In the scientific article the author conducts a comprehensive study of the peculiarities of legal regulation of property rights under the legislation in force in the Ukrainian lands, which were part of the Russian Empire in the first half of the nineteenth century. rights, including the “Collection of the Rights of Little Russia”, the Civil Code and the Code of Local Laws of the Western Provinces. As a result of research, the author concludes that the development of the institution of property rights, as well as the codification process in the first half of the nineteenth century. accompanied on Ukrainian lands by significant state and social changes. Depending on how social relations developed and statehood was born, values also changed, priorities expanded, and property increasingly needed legal protection and security. A complex codification process was needed to clearly ensure and legally regulate property and property relations. In particular, the work of 1804–1807 on the systematization of Ukrainian legislation led to the streamlining of the collection of norms, which went down in history as the “Collection of Little Russian Rights” in 1807. This document was a significant contribution to the formation, formation and provision of the foundations for the development of codification law in the Russian Empire in the XIX century. This normative act corresponded not only to the features of clarity and consistency of presentation of material, which was not inherent in imperial law, but also, above all, the goal of legal support was achieved. Subsequently, drafts of the Civil Code and the Code of Local Laws of the Western Provinces of 1837 were issued, which defined the types of property rights, as well as clearly delineated the powers of possession and disposal with property rights, which were absent in previous systematic collections of law. These processes ended with the publication in 1842 of the Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire – a document whose rules governed social relations in the Ukrainian lands during the second half of the nineteenth century and the first third of the twentieth century.