AbstractThe addition of aryl Grignard reagents to the 1‐phenoxycarbonyl salt of 3‐bromopyridine affords 2‐aryl‐5‐bromo‐1‐phenoxycarbonyl‐1,2‐dihydropyridines and 4‐aryl‐3‐bromo‐1‐phenoxycarbonyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines. The crude dihydropyridines were aromatized with o‐chloranil in refluxing toluene to give 4‐ and 6‐aryl‐3‐bromopyridines. The regioselectivity of this two‐step process, 6‐ vs. 4‐substitution, was examined and found to be dependent upon the structure of the Grignard reagent. Unhindered aryl Grignard reagents, e.g., phenyl and 2‐naphthyl, gave mainly 6‐aryl‐3‐bromopyridines (49‐52%) along with 9% of the 4‐substituted isomer and less than 4% of the 2‐aryl‐3‐bromopyridine. Hindered aryl Grignard reagents, e.g., o‐tolyl and 1‐naphthyl, are less regioselective. When a catalytic amount of cuprous iodide is present during the Grignard reaction, nearly exclusive 1,4‐addition results. The crude 4‐aryl‐3‐bromo‐1,4‐dihydropyridines were aromatized with p‐chloranil to provide 4‐aryl‐3‐bromopyridines in good yield and high isomeric purity. The sequential use of the cuprous iodide‐catalyzed Grignard reaction and the “normal” Grignard reaction provided a regiospeci‐fic synthesis of 3‐bromo‐6‐(p‐methoxyphenyl)‐4‐phenylpyridine from 3‐bromopyridine.
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