Registration District Research Articles

Analysis Of The Quality Of Public Services In The Implementing Unit Of Population And Civil Registration In Cipayung Sub-District, East Jakarta

The service of the Population and Civil Registration Implementation Unit of Cipayung Village, regardless of how good it is, does not necessarily have perfection. There are still shortcomings in the implementation process, and based on observations, problems are found that hinder the service process. This study uses qualitative methods that aim to analyze: (1) the quality of public services in the population and civil registration district in Cipayung Village; (2) supporting factors and obstacles to services in the population and civil registration district in Cipayung Village; and (3) efforts made in overcoming obstacles. Qualitative research is a study that aims to describe events and phenomena that occur in the field and present data systematically, factually, and accurately regarding the facts that occur in the field. The results of this study show that: (1) The quality of public services in the Population and Civil Registration Service in Cipayung Village has been applied to the dimensions of tangibleness, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and emphaticness along with their indicators. However, it has not fully met the expectations of the community as users of the service. Among other things, the lack of friendly employees and the uncomfortable waiting room are lacking in meeting the criteria for indicators of the quality of public services in the Population and Civil Registration Satpel in Cipayung Village; (2) factors hindering the implementation of public services in the Population and Civil Registration Satpel in Cipayung Village are the lack of employee resources and dependence on one of the supporters of service infrastructure, namely the KTP stamp used for printing ID cards, which must wait from the central government; (3) the efforts made in overcoming obstacles are to ask for the help of officers in the village, provide training to each other's fellow employees, and always coordinate with related parties.

The Effect of Work Stress and Work Environment on Work Spirit through Discipline Work in the Service of Population and Civil Registration District Labuhan Batu

The Effect of Work Stress and Work Environment on Work Spirit through Discipline Work in the Service of Population and Civil Registration District Labuhan Batu

The Effect of Work Stress and Work Environment on Work Spirit through Discipline Work in the Service of Population and Civil Registration District Labuhan Batu

An organization in carrying out its activities to achieve the desired goals needs good management, especially human resources. Human resources are the main capital in planning, organizing, directing and driving factors that exist within a company. Good human resource management is expected to be able to produce optimal performance for the organization. This study aims to determine whether work stress and work environment affect employee morale through work discipline as an intervening variable at the Labuhanbatu District Education Office . The research was conducted on 36 employees using a saturated sampling technique. The data collection technique used was primary data in the form of questionnaires and secondary data obtained through documentation studies. The data analysis technique used quantitative data which was processed using the SPSS version 25 program, namely the t test, Sobel test and path analysis. The results obtained in this study show 1) there is a significant effect between work stress on work discipline , 2) there is a significant effect between work environment variables on work discipline , 3) there is a significant effect between work stress variables on morale , 4) there is a significant effect between work environment variables on work morale , 5) there is a significant influence between work discipline variables on work morale , 6) work discipline variables cannot influence work stress variables on morale , 7) work discipline variables cannot influence work environment variables on morale.

Avoiding Attention? Assessing the Reasons for Register Office Weddings in Victorian England and Wales

The option of getting married in a register office was introduced by the Marriage Act 1836, and over the course of Victoria’s reign over a million couples availed themselves of it. Yet surprisingly little is known about them. This article analyses information about 286 register office weddings celebrated between 1837 and 1901, with examples from 40 counties and 151 different registration districts. It shows that, while those marrying in a register office were drawn from across the social scale and of a median age broadly in line with the national average, brides and grooms from older age groups were overrepresented, reflecting the fact that a higher percentage of marriages in the register office were remarriages for one or both of the parties. Further analysis of their marital histories shows that earlier or subsequent weddings had often taken place in a church, indicating that marriage in a register office cannot be interpreted as evidence of an ideological preference for civil marriage. Some couples chose to marry in a register office because of a desire to keep the wedding private. Others did so because of practical considerations of location, cost, and speed, but these were dependent on the local context and were not static over time. As this indicates, in assessing the reasons for register office weddings, it is important to locate it in the context of an individual’s life history.

Spatial comparison of herald and main waves in London's nineteenth-century cholera epidemics.

Nineteenth-century London experienced four extraordinarily severe summertime cholera epidemics. Three were preceded by less severe non-summer outbreaks. Twenty-first-century research hypothesizes them as herald waves of potentially new cholera strains. This study examined the geographical characteristics of these herald waves and compared them to their subsequent main waves to determine if there was a geographical component to the significant difference in wave severity. Cholera mortality data for London's parishes and registration districts were extracted from contemporaneous records. The data were normalized and scaled. Each epidemic wave was divided into two segments for analysis. A Spearman's rank correlation was used to assess the relationship between a herald and its subsequent main wave. Geospatial analytical tools were used to determine and display each segment's geographic distribution pattern using autocorrelation techniques to determine its central point. Results show that the herald wave of each epidemic shared characteristics similar to its following main wave. Central-point locations were similar and Spearman's rank coefficients showed high degrees of correlation. Autocorrelation results were similar, with one exception reflecting an appalling anomalous cholera outbreak at an institution for children. Because of the demonstrated similarity of each epidemic's herald and main waves, this study did not detect a spatial characteristic that could explain the observed difference in severity between the studied heralds and mains.

Expressing History through a Geo-Spatial Ontology

Conventional Geographical Information Systems (GIS) software struggles to represent uncertain and contested historical knowledge. An ontology, meaning a semantic structure defining named entities, and explicit and typed relationships, can be constructed in the absence of locational data, and spatial objects can be attached to this structure if and when they become available. We describe the overall architecture of the Great Britain Historical GIS, and the PastPlace Administrative Unit Ontology that forms its core. Then, we show how particular historical geographies can be represented within this architecture through two case studies, both emphasizing entity definition and especially the application of a multi-level typology, in which each “unit” has an unchanging “type” but also a time-variant “status”. The first includes the linked systems of Poor Law unions and registration districts in 19th century England and Wales, in which most but not all unions and districts were coterminous. The second case study includes the international system of nation-states, in which most units do not appear from nothing, but rather gain or lose independence. We show that a relatively simple data model is able to represent much historical complexity.

Mortality decline by cause in urban and rural England and Wales, 1851–1910

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a new analysis of the contribution of particular causes of death to the decline of mortality in England and Wales between 1851 and 1910. We examine deaths in a set of 588 registration areas based on the registration districts but amalgamated where necessary so that the boundaries of the areas are consistent over time. The deaths are classified by cause, and the paper discusses changes in the classification of causes of death between 1851 and 1910 and attempts to use as congruent a set of classes as is possible. The results show that declines in deaths from waterborne diseases and scarlet fever had their greatest impact between the 1860s and the 1880s, pulmonary tuberculosis declined steadily throughout the period, and diseases of the lungs were important between the 1890s and 1901–1910. The paper then examines cause-specific death rates in urban and rural areas, using definitions of ‘urban’ based on both population density and settlement size. The results are largely insensitive to the definition of what constitutes an urban area. They reveal that mortality from typhus/typhoid and pulmonary tuberculosis declined in parallel in urban and rural areas. Mortality from scarlet fever converged to very low levels in all areas by 1901–1910. There were, however, differences between town and countryside in the pace and timing of the decline of mortality from diarrhoeal diseases. Where there were differences, it was often the smaller urban areas that stood apart: there was no gradation from rural areas through small towns to larger towns. The paper concludes with some remarks on the implications of our findings for the role of public investment in mortality decline.

PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR DENGAN IKLIM ORGANISASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (STUDI PADA KANTOR DUKCAPIL KOTA MATARAM)

This study aims to analyze the influence of Transformational Leadership on OCB, to analyze the influence of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Climate, to analyze the influence of Organizational Climate on OCB, to analyze the Climate of Transformational Leadership Mediation Organization against OCB. This research was conducted at Population and Civil Registration District Agency Of Mataram with 45 people as a sample using saturated sampling technique that is sample determination technique when all member of population used as sample. The type of this research was associative causal research and data collection tool was Analysis PLS-SEM. The results of the data analysis shows that, transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on OCB. The Climate Organization has a positive and significant impact on OCB. Transformational leadership has a positive and significant influence on the Climate of the Organization. Transformational leadership has a positive and significant impact on OCB through the Climate of the Organization.
 Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Organizational Climate and OCB.

Study on the Operating Mechanism of Catastrophe Compensation Fund

<p>Under the situation of undeveloped catastrophe insurance and serious catastrophe risk in China, the operating mechanism of Catastrophe Compensation Fund (CCF) is studied systematically, which is based on the Pan Xilong’s study on CCF in 2010. The study focused on the classification of registration district, the calculation and adjustment of compensation ratio, the pricing of CCF certificates, etc. It shows that CCF is an innovational solution to deal with catastrophe risk in both the view of theory and practice.</p>

Patterns of infant mortality in rural England and Wales, 1850–1910†

AbstractThe study of nineteenth‐century infant mortality in Britain has neglected the rural dimension to a surprising degree. This article maps the change in infant mortality rate (IMR) between the 1850s and the 1900s at registration district (RD) level. Latent trajectory analysis, a longitudinal model‐based clustering method, is used to identify the clusters into which rural RDs fell, based on their IMR trajectories. Relationships between IMR and population density, fertility, female tuberculosis mortality, female illiteracy, male agricultural wages, and distance from London are examined in a longitudinal study. The tuberculosis (maternal health), illiteracy (education), and distance variables had the most effect. IMR responded most strongly to improving health and education in the east, less in the central area, and least in the north and west. The eastern zone's higher‐than‐average mid‐century infant mortality therefore declined faster than the national average. A central and southern zone had slightly lower IMR in mid‐century but did not keep up with the rate of decline in the east. The peripheral north and west had the lowest mid‐century rates but their decline was overtaken by the other zones. The interpretation of these findings and their relevance to the wider study of infant mortality are discussed.

Why Was Infant Mortality So High in Eastern England in the Mid Nineteenth Century?

This paper re-examines the high rates of infant mortality observed in rural areas of eastern England in the early years of civil registration. Infant mortality rates in some rural registration districts in the East Riding of Yorkshire, Cambridgeshire and Norfolk were higher than those in the mill towns of Lancashire. After describing the areas affected, this paper considers three potential explanations: environmental factors, poor-quality child care associated with the employment of women in agriculture, and the possibility that the high rates were the artefactual consequence of migrant women workers bringing their children to these areas. These explanations are then assessed using a range of evidence. In the absence of reliable cause of death data, recourse is had to three alternative approaches. The first involves the use of the exceptionally detailed tabulations of ages at death within the first year of life provided in the Registrar General's Annual Reports for the 1840s to assess whether the 'excess' infant deaths in rural areas of eastern England happened in the immediate post-natal period or later in the first year of life. Second, data on the seasonality of mortality in the 1840s are examined to see whether the zone of 'excess' infant mortality manifested a distinctive seasonal pattern. Finally, a regression approach is employed involving the addition of covariates to regression models. The conclusion is that no single factor was responsible for the 'excess' infant mortality, but a plausible account can be constructed which blends elements of all three of the potential explanations mentioned above with the specific historical context of these areas of eastern England.

Health, Height and the Household at the Turn of the 20th Century

We examine the health and height of men born in England and Wales in the 1890s who enlisted in the army at the time of the First World War. We take a sample of the army service records and use this information to find the recruits as children in the 1901 census. Econometric results indicate that adult height was negatively related to the number of children in the household as well as to the share of earners, the degree of crowding, and positively to socioeconomic class. Adding the characteristics of the local registration district has little effect on the household-level effects. But local conditions were important; in particular the industrial character of the district, local housing conditions and the female illiteracy rate. We interpret these as representing the negative effect on height of the local disease environment. The results suggest that changing conditions at both household and locality levels contributed to the increase in height and health in the following decades.

Case-control study of paternal occupation and risk of childhood cancer in Great Britain, 1962–2006

ObjectivesPaternal exposure to carcinogens has been proposed as a risk factor for childhood cancer. Previous epidemiological studies, complicated by weak exposure assessments and limited case numbers, have reported mixed results,...

Childhood cancer and magnetic fields from high-voltage power lines in England and Wales: a case–control study

Background:Epidemiological evidence suggests that chronic low-intensity extremely-low-frequency magnetic-field exposure is associated with increased risk of childhood leukaemia; it is not certain the association is causal.Methods:We report a national case–control study relating childhood cancer risk to the average magnetic field from high-voltage overhead power lines at the child's home address at birth during the year of birth, estimated using National Grid records. From the National Registry of Childhood Tumours, we obtained records of 28 968 children born in England and Wales during 1962–1995 and diagnosed in Britain under age 15. We selected controls from birth registers, matching individually by sex, period of birth, and birth registration district. No participation by cases or controls was required.Results:The estimated relative risk for each 0.2 μT increase in magnetic field was 1.14 (95% confidence interval 0.57 to 2.32) for leukaemia, 0.80 (0.43–1.51) for CNS/brain tumours, and 1.34 (0.84–2.15) for other cancers.Conclusion:Although not statistically significant, the estimate for childhood leukaemia resembles results of comparable studies. Assuming causality, the estimated attributable risk is below one case per year. Magnetic-field exposure during the year of birth is unlikely to be the whole cause of the association with distance from overhead power lines that we previously reported.

Paternal occupation and neuroblastoma: a case-control study based on cancer registry data for Great Britain 1962-1999.

Background:Neuroblastoma is the most common malignancy of infancy but little is known about the aetiological factors associated with the development of this tumour. A number of epidemiological studies have previously examined the risk associated with paternal occupational exposures but most have involved small numbers of cases. Here we present results from a large, population-based, case–control study of subjects diagnosed over a period of more than 30 years and recorded in the national registry of childhood tumours in Great Britain.Methods:A case–control study of paternal occupational data for 2920 cases of neuroblastoma, born and diagnosed in Great Britain between 1962 and 1999 and recorded in the National Registry of Childhood Tumours, and 2920 controls from the general population matched on sex, date of birth and birth registration district. Paternal occupations at birth, of the case or control child, were grouped by inferred exposure using an occupational exposure classification scheme. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), for each of the 32 paternal occupational exposure groups.Results:Only paternal occupational exposure to leather was statistically significantly associated with neuroblastoma, OR=5.00 (95% CI 1.07–46.93). However, this association became non-significant on correction for multiple testing.Conclusion:Our findings do not support the hypothesis that paternal occupational exposure is an important aetiological factor for neuroblastoma.

Diagnostic Spaces: Workhouse, Hospital, and Home in Mid-Victorian London

For nine weeks during the 1866 cholera epidemic, the registrar general for England and Wales published details of more than 13,000 deaths in London. Although the names of the deceased and the informant were withheld, all other information available from the death certificate was reproduced in the capital city's Weekly Returns , including registration district and subdistrict, precise address (house number and street, or institution), sex, age (sometimes down to hours for infants), occupation, cause(s) of death, and duration of final illness. Since historians' access to original death certificates in England and Wales is restricted, this source presents an opportunity to analyze systematically the practice of cause of death certification in the middle of the nineteenth century, albeit during a period of mortality crisis. Variability of diagnostic depth—that is, the listing of multiple causes and duration of final illness—is considered for three major causes: cholera, diarrhea, and respiratory tuberculosis. Deaths in workhouses and general hospitals were chronically underdocumented compared to home deaths. This finding supports the notion that the institutionalization of sickness in the nineteenth century was accompanied by a loss of the patient narrative and also points to the entrenchment of institutional cultures of record keeping and administration.

Diagnostic Spaces

For nine weeks during the 1866 cholera epidemic, the registrar general for England and Wales published details of more than 13,000 deaths in London. Although the names of the deceased and the informant were withheld, all other information available from the death certificate was reproduced in the capital city'sWeekly Returns, including registration district and subdistrict, precise address (house number and street, or institution), sex, age (sometimes down to hours for infants), occupation, cause(s) of death, and duration of final illness. Since historians’ access to original death certificates in England and Wales is restricted, this source presents an opportunity to analyze systematically the practice of cause of death certification in the middle of the nineteenth century, albeit during a period of mortality crisis. Variability of diagnostic “depth”—that is, the listing of multiple causes and duration of final illness—is considered for three major causes: cholera, diarrhea, and respiratory tuberculosis. Deaths in workhouses and general hospitals were chronically underdocumented compared to home deaths. This finding supports the notion that the institutionalization of sickness in the nineteenth century was accompanied by a loss of the “patient narrative” and also points to the entrenchment of institutional cultures of record keeping and administration.

'We don't travel much, only to South Africa': Reconstructing Nineteenth-century Cornish Migration Patterns

INTRODUCTION Dudley Baines poses a key question about nineteenth-century migration: ‘why did some places produce relatively more migrants than others which were outwardly similar?’ Yet pursuing an answer to this question is problematic in two ways. First, there is no agreed consensus on the scale to be adopted. In Britain most demographic data available to the historian of nineteenth century migration is organised at regional, county or at registration district (RD) level. The average size of the latter units were around 20,000 people. Although this enables investigation at a sub-county level, meeting Baines’ point that neither regional nor county scale is sufficiently sensitive to answer the relative migration question, it does not allow for easy testing of his further suggestion that the appropriate migration unit might be at the much smaller village or local community level. But the fluid process of immigration may need to be approached more flexibly. Charles Tilly has argued that the ‘effective units of migration were (and are) neither individuals nor households but sets of people linked by acquaintance, kinship and work experience’. Transferring attention in this way from spatial units to neighbourhood, family or occupational networks tends to emphasise one of the broad approaches put forward by migration historians to explain the propensity to migrate, the existence of information networks, the other being economic conditions.

Childhood cancer in relation to distance from high voltage power lines in England and Wales: a case-control study

Objective To determine whether there is an association between distance of home address at birth from high voltage power lines and the incidence of leukaemia and other cancers in children...

The New Forest Suicide Prevention Initiative (NFSPI)

A retrospective suicide study revealed that the Forestry Commission car parks in the New Forest in southern England were a previously unrecognized magnet for nonlocal suicides, attracting as high a proportion of "visitors" (35/43 in 1993-97) as among suicides who jumped from the cliffs at the infamous Beachy Head (39/48 in 1993-97). Over 95% of the car park suicides died from car exhaust gas poisoning. A multiagency initiative aimed to reduce the number of suicides in the 140 New Forest car parks where restricting access was impossible, and environmental issues paramount. Signs displaying the Samaritans' national telephone number were erected in the 26 car parks in which 50% of the car park suicides had occurred. Numbers, location, and residence of all car park deaths were monitored for 3 years. Corresponding changes in other forest registration districts were also monitored. During the 3-year intervention period the number of car park suicides fell significantly from 10/year, 1988-1997, to 3.3/year. The average annual total number of suicides in the New Forest registration district also decreased. No significant changes were found in comparable forest districts. The number of suicides in the New Forest car parks remained low during the 2 years following the evaluation.