Regional Specialization Research Articles

Sensitivity and Specificity of Rapid Antigen Antigen Examination for COVID-19 Immunochromatography Method at the Dadi Regional Special Hospitals

Currently COVID-19 is still in pandemic status so the transmission of this disease needs to be controlled. One of the government's efforts is to screen people suspected of COVID-19 with laboratory examinations using RT-PCR, but this is hampered by long test times. For this reason, the Rapid Antigen COVID-19 (RA COVID-19) immunochromatography (IT) method is used which is short in time and uses simple equipment. This research is a laboratory observational research which aims to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the RA COVID-19 method at RSKD Dadi, South Sulawesi Province. The research sample was 50 suspected COVID-19 patients being treated at RSKD Dadi, South Sulawesi Province and then nasopharyngeal swab samples were taken from these patients. The 50 swab samples were examined using the RA COVID-19 method and the Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method. Location The research was carried out at the RSKD Dani laboratory, South Sulawesi Province for 6 months (July-December 2022). The research results showed that the RA COVID-19 used at RSKD Dadi, South Sulawesi Province as a COVID-19 screening method for suspected COVID-19 patients had a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 97%. Conclusion: RA COVID-19 used at RSKD Dadi, South Sulawesi Province can be used as a screening method, but the results still need to be confirmed using the RT-PCR method

The impact of economic development of primary and secondary industries on national CO2 emissions: The case of Russian regions

In today's world, where economic development and environmental sustainability are becoming increasingly important aspects of national strategy, attention to the impact of different economic sectors on climate change is becoming an integral part of scientific research. This article focuses on analyzing the impact of primary and secondary economic sectors development on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions at the sub-national level in Russia from 2005 to 2019. The aim of the study is to provide an in-depth understanding of the relationships between the dynamics of these sectors and CO2 emission levels in different regions of the country. Weighted regression and panel data methods were applied to better identify the patterns of the impact. The results show that the size of population and electricity consumption have the highest impact on CO2 emissions. So that, the expansion of nuclear and gas generation capacity, as well as significant improvement of energy efficiency, are of crucial importance to reduce the emissions. Other sectors have a heterogeneous impact and requires more differential approaches, considering the specifics of regions. Taking into account the significant differences between the Russian constituent entities, this paper emphasizes the low informativeness of assessments at the national level and their inadequacy in terms of improving the efficiency of domestic management, including decarbonization policies.

Определение готовности территорий Арктической зоны к цифровизации строительной отрасли на основе рейтингования регионов Российской Федерации

The relevance of developing the construction sector in Russia stems from the imperative to 1) enhance productivity, 2) reduce costs and improve quality and safety, and 3) address future challenges such as climate change and economic diversification. This article assesses the readiness of regions for digitalizing the construction sector through a ranking system based on the geometric mean. Digitalization readiness in the construction industry is the current state of territorial socio-economic systems defined across four areas of development: the socio-economic domain, research and innovations,the digital sphere, and the industrial domain. The study aims to establish a regional ranking to assess digitalization readiness in the construction sector, with a specific focus on the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Regional specialization in construction-related economic activities is identified, revealing that the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) present opportunities for creating an industrial cluster. A benchmark ranking is proposed, indicating that the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) exhibit attractiveness for strategic initiatives aimed at digitalizing the construction industry.

Влияние пандемии COVID-19 на цифровизацию экономики арктических регионов России

The relevance of developing the construction sector in Russia stems from the imperative to 1) enhance productivity, 2) reduce costs and improve quality and safety, and 3) address future challenges such as climate change and economic diversification. This article assesses the readiness of regions for digitalizing the construction sector through a ranking system based on the geometric mean. Digitalization readiness in the construction industry is the current state of territorial socio-economic systems defined across four areas of development: the socio-economic domain, research and innovations, the digital sphere, and the industrial domain. The study aims to establish a regional ranking to assess digitalization readiness in the construction sector, with a specific focus on the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Regional specialization in construction-related economic activities is identified, revealing that the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) present opportunities for creating an industrial cluster. A benchmark ranking is proposed,indicating that the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) exhibit attractiveness for strategic initiatives aimed at digitalizing the construction industry.

Yükseköğretimde Bölgesel Kalkınma Odaklı Misyon Farklılaşması ve İhtisaslaşmaya Yönelik Durum Analizi

Araştırmanın amacı, akademisyenlerin görüşleri doğrultusunda yükseköğretimde bölgesel kalkınma odaklı misyon farklılaşması ve ihtisaslaşmasına yönelik mevcut durumu tespit etmektir. Yükseköğretim sisteminin seçkin ve ayrıcalıklı bir yaklaşımla yeniden kurgulanması için Yükseköğretim Kurulu tarafından uluslararası ve ulusal ölçekteki genel eğilimler esas alınmakta, yükseköğretimin yapısına ilişkin projeler üretilmekte ve bir dizi faaliyet gerçekleştirilmektedir. “Yükseköğretimde Bölgesel Kalkınma Odaklı Misyon Farklılaştırma ve Uzmanlaşma” bu projelerden biri olarak özgün yönleriyle yükseköğretim sistemlerindeki yerini almaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan durum analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 2016’da “Yükseköğretimde Misyon Farklılaştırma ve Uzmanlaşma Projesi”ne ilk defa kabul edilen Bingöl Üniversitesi, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi, Düzce Üniversitesi, Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi, Uşak Üniversitesi” şeklindeki 5 pilot üniversiteden oluşmaktadır. Veriler projelerde aktif olarak yöneticilik görevlerini sürdüren 20 akademisyenden 3 farklı bölüm, 56 ifadeden oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar ışığında pilot üniversitelerin faaliyetlerinin oldukça kapsamlı olmasına rağmen stratejik planları doğrultusunda misyon farklılaşması ve ihtisaslaşmayı gerçekleştirdikleri, bölgesel kalkınmaya katkı sağladıkları, insan gücü yetiştirmede kaliteyi önceledikleri, istihdamın artırıldığı, üretimin gerçekleştirildiği; genel olarak başarılı dönütler ve pozitif çıktılar alındığı belirlenmiştir.

Strategic management of smart specialization in regional economic development: connection of export, sectoral, scientific, and technological competences

The article proposes a methodological approach to determining the priorities of smart specialization based on the conjugation of industry-specific specialization at the global, national, and macroregional levels and the scientific and technological competences of the region in the context of geographical, structural, technological, and cognitive proximity. As exemplified by the Central Black Earth macroregion, the study establishes a managerial matrix and scenario models based on competences. As a result of testing the research tools, a unified template of the managerial matrix for conjugating the directions of export (national, macroregional) and scientific and technological specialization of the macroregion was developed and scenario models for determining the priorities of smart specialization of regions within the Central Black Earth macroregion were built as part of entrepreneurial search procedures with the participation of all parties involved (regional authorities, business community, scientific community, and local residents). The proposed approach will allow all regions, including those not widely included in the global or national division of labor, to find a promising niche for development at the macroregional (local) level. In addition, it considers the possibilities of intersectoral convergence and the use of the accumulated competences of these regions in the field of end-to-end digital technologies.

Feasibility study of the use of a new biodegradable material as raw material in industrial processes

The utilization of biodegradable materials in industrial procedures represents a strategic priority within the Basque Regional Specialization Strategies RIS3. This article presents the feasibility study in industrial processes of a sustainable material based on collagen, which is renewable, ecological and has a carbon footprint of practically zero. The material, called EKOMAT, patented by the company EKOLBER, has been tested at the CIFP MIguel Altuna centre in Bergara, Basque Country-Spain to check its applicability in 2 industrial processes. It is noteworthy that this project is part of the applied innovation activities carried out by teachers at the centre.

Inter-regional barriers and economic growth: Evidence from China

This paper examines the impact of a policy reform in China that removed inter-regional market barriers by incorporating counties into larger prefecture-level divisions. Employing a difference-in-differences approach, we compare the economic performance of incorporated counties before and after the reform to two control groups: counties that applied for incorporation but were unsuccessful, and counties that were incorporated at a later time. Our findings suggest that the reform had an immediate and sustained positive effect on the economic growth of incorporated counties. Using firm-level data, we provide evidence that the reform reduced policy-induced frictions, leading to increased regional specialization in industries with comparative advantage, more entries of new firms, and more exits of low-profit-margin firms. Overall, the research highlights the importance of reducing inter-regional market barriers in promoting economic growth in developing countries.

Knowledge agglomeration and public subsidies to business R&D: Evidence for Spanish firms

In this paper, we study the role played by different dimensions of knowledge agglomeration as determinants of public subsidies to business R&D. For the analysis, we use firm-level information from the Spanish Panel of Technological Innovation (PITEC) and combine these data with information from other sources at the sectoral–regional level, obtaining an unbalanced panel of 28,082 observations of Spanish firms. Our results suggest that knowledge agglomeration affects both the probability of participation in subsidy programs and the subsidy amount awarded to supported firms. This effect is heterogeneous depending on the dimension of knowledge agglomeration considered (technological relatedness, regional specialization, intrasectoral or upstream knowledge pool, technological cooperation) and the level (regional, national, or European) of governance of public agencies.

Secretagogin as a marker to distinguish between different neuron types in human frontal and temporal cortex.

The principal aim of the present work was to chemically characterize the population of neurons labeled for the calcium binding protein secretagogin (SCGN) in the human frontal and temporal cortices (Brodmann's area 10 and 21, respectively). Both cortical regions are involved in many high cognitive functions that are especially well developed (or unique) in humans, but with different functional roles. The pattern of SCGN immunostaining was rather similar in BA10 and BA21, with all the labeled neurons displaying a non-pyramidal morphology (interneurons). Although SCGN cells were present throughout all layers, they were more frequently observed in layers II, III and IV, whereas in layer I they were found only occasionally. We examined the degree of colocalization of SCGN with parvalbumin (PV) and calretinin (CR), as well as with nitric oxide synthase (nNOS; the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of nitric oxide by neurons) by triple immunostaining. We looked for possible similarities or differences in the coexpression patterns of SCGN with PV, CR and nNOS between BA10 and BA21 throughout the different cortical layers (I-VI). The percentage of colocalization was estimated by counting the number of all labeled cells through columns (1,100-1,400 μm wide) across the entire thickness of the cortex (from the pial surface to the white matter) in 50 μm-thick sections. Several hundred neurons were examined in both cortical regions. We found that SCGN cells include multiple neurochemical subtypes, whose abundance varies according to the cortical area and layer. The present results further highlight the regional specialization of cortical neurons and underline the importance of performing additional experiments to characterize the subpopulation of SCGN cells in the human cerebral cortex in greater detail.

The Relationship between Parental Characteristics and Social Interaction Skills of Autistic Children in SLB Sragen Region

Autism is a disorder that occurs in brain tissue where the condition is a developmental disorder characterized by the inability to carry out social interactions, inability to communicate and repetitive behavior. This causes an autistic child to prefer to be alone and unable to communicate with other people well. Parental involvement in parenting significantly increases the developmental progress of children with autism, including allocating time for joint activities, frequent interaction, financial assistance, active parenting, and being involved in playing with children. Thus, the role of parents is very much needed. to provide care in the development of autistic children. This research aims to determine the relationship between parental characteristics and social interaction abilities for Autistic Children in SLB in the Sargen area. This research used a cross sectional method involving 60 parents who had autistic children at the Sragen Regency Special School which was conducted in September 2023. Social interaction data was measured using ATEC (Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist). The data analysis used is the data normality test and continued with the Chisquare test to determine the relationship between variables. There is a weak relationship between age, parental education, employment and family income with the social interaction abilities of autistic children in the Sragen Regional Special School. (p 0.04 phi = 0.34, p 0.015 phi 0.282, p 0.007 phi -0.268, p 0.01 phi 0.336). Several parental characteristics have a relationship with the social interaction abilities of autistic children, although the categories are weak.

Историко-социальные факторы политической позиции казачества Юга России в годы Гражданской войны (1917–1920 гг.)

The article examines the historical and social factors that led to the formation of the political position of the Cossack population of Southern Russia during the Civil War. The relevance of the study is determined by the peculiarities of federal policy in various regions of Russia at the present stage of development of Russian soci-ety and the state, taking into account the historical originality and socio-cultural specifics of individual regions included in the federal space. In this context, the history of the Cossack regions of the South of Russia is highly relevant and in demand when analyzing modern regional, political and socio-economic processes, as well as the historical experience of development of individual territories that constitute the Russian Federation. As part of the study, the authors come to the general conclusion that a certain position of the Cossacks, which they took during the civil conflict in the region, was largely conditioned by the general state of society in this period, as well as by the historical contradictions that existed in it between its various social strata during the long historical period preceding the onset of the civil armed conflict.

Cluster formation as a sustainable rural development tool in Ukraine

The difficult situation in Ukraine in general and in the agricultural sector in particular, caused by the war: destruction of settlements with infrastructure, property damage to business entities, impossibility of conducting economic activity in the temporarily occupied territories and territories where active hostilities are taking place, relocation of business, massive displacement of the population to more peaceful regions – necessitates a rethinking of pre-war approaches to the development of rural areas. This study focuses on one of the most promising tools – clusters. Since proper legal regulation is crucial for the effective development of clustering processes, the purpose of the study is to analyse the state of legal support for clustering in rural areas, considering the requirements of smart specialisation, to identify the main problems and to develop proposals for their solution. This goal was achieved through the use of several methods of scientific knowledge: dialectical (philosophical), analysis, formal legal, hermeneutical, abstract logical, and historical and legal. As a result, the author formulates a definition of the concept of “cluster”, which enshrines its features (voluntary association of entities with the status of entrepreneurs, sectoral or intersectoral nature). The purpose of the cluster activity is substantiated: creation of products and/or provision of services, promotion of sustainable development of rural areas. It is established that clusters combining agricultural production with other, in particular non-agricultural, activities are promising for rural areas. The necessity to consider the provisions of smart specialisation of regions in the formation of clusters is proved. Proposals have been developed regarding the formation of the legal framework for the formation and functioning of clusters by supplementing the normative acts of economic legislation with provisions on the form of organisation of cluster formations; defining clustering as a promising task in the national and agrariansectoral strategic planning documents; basic directions of state support for the creation and functioning of clusters in the field of agriculture/in rural areas. The results obtained are of theoretical importance for the development of the science of agrarian and commercial law. The conclusions of the work are also of practical value since they can be considered in the content of the improved legislation on clusters and smart specialisation of regions

Heminephrectomy in the pediatric population – single-center comparison of the open versus transperitoneal laparoscopic approach

IntroductionHeminephrectomy is considered the method of choice in the treatment of symptomatic or poorly working moiety of a duplex kidney as well as in oncology.AimThe study aims to retrospectively analyze the laparoscopic approach to heminephrectomy (LHN) in comparison with the open approach (OHN).Material and methodsFrom 2011 to 2020, 28 heminephrectomies were performed in the Clinical Ward of Pediatric Surgery and Urology of the Regional Specialized Children’s Hospital in Olsztyn: 10 with the laparoscopic transperitoneal method (LHN), and 18 with the open method (OHN). The mean age was 37.4 months (1–197 months). In total, 20 patients were female, and 8 were male. Loss of function of the moiety was a prerequisite for surgery. Hydronephrosis, dysplasia of the moiety, and vesicoureteral reflux were the most prevalent in both groups. Data regarding patients were collected based on available medical documentation and retrospectively analyzed.Results and discussionThere was no significant difference between the LHN and OHN groups regarding mean operating time (157 vs 128 minutes; <i>P</i> = 0.226) and mean postoperative hospital stay (5.20 vs 6.53; <i>P</i> = 0.64). The refeeding time is comparable and not statistically significant (1.90 vs 1.83 days; <i>P</i> = 0.555). Postoperative analgesic intake was found to be significantly lower (10.4 vs 17.5 doses, <i>P</i> = 0.004).ConclusionsBoth open and laparoscopic approaches are safe and feasible in the pediatric population. Both are comparable in operative time, hospital stay and refeeding time. LHN displays a better cosmetic effect and requires significantly lesser analgesic use.

A marmoset brain cell census reveals regional specialization of cellular identities.

The mammalian brain is composed of many brain structures, each with its own ontogenetic and developmental history. We used single-nucleus RNA sequencing to sample over 2.4 million brain cells across 18 locations in the common marmoset, a New World monkey primed for genetic engineering, and examined gene expression patterns of cell types within and across brain structures. The adult transcriptomic identity of most neuronal types is shaped more by developmental origin than by neurotransmitter signaling repertoire. Quantitative mapping of GABAergic types with single-molecule FISH (smFISH) reveals that interneurons in the striatum and neocortex follow distinct spatial principles, and that lateral prefrontal and other higher-order cortical association areas are distinguished by high proportions of VIP+ neurons. We use cell type-specific enhancers to drive AAV-GFP and reconstruct the morphologies of molecularly resolved interneuron types in neocortex and striatum. Our analyses highlight how lineage, local context, and functional class contribute to the transcriptional identity and biodistribution of primate brain cell types.

Всероссийская научно-практическая конференция «Введение пробации в Российской Федерации: взаимодействие государственных органов и общественных организаций» (10 марта 2023 года)

On March 10, 2023, the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference “Introduction of Probation in the Russian Federation: Interaction of state bodies and public organizations” was held on the basis of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region. It was dedicated to the Federal Law «On Probation in the Russian Federation», adopted on February 6, 2023. The Academy of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia and the St. Petersburg Theological Academy also co-organized this event. A feature of the event was a wide range of analyzed law enforcement, legal and theoretical problems that already take place depending on the specifics of various regions of our country, and will also arise in the near future in the interaction of state bodies and public organizations in the context of the use of all types of probation (penitentiary, executive and post-penitentiary).

Kurgan Regional College of Culture in Bibliographic Manuals

The article considers the activities of a team of teachers and students of the Library Department of the Kurgan Regional College of Culture in creating of retrospective bibliographic indexes reflecting publications of different kinds (including for nowadays electronic ones) about this educational institution. The author shows the developing of different approaches to the selection and presentation of bibliographic data for two decades. During this period 3 issues of this manual have been published: “Kurgan Regional Specialized School (1956—1996). Documents and Facts” (2000), “Kurgan Regional Specialized School of Culture (1996—2001). Documents and Facts” (2001), “Kurgan Regional College of Culture (2002—2020). Documents and Facts” (2021). The importance of local history, factual and biographic information contained in these book editions is specially underlined.

Book notes: SDG18 Communication for All, Volume 2: Regional Perspectives and Special Cases by Jan Servaes and Muhammad Jameel Yusha’u (Eds)

Book notes: <i>SDG18 Communication for All, Volume 2: Regional Perspectives and Special Cases</i> by Jan Servaes and Muhammad Jameel Yusha’u (Eds)

Regional specialization and diversification of industries in Kazakhstan

This research aims to assess the degree of specialization and diversification in the regions of Kazakhstan. The method of calculating the location quotient is used to determine the degree of specialization of the regions. The industrial location quotient for three periods - 2010, 2015, and 2019 - is calculated to observe the dynamics of specialization of industries in the regions. The research identified sustainable, unstable, fading, and emerging. The degree of industrial diversification in the region is determined based on the number of sustainable industries in the region. The categorization of industries according to the dynamics of specialization makes it possible to apply various mechanisms and ways to recover fading industries and support unstable and emerging industries. The research results can be used in designing Kazakhstan's regional industrial and innovation policies.

R&amp;D and Innovation Map of Turkey: Hybrid Model Approach

R&amp;D and innovation activities are among the areas of critical importance for a country's national development and pioneering technological developments. R&amp;D and innovation, which is an important field of study in terms of contributing to the evaluation of technical skills and regional specialization, are concepts that aim to achieve goals such as technological development, creation of new products and services, improvement of existing processes and increase in competitiveness. Accordingly, in this study, which focuses on ranking the R&amp;D and innovation potential of provinces in Turkey, DEMATEL, ARAS and COPRAS methods, which are multi-criteria decision-making methods, were used. The weighting of the 12 criteria was done by DEMATEL method and 81 provinces were ranked by ARAS and COPRAS methods using these weight values. Maps were created according to the scores of the provinces from each method. According to the results obtained, most of the 81 provinces in Turkey showed similar results in both methods. A general evaluation was made according to these results and criteria.