Region Of Origin Research Articles

Strategy of the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency in Increasing Bima City's Original Regional Income

This research aims to analyze the Strategy of the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency in Increasing Bima City's Original Regional Income. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research results show the strategy of the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency in an effort to increase Regional Original Income, namely the strategy set by the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency in increasing Regional Original Income is Intensity and Assistance where the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency must first strengthen all forms of regulations regions related to their Regional Original Income as a reference in determining them. Carrying out data collection on all tax objects because some have already been recorded, but if there is a change in the value, the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency automatically has to re-register the data again. Carrying out audits of taxpayers, namely issuing letters regarding tax assessments for collection. If there is no response from the taxpayer, they will carry out an inspection. Creating a digital channel called Regional Tax Transaction Electronification to make it easier and help the community, but unfortunately this strategy is still in process and has not yet been realized.

Migration, Partner Selection, and Fertility in Germany: How Many Children are Born in Mixed Unions?

For the German context, we investigate whether the number of children ever born differs between mixed unions (exogamous unions between natives and migrants or migrant descendants) and endogamous unions (unions among co-ethnics). Our theoretical considerations are derived from assimilation theories, which view exogamous unions as indicators of assimilation processes, and the framework on migrant fertility. The migrant (or descendant) partner in an exogamous union may adapt to the majority group, both partners may adapt to each other, or both partners may constitute a selected group in their fertility preferences. However, due to the higher likelihood of conflicts within the partnership and of separation, exogamy may disrupt family formation processes and depress couples’ fertility. Drawing on data from the GSOEP (1984–2020), we estimate generalized Poisson regressions. The results reveal that the number of children ever born is higher in exogamous unions than in endogamous native couples. This general pattern largely persists across migrant generations and regions of origin, but we identify gender differences. While fertility in exogamous unions of native women/migrant (descendant) men is not statistically different from fertility in native/native couples, unions of migrant (descendant) women/native men have more children, especially when controlling for socio-demographic confounders. Our results demonstrate that in the German context, exogamy does not lead to fertility disruptions, and is not straightforwardly associated with assimilation to the fertility of the majority group. Instead, differences in gendered partner choice patterns and life-course transitions may influence the number of children exogamous couples have.

Improved faster region convolutional neural network algorithm for UAV target detection in complex environment

With the development of artificial intelligence technology and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology, the traditional UAV target detection methods are difficult to achieve high detection accuracy in complex and changeable scenes. The paper selects Faster Region Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) as the basic algorithm due to its high scalability and excellent classification performance. The convolution mode of the convolution layer in the network structure is adjusted to deformable convolution. Additionally, a hybrid attention mechanism module is added to combine channel attention and spatial attention modules behind the output layer of the Faster R-CNN network. Finally, the Soft Non-Maximum Suppression (Soft-NMS) method is selected to combine the improved Faster R-CNN algorithm of multiple individuals into the final target detection model. The performance of the improved Faster R-CNN algorithm and the original Faster R-CNN algorithm was verified through the VisDrone 2018-DET dataset and the full class average accuracy Mean Average Precision (mAP), accuracy and precision. The accuracy and logarithm of loss values of the improved Faster R-CNN algorithm and the original Faster R-CNN algorithm's Region Proposal Network (RPN) were 0.985, 0.981, 0.018, and 0.052, respectively. The target detection model based on the hybrid attention mechanism of ResNet-50 network fusion Spartial Attention Module (SAM) and Channel Attention Module (CAM) had the best classification performance, with the accuracy, precision and overall average accuracy of 25.8 %, 24.6 % and 22.7 %, respectively. The results are helpful to improve the target detection ability of UAV in complex environment, and contribute to the development of target detection technology in the future.

Religion, Geography, and Risky Sexual Behaviors Among International Immigrants Living in China: Cross-Sectional Study.

Behavioral differences exist between countries, regions, and religions. With rapid development in recent decades, an increasing number of international immigrants from different regions with different religions have settled in China. The degrees to which sexual behaviors-particularly risky sexual behaviors-differ by religion and geographical areas are not known. We aim to estimate the associations of religion and geographical areas with sexual behaviors of international immigrants and provide evidence for promoting the sexual health of international immigrants. A cross-sectional study was conducted via the internet with a snowball sampling method among international immigrants in China. In our study, risky sexual behaviors included having multiple sexual partners and engaging in unprotected sex. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the basic characteristics of international immigrants as well as their sexual behaviors, religious affiliations, and geographical regions of origin. Multivariate binary logistic regression analyses with multiplicative and additive interactions were used to identify aspects of religion and geography that were associated with risky sexual behaviors among international immigrants. A total of 1433 international immigrants were included in the study. South Americans and nonreligious immigrants were more likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors, and Asian and Buddhist immigrants were less likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors. The majority of the Muslims had sexually transmitted infection and HIV testing experiences; however, Muslims had a low willingness to do these tests in the future. The multivariate analysis showed that Muslim (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.453, 95% CI 0.228-0.897), Hindu (AOR 0.280, 95% CI 0.082-0.961), and Buddhist (AOR 0.097, 95% CI 0.012-0.811) immigrants were less likely to report engaging in unprotected sexual behaviors. Buddhist immigrants (AOR 0.292, 95% CI 0.086-0.990) were also less likely to have multiple sexual partners. With regard to geography, compared to Asians, South Americans (AOR 2.642, 95% CI 1.034-6.755), Europeans (AOR 2.310, 95% CI 1.022-5.221), and North Africans (AOR 3.524, 95% CI 1.104-11.248) had a higher probability of having multiple sexual partners. The rates of risky sexual behaviors among international immigrants living in China differed depending on their religions and geographical areas of origin. South Americans and nonreligious immigrants were more likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors. It is necessary to promote measures, including HIV self-testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis implementation, and targeted sexual health education, among international immigrants in China.

Determinants of Poverty Levels In Terms of Regional Revenues and Expenditures in Regency/City Jambi Province 2017-2022

The aim of this research is 1) To analyze the development conditions of poverty levels, local original income, general allocation funds, special allocation funds, profit sharing funds, capital expenditures and expenditures on regency/city goods and services in Jambi Province for 2017-2022. 2) To analyze the influence of Regional Original Income, General Allocation Funds, Special Allocation Funds, Profit Sharing Funds, Capital Expenditures and Goods and Services Expenditures on Regency/City Poverty Levels in Jambi Province in 2017-2022. The type of research used is descriptive and quantitative population research in this research is all districts/cities in Jambi Province, data collection techniques are indirect observation and library research (library study). The type of data used in this research is secondary data. The data analysis technique in this research uses panel data regression. The research results show that Original Regional Income has a negative and insignificant effect on the poverty level, meaning that if local original income increases, the poverty level will decrease. General Allocation Funds have a negative and significant effect on poverty, meaning that if general allocation funds increase, the poverty level will decrease. Special Allocation Funds have a negative and significant effect on poverty, meaning that if special location funds increase, the poverty level will decrease. Profit Sharing Funds have a negative and significant effect on poverty, meaning that if profit sharing funds increase it can reduce poverty rates. Capital expenditure has a negative and insignificant effect, meaning that if capital expenditure increases, the poverty level will decrease but not significantly. Expenditure on goods and services has a negative and significant effect, meaning that if expenditure on goods and services increases, the poverty level will decrease.

Analysis of Capital Expenditures, Original Regional Income, and Balancing Funds on the Economic Growth of Jambi Province for the 2012 - 2021 Period

This study aims to determine the Analysis of Capital Expenditure, Local Own Revenue and Balancing Funds on Economic Growth in Regencies/Cities in Jambi Province. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research. The data processed is secondary data from Capital Expenditures, Regional Original Income, Balancing Funds and Regency/City Economic Growth in Jambi Province in 2012 – 2021. The results showed that simultaneously Capital Expenditure, Regional Original Income and Balancing Funds have a significant effect on Economic Growth in Jambi Province, this is proven by a significance value that is smaller than the probability (0.000 < 0.05). Partially, capital expenditure has a significant effect on economic growth in Jambi Province, as evidenced by a significant value that is smaller than the significant probability (0.0112 < 0.05) and partially Own-Owned Income has no significant effect on economic growth in Jambi Province, as proven by the value significance is smaller than the probability of significance (0.2067 > 0.05) while the Balancing Fund has a significant effect on Economic Growth in Jambi Province, as proven by the significance value which is smaller than the probability of significance (0.0000 < 0.05)

Enhancing ductility of the TRIP aided bainitic ferrite steel by Mn heterogeneity introduced via reversion: Towards the 3rd generation

A novel approach to enhance the ductility of the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP)-aided bainitic ferrite (TBF) steel was proposed in this work. Lamellar lath Mn-heterogeneity was introduced into the single austenite grain through austenite-reversion from martensite by slow-heating or intercritical annealing. Acicular austenite is formed accompanied with apparent Mn enrichment occurring during reversion, and such a lamellar lath Mn-inhomogeneity is remained even after full-austenitization. Highly stable retained austenite (RA) is formed at the original Mn-enriched region after austempering with higher Mn and carbon contents than those of traditional austempering from Mn-homogenized austenite. In addition, higher total fraction and larger ratio of film-like RA is obtained in the heterogeneous-austenite than homogeneous one. These contribute to the ductility improvement of the TBF steel.

Evaluation of dose delivery based on deformed CT using a commercial software for lung cancer

This study employed a commercial software velocity to perform deformable registration and dose calculation on deformed CT images, aiming to assess the accuracy of dose delivery during the radiotherapy for lung cancers. A total of 20 patients with lung cancer were enrolled in this study. Adaptive CT (ACT) was generated by deformed the planning CT (pCT) to the CBCT of initial radiotherapy fraction, followed by contour propagation and dose recalculation. There was not significant difference between volumes of GTV and CTV calculated from the ACT and pCT. However, significant differences in dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and coverage ratio (CR) between GTV and CTV were observed, with lower values for GTV volumes below 15 cc. The mean differences in dose corresponding to 95% of the GTV, GTV-P, CTV, and CTV-P between ACT and pCT were − 0.32%, 4.52%, 2.17%, and 4.71%, respectively. For the dose corresponding to 99%, the discrepancies were − 0.18%, 8.35%, 1.92%, and 24.96%, respectively. These differences in dose primarily appeared at the edges of the target areas. Notably, a significant enhancement of dose corresponding to 1 cc for spinal cord was observed in ACT, compared with pCT. There was no statistical difference in the mean dose of lungs and heart. In general, for lung cancer patients, anatomical motion may result in both CTV and GTV moving outside the original irradiation region. The dose difference within the original target area was small, but the difference in the planning target area was considerable.

MDB-11. DOES THE INTRAOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT OF SITE OF ORIGIN OF MEDULLOBLASTOMA ALLOW FOR A TAILORING OF THE NEUROSURGICAL STRATEGY? DATA FROM A RETROSPECTIVE SINGLE-CENTER ASSESSMENT AND PROPOSAL OF A PROSPECTIVE MULTICENTER STUDY

Abstract BACKGROUND Developmental gene expression data from medulloblastoma (MB) suggest that WNT-MB originate from the region of the embryonic lower rhombic lip (LRL), whereas SHH-MB and non-WNT/non-SHH MB arise from cerebellar precursor matrix regions. This study aims to analyze detailed intraoperative data with regard to the site of origin (STO) and compare these findings with the hypothesized regions of origin associated with the molecular group. METHODS A review of the institutional database identified 58 out of 72 pediatric patients who were operated on a MB at our department between 1996 and 2020 that had a detailed operative report, surgical video as well as clinical and genetic classification data available for analysis. The STO was assessed based on intraoperative findings. RESULTS Using the intraoperatively defined STO, “correct” prediction of molecular groups was feasible in 20% of WNT-MB, 60% of SHH-MB and 71% of non-WNT/non-SHH MB. The positive predictive values of the neurosurgical inspection to detect the molecular group were 0.21 (95% CI 0.08–0.48) for WNT-MB, 0.86 (95% CI 0.49–0.97) for SHH-MB and 0.73 (95% CI 0.57–0.85) for non-WNT/non-SHH MB. CONCLUSION In our series of 58 well-documented cases, the intraoperative assessment of the STO could not reliably predict the molecular group. Thus, the current evidence does still not allow for intraoperative group-specific risk stratification that would enable tailoring the neurosurgical strategy to the prognostic and predictive profile of the patient. Prospective multicenter assessments are necessary to systematically evaluate the growth pattern and site of origin of medulloblastoma. Accordingly, a study protocol of an international cohort study will be presented.

Extraction of essential oils by hydrodistillation of four aromatic species: Conditioning, extraction conditions, yield and chemical composition

Essential oils are one of the most important products in the agricultural and food industry, as they are obtained from aromatic plants using various extraction techniques, such as steam distillation or hydrodistillation. However, these methods present challenges, such as low efficiency, limited selectivity, extensive use of solvents and long extraction times. Moreover, the quality of the oils obtained can be affected by hydrolysis or oxidation due to the duration and amount of water used in the process. This review updates the information on Clevenger-type hydrodistillation extraction of four high-value commercial plant species: Matricaria chamomilla, Rosmarinus officinalis, Origanum vulgare, and Eucalyptus spp. The aim is to evaluate the results of original articles, considering the origin and characteristics of the plant material, extraction conditions, yield and metabolites. The search covered a 10-year period (2013-2023) in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as species names and terms “essential oils” and “hydrodistillation”, with Boolean connectors such as OR, AND or NOT. The results show that quality and yield are influenced by factors such as geographical regions of origin, plant part used, drying techniques or extraction conditions (plant material/water ratio, extraction temperature, extraction time, etc.). In future research, the conditions associated with the plant material and the extraction process need to be optimized in obtaining high quality essential oils.

Selective area grown photonic integrated chips for completely suppressing the Stokes shift

In this work, we report on the selective area growth (SAG) of InGaN multiple quantum well (MQW) structures to completely suppress the phenomenon of the Stokes shift in monolithically integrated photonic chips. The original green MQW region is designed as the integrated photodetector (PD), while the SAG blue MQW region acts as the integrated light-emitting diode (LED). The detection spectra of the PD can completely cover the emission spectra of the LED, greatly improving the on-chip optical connection by the complete suppression of the Stokes shift. Thus, the bottleneck of on-chip optical connection based on spectra-tail overlap in integrated photonic chips has been broken. Under the same operating current, the photocurrent of the SAG integrated PD reaches 11.8 μA, while the conventional chip achieves only 0.6 μA. By SAG method, the photo-to-dark current ratio of integrated PD exhibits about two orders of magnitude increase under 0 V bias. Undoubtedly, the SAG technology provides a strategy to further improve the on-chip optical signal transmission efficiency of the MQW structure integrated photonic chips.

Perinatal mortality among pregnant undocumented migrants in Norway 1999–2020: A register-based population study

BackgroundIrregular legal status is a recognized health risk factor in the context of migration. However, undocumented migrants are rarely included in health surveys and register studies. Adverse perinatal outcomes are especially important because they have long-term consequences and societal risk factors are modifiable. In this study, we compare perinatal outcomes in undocumented migrants to foreign-born and Norwegian-born residents, using a population-based register. MethodsWe included women 18–49 years old giving birth to singletons as registered in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway from 1999 to 2020. Women were categorized as ‘undocumented migrants’ (without an identity number), ‘documented migrants’ (with an identity number and born abroad), and ‘non-migrants’ (with an identity number and born in Norway). The main outcome was perinatal mortality, i.e., death of a foetus ≥ gestational week 22, or neonate up to seven days after birth. We used log-binominal regression to estimate the association between legal status and perinatal mortality, adjusting for several maternal pre-gestational and gestational factors. Direct standardization was used to adjust for maternal region of origin. Ethical approvalRegional Ethical Committee (REK South East, case number 68329). ResultsWe retrieved information on 5856 undocumented migrant women who gave birth during the study period representing 0.5% of the 1 247 537 births in Norway. Undocumented migrants had a relative risk of 6.17 (95% confidence interval 5.29 ̶7.20) of perinatal mortality compared to non-migrants and a relative risk of 4.17 (95% confidence interval 3.51 ̶4.93) compared to documented migrants. Adjusting for maternal region of origin attenuated the results slightly. ConclusionBeing undocumented is strongly associated with perinatal mortality in the offspring. Disparities were not explained by maternal origin or maternal health factors, indicating that social determinants of health through delays in receiving adequate care and factors negatively influencing gestational length may be of importance.

Effect of Fungicides on <i>Fusarium</i> Fungi Caused Potato Dry Rot

A laboratory assessment of the effect of 4 fungicides containing active substance (a. s.) of different chemical classes on the growth of strains of 2 dominant species of Fusarium fungi, pathogens of fusarium dry rot of potatoes, was carried out. The drug containing benomyl most effectively suppressed the growth of F. sambucinum and F. solani strains by an average of 76 ± 4% compared with the control. The drug containing azoxystrobin turned out to be the least effective ‒ inhibition of strain growth averaged 35 ± 5%. The significant influence of the factors “species affiliation” and “region of origin” of the strain and their interaction on the sensitivity of strains of both Fusarium species to each of the 4 fungicides has been shown. The risk of developing resistance in F. sambucinum to a. s. of different classes was noted.

Pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Dana Perimbangan Terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Kabupaten/Kota NTB Tahun 2018-2022

This research aims to determine the influence of local original income (regional taxes and regional levies), and balancing funds (profit sharing funds, general allocation funds, and special allocation funds), on the Regency/City Human Development Index in NTB Province for 2018-2022. Data analysis uses panel data regression with the fixed effect model method. The results of this research show that: (1) Regional taxes do not have a significant effect on the Regency/City Human Development Index in NTB Province. (2) Regional levies do not have a significant effect on the Regency/City Human Development Index in NTB Province. (3) Profit Sharing Funds do not have a significant effect on the District/City Human Development Index in NTB Province. (4) General Allocation Funds do not have a significant effect on the Regency/City Human Development Index in NTB Province. (5) Special Allocation Funds have a positive and significant effect on the District/City Human Development Index in NTB Province. Keywords: Original Regional Income, Balancing Funds, Human Development Index, NTB Province.

Hot-Water Immersion (HWI) or Ice-Pack Treatment (IPT) as First Aid for Human Envenomation by Marine Animals? Review of Literature.

Envenomation by marine animals poses a significant health concern globally, affecting both local residents and tourists in coastal regions. The primary objective of this review is to critically evaluate the existing scientific literature to determine the most effective first-aid treatment for envenomations caused by marine animals, specifically whether hot-water immersion (HWI) or ice-pack treatment (IPT) provides the best immediate care. This comprehensive review covers a wide range of marine envenomations, from jellyfish stings to stingray injuries. While our focus is primarily on the efficacy of HWI and IPT, we also explore the role of cold-water treatment as a result of its relevance and similarity to ice-pack applications. In addition, we examine other treatments mentioned in the literature, such as medications or vinegar, and highlight their findings where applicable. To provide a clear and structured overview, we summarised the articles in separate tables. These tables categorise the type of research conducted, the marine species studied, the region of origin of the marine species, and the key findings of each study. Our analysis of the available evidence indicates a general consensus in the scientific community on the effectiveness of HWI or IPT for envenomation by marine animals. However, when treating those injuries, it is crucial to consider all factors since there is no universally superior treatment due to the diverse nature of marine habitats.

Simultaneous discovery of compounds dominated by either molding kinetics or geographical region of origin for moisture damaged cacao beans using orthogonally applied tile-based fisher ratio analysis of GC×GC-TOFMS data

Herein, two “orthogonal” characteristics of moisture damaged cacao beans (temporally dependent molding kinetics versus the time-independent geographical region of origin) are simultaneously analyzed in a comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) dataset using tile-based Fisher ratio (F-ratio) analysis. Cacao beans from six geographical regions were analyzed once a day for six days following the initiation of moisture damage to trigger the molding process. Thus, there are two “extremes” to the experimental sample class design: six time points for the molding kinetics versus the six geographical regions of origin, resulting in a 6 × 6 element signal array referred to as a composite chemical fingerprint (CCF) for each analyte. Usually, this study would involve initial generation of two separate hit lists using F-ratio analysis, one hit list from inputting the data with the six time point classes, then another hit list from inputting the dataset from the perspective of geographic region of origin. However, analysis of two separate hit lists with the intent to distill them down to one hit list is extremely time-consuming and fraught with shortcomings due to the challenges associated with attempting to match analytes across two hit lists. To address this challenge, tile-based F-ratio analysis is “orthogonally applied” to each analyte CCF to simultaneously determine two F-ratios at the chromatographic 2D location (F-ratiokinetic and F-ratioregion) for each hit, by ranking a single hit list using the higher of the two F-ratios resulting in the discovery of 591 analytes. Further, using a pseudo-null distribution approach, at the 99.9% threshold over 400 analytes were deemed suitable for PCA classification. Using a more stringent 99.999% threshold, over 100 analytes were explored more deeply using PARAFAC to provide a purified mass spectrum.

Investigating the Validity of Climate Migration: Empirical Evidence from the Most Polluted Countries

The literature generally finds that lower air quality has been an important determinant of migration. This study builds a migration model employing annual data from 2010 to 2019 for the most polluted ten countries to test the validity of migration caused by air pollution through PM2.5 concentration. The Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood method results show that air pollution is one of the most significant determinants of migration from the most polluted countries. Moreover, the low income level also pushes people to migrate more from their origin regions than richer ones. The study provides some policy recommendations for policy-makers in the countries where people breathe the most polluted air: (i) governments should follow growth-promoting economic policies; (ii) environment-friendly production techniques should be implemented to prevent worsening environmental quality; (iii) climate-induced mass migration should be considered while making security policy arrangements.

The microbiota of Amblyomma americanum reflects known westward expansion.

Amblyomma americanum, a known vector of multiple tick-borne pathogens, has expanded its geographic distribution across the United States in the past decades. Tick microbiomes may play a role shaping their host's life history and vectorial capacity. Bacterial communities associated with A. americanum may reflect, or enable, geographic expansion and studying the microbiota will improve understanding of tick-borne disease ecology. We examined the microbiota structure of 189 adult ticks collected in four regions encompassing their historical and current geographic distribution. Both geographic region of origin and sex were significant predictors of alpha diversity. As in other tick models, within-sample diversity was low and uneven given the presence of dominant endosymbionts. Beta diversity analyses revealed that bacterial profiles of ticks of both sexes collected in the West were significantly different from those of the Historic range. Biomarkers were identified for all regions except the historical range. In addition, Bray-Curtis dissimilarities overall increased with distance between sites. Relative quantification of ecological processes showed that, for females and males, respectively, drift and dispersal limitation were the primary drivers of community assembly. Collectively, our findings highlight how microbiota structural variance discriminates the western-expanded populations of A. americanum ticks from the Historical range. Spatial autocorrelation, and particularly the detection of non-selective ecological processes, are indicative of geographic isolation. We also found that prevalence of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, E. ewingii, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum ranged from 3.40-5.11% and did not significantly differ by region. Rickettsia rickettsii was absent from our samples. Our conclusions demonstrate the value of synergistic analysis of biogeographic and microbial ecology data in investigating range expansion in A. americanum and potentially other tick vectors as well.

Temporal and spatial dynamics within the fungal microbiome of grape fermentation.

Over 6 years, we conducted an extensive survey of spontaneous grape fermentations, examining 3105 fungal microbiomes across 14 distinct grape-growing regions. Our investigation into the biodiversity of these fermentations revealed that a small number of highly abundant genera form the core of the initial grape juice microbiome. Consistent with previous studies, we found that the region of origin had the most significant impact on microbial diversity patterns. We also discovered that certain taxa were consistently associated with specific geographical locations and grape varieties, although these taxa represented only a minor portion of the overall diversity in our dataset. Through unsupervised clustering and dimensionality reduction analysis, we identified three unique community types, each exhibiting variations in the abundance of key genera. When we projected these genera onto global branches, it suggested that microbiomes transition between these three broad community types. We further investigated the microbial community composition throughout the fermentation process. Our observations indicated that the initial microbial community composition could predict the diversity during the early stages of fermentation. Notably, Hanseniaspora uvarum emerged as the primary non-Saccharomyces species within this large collection of samples.

Origin associated with heterogeneity amongst Hispanic patients with breast cancer in the United States.

e23077 Background: There are over 50 million self-identifying Hispanics in the United States. This, however, represents a heterogenous population variably affected by an array of determinants of health, including race and insurance status. We used a national registry to investigate for significant differences in outcomes of Hispanic patients with breast cancer in the United States by country of origin. Methods: We identified a cohort of Hispanic patients in the United States with breast cancer for which origin was documented using the 2004-2019 National Cancer Database (NCDB) dataset. The NCDB delineates the following specific origins: Puerto Rico, Mexico, Cuba, South or Central America (excluding Brazil), or the Dominican Republic. We performed multivariate logistic regression modeling to identify whether origin was a significant predictor of advanced cancer staging at diagnosis (AJCC stage III or IV), adjusting for age, race, receptor subtype, histology, grade, insurance status, and facility type. Consequently, we used Cox Regression survival modeling to investigate whether overall survival (OS) differed by Hispanic origin after adjusting for stage at diagnosis and other confounders of survival: age, race, stage at diagnosis, receptor subtype, and systemic therapy received. Results: Of the identified n = 60,438 Hispanic patients with breast cancer in the United States: n = 26,800 (44.3%) had Mexican, n = 9,792 (16.2%) had Puerto Rican, n = 5,283 (8.8%) had Cuban, n = 14,381 (23.8%) had South/Central American, and n = 4,172 (6.9%) had Dominican Republic origins. After adjusting for the aforementioned covariates, we found that origin was a significant predictor of staging at diagnosis (p < 0.001). Patients originally from Mexico were more likely to be diagnosed at advanced stages compared to patients from Puerto Rico (OR 1.31; 95% CI, 1.18-1.46; p < 0.001). We also identified that origin was a significant predictor of overall survival in this cohort even when controlling for various confounders, including stage at diagnosis. Compared to patients from Puerto Rico, patients from Central/South America (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.70-0.88, p < 0.001) and patients from the Dominican Republic (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65-0.92, p = 0.003) exhibited significantly improved overall survival. There was no statistically-significant survival difference between patients from Mexico and patients from Puerto Rico. Conclusions: This real-world analysis showed that, for Hispanic individuals living in the US with breast cancer, origin is significantly associated with outcomes even after accounting for other known determinants of health. We suggest that region of origin should be studied further as a potential determinant of outcomes in patients with cancer.