was the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Quantitative methods according to descriptive research and convenience sample strategy were utilized in this cross-sectional study. Questionnaires were distributed to 264 respondents through various online platforms such as WhatsApp, Telegram, Facebook, and email. Data collection was evaluated using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27. In order to examine the connection between the three factors and diner’s satisfaction, various tests such as the multiple regression analysis, One-way ANOVA and Beta Coefficient test were carried out. The findings gave current restaurant owners and potential restaurant owners an overview of the different attributes influencing diner’s satisfaction at full-service restaurants in West Malaysia and also the extent of the moderating effect of diner’s gender had on each attribute. The outcome of this paper is expected to provide a sustainable growth in this industry.

Evaluation of a Specialist Nurse-Led Post-Coronary Heart Disease Support Program: A Prospective Pre–Post Interventional Study

Introduction: The impact of multidisciplinary supervised cardiac rehabilitation programs on reducing the risk of having heart problems in the future is well documented. However, little is known about nurse-led post-coronary heart disease (post-CHD). Purpose: Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational and counseling-structured nurse-led post-CHD support program by assessing the prediction of psychological, behavioral and dietary variables in relation to adherence to a care plan in a single hospital in Athens (Greece). Method: A prospective follow-up comparative approach in a single group of CHD patients was applied. The structured nurse-led program included eight topics (management of anxiety, physical activity, dietary habits, weight control, smoking cessation, alcohol moderation, family engagement and adherence to a care plan). Participants received tailored nursing interventions focused on psychological and behavioral needs and dietary habits by a CHD-specialized nurse based on patients’ medical prescriptions and/or instructions. A modified clinical assessment questionnaire by the European Society of Cardiology was applied to identify pre–post clinical baseline measurements. A nurse-led post-coronary Heart Disease Support Program was evaluated by assessing the predictivity (effect) of specific interventions on adherence to a care plan by employing a logistic regression beta coefficient (Generalized Estimating Equations model). Results: The sample consisted of 275 patients (66.2% male), with a mean age of 68.5 ± 12.5 years old. CHD patients presented significantly lower anxiety rates (54.27 [1st m] vs. 49.63 [2nd m], p < 0.05). In addition, significant differences were observed between the first and the second measurements of total cholesterol (163.27 [1rst m] vs. 134.44 [2nd m], p < 0.001), BMI (obesity) (33.69 [1rst m] vs. 32.79 [2nd m], p < 0.001), smoking (42.18 [1rst m] vs. 22.55 [2nd m], p < 0.001) and adherence to a care plan (78.90 [1rst m] vs. 89.10 [2nd m], p < 0.001). A Generalized Estimating Equations model revealed that participants with higher levels of anxiety showed significantly lower adherence to a care plan (beta −0.10, p < 0.001) and those with family history of CHD (beta −0.71, p = 0.04) in comparison to those with no CHD history. No significant differences were observed in the predictive variables of smoking (beta 0.08, p = 0.69), alcohol consumption (beta 0.09, p = 0.79) and family engagement (beta −0.11, p = 069) with respect to adherence to a care plan, even after adjusting for age, sex and history of CHD. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the nurse-led post-CHD support program was found to be partially feasible and effective in our single-group study, emphasizing the need for effective training and retention strategies to enhance the specialization of nurses providing post-CHD care and support.

Risk score for two-year mortality following carotid endarterectomy performed for symptomatic stenosis.

The purpose of this study is to identify variables at the time of clinical presentation that place patients at higher risk for mortality following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for symptomatic lesions. Further, this study will create a risk score for mortality within 2 years following CEA for symptomatic stenosis to help tailor future postoperative and long-term management by identifying patients who require heightened vigilance in postoperative care to facilitate survival. The Vascular Quality Initiative CEA module was queried for procedures performed for symptomatic (within 180days) carotid bifurcation stenosis. After exclusions, 24,713 met study inclusion. Univariable analysis for the binary outcome of mortality within 2 years of surgery was performed with χ2 testing for categorical variables and Student t-test for ordinal variables. Multivariable binary logistic regression was then performed utilizing variables that achieved univariable significance (P< .05) for the outcome. Variables with a multivariable P value ≤ .05 were included in the risk score and weighted based on their respective regression beta-coefficient in a point scale. Variables with a beta-coefficient of less than .25 were assigned 1 point, and then a point was added for each rise in beta-coefficient at .25 intervals. The risk score was then tested utilizing 20,668 patients deemed to be of acceptable surgical risk who underwent carotid stenting for symptomatic disease in the Vascular Quality Initiative. Variables that achieved multivariable significance (P<.05) towards the outcome of mortality within 2 years of symptomatic CEA that were included in the risk score were: home status within the top 20% of area deprivation index (most disadvantaged) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.20); female sex (aOR, 1.157); body mass index<20kg/m2 (aOR, 1.49); any history of tobacco smoking (aOR, 1.39); coronary artery disease (aOR, 1.47); history of congestive heart failure (aOR, 1.47); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aOR, 1.45); baseline renal insufficiency (aOR, 1.46); end-stage renal disease dialysis status at presentation (aOR, 2.38); American Society of Anesthesiology class 4 operative risk designation (aOR, 1.33); diabetes mellitus (aOR, 1.16); anemia (aOR, 2.09); history of peripheral artery intervention (aOR, 1.20); history of major lower extremity amputation (aOR, 1.93); prior CEA or carotid stenting (aOR, 1.32); escalating preoperative modified Rankin score (aOR, 4.46); and escalating age (aOR, 1.04/year). A steep escalation was noted from 2-year mortality rates of<4% for patients with risk scores of ≤4 to >35% for patients with scores of ≥17. Hosmer and Lemeshow goodness of fit testing for the multivariable regression analysis revealed an overall accuracy of 93.1% for the model, with 99.9% accuracy in predicting survival. Model testing in the symptomatic carotid stenting cohort revealed excellent correlation with no statistical difference in the mortality rate at 16 of the 19 risk score data points and a near identical mortality escalation pattern with rising risk score. When applied to the validation cohort, the risk score had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.70 and a Hosmer-Lemeshow overall accuracy of 91.3%. A risk score with quality accuracy in determining 2-year survival after CEA performed for symptomatic stenosis has been developed. Severity of preoperative stroke, dialysis status, baseline anemia, advancing age, low body weight, and cardiopulmonary comorbidities are the most deleterious variables negatively impacting survival. The score has utility in patient shared decision-making and expectation counseling.

Organic food consumption during pregnancy and symptoms of neurodevelopmental disorders at 8 years of age in the offspring: the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)

BackgroundPartially driven by public concerns about modern food production practices, organic food has gained popularity among consumers. However, the impact of organic food consumption during pregnancy on offspring health is scarcely studied. We aimed to investigate the association between maternal intake of organic food during pregnancy and symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring at 8 years of age.MethodsThis study was based on the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (MBRN). The total study sample included 40,707 mother–child pairs (children born 2002–2009). Organic food consumption during pregnancy was assessed by six questions from a food frequency questionnaire in mid-pregnancy (sum score 0–18). Symptoms of ADHD and ASD in the offspring aged 8 years were measured by ADHD (0–54) and ASD (0–39) symptom scores based on the Parent/Teacher Rating Scale for Disruptive Behaviour disorders and the Social Communication Questionnaire. Associations between maternal intake of organic food during pregnancy and symptoms of ADHD and ASD in the offspring were analyzed using regression models with adjustment for covariates such as maternal anxiety and depression, including sibling analysis.ResultsMean ADHD and ASD symptom scores in the offspring differed only slightly by maternal intake of organic food. The covariate-adjusted unstandardized regression coefficient (adjusted(Adj)beta) with 95% confidence interval for the ADHD symptom score with one unit increase in organic food sum score was 0.03 (0.01, 0.05). Similarly, Adjbeta for autism symptom score was 0.07 (0.04, 0.10). For ADHD, the adjusted estimates weakened when adjusting for maternal symptoms of ADHD. The sibling analyses showed no significant results with Adjbeta − 0.07 (− 0.15, 0.01) and − 0.001 (− 0.12, 0.12) for ADHD and ASD outcomes, respectively.ConclusionsWe observed weak positive associations between frequent maternal organic food consumption during pregnancy and offspring ADHD and ASD symptom levels at 8 years of age. This trend weakened or disappeared after adjusting for maternal symptoms of ADHD, and in sibling analyses, suggesting that the associations mainly reflect genetic confounding. Our study indicates that consumption of organic food during pregnancy should neither be considered a risk factor nor protective against symptoms of ADHD and ASD in offspring.

THE ADOPTION OF AI-DRIVEN CHATBOTS INTO A RECOMMENDATION FOR E-COMMERCE SYSTEMS TO TARGETED CUSTOMER IN THE SELECTION OF PRODUCT

The research looks into the Adoption of AI-Driven chatbots into a recommendation for E-Commerce systems to targeted customer in the selection of product, particularly their function in product selection and overall customer experience. The study is based on five assumptions: improved product selection accuracy, increased user happiness, influence on customer engagement and purchase decisions, enhanced user experience and retention rates, and effect on consumer trust. The findings show that AI-powered chatbots greatly improve product selection accuracy, with a regression weight of 0.693 and a beta coefficient of 0.480, representing a 48% improvement per unit of implementation. User satisfaction has also significantly improved, as evidenced by a regression weight of 0.897 and a beta coefficient of 0.840, both with high statistical significance. Chatbots have a favourable impact on consumer engagement and purchasing decisions, as indicated by substantial regression weights and beta coefficients for each variable. AI chatbots improve user experience and retention, as evidenced by high regression weights and R² values. Finally, chatbots improve customer trust, with a regression weight of 0.447 and a beta coefficient of 0.200. Overall, the study shows that AI-powered chatbots significantly increase several aspects of e-commerce, including product selection accuracy, user pleasure, engagement, retention, and trust.

Analisis Penggunaan Transaksi QRIS, Permodalan dan Literasi Digital dalam Memengaruhi Pendapatan UMKM Kuliner di Kota Denpasar

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are business groups that play a very significant role in the Indonesian economy, with the number of micro business actors estimated to be mostly engaged in the informal sector. This study aims to determine the influence of QRIS, capital, and digital literacy on the income of MSMEs in Denpasar. The research variable used was a dependent variable, namely the income of culinary MSMEs, while the independent variable used was the use of QRIS transactions, capital, and digital literacy. The sample from this study uses a non-probability sampling method, namely accidental sampling. The population in this study is culinary MSME actors in the city of Denpasar who are registered with the Denpasar City Cooperatives and MSMEs Office until the end of 2019 which totals 9,635 MSMEs with a sample of 99 which is calculated using the Slovin formula. The test uses multiple linear analysis, namely the simultaneous regression coefficient significance test (F test) and the partial regression beta coefficient significance test (t test). The results of the study show that 1). The simultaneous use of QRIS transactions, capital, and digital literacy has a significant effect on the income of culinary MSMEs in Denpasar City, 2). The use of QRIS transactions, capital, and digital literacy partially has a positive and significant effect on the income of culinary MSMEs in Denpasar City.

Does corporate social responsibility dimensions effects on employees’ satisfaction and retention for sustainability?

This study investigates the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dimensions and employees’ satisfaction and retention for sustainability in banks. Four components (economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic) are analyzed CSR activities and their effects on employee’s satisfaction and retention in the company. Purposive and convenient sampling method was used to get the information from 221 participants. The entire form of the dataset is utilized to execute regression and correlation analysis using SPSS. In order to find out the relationship between economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic factors and employee’s satisfaction and retention, regression beta coefficient and correlation were used to analyze. This study also examines the relationship between job satisfaction and intentions to retain with an organization. The findings demonstrate that the CSR aspects of ethical and philanthropic have a considerable and favorable influence on employee’s satisfaction. The outcome also demonstrates a good and prominent influence of legal CSR on the satisfaction of employee’s to retain with the firm. Moreover, this study demonstrates that economic aspect of CSR has no significant impact on employee’s retention and satisfaction. Correlation analysis depicts that economic CSR is positively and significantly connected with employee’s retention and satisfaction. This research came to the conclusion that enhancing employees view regarding CSR activities such as economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic will increase employee’s satisfaction. Therefore, executives and managers in the banks should take steps to influence how employees see CSR areas in order to raise employee’s satisfaction and retention in the banks for sustainability.

Socioeconomic disadvantage is a leading variable in risk score for major amputation following emergent infrainguinal arterial bypass surgery

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to identify patients at particularly high risk for major amputation after emergent infrainguinal bypass to help tailor postoperative and long-term patient management. MethodsIn the Vascular Quality Initiative, we identified 2126 patients who underwent emergent infrainguinal artery bypass. Two primary outcomes were investigated: major ipsilateral amputation above the ankle level during the index hospitalization and major amputation above the ankle at any time after emergent infrainguinal bypass surgery (perioperative and postdischarge combined). Binary logistic regression analysis was performed for each outcome using variables that achieved a univariable P value of ≤.10. We then determined which variables have a multivariable association for the outcomes as defined by a regression P value of ≤.05. A risk score was then created for the outcome of amputation after emergent infrainguinal bypass using weighted beta-coefficient. Variables with a multivariable P value of ≤.05 were included in the risk score and weighted based on their respective regression beta-coefficient in a point scale. ResultsOverall, 17.1% of patients (368/2126) underwent major amputation at some point in follow-up after emergent infrainguinal artery bypass. The mean follow-up duration on the amputation variable was 261 days with the end point being time of amputation or time of last follow-up data on the amputation variable. Variables with a significant multivariable association (P < .05) with major amputation at any point after emergent infrainguinal arterial bypass were home status in top 10% (most deprived) of Area Deprivation Index, prior infrainguinal ipsilateral arterial bypass, prior ipsilateral endovascular arterial intervention, prosthetic bypass conduit, postoperative skin/soft tissue infection, and postoperative need to revise or thrombectomize bypass. Pertinent negatives on multivariable analysis included all baseline comorbidities, insurance status, race, and gender. There is steep progression in amputation rate ranging from 5% at scores of 0 and 1 to >60% for scores in of >10. Area under the curve analysis revealed a value of 0.706. ConclusionsPatients living in the most disadvantaged socioeconomic neighborhoods have an increased risk of amputation after emergent infrainguinal arterial bypass independent of baseline comorbidities and perioperative events. Baseline comorbidities are not impactful regarding amputation rates after emergent infrainguinal bypass surgery. The need for bypass revision or thrombectomy during the index hospitalization is the most impactful factor toward amputation after emergency bypass. A risk score with quality accuracy has been developed to help identify patients at particularly high likelihood of limb loss, which may aid in counseling regarding heightened vigilance in postoperative and long-term follow-up care.

Pengaruh Penyesuaian Diri Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa Di Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

This study aims to investigate the effect of adjustment on student motivation at Sebelas Maret University. Quantitative research method with causality design was used to collect data from 40 students using accidental sampling method. Research instruments include self-adjustment scales and learning motivation scales that have been tested for validity and reliability. The results of a simple linear regression analysis showed that self-adjustment had a significant effect on student learning motivation (p-value = 0.000). The regression coefficient (Beta) indicates the magnitude of the change in learning motivation if self-adjustment increases by 1 point, while the coefficient of determination (R square) indicates that self-adjustment has an effect of 43.5% on learning motivation, with 56.5% influenced by other variables. The suggestion for future research is to consider the addition of other variables that influence learning motivation and extend this research to different educational contexts. These findings make an important contribution to the understanding of the factors that influence student motivation.

Risk score for one-year mortality following emergent infra-inguinal bypass

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to identify variables that place patients at higher risk for mortality following emergent infra-inguinal bypass. Further, this study will create a risk score for mortality following emergent infra-inguinal bypass to help tailor postoperative and long-term patient management. MethodsIn the Vascular Quality Initiative, we identified 2126 patients who underwent emergent infra-inguinal artery bypass. Two primary outcomes were investigated: 30 day mortality following emergent infra-inguinal bypass; and 1-year mortality following emergent infra-inguinal bypass. The first step in analysis was univariable analysis for each outcome with χ2 analysis for categorical variables and Student t-test for comparison of means of ordinal variables. Next, binary logistic regression analysis was performed for each outcome utilizing variables that achieved a univariable P value ≤ .10. Factors with a multivariable P value ≤ .05 were included in the risk score, and points were weighted and assigned based on the respective regression beta-coefficient in the multivariable regression. ResultsVariables with a significant multivariable association (P < .05) with 1-year mortality were: increasing age; body mass index less than 20 kg/m2; coronary artery disease; active hemodialysis at time of presentation; anemia at admission; prosthetic conduit for emergent bypass; postoperative myocardial infarction; postoperative acute renal insufficiency; perioperative stroke; baseline non-ambulatory status; new onset hemodialysis requirement perioperatively; need for bypass revision or thrombectomy during index admission; lack of statin prescription at discharge; lack of antiplatelet medication at discharge; and, lack of anticoagulation at time of hospital discharge. Pertinent negatives included all sociodemographic variables including rural living status, insurance status, and Area Deprivation Index home area. The risk score achieved an area under the curve of 0.820, and regression analysis of the risk score achieved an overall accuracy of 87.9% with 97.7% accuracy in predicting survival, indicating the model performs better in determining which patients will survive rather than precisely determining who will experience 1-year mortality. ConclusionsDischarge medications are the primary modifiable variable impacting survival after emergent infra-inguinal bypass surgery. In the absence of contraindication, all these patients should be discharged on antiplatelet, statin, and anticoagulant medications after emergent infra-inguinal bypass as they significantly enhance survival. Social determinants of health do not impact survival among patients treated with emergent infra-inguinal bypass at Vascular Quality Initiative centers. A risk score for mortality at 1 year after emergent infra-inguinal bypass has been created that has excellent accuracy.

The Determinants of Oromia police crime prevention in selected zones of the Oromia Regional state

ThestudyaimedtoexplorethefactorsinfluencingOromiapolicecrimepreventioninspecific zones of the Oromia regional state. It hypothesized that police logistics, motivation, perception, corruption, and training and development significantly impact crime prevention performance. The research used a quantitative approach and an explanatory design by collecting primary data from selected zones of the Oromia regional state through survey questionnaires.388questionnairesweredistributedtorespondents,and372 were completed. The data was analyzed using mean and standard deviation, and the dependent variable was projected using multi linear regression beta coefficients for all independent variables. The study reveals that most respondents in the selected zones of Oromia regional state police disagree with the current police logistics, stating they lack infrastructure, necessary equipment, and technology for effective crime prevention. They also believe basic human needs like home, food, uniforms, and a salary are insufficient. Public cooperation, perceptions of the police, and commitment to crime prevention are moderate, while police corruption and training practices are moderate. The study suggests that if these factors continue, crimeprevention performance could be hazardous and potentiallyincrease societal compliance toward safety and good governance. The government should raise financing for police equipment, develop motivational strategies, improve loyalty, and establish anti-corruption organizations. Off-the-job training for crime prevention heads should be provided twice a year. Keywords: crime prevention, corruption, motivation, perception, police logistics, training, and development

Exploring Narcissism in Suicidal Ideation Using the Italian Version of the Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale.

Several theoretical and clinical observations lead to the hypothesis that pathological narcissism could be associated with suicide ideation due to the difficulty in regulating shame in a functional way. The present study investigated the roles of guilt, shame and rivalry in the relationship between pathological narcissism and suicidal ideation. A set of self-report questionnaires was completed by a sample of 936 Italian adults. These included the Italian version of the Guilt and Shame Proneness (GASP) scale, the Pathological Narcissism Inventory, the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation, and the Narcissism Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire. A structural equation model that tested the factorial structure of the GASP and its invariance produced satisfactory results. Moreover, shame was a significant factor in the relationship between narcissism grandiosity and suicidal ideation. However, beta regression coefficients were low. These findings suggest that despite clinicians should consider the presence of suicidal ideation in patients with pathological narcissism and their maladaptive regulation of shame, the relationship between these variables is complex and deserve further investigation.

Regression analysis of the effect of party education and management on organizational cohesion

Abstract This paper divides organizational cohesion into dimensions, establishes a model of the relationship between party-building work and organizational cohesion, carries out statistics on the overall situation of the party’s work, and also measures the three dimensions of organizational cohesion - emotion, goal, and behavior - respectively, and subdivides the specific dimensions of the influencing factors. Then, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to explore the strength of the relationship between party education and management work and organizational cohesion sub-correlation and to analyze the differences of party work on the strength of different organizational cohesion from the three factors of gender, political appearance, and grade level of attendance. Finally, organizational resources, number of projects, and organizational autonomy are selected as independent variables, and organizational cohesion is the dependent variable to establish a multiple linear regression model to explore the relationship between each single factor and organizational cohesion. The standardized partial regression coefficients beta of the three variables “organizational size,” “number of projects,” and “organizational autonomy” have larger absolute values, respectively 0.236, −0.096, 0.127, which has a significant relationship with organizational cohesion, in line with the relationship model between party building education and management work and organizational cohesion, strengthening the autonomy management of party building organizations and building the scale of party building organizations can improve the cohesion of party building organizations.

An investigation on the application of Ridge regression model in the optimization of virtual practice teaching innovation path of Civics and Politics courses in colleges and universities

Abstract Civic and political affairs course is a key course for colleges and universities to implement the fundamental task of cultivating people with moral character, and the rapid development of network technology and the information age has had a direct impact on the Civic and political affairs course in colleges and universities. This paper puts forward the optimization path of virtual practice teaching for Civic and Political Science courses in colleges and universities from three aspects: establishing a virtual simulation practice teaching website for Civic and Political Science courses in colleges and universities, constructing a virtual simulation practice teaching information resource base for Civic and Political Science courses and optimizing the content system of virtual simulation practice teaching for Civic and Political Science courses. In order to verify the effect of virtual practice teaching, this paper proposes a new determination method as well as a Ridge regression model for the selection of Ridge parameter K in the Ridge trace method by analyzing the existence of Ridge parameter K and the excellence of Ridge estimation. The Ridge regression model was used to examine the impact of virtual teaching on college Civics and Politics classes and found that the standardized regression coefficient beta for the virtual teaching environment is 0.113, showing significant performance. For the virtual practice teaching of Civic and Political Science classes in colleges and universities, the better the virtual teaching environment is, the better the classroom learning effect.

Quality of life of elementary school students with sleep-disordered breathing and allergic rhinitis: A population-based study in Thailand.

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and allergic rhinitis (AR) are common problems that can lead to worsening quality of life (QOL) in children with these conditions. There is scarce evidence on the QOL of children with SDB outside of the hospital setting with inconsistent evidence on the association of AR and QOL concerning the SDB in children. Thus, the primary objective of this study is to determine the QOL concerning the SDB of elementary school students by using OSA-18. We also aim to provide the relationship of allergic rhinitis to the QOL. A cross-sectional study was conducted on all elementary school students, aged 6-12 years, from 10 elementary schools. The QOL of all participants was evaluated by the Thai version of the caregiver-administered OSA-18 questionnaire. The simple and multiple linear regression models were used to determine the effect of allergic rhinitis on the OSA-18 total scores. A total of 3,053 children were included in the final analysis, 50.1% male. At least a moderate impact on QOL from SDB was observed in 9.4% of the population. Children with AR had significantly higher mean total OSA- 18 scores than the children without AR (47.5 ± 15.0 VS 38.5 ± 13.1, p < 0.001). After the adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, household income, and history of asthma, the point estimate of the adjusted beta regression coefficient on the OSA-18 total score in children with AR was 7.82 (95% CI: 6.00-9.65, p < 0.001). Significant associations were observed between AR and all domains except for emotional distress. A substantial number of elementary school children had at least a moderate impact on the QOL from SDB, especially those with AR. Thus, effective screening of SDB in children with AR should be done to improve the QOL of these children.

Determinants of Efficient Healthcare Service Delivery Among Public Hospitals in Kenya: A Case of Makueni County Referral Hospital

Purpose: The primary goal of the study was to determine the factors that contributed to an efficient healthcare service delivery in Makueni County Referral Hospital, Makueni County. The study specifically aimed at establishing the influence of health infrastructure, the effects of human capital and organizational culture on the efficiency of healthcare service delivery in Makueni County Referral Hospital. Methodology: The study employed a descriptive research design, targeting 132 outpatient department staff at Makueni County Referral Hospital. Stratified sampling and Likert-scale structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages, and SPSS version 22 for multiple regression analysis. Findings: Results were presented using charts and graphs. For healthcare infrastructure, a strong positive correlation was found (r = 0.604**, p &lt; 0.01), indicating that as infrastructure quality improves, healthcare service efficiency increases. The regression coefficient of healthcare infrastructure (Beta = 0.604, p &lt; 0.001) reinforces the importance of investments. Regarding human capital, the Pearson correlation shows a robust positive correlation (r = 0.588**, p &lt; 0.01), indicating that a skilled workforce enhances efficiency. The regression coefficient (Beta = 0.588, p &lt; 0.001) signifies the impact of education and training. For Pearson Correlation on organizational culture, a significant positive correlation was detected (r = 0.526**, p &lt; 0.01), highlighting its role in improving healthcare efficiency. The regression coefficient (Beta = 0.526, p &lt; 0.001) emphasizes the importance of fostering a positive culture. The study concludes that inadequate healthcare infrastructure, storage deficiencies, and the absence of Quality Control Systems significantly hamper efficient healthcare delivery. The study also affirms the crucial role of human capital in efficient healthcare delivery, with staff training, teamwork, and competency directly influencing service efficiency. The study further establishes the vital role of organizational culture in efficient healthcare delivery, emphasizing the need for healthcare institutions to cultivate a culture prioritizing efficiency and quality to enhance service delivery. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice, and Policy: The study recommends improving medical storage capabilities through efficient inventory management and staff training can ensure the timely availability of essential supplies. Concerning human capital, fostering effective teamwork and collaboration among healthcare staff is critical for streamlined service delivery. Regarding organizational culture, the study recommends addressing concerns related to planning, cooperation, adherence to guidelines, and staff support.

Sleep Quality and Mental Health in Students at a Jungle University in Peru: A Cross-sectional Study During COVID-19 Pandemic Confinement

ObjectiveThe objective was to evaluate the association between sleep quality and mental health in students at a jungle university in Peru. Materials and methodsAn analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on university students ≥18 years old during September and November 2020. Mental health status was measured with General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and sleep quality with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The association was assessed using linear regression models, and crude (βc) and adjusted (βa) beta regression coefficients with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated. ResultsTwo hundred and seventy-nine students were evaluated, 35.1% were 20–21 years old and 56.6% were male. The mean PSQI was 7.9±3.2, and 75.3% presented sleep problems. The mean GHQ-12 was 14.0±6.6, and 57.7% showed suspected psychopathology. The total sleep quality score (βa=0.36; 95% CI: 0.11–0.61; p=0.005), as well as, higher component scores, subjective sleep quality (βa=1.57; 95% CI: 0.28–2.87; p=0.018), sleep duration (βa=1.25; 95% CI: 0.35–2.16; p=0.007), hypnotic medication use (βa=1.79; 95% CI: 0.43–3.15; p=0.010), and daytime dysfunction (βa=1.15; 95% CI: 0.10–2.19; p=0.032), were associated with worse mental health status score. ConclusionAfter 6 months of initiation of COVID-19 confinement, the frequency of sleep disturbance and mental health were elevated. Sleep quality disturbance was associated with worse mental health status.

Analysis of factors influencing indoor thermal environment in passive houses in Plateau regions based on regression model

How to make full use of geographical advantage to improve the indoor thermal environment of passive buildings in plateau area has become a hot topic, which is of great significance for building energy conservation and thermal engineering design of passive buildings. This study took a residential house in Lhasa, Tibetas as the research object, obtained indoor air temperature distribution through field measurement. A multiple regression model was used to explore the influence of outdoor meteorological factors on indoor thermal environment. Results showed that the temperature near the south window was the highest mostly higher than 16 °C, and the vertical temperature gradient was higher than 7.5 °C with the solar radiation and outdoor temperature gradually raised during daytime. Besides, the vertical temperature difference is less than 3 °C as the distance from the south window increases, and the air temperature gradually goes down. The standardized regression coefficient (Beta) illustrated that solar radiation has the greatest influence on the indoor thermal environment compared with the outdoor temperature. Therefore, for direct gain passive buildings in Tibetan areas, the potential of reasonably setting transparent heat generation structures to improve the indoor thermal environment is far greater than that of improving the thermal insulation of non-transparent enclosures.

Early menarche and overweight: evidence from the Italian Health Behaviour School-aged Children Study

Abstract Background Globally, the prevalence of obesity has increased in the last years and tends to be higher in richer countries. Overweight (including obesity) interests all the ages, including childhood and adolescence. Our study aimed to investigate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and age at menarche. Methods We used a unique standardized national dataset on adolescent girls (21 regions) participating in the Italian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study (HBSC). HBSC is a European surveillance supported by WHO, conducted every 4 years. Two independent nationally representative survey datasets: one on 15-year-olds (n = 6907 year 2017/2018) and one on 11-year-olds (n = 9506 year 2013/2014) were analysed. The survey instrument was the self-report questionnaire. Median age at menarche and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by means of Kaplan-Meier analysis. Hierarchical models were used to assess the relationship between BMI and age at menarche (months). “Region-level obesity” was measured as the prevalence of overweight/obesity (%) in each region. We evaluated the relationship with socioeconomic status (SES) through the Family Affluence Scale. Results Region-level median age at menarche ranged between 12 years/5 months and 13 years/4 months. Region-level prevalence of overweight among 15-year-old girls ranged between 6% and 24%. Age at menarche was inversely associated with individual BMI (unstandardized regression coefficient beta= -0.81; 95% CI, -0.92 to -0.70). Individual and class-level measures of BMI accounted for 215.2% of the region-level variance in age at menarche. The coefficient of Family Affluence differed significantly 0.25 (0.09 to 0.41). Conclusions Our results show that being overweighted in pre-adolescence is associated with the early puberty. Strong social inequalities were observed, with adolescents from lower SES are likely to be overweight or obese In line with all the other European countries. Key messages • Weight status can influence menarche. • Policies to reduce socioeconomic inequalities are needed to prevent health problems.