Regional Waste Management Plans Research Articles

IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING AN EFFECTIVE REGIONAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN UKRAINE

Introduction. Attention is focused on the activation of the waste processing process, the technical equipment of the functional elements of the regional waste management system, the use of foreign experience in the implementation of recycling capacities, which will make it possible to specify goals in the implementation of innovative tasks in this field. The reasons that led to the low level of development of the domestic sphere of waste management are singled out: ineffective environmental policy, insufficient financing of relevant measures, neglect of environmental requirements, lack of practical steps in the development of infrastructure of a utilization nature. The purpose of the article. The purpose of the article is to identify problems that occur in the process of forming a regional waste management system in Ukraine, which prevent the achievement of real results in the context of sustainable development of regions. In order to achieve the set goal, the task of determining: a) problems that occurred before the full-scale war of 2022 was solved; b) problems that were added in the conditions of martial law. Results. It is emphasized that the formation of an effective waste management system is an important component of qualitative changes (sustainable development) in the regions of Ukraine in the context of its European integration aspirations. The region was considered in the context of obligations to eliminate existing problems in the field of waste management and practical implementation of tasks defined in regional waste management plans. A number of problems that occur in the field of waste management at the regional level are highlighted. The legislative provision of the waste management system and its influence on the achievement of expected results in this field are analyzed. The capabilities of local authorities in developing infrastructure for waste processing are substantiated. The treatment of waste in the conditions of martial law was studied. It was determined that within the limits of particularly dangerous territories there is a need to focus on the management of waste from destruction, on relatively safe ones - on household waste. The problems associated with the functioning of existing waste processing facilities due to the crisis situation in energy supply are singled out. Conclusions. It is noted that the identified problems are issues that need to be resolved, as threats arise behind them; these are tasks that should be solved in the context of the National Waste Management Strategy in Ukraine until 2030 with the aim of forming/developing the waste management system; these are the goals that must be resolved in the context of sustainable development and the development of a cyclical economy.

STUDY OF THE RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE IN POLTAVA REGION

The paper presents the results of research into the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of household waste generated in the territories of communities of the Poltava cluster, and a forecast assessment of the potential volumes of their generation in the coming years is made. On the basis of the collected data, a preliminary assessment of the general resource potential of household waste and the predicted volumes of the formation of individual resource-valuable components: plastic, paper and cardboard, glass, metals, organic waste was carried out.
 The study of the composition and volumes of household waste generation for the Poltava region was carried out within the framework of the development of the project "Regional waste management plan in the Poltava region until 2030" with the aim of choosing the option of creating zones of optimal coverage by the household waste management system (creating clusters) and selecting scenarios within these clusters regarding various methods of collection (including separate) and processing of household waste. The total population of the Poltava cluster is about 596,000 people.
 During the research of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of household waste generated in the territories of communities of the Poltava cluster, the potential volumes of household waste that can be collected in the future (potentially by 2024–2025) in the territories of 24 communities, that is, in the territory of the entire cluster.
 The obtained research results are the basis for making decisions and carrying out a technical and economic justification of the feasibility of building infrastructure facilities for the processing/recovery of household waste on the territory of the Poltava cluster with further use of their resource and energy potential.

Plastic waste: assessment of the prosesses of its formation and management in the North-Western Black Sea Coast Regions

Plastic waste represents a specific component within the municipal solid waste structure because of the peculiarities of its formation, possibility of reuse and ecological consequences of environmental pollution. In particular, growing consumption of plastic is accompanied by a constant level of recycling (4-8%). This leads to accumulation of plastic waste in the environment. The article presents data on the content of plastic waste in the municipal solid waste of Ukrainian cities. According to the data the content of plastic waste within the municipal solid waste amounts to 10-12%. Plastic waste is mainly represented by polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate (more than 60%). It was discovered that plastic recycling companies import almost a third of recycled materials from Europe, while almost 84% of plastic is still ends brought to landfills. The analysis of the situation with separate collection of the municipal solid waste in the North-Western Black Sea Coast Region (namely Odesa, Mykolaiv and Kherson Regions) indicates a low level of secondary raw materials extraction. It is also exacerbated by the fact that only 75% of the population receives services for centralized collection of the municipal solid waste. It is estimated that almost 160,000 tons of plastic waste were brought to the landfills of Odesa Region in 2019. This volume is equal to the workload of existing plastic processing enterprises of Ukraine. So, as exemplified by Odesa Region, the research aimed at assessing the resource potential of plastic waste by main categories and in terms of clustering of the region, in accordance with the Regional Waste Management Plan project. It also describes the environmental consequences of leaving waste plastic materials in the environment – contamination with microplastics and formation of persistent organic pollutants. Moreover, it indicates that the municipal plastic waste is a significant source for such substances formation during thermal and mechanical destruction processes taking place within a landfill's body or marine environment. The research analyzes the main reasons for a low level of plastic waste use in the region. One of them is a lack of conditions allowing the citizens to collect plastic waste separately from the rest of their waste.

Analysis of the strategic environmental assessment of regional waste management plans

Analysis of the strategic environmental assessment of regional waste management plans

RISK ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC HEALTH WHEN PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTING THE REGIONAL WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

According to the National Waste Management Strategy in Ukraine until 2030, various waste management activities are planned in the Poltava region, including the construction of new infrastructural waste treatment facilities, which may adversely affect the environment and public health. The study purpose is to conduct an expert assessment of the predicted state of the environment and living conditions of the population in areas where the technogenic load can potentially be increased as a result of the implementation of planned activities. First of all, it is necessary to assess the risks that may arise in the areas of construction of municipal waste treatment facilities. For the study, logical and formalized assessment methods were used. Methods of expert assessments, analogies, statistical method were used as logical ones. In strategic planning of decisions and their subsequent implementation within the framework of state planning documents, an important step is a professional predictive assessment of the significance of potential impacts and risks of changes in the state of the environment and public health associated with the creation of regional waste treatment facilities. In the absence of a legislatively approved methodology for assessing the risks of the impact of waste treatment facilities, the main result of this work is an expert assessment of the potential impact on the state of the environment and public health of new infrastructural waste treatment facilities, which are planned in the Regional Waste Management Plan in the Poltava region areas by 2030. A significant limitation of this study is the lack of a methodological basis for assessing the risks of the impact of waste treatment facilities on the environment and public health and the lack of domestic experience in operating such facilities and appropriate monitoring of their impact. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that territories have been identified for the future construction of infrastructural waste treatment facilities, where there is a risk of increasing social tension. The collected professional objective information on the identified risks allows in practice to plan preventive measures to minimize negative impacts. The originality and significance of the study lies in the systematization of the results of an expert assessment of the potential impact on the state of the environment of territories with environmental status, as well as the living conditions and health of the population of the Poltava region during the construction of new infrastructural processing facilities in accordance with the plan "Regional waste management plan in the Poltava region until 2030 of the year".

ANALYSIS OF THE CORRESPONDENCE OF THE ROAD NETWORK OF THE OPISHNIAN TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY TO THE DEVELOPMENT TENDENCIES OF THE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE REGION

Planning of effective waste management systems at the level of territorial communities is an important practical task that ensures the implementation of the overall regional concept of the development of the regional waste management system. This process is based, first of all, on the study of the scientific and practical foundations of forecasting trends in the development of waste management systems, and especially their logistical component, taking into account the specifics of regional factors. Thus, there is a need to conduct an analysis of the technical-logistic component of the waste management system of individual territorial communities and its development prospects as a component of the regional waste management system of the Poltava region within the framework of solving the current scientific and practical task of ensuring the effectiveness of the implementation of the regional waste management system. Methodology. When studying the structure and technological parameters of the elements of the road network included in the project routes of solid waste transportation, the methods of system and factor analysis were used. Results. It has been established that the road network of Opishnyan TРЎ is simultaneously an element of the logistics structure of the waste management system at the local and regional level and is involved in all stages of solid waste transportation during various periods of implementation of the Regional Waste Management Plan of the Poltava Region. All categories of roads are involved in the transport schemes. The roads of the fourth category and some roads of the 5th category are the most heavily loaded. Most roads of categories T, O, C are in unsatisfactory condition and need urgent repair. The capacity of the existing road network, if it is maintained in a satisfactory condition, provides the possibility of movement along the specified routes of both collection and transport garbage trucks. The maximum permissible speed of movement according to the parameter of categorization on all roads of the region corresponds to the technical parameters and design modes of movement of specialized transport. Originality. The technological possibilities, main problems and directions of improvement of the road network of Opishnyan TРЎ as a separate object of logistics planning and a structural component of the waste management system at the local and regional levels have been determined. Practical value. The technological possibilities, main problems and directions of improvement of the road network of Opishnyan TРЎ as a separate object of logistics planning and a structural component of the waste management system at the local and regional levels have been determined.

Implementation of Waste Management Program: Case Study of Self–Government Unit of Bački Petrovac in Serbia

Abstract As part of the negotiations for EU accession, the Republic of Serbia through Chapter 27 (Poglavlje 27 u Srbiji: Napredak pod ključem(1)), has begun the process of establishing a waste management system and adapting it to the goals and acquis communautaire(2). The key document in Serbia that aims for environmental awareness is called the Waste Management Program of the Republic of Serbia. Followed by the Waste Management Program of the Republic of Serbia, the Regional Waste Management Plan for 2019–2028 has been created and is addressing waste management and establishing a Regional Centre in the city of Novi Sad for Waste Management. Furthermore, the Local Waste Management Plan for the self–government unit of Bački Petrovac has been adopted in May 2021.

TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL COMPONENT LOGISTICS OF MSW IN POLTAVA REGION

The aim of the study is to ensure the effectiveness of the waste management system in Poltava region for the long term of the Regional Waste Management Plan in Poltava region for 2030 (RPUV) by analyzing the prospects of the logistics organization of waste management. Methodology. This paper uses methods of factor analysis with the study of causal relationships of the impact of conceptual provisions of the regional waste management system and some organizational and technological factors of its formation, as well as methods of inductive logic in forecasting trends. Results. It is established that the main conceptual principles of development of the waste management system of Poltava region provide for the introduction of a multi-stage scheme of solid waste transportation. The compliance of the road network with the goals of the RPUV is analyzed and the main problems are identified. A detailed analysis of the quality of the road network of the region allowed to identify the roads that pose the greatest threat to the implementation of the RPUV. The main tendencies of development of the park of specialized transport equipment in different perspective periods of realization of the plan and at different stages of the organization of transportations are established. Prospects for transport support of the first stage of transportation are formulated depending on the degree of urbanization of settlements. Originality. Based on the analysis of regional features of the system of solid waste management, the most probable directions of development of the technological component of the logistics structure of the regional system of solid waste management have been identified. Practical value. The results of the study reduce the risks of the implementation of the Regional Waste Management Plan and increase the efficiency of the solid waste management system.

Regional household waste management system: condition and main problems

An interpretation of the concept of "regional household waste management system" is presented, which is understood as a part of the National Waste Management System, which ensures the coordination and unification of all stages of waste management in each settlement/ community/territory of the region as a whole taking into account natural, demographic, economic, geographical and other features in a single complex mechanism. The features that determine the functioning of household waste management systems at the regional level are identified. A number of problems peculiar to waste management are highlighted. The purpose of the article is to analyze the results of the study on the volume of generation/disposal of household waste and identify on this basis the list of problems faced by most regions of Ukraine in this area. The aim is also to consider the concept and features of the regional household waste management system. Attention is focused on the significance and role of clearly defined and taken into account physical and chemical properties of household waste and its morphological composition: 1) in providing basic information necessary for planning and optimizing the management system, environmental assessment of waste management; 2) in choosing the technology of its processing since the efficiency of recycling depends on it. The article emphasizes that objective data on the volume of generation and morphological composition of household waste are critically necessary for the development/adjustment of regional waste management plans, awareness of citizens, business entities, and management bodies, giving them the opportunity to make informed decisions. Actions to reduce toxicity/hazard include reuse, thermal disposal, incineration without energy generation, and waste minimization. The analysis of the volume of generation/disposal of household waste in the regions of Ukraine is carried out. According to the results of a study of the volume of waste generation in households per person in 2020, five classification groups are identified. The main signs of functioning of the domestic household waste management system in comparison with the European one are indicated. Foreign experience on the importance of household waste processing technologies used in determining the quality parameters of the waste management system as a whole is noted. The fact that it is innovative production that lays the prerequisites for the formation and effective functioning of a modern waste management system is emphasized. The article notes that the implementation of most of the tasks defined by the 2030 National Waste Management Plan does not meet the established deadlines due to the socio-economic situation in the country. The planned reduction in the volume of household waste disposal in landfills lags behind the established time frame.

ЕКОНОМІКО-ПРАВОВІ ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ПОВОДЖЕННЯ З ВІДХОДАМИ НА ПОСТКОНФЛІКТНИХ ТЕРИТОРІЯХ

The main purpose of this research is to analyze the state and possibilities of application of economic and legal instruments for increasing efficiency of waste management in post-conflict areas and offer ways of their improvement taking into account regional features. On the example of Donetsk region, the article considers the current state and prospects of regional planning in the field of waste management in post-conflict territories. It is shown different features and elements of the new planning system in this field including the National Waste Management Strategy until 2030. Special attention is given to analysis of the Guidelines for the development of regional waste management plans, which were adopted in September 2021. This document does not take into account the peculiarities of post-conflict territories due to ongoing hostilities, as well as related problems and threats, which influence decision-making in the field of waste management. Based on this, it is necessary to reflect these peculiarities in sections of regional plan that cover the characteristics of region and the analysis of the current state of waste management system in region. Possibilities of industrial parks for waste recycling in post-conflict territories are considered. Studies indicate that industrial parks created on the new site (“greenfield”) have significant advantages over parks located in former industrial zones on the basis of existing infrastructure (“brownfield”). The latest novelties of the Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On Industrial Parks” aimed at attracting investment in the industrial sector of the economy by introducing incentives in industrial parks” (entered into force on October 7, 2021) are also investigated. Offers to improve the legal framework for industrial parks for waste recycling in post-conflict territories are substantiated.

PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION OF THE CLUSTER MODEL OF THE HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR POLTAVA REGION

The paper presents the results of research in the field of strategic planning of municipal waste management systems. Features of formation of household waste management systems on the basis of the cluster approach are considered. These studies were conducted as part of the development of the Regional Waste Management Plan in Poltava region for the period up to 2030, in particular with the participation of a group of experts authors of this work. The main results of these studies are the rationale for choosing the optimal cluster model of municipal waste management system for the conditions of Poltava region, and the rationale for its phased organization based on different scenarios from initial to future. The initial scenario is proposed as a basis for the organization of waste management systems within the newly created territorial communities, and the promising scenario is aimed at creating conditions in the region for the construction of regional waste treatment facilities and the operation of rational schemes of main transportation of household waste. The proposed cluster model of the regional system of household waste management is the basis for the stage of investment planning of costs for each community individually and for Poltava region as a whole. Improvement of this model should be carried out at the stage of developing local waste management plans, taking into account the specifics and main trends in the organization of household waste collection in each community.

Prerequisites for formation and implementation of a municipal solid waste management plan in Odesa Region

The problem of efficient management of municipal solid waste (MSW) flows remains one of the most urgent environmental and socio-economic problems of the Ukrainian regions. Ineffective MSW management leads to a significant negative impact on the abiogenic and biogenic components of the environment, as well as on the Ukrainian regions' citizens' state of health. Each individual region has its specific situation that should be taken into consideration for the development and implementation of regional plans for MSW management. Usually most of these regional plans are limited by such factors as determination of the volume of generated MSW, inventory of landfills, calculation of the required number of containers and technical means, justified expediency of MSW sorting stations placement, new MSW landfills construction etc. However, little attention is paid to introduction of innovative approaches for development of an effective MSW management system. There is no systematic approach to solving the MSW-related problem and all efforts aim at eliminating the consequences, rather than changing the ultimate cause. The aim of the research is to assess the prerequisites for the formation and implementation of a MSW management plan in Odesa Region from a systematic approach perspective. The methodological basis of the research includes analysis of the existing regulatory and legislative framework in the area of regional MSW management. The work is based on the relevant published data, materials of the Draft Regional Waste Management Plan in Odesa Region by 2030, as well as the results of our own research activities. The regional MSW management plan can be implemented at the following main areas: introduction of a MSW management system in big cities (separation of easily-decomposed organic fraction and hazardous waste, creation of recycling centre and stations etc.); landfill activities (construction of waste sorting plant, construction of biochemical processing/composting facilities, biogas production); development of logistics services (transition to small garbage trucks: separate vehicles for individual MSW components or vehicles with separate sections without waste precompaction); training of qualified personnel, educational work with great masses of population. Consideration of these prerequisites during the formation and implementation of a MSW management plan in Odesa Region will help to increase the environmental safety of the population, reduce the negative impact on the environment through improvement and modernization of the existing MSW management system and achievement of the final "zero waste" condition after conversion of the maximum waste amount into liquid secondary raw materials, alternative energy source and environmentally friendly organic mineral fertilizer. The implementation of the conceptual and theoretical foundations for formation of an optimized MSW management system will contribute to the achievement of the goals of sustainable development set by Odesa Region.

Development of a Methodological Framework for the Evaluation of the Material and Energy Recovery Potential of Municipal Solid Waste Management: Implementation in Five Greek Regions

ProblemAccording to the Landfill Directive, the proportion of municipal waste disposed of in landfills should be reduced to 10% w/w or less of the total amount of municipal waste generated by 2035. It should be highlighted that even though the regional waste management plans in Greece took into consideration the recycling targets set by the European Union, the proportion of municipal waste disposed of by landfilling was about 80% w/w in 2020.PurposeThe present study aims to introduce a methodological framework for the calculation of residues from facilities foreseen in regional waste management plans and the potential of its utilization for energy recovery.MethodologyThe methodology for the development and implementation of the decision support tool concerned the registration of treatment facilities, the estimation of recyclables and residues derived from them, the calculation of maximum volume or residues for achieving the recycling targets and the circular economy objective, the assessment of quality composition of residues, and the assessment of energy recovery potential.FindingsUp to 270 GWh of electricity per year could be generated from a supposed thermal treatment of residues from recycling, while targets concerning recycling and waste management in the frame of circular economy objective can been achieved.ConclusionsThe proposed methodological framework can be utilized as a decision support tool by relevant decision makers, and can be applied both for the evaluation of the regional waste management plans, which directly affect national recycling and circular economy targets set by European Union environment policy.

АНАЛІЗ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОЇ МЕРЕЖІ АВТОМОБІЛЬНИХ ДОРІГ ЯК ЕЛЕМЕНТУ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ВІДХОДАМИ

The purpose of the work is to analyze the network and bandwidth of the Automobile Roads of the Poltava region in order to establish the possibility of planning regional waste management systems. Methodology. In this paper, methods of finding information using modern digital technologies, systematization and analytical processing of statistical information, as well as methods of inductive logic to establish the possibility of using the Internet resources in logistical planning processes. Results. Within the framework of the tasks of the Regional Waste Management Plan in the Poltava region by 2030, the main attention is focused on the analysis of the possibility of organizing all stages of transport provided by the plan. In this context, the structure of the road network of the region is analyzed, indicated possible ways of using roads of various categories (from local to national) to organize waste transportation at all stages of the logistics process (from collecting waste in areas of settlements to the main transportation of waste between objects of the regional structure of handling with waste. Possible technological complications and technical and economic consequences of unsatisfactory road surface in most rural areas of the region are observed. These variants of possible partial and priority solution to the problem of unsatisfactory state of roads with prospective planning of the development of the waste transportation system are characterized. state of road covering from Internet resources of state specialized institutions and organizations and specialized sites of non-governmental organizations. Originality. Regional Planning Process Systems of waste management and logistics schemes for collecting solid household waste as the main structural and technological elements of these systems for the regions of Ukraine are currently located at the stage of becoming. The use of operational and promising information from open source resources for the purpose of medium-term and long-term planning is currently practically not applicable, although it has certain prospects. Practical value. The results of the research will be used in the development of a regional waste management plan in the Poltava region by 2030.

Prospects for environmentally safe mechanical biological treatment of municipal solid waste in Ukraine

Improving waste management is currently one of the priorities for Ukraine in the environmental safety. EU experience in the use of mechanical biological waste treatment technologies should be applied now in connection with the development and implementation of Regional Waste Management Plans in Ukrainian regions. The aim of the paper is to analyse the benefits and the preconditions of using mechanical biological waste treatment technologies in Ukraine, as well as barriers that may hinder the construction of mechanical biological waste treatment plants. The analysis of the eight drafts of the Regional Waste Management Plans showed that the mechanical biological waste treatment technologies market is free in Ukraine and the best option for the regions where there are cement plants operating is production of solid recovered fuel. Such types of projects could be affordable for Ukrainians with the cost recovery period more than 8 years. On the other hand there are significant obstacles of economic, organizational and technological nature to their immediate implementation i.e. low rates on waste disposal tax, partly compliance on air emissions monitoring system, absence of necessary standards etc. The priority actions to speed up mechanical biological waste treatment technologies implementation have been defined.

Household waste management system planning in the Poltava region

Today in Ukraine, the municipal waste management system is focused on landfill waste, mainly their disposal in landfills and unauthorized dumps, most of which do not meet the requirements of environmental safety. Accordingly, the main task at the state and regional levels is to implement a systematic approach to waste management, which will ensure both a gradual reduction in waste generation and an increase in their processing and reuse. Implementation of this task requires the implementation of a set of measures provided by the National Waste Management Strategy in Ukraine until 2030 (approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated November 8, 2017, No. 820 (Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine 2017, No. 820-r) and the National Waste Management Plan until 2030 (approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine on February 20, 2019, No. 117-p (Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine 2019, No. 117- r). According to documents, a crucial step for each region of Ukraine is developing a regional waste management plan based on a phase of strategic planning of all processes of waste management. The importance of this stage increases as a result of the completed process of power decentralization in Ukraine, and, accordingly, delegating authority to address most community development issues to the local powers.

Estimation of the Recyclable Waste amount Collected by Informal Recycling Shops: Case Study in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar

The study investigates and estimates the type and amount of recyclable waste collected by informal recycling shops in Nay Pyi Taw by using face to face interview for 23 informal recycling shops in Nay Pyi Taw in May 2020. The descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) and inferential statistics (two-sample paired t-test and Pearson’s correlation) were applied. According to the results, the average estimated waste amount collected by each recycling shop per day before and during the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic was 1,798 kg (Min. 0 to Max. 1,401 kg) and 856 kg (Min. 0 to Max. 892 kg), respectively. As a result of this study, it can be seen that the amount of daily collected waste has a positive relationship with the daily income of recycling shops, and COVID-19 has impacted the income of informal recycling shops. According to the results, getting an official license, financial problems, and limited land for managing buying recyclable waste, unstable market conditions, no factory in Nay Pyi Taw and no definitive legislation or laws, seasonal changes are the main challenges for informal recycling shops. This study indicates the ways to mainstream the informal sectors in waste management schemes. In addition, the results of this study can be useful in developing national and regional waste management plans and programs.

Розвиток циркулярних ланцюгів доданої вартості для зростання стійкості української промисловості в умовах постковіду

The paper considers the conceptual grounds of the possibility of integration of the Ukrainian industry into circular value chains. The authors have identified the global challenges threatening the industry development of Ukraine caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, such as border closings, the increased requirements of security due to isolation, the blockage of labour migration flows, the disruption of intermediate goods supply chains, the decline in production operations, a considerable shortage of capital, declining returns, undermining the financial stability and liquidity; increasing the probability of failure. Implementation of Ukrainian industry on the circular value chains contributes to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals and the prospects for the restoration of Ukraine’s industrial capacity in the harsh conditions of the coronavirus pandemic. Due to assessment of the losses caused by COVID-19 authors have shown that supply disruptions had effect on reducing the length of value chains, particularly in the machinery, metallurgy and textile sectors. The authors have determined that circular value chains maximize value-added throughout the product life cycle to increase the recycling of materials. The prospects for the integration of Ukrainian industry into circular value chains were justified, in particular, production of paper, paperboard, PET and glass; recycling of building debris, used clothing, tyres and organic waste; repair and rehabilitation of household appliances. An important role can be played by Ukrainian industry, which, although under challenging conditions, has sufficient potential in circular value chains. With this purpose, the following government incentives were developed: improvement of legislation, implementation of the principles of balanced Ukrainian development, financial support for projects aimed at developing a circular economy, as well as development of regional waste management plans with special focus on the European Green Deal.

Визначення оптимального місця розміщення регіональних полігонів видалення відходів з використанням метода центра ваги: приклад Сумської області

Проблема планування оптимальної побудови інфраструктури поводження з відходами на регіональному рівні є актуальною та важливою в контексті виконання Національної стратегії управління відходами в Україні до 2030 року та досягнення визначених нею цілей. Дослідження спрямоване на удосконалення методичної основи обгрунтування управлінських рішень щодо інфраструктури поводження з відходами та визначення оптимальних місць розміщення полігонів видалення відходів на території Сумської області. Здійснено поділ території на кластери з управління відходами з урахуванням чисельності та географічного взаєморозташування громад Сумської області: Північний, Східний, Південно-Західний. На основі даних про чисельність населення та географічні координати населених пунктів із чисельністю понад 50 осіб (998 населених пунктів) із застосуванням метода центра ваги визначено оптимальні місця розміщення регіональних полігонів видалення відходів для кожного з виділених кластерів. Встановлено, що для вирішення задачі розміщення полігону видалення відходів за методом центра ваги може бути використаний спрощений розрахунок (за двовимірною системою координат – широти та довготи) для отримання точних та надійних результатів. Результати дослідження можуть бути використані при розробці Регіонального плану управління відходами для Сумської області з метою забезпечення мінімізації тарифів на поводження з відходами для населення. Апробований підхід може становити методичну основу для планування інфраструктури поводження з відходами на території інших регіонів.

СТРУКТУРА РИНКУ ВТОРИННИХ РЕСУРСІВ В УКРАЇНІ

In the last decade, the European Union has adopted a number of the docu-ments that define the main ways of transition to a circular economy. The transition to a circular economy is due to the excessive burden on the environment of the existing business models. The secondary resources market, as one of the key elements of the circular economy, is becoming an integral and important component of any economic system. The definition of the secondary resources market as a set of economic relations in the field of demand and supply for the use of waste as secondary resources have been considered. The structure of the secondary resources market has been analysed. The institutional and legal, business and consumers subsystems have been identified as main subsystems of this market. The key elements of each subsystem have been described. Sources of formation of secondary resources with their division into as production and consumption have been considered. The key factors influencing on the market of the secondary resources have been formulated. Among which, in particular, the use of economic instruments; system of organization of collection, sorting and storage of waste; amount and quality of secondary raw materials; waste transportation costs and others. The role of the National policy and legislation at the process of acceleration secondary resource market development in Ukraine has been defined. The key strategic documents such as National Waste Management Strategy in Ukraine until 2030 and National Waste Management Plan in Ukraine until 2030 have been considered as a key documents implementation of which will allow further development of the secondary resources market. In particular, the development and implementation of the Regional waste management plans in each oblast of Ukraine will allow to build effective waste management schemes (for household, industrial, medical, construction waste, etc.) with the priority of their recycling in each region of the country; create a waste processing infrastructure based on the principles of self-sufficiency and proximity; set waste management tariffs based on full cost recovery, etc.