Regional Transport Research Articles

Impact of the Russia–Ukraine Conflict on Global Marine Network Based on Massive Vessel Trajectories

Maritime transportation plays a vital role in global trade, and studying the resilience of the global maritime network is crucial for ensuring its sustainable development. Currently, the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has garnered significant global attention. However, there is a lack of specific research on the impact of the conflict on maritime shipping, particularly the resilience of the global maritime network. This paper proposes a resilience assessment framework under the influence of significant events by combining complex network metrics and network performance indicators from the resilience triangle model. It quantitatively evaluates the resilience changes in the global maritime network before and after the outbreak of the Russia–Ukraine conflict. The experiment utilizes real automatic identification system (AIS) maritime trajectory data to quantify and visualize the changes in global maritime traffic during a 20-day period before and after the conflict, constructing the global maritime network for resilience calculations. The research findings indicate the following changes occurred after the Russia–Ukraine conflict. Firstly, the global maritime industry experienced overall growth, with increased ship transportation between ports. Transportation in certain regions was negatively affected, with a significant decrease in ship activities in the Black Sea and Adriatic Sea areas. The positions of Russia and Ukraine in the world maritime industry noticeably declined. Secondly, the network connectivity, network size, and network density of the global maritime network significantly increased, indicating an enhanced network resilience. According to our quantitative results, from a topological perspective, we observed the following changes: network connectivity increased by 27.2%, network scale increased by 36.6%, network density increased by 32.4%, and network resilience increased by 18.6%. Thirdly, the global maritime network is characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity, and the impact of conflicts on the heterogeneity of the shipping network is not significant. Finally, the network exhibited a slower performance decline under random attacks, while deliberate attacks led to a sharp decline. Due to the adaptive nature of the maritime network, the resilience of the network improves in terms of its topology following the outbreak of conflicts. After conflict incidents, the rate of performance decline during simulated attacks is lower compared to the pre-conflict period.

Role of air stagnation in determining daily average PM2.5 concentrations in areas with significant impact of long-range transport

In areas where the regional transport of air pollutants exerts a significant impact, ascertaining whether short-term air stagnation affects PM2.5 concentrations is crucial for accurate air quality forecasting and effective management planning. However, this research area remains underexplored. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between stagnant atmospheric conditions and daily average PM2.5 concentrations in areas with a substantial long-range transport impact (LRT). Specifically, we focused on days with elevated PM2.5 concentrations (daily average ≥ 35 μg/m3) from January to March 2019 in South Korea. The analysis was performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting and the Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System. Stagnant conditions were quantified using ventilation index (VI), calculated as the product of planetary boundary layer height and 10-m wind speed. The correlation coefficient between daily average VI and PM2.5 concentration (r = −0.23) was lower than that between VI and NO2 concentration (r = −0.60). This can be attributed to the fact that LRT was 2.9-fold higher than local emission impact (LEI) during days of elevated PM2.5 concentrations. Notably, the correlation coefficient between LRT and VI (r = −0.03) was considerably lower than that of LEI (r = −0.70). Hence, predicting the daily average PM2.5 concentration solely based on VI proved challenging in an area characterized by substantial LRT. For future research, in areas where LRT plays a substantial role, accurate prediction of PM2.5 concentrations requires distinguishing the effects of LRT and LEI on PM2.5 concentrations.

Foreign Policy Directions of the Republic of Azerbaijan

The article examines the key directions of the foreign policy of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The main foreign policy partners of Azerbaijan (Russia, the Republic of Turkey, Iran, the USA and the European Union) were identified, and current issues of interaction with these countries were analyzed. A conclusion is drawn about the multidirectional nature of Azerbaijan’s foreign policy and the desire for pragmatic economic cooperation at the regional and macro-regional levels. In the field of security, military and militarytechnical cooperation, Azerbaijan, in followup the 44-day war in Nagorno-Karabakh in 2020 and then the dissolution of the unrecognized Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, after January 1, 2024, strengthens cooperation with the Republic of Turkey. For Azerbaijan, the importance of creating regional transport communications and intensifying economic cooperation with its closest neighbors has increased.

Hourly variation characteristics of PM2.5 and main components in Beijing based on wind direction

The annual average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing consistently met the standard between 2021 and 2023. However, the pollution situation persists, particularly during autumn and winter. With the diminishing capacity for local emission reduction in Beijing, the significance of regional transport has increased. To examine the impact of various air masses on PM2.5 and its chemical constituents, a detailed analysis was conducted using wind direction data, hourly PM2.5 values, and concentrations of major components from 2015 to 2020 in Beijing. The findings reveal that the southwest transport corridor remained a critical pathway for regional pollutant influx into Beijing, although the influence of pollutants transported from the east has intensified. During October to February, when the hourly increase in NO3− surpassed 10 μg/m³ and increases in SO42−, NH4+, and OM exceeded 6 μg/m³, the likelihood of southwest and southern transport ranged from 56% to 60%, peaking at 56%–72% from December to February. From March to September, when the hourly increase in NO3− exceeded 10 μg/m³, eastward transport was probable at 63%, reaching 69% from May to July. Sharp increases in SO42−, NH4+, and OM, related to combustion, primarily occurred during autumn and winter evenings, whereas a sharp increase in NO3− was observed mainly during spring and summer mornings. This study elucidates the correlation between hourly concentration growth of PM2.5 chemical components and transport direction, offering a scientific foundation for mitigating regional air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area.

Controls on Sediment Transport From a Glacierized Catchment in the Swiss Alps Established Through Inverse Modeling of Geomorphic Processes

AbstractAs climate warms, hydrology and geomorphology in glacierized catchments are evolving, changing sediment export from these catchments, thus impacting downstream ecosystems and communities. Currently, much uncertainty persists regarding interactions among geomorphic processes that evacuate sediment from glacierized catchments. Here, we present a catchment‐scale numerical model of subglacial and proglacial sediment transport with debris meltout processes. We apply the model in a Monte Carlo framework to suspended sediment data collected over 2014–2020 from the Fieschertal catchment in the Swiss Alps, assessing possible combinations of geomorphic processes responsible for suspended sediment discharge. The ensemble of model outputs quantifies the interaction of different geomorphic processes, including the trade‐off between bedrock erosion and sediment previously stored in the catchment. Model runs suggest that, at some periods, up to 20% of the sediment leaving the glacier is deposited in the proglacial area relative to the catchment's total sediment discharge. This shows that the model captures the proglacial area change from sediment source to sediment sink in different hydrological and glaciological conditions. Furthermore, the findings highlight the impact of glacier retreat on the catchment's sediment dynamics, which both reduces the proglacial area's slope and introduces additional sediment to the proglacial area through debris meltout. The model outputs and the parameters quantify the interaction among geomorphic processes, yielding key insights into the drivers of sediment transport in alpine regions. The implications of these interactions are discussed in the context of interpreting processes responsible for controlling erosion rates from glacierized regions and modeling sediment transport in glacierized catchments.

Preventing Fraudulent Vehicle Listings: Digital ADS Detection

Abstract: With the increasing popularity of online selling platforms for vehicles, the risk of fraudulent advertisements has also risen significantly. This research paper addresses the challenge of detecting and preventing digital fraud ads, particularly those related to vehicle listings, on typical online vehicle selling web portals. The proposed approach leverages advanced algorithms to identify and filter out fraudulent vehicle ads, including unregistered vehicles and unnecessary spam ads posted by sellers. One of the key techniques employed in this research is pattern matching, which involves comparing the details of posted vehicles with the records from Regional Transport Offices (RTOs) to determine their registration status. By analyzing the vehicle details provided in the ads and cross-referencing them with RTO data, the system can flag unregistered vehicles, thus mitigating the risk of fraudulent listings. Additionally, the study incorporates the use of the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm for object detection in the images accompanying the ads. By applying YOLO, the system can accurately identify vehicles in the images and extract relevant information, such as make, model, and license plate details. This allows for further validation of the authenticity of the listings and helps in filtering out spam ads containing irrelevant or misleading images.

데이터마이닝과 베이지안 기법을 활용한 소규모 지역의 부주의 운전에 의한 교통사고 위험 모형 구축

This study aims to identify influential factors affecting the relative risks of vehicle crashes related to distracted driving at small area-levels (i.e., census block group) in Northern Ohio, U.S. To this end, we utilize data mining techniques to analyze publicly available data from multiple sources, which include spatial, sociodemographic, and environmental features alongside crash data. We then develop several generalized linear mixed models using a full Bayesian hierarchical formulation. The selected optimal model indicates that factors such as gross activity density, landuse mix, and density of intersection appear to increase the relative risks of vehicle crashes due to distracted driving, while population density contributes to reducing these risks. In addition, we observe substantial random fluctuation of residuals originating from both block-group and census tract level variability across the study region. These findings allow us to help build regional transportation safety policies to mitigate negative consequences of distracted driving.

The rationalities of strategic planning: a structural analysis of the legitimacy basis of MAL policy

ABSTRACT Due to the minimal role of statutory city-regional planning in Finland, the Finnish state promotes inter-municipal, integrated planning of land-use, housing and transportation in the biggest city regions by a strategic planning instrument and a contractual policy tool called MAL procedure. MAL procedure includes MAL agreements, where the central government agrees to fund transportation infrastructure, while the municipalities in the city-regions commit to certain planning principles. MAL policy has advanced sustainability goals in planning, but it has also been argued to be prone to legitimacy problems as MAL negotiations take place behind the backs of citizens. The article discusses the structure of the MAL policy, assessing the ways in which this structure supports the legitimacy of the policy. It focuses on the interplay of strategic and communicative rationalities in the MAL procedure, starting from the observation that the theorists of strategic planning have focused predominately on communicative rationality as the legitimacy basis of planning. This paper aims to show that from a broader, structural perspective, both rationalities – and the way in which they interact – have a role in maintaining the legitimacy of planning. The article builds on theoretical studies and interviews with actors engaged in the MAL procedure.

Investigation of illumination-dependent electrical and photodiode properties and conduction mechanism of the Al/p-Si contact with Schiff base compound (Pyr-Pic) interlayer

In this paper, an organic semiconductor, N-(2-((pyren-4-yl)methyleneamino)ethyl)-5- nitropyridin-2-amine (Pyr-Pic), was synthesized and was used as an interfacial organic layer to fabrication of Al/Pyr-Pic/p-Si/Al diode. The device’s characteristic parameters were determined under various operating situations using current–voltage (I-V) measurements. Thermionic emission theory (TE), the Cheung methodology, and Norde functions were the three methods used to determine the device’s electrical properties, such as the ideality factor, barrier height, and series resistance. Based on the I-V measurements conducted under illumination circumstances, the fabricated device exhibits photoresponse properties in the reverse bias region. An examination of the forward log(I)-log(V) plot of the Al/Pyr-Pic/p-Si diode indicated that ohmic conduction dominates carrier transport in the lower bias regions, while the space-charge-limited current (SCLC) governs transport in the medium bias regions, and the trap-charge limit current (TCLC) mechanism is responsible for transport in the higher bias regions. The current voltage mechanisms in the reverse bias area can be characterized by using Poole–Frenkel emission (PFE) and Schottky emission (SE) theories. The device exhibits photovoltaic characteristics when it is illuminated through an Al electrode. The typical photovoltaic parameters were estimated at room temperature and under illumination conditions.

Tracking Carbon Dioxide with Lagrangian Transport Simulations: Case Study of Canadian Forest Fires in May 2021

The large amounts of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, produced by severe forest fires not only seriously affect the ecosystems in the area where the fires occur but also cause a greenhouse effect that has a profound impact on the natural environment in other parts of the world. Numerical simulations of greenhouse gas transport processes are often affected by uncertainties in the location and timing of the emission sources and local meteorological conditions, and it is difficult to obtain accurate and credible predictions by combining remote sensing satellite data with given meteorological forecasts or reanalyses. To study the regional transport processes and impacts of greenhouse gases produced by sudden large-scale forest fires, this study applies the Lagrangian particle dispersion model Massive-Parallel Trajectory Calculations (MPTRAC) to conduct forward simulations of the CO2 transport process of greenhouse gases emitted from forest fires in the central region of Saskatchewan, Canada, during the period of 17 May to 25 May 2021. The simulation results are validated with the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 Goddard Earth Observing System (OCO-2 GEOS) Level 3 daily gridded CO2 product over the study area. In order to leverage the high computational costs of the numerical simulations of the model, we implement the forward simulations on the Tianhe-2 supercomputer platform and the JUWELS HPC system, which greatly improves the computational efficiency through parallel computation and makes near-real-time predictions of atmospheric transport processes feasible.

The disappearing Antilles Current dominates the weakening meridional heat transport in the North Atlantic Ocean under global warming

The Antilles Current (AC) off the Bahamas Islands is an important component for both wind-driven and thermohaline circulation system in the North Atlantic. The evolution of AC intensity could exert substantial impacts on mid-latitude climate and surrounding environment. For instance, an anomalous weaker AC is found to decelerate the nutrient transport in the shelf regions, risking the deep-water corals. In addition, a weaker AC could reduce the poleward heat transport of the Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Drift and further influence the climate in Western Europe. Based on nine high-resolution coupled climate models, we find a 3.8 Sv weakening of the AC, which is equivalent to 63% of its climatology transport during 1950–2050. The deceleration of AC introduces a −0.17 PW of heat transport decrement, dominating the total heat transport change across 26.5° N. Further analysis reveals that change of AC is mainly attributed to the evolution of thermohaline circulation in a changing climate and is partly influenced by wind stress curl in the North Atlantic. Our finding highlights the needs to establish a long-term monitoring network for the AC and a comprehensive understanding of associated impacts.

3-D Changes of Tropospheric O3 in Central and Eastern China Induced by Tropical Cyclones over the Northwest Pacific: Recent-Year Characterization with Multi-Source Observations

In this study, the multi-year data of meteorology and O3 from remote sensing and ground observations are applied to characterize the 3-D changes of O3 in the troposphere over central and eastern China (CEC) induced by the tropical cyclones (TCs) in the tropical and subtropical ocean regions over Northwest Pacific. The CEC-regional average of near-surface O3 levels is significantly elevated with 6.0 ppb in the large coverage by the TCs in the subtropical ocean, while the TCs in the tropical ocean alter near-surface O3 weakly, indicating the latitudinal-located TCs in the subtropical offshore ocean could largely influence the O3 variations over CEC. The sub-seasonal change with the positive and negative anomalies of near-surface O3 is induced by the tropical TCs from June to July and from August to October. The peripheral circulation of TCs in the subtropical offshore ocean persistently enhances the O3 concentrations over CEC during the season of East Asian summer monsoons. The positive O3 anomalies maintain from the entire troposphere to the lower stratosphere over CEC in the peripheries of subtropical TCs, while the tropical TCs cause the positive O3 anomalies merely in the lower troposphere. The O3 transport and accumulation, photochemical production and stratospheric intrusion are climatologically confirmed as the major meteorological mechanisms of TCs affecting the O3 variations. This study reveals that the downward transport of stratospheric O3 of TCs in the subtropical ocean exerts a large impact on the atmospheric environment over CEC, while the regional O3 transport and photochemical productions dominate the lower troposphere over CEC with less impact of stratospheric intrusion from the TCs in the tropical ocean region. These results present the climatology of tropospheric O3 anomalies in China induced by the TCs over the Northwest Pacific with enhancing our comprehension of the meteorological impact on O3 variations over the East Asian monsoon region.

Rural Vascular Trauma: Time to Care.

Previous rural vascular trauma research has focused on case series dating back two decades. The current research aims to measure clinical decline in comparison to time to care in rural vascular trauma. This single-center retrospective cohort study included adult trauma patients with vascular injury who were admitted to a level II trauma center. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the effect of clinical decline based on arrival within the golden hour. 149 patients were included. For every 1 unit increase in the shock index ratio, there was 99.9% reduction in odds that the patient would arrive to the trauma center within the golden hour. This study is the first of its kind within the last two decades to comprehensively review rural vascular trauma. Our research showed clinical decline in SIR associated with prolonged time to care and will allow us to optimize pre-hospital care and transport in regions with prolonged arrival times.

Influence of Transboundary Pollution on the Variability of Surface Ozone Concentrations in the Desert Southwest of the U.S.: Case Study for Arizona

Arizona, a rapidly growing state in the southwestern U.S., faces ozone pollution challenges, including nonattainment areas in Yuma and Maricopa counties influenced by neighboring state pollution transport. In this study, we use five-year (2017–2021) hourly back-trajectories and O3 concentration data for concentration-weighted trajectory (CWT) analysis to identify transport pathways and potential source regions of O3 at six monitoring sites in Arizona. We divide the data into five seasons (winter, spring, dry summer, monsoon summer, and fall) to examine variations in O3 concentration and transport across sites and seasons. The highest mean O3 concentrations occur during spring (37–49 ppb), dry summer (39–51 ppb), and monsoon summer (34–49 ppb), while winter (19–41 ppb) exhibits the lowest seasonal mean. The CWT results reveal that high O3 concentrations (≥40 ppb) in Arizona, with the exception of Phoenix and Tucson sites, are influenced significantly by regional and international transport, especially in spring (14.9–35.4%) and dry summer (12.7–26.9%). The major potential source areas (excluding the Phoenix and Tucson sites) are predominantly located outside Arizona. This study highlights the critical role of pollution transport in influencing O3 variability within Arizona and will be valuable in shaping pollution control strategies in the future.

Learning to Manipulate Artistic Images

Recent advancement in computer vision has significantly lowered the barriers to artistic creation. Exemplar-based image translation methods have attracted much attention due to flexibility and controllability. However, these methods hold assumptions regarding semantics or require semantic information as the input, while accurate semantics is not easy to obtain in artistic images. Besides, these methods suffer from cross-domain artifacts due to training data prior and generate imprecise structure due to feature compression in the spatial domain. In this paper, we propose an arbitrary Style Image Manipulation Network (SIM-Net), which leverages semantic-free information as guidance and a region transportation strategy in a self-supervised manner for image generation. Our method balances computational efficiency and high resolution to a certain extent. Moreover, our method facilitates zero-shot style image manipulation. Both qualitative and quantitative experiments demonstrate the superiority of our method over state-of-the-art methods.Code is available at https://github.com/SnailForce/SIM-Net.

How do e-bikes compete with the other modes of transport? Investigating multiple dimensions of a modal shift

ABSTRACT E-bikes are increasing popular. Their health and environment benefits depend strongly on the transport modes they replace. This paper addresses the multiple dimensions of the modal shift induced by e-bikes (motivations, uses, substitution, renunciation). It is based on biographical interviews (n = 24) and a survey (n = 1466) in Lausanne, Switzerland. Results show that e-bikes are used very frequently and for a variety of reasons (mostly utilitarian). They substitute all modes (mainly public transport, walking and the car but also cycling) and may lead to giving up regional transport passes, motorized two-wheelers and cars. E-bikes are also a way to continue cycling (despite age, children, physical condition) and to avoid switching to motorized modes. The paper calls for approaching modal shift through three perspectives to understand how e-bikes (1) fit in the transport system (systemic approach), (2) within individuals’ mobility biographies (life-course approach) and (3) within the everyday organization of individuals and households (lifestyle approach). It finally argues that e-bikes should be at the core of planning – along with other forms of active mobilities and public transport – as they are a readily available way to foster decarbonization of transport.

Netnographic study of the conscious internet appearance of hungarian and regional public transport companies

There has been intense competition between companies in recent years to hire and retain employees. During the coronavirus epidemic, this competition intensified. In response to the changes in the labour market, this challenge on the part of employers requires new methods, and employer branding has increasingly come to the fore. With the reorganization of the communication channels, online appearance came to the fore, including the use of social networking sites for employers and employees. The subject of my study is the employer branding of companies interested in the public transport on the Internet, primarily on social media sites, including the popular Instagram site. The purpose of the study is to present the importance of employer branding in the online space, the topics that can be displayed on social media sites and the given reactions, and the effectiveness and impact of online appearance. In my research, I used the method of netnography to reveal the differences and similarities in the appearance of social enterprises, the subjects of my investigation were international and domestic transport companies. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that social enterprises are using social networking sites more and more widely and with increasing intensity in many topics, including employer branding, but effectiveness can be increased with a targeted appearance, since social topics and the display of content related to responsibility elicit measurable reactions. They also discovered that social media is a suitable interface for presenting company activities and creating an identity as a tool.

Impact of atmospheric O3 and NO2 on the secondary sulfates in real atmosphere

As an important component of secondary aerosols, sulfate plays a crucial role in regulating atmospheric radiative balance and influencing the secondary formation of ozone (O3). In real atmosphere, atmospheric oxidants NO2 and O3 can promote the oxidation of SO2 to form sulfate (SO42−) through multiphase chemistry that occur at different time scales. Due to the combined impact of meteorology, pollution sources, atmospheric chemistry, etc., time-scale dependence of SO2-SO42− conversion makes the impact of NO2/O3 on it more complex. In this study, based on long-term time series (2013-2020) of air pollution variables from seven stations in Hong Kong, the Multifractal Detrended Cross-Correlation Analysis (MFDCCA) method has been employed to quantify the cross-correlations between SO2 and SO42− in real atmosphere at different time scales, for examining the time-scale dependence of SO2-SO42− conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the Pearson correlation analysis has been used to study the influence of NO2/O3 on SO2-SO42− conversion, and the regional and seasonal differences have been analyzed by considering factors such as meteorology, pollution sources, and regional transport. Changes in the main components of secondary aerosols are closely linked with the co-control of regional PM2.5 and O3. Therefore, the exploration of the impact of co-existing NO2/O3 gases on the secondary formation of sulfates in real atmosphere is significant.

Impacts of emissions and meteorological conditions in three different phases of aerosol pollution during 2013–2022 in Anhui, China

The PM2.5 concentrations in Anhui, which links the Yangtze River Delta region, China's fastest growing economy area, with the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, China's most polluted region, are influenced not only by emissions, but also by variation of meteorological conditions. A comprehensive understanding of the relative impacts of meteorology and emissions on heavy pollution in Anhui at three phases (i.e., phase1: from 2013 to 2017; phase2: from 2018 to 2020; phase 3: from 2021 to 2022) from 2013 to 2022, which can provide suggestions for pollution prevention and control in the future. The decrease in pollutant concentrations from 2013 to 2022 is mainly attributed to the continued reduction in emissions, while the year-to-year fluctuations in pollutant concentrations are largely influenced by meteorological conditions. Although emissions are decreasing, the proportions of residential biofuel combustion and cement are increasing. In addition to the effects of prevailing northeasterly and northwesterly winds (i.e., Type1 and Type2), there is also concern about the influences of static weather and neighboring regional transport (i.e., Type5 and Type6), especially in 2016. The contribution of emissions is greater in phase 2 and phase 3, with a 17 % increase compared to phase 1. Overall, approximately 57 % of explosive growth in PM2.5 concentration during the cumulative stage (CS) can be regarded as the feedback effect of the deteriorating meteorological conditions. Therefore, statistical analyses show that limiting PM2.5 concentrations below about 73 μg m−3 would weaken the feedback effects, which in turn would avoid most of the explosive growth processes in the CS of the 60 heavy pollution processes, which can provide a reference for the government to set a target for sustained emission reduction.

Towards customized mitigation strategy in the transportation sector: An integrated analysis framework combining LMDI and hierarchical clustering method

As the world's largest CO2 emitter, China's decarbonization in the transportation sector is vital for achieving global sustainable goals. This study develops an in-depth framework to elucidate and tailor decarbonization strategies across regions effectively. Through the application of the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) approach, this analysis spans transportation, energy, economic, and demographic factors influencing CO2 emissions in China's 30 provinces over the decade 2010–2019. The Entropy Weight Method (EWM), applied innovatively, pinpoints regional disparities in emission drivers. A dual-dimensional hierarchical clustering analysis evaluates the emission characteristics at provincial-level, laying the groundwork for customized mitigation strategies. The study delineates three principal discoveries: (1) robust economic development has spurred transportation demand over the past decade, escalating emissions. While initiatives like the "Beautiful China" campaign and decarbonization policies have fostered weak decoupling between economic growth and emissions, economic activity remains a dominant driver of emissions at the provincial level. (2) The energy intensity, freight intensity, and industrial structure are the primary sources of regional disparities in the driving mechanism of CO2 emissions in the transportation sector. In economically developed areas, freight intensity is a considerable emissions accelerator, marking a departure from its national-level emissions reduction role. Given the starkly distinct regional disparity, a “one-size-fits-all” approach for China would be imprudent. (3) The novel application of hierarchical clustering reveals three synergistic relationships between regional development and transportation decarbonization, highlighting the misalignment between emissions reduction potential and driving forces in 27 provinces. This misalignment underscores the inefficiency of current management practices, necessitating the development of precise tailored strategies. By pioneering in the methodological analysis of emissions dynamics and stressing the imperative of customized mitigation strategies, this research significantly enriches the discourse on sustainable transportation and regional policy innovation.