Location Of Region Research Articles

Effects of ammonia addition on self-excited Helmholtz and azimuthal thermoacoustic instability modes in a variable-length swirl-stabilized annular combustor

The thermoacoustic instability characteristics in a variable-length annular combustor fueled by ammonia-methane were investigated in the present work, focusing on the effects of ammonia enrichment on various instability modes. A Helmholtz solver was employed to provide a proper estimate of the mode frequencies. The experimental results presented that instability mode changed from the Helmholtz to the first-order azimuthal mode with increasing combustion chamber length. The addition of ammonia significantly weakened the thermoacoustic coupling in both instability modes, mainly in terms of reducing the pressure oscillation amplitudes. A joint analysis of the experimental data and calculated fuel fundamental kinetic properties indicated that ammonia addition attenuated thermoacoustic coupling of the Helmholtz mode by increasing convective time delay and ignition delay time, and weakened the interaction between high-frequency pressure fluctuations and flames in the azimuthal mode by decreasing flame speed. Combined analysis of flame and flow dynamics revealed that for the Helmholtz mode, the flame response to velocity fluctuations was almost symmetric, with the flame exhibiting overall axial motions attributed to pronounced oscillations in both axial velocity and vorticity. Ammonia enrichment changed the location and intensity of interaction regions between neighboring flames. While in the azimuthal mode, the flame response to velocity fluctuations was asymmetric, which was caused by a combination of azimuthal and axial velocity oscillations. The addition of ammonia diminished the asymmetric response of flame and promoted a transition from a dominant azimuthal to a dominant Helmholtz mode during the instability. However, the statistical properties of the modal dynamics in azimuthal instability were not strongly affected by ammonia enrichment.

The Challenge of Predicting the Solar Wind Speed near Sunspot Minimum

By applying potential-field source-surface and potential-field current-sheet extrapolations to photospheric field maps from three different observatories, we predict the solar wind speed at Earth for several Carrington rotations during 2018–2021 and compare the results with in situ observations. The predicted speeds are taken to be inversely correlated with the rate of flux-tube expansion inside the source surface, located at a heliocentric distance of 2.5 R ⊙. The results often differ markedly from one observatory to another and are very sensitive to the latitudinal position of the ecliptic relative to the narrow belt of slow wind that surrounds the source-surface neutral line. Our main conclusions are that (1) the magnetograph measurements themselves are a major source of uncertainty in solar wind predictions; (2) these uncertainties are especially large near solar minimum, when Earth is located near the rapid transition between slow and fast wind that occurs on either side of the heliospheric current sheet; (3) comparison of the derived open field regions with observed coronal holes provides a strong, underutilized constraint on wind speed predictions; and (4) the observed polarity of the interplanetary magnetic field provides another important constraint on the location of the source region.

Demand Equilibria in Spatial Service Systems

Problem definition: A service is offered at certain locations (“facilities”) in a geographical region. Customers can appear anywhere in the region, and each customer chooses a facility based on travel distance as well as expected waiting time. Customer decisions affect waiting times by increasing the load on a facility, and thus, they impact other customers’ decisions. The service provider can also influence service quality by adjusting service rates at each facility. Methodology/results: Using a combination of queueing models and computational geometry, we characterize demand equilibria in such spatial service systems. An equilibrium can be visualized as a partition of the region into service zones that form as a result of customer decisions. Service rates can be set in a way that achieves the best-possible social welfare purely through decentralized customer behavior. Managerial implications: We provide techniques for computing and visualizing demand equilibria as well as calculating optimal service rates. Our analytical and numerical results indicate that in many situations, resource allocation is a far more significant source of inefficiency than decentralized behavior. Funding: J. G. Carlsson was funded by the METRANS Transportation Consortium [Grant NCST-USC-RR-24-12] and the Office of Naval Research [Grant N00014-24-1-2277-P00001]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.0434 .

Regional and Longitudinal Dynamics of Cyanobacterial Blooms/Cyanobiome and Cyanotoxin Production in the Great Lakes Area.

Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are a diverse group of prokaryotic microorganisms that impact global biogeochemical cycles. Under eutrophic conditions, cyanobacterial species can produce cyanotoxins, resulting in harmful algal blooms (cHABs) that degrade water quality and result in economic and recreational losses. The Laurentian Great Lakes, a key global freshwater source, are increasingly affected by these blooms. To understand the underlying mechanisms in cHAB formation, we investigated microcystin levels, cyanotoxin genes/transcripts, and taxonomic/microcystin metabarcoding across three sampling locations in the Canadian Great Lakes region, including Hamilton Harbour, Bay of Quinte, and Three Mile Lake (Muskoka), to observe the regional and longitudinal cyanobacterial dynamics. The results revealed a positive correlation between microcystin levels, the occurrence of cyanobacterial taxonomic/cyanotoxin molecular markers, and the relative widespread abundance of specific dominant cyanobacterial taxa, including Planktothrix, Microcystis, and Dolichospermum. The Cyanobium genus was not observed in Hamilton Harbor samples during late summer (August to September), while it was consistently observed in the Three Mile Lake and Bay of Quinte samples. Notably, Dolichospermum and saxitoxin genes were predominantly higher in Three Mile Lake (an inland lake), suggesting site-specific characteristics influencing saxitoxin production. Additionally, among the potential microcystin producers, in addition to Microcystis, Hamilton Harbour and Bay of Quinte samples showed consistent presence of less dominant microcystin-producing taxa, including Phormidium and Dolichospermum. This study highlights the complexity of cHAB formation and the variability in cyanotoxin production in specific environments. The findings highlight regional and site-specific factors that can influence cyanobacterial taxonomic and molecular profiles, necessitating the integration of advanced molecular technologies for effective monitoring and targeted management strategies.

Distinguishing fault offset from climatically modulated channel deflections: Insights from the Pearblossom slip-rate site, Mojave section of the San Andreas fault, California, USA

Fault slip histories are essential for understanding seismic hazard and regional fault system development but fundamentally depend on identifying, dating, and reconstructing displaced markers. Here, we use a case study of the Pearblossom site along the Mojave section of the San Andreas fault in California (USA) to show how pulses of sediment aggradation during wet periods can complicate such reconstructions by producing “imposter offsets”—landforms that develop with an initial deflection that is easily misread as tectonic displacement caused by fault slip. Specifically, we document two channels on the downstream side of the fault: a subtle one that we interpret to have been beheaded and displaced 24–49 m from a source channel on the upstream side of the fault, and a second and more prominent one that we interpret as an imposter offset of 36–88 m. Using optically stimulated luminescence dating, we determine that the source channel incised between 1.44 ± 0.43 ka and 1.27 ± 0.18 ka with a subsequent phase of alluvial fan aggradation at ~0.6 ka, when the channel with the imposter offset formed. Because the pulse of fan deposition coincides temporally with a wet period in Southern California precipitation records, we attribute formation of the imposter offset and the alluvial fan into which it incised to climatically modulated deposition at the site. Comparing precipitation records with charcoal ages compiled from multiple Mojave Desert region locations suggests that other slip-rate sites may be similarly affected. Although climatic effects can complicate slip-rate studies, we show that the morphology and upstream position of the deflected channel can indicate whether a site likely records useful information about fault slip.

In-hospital economic impact and mortality of bariatric surgery on congestive heart failure in the USA: a nationwide analysis

Abstract Background Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) remains a significant economic burden in the inpatient setting. There is a complex correlation between obesity and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). Bariatric surgery has emerged as a critical intervention for patients with morbid obesity. However, there is limited data on how this intervention impacts hospital economic metrics and patient outcomes in the context of CHF post-bariatric surgery. Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess the in-hospital economic impact and mortality among patients with congestive heart failure who have undergone bariatric surgery. Methods We queried the National Inpatient Sample from 2016 to 2020; this retrospective observational cohort study identified CHF patients who had undergone bariatric surgery through ICD-10 codes. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine Total Charges (TOTCH) and Length of Stay (LOS), adjusting for confounders including the Elixhauser comorbidity index, hospital region, quarterly income, and hospital location to identify the economic impact on CHF (Table 1). Results Out of 25,900,000 patients with congestive heart failure, 5,983,684 (23%) were obese, and 208,220 (0.8%) had undergone bariatric surgery. The demographic profile showed a mean age of 63 predominance of females (65%) and the White population (69.5%) (Table 1). The mean TOTCH for patients undergoing bariatric surgery was $66,235, compared to $76,046 for those who did not undergo the surgery, with a significant mean decrease in TOTCH of -$11,454 (p<0.001, 95% CI: -$12,472 to -$10,435). The mean LOS was 5 days for patients with bariatric surgery versus 6 days for those without, showing a mean decrease in LOS of 0.93 days (95% CI: -0.99 to -0.87). Additionally, there was a significant decrease in overall mortality risk among patients who had bariatric surgery (2.1%) compared to those who did not (5%), with an (OR 0.4 p<0.001, 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.43). Conclusion Our research demonstrates that bariatric surgery in obese individuals with congestive heart failure (CHF) markedly decreases in-hospital mortality, reduces hospital charges, and shortens the length of hospital stays. These findings underscore the potential of bariatric surgery as a cost-effective intervention for improving outcomes in patients with CHF and obesity, highlighting the importance of considering surgical weight loss options in the management of CHF.Table 1

Evaluation of the performance and stability of early maturing orange-fleshed sweetpotato genotypes in selected areas in Ethiopia.

Orange-fleshed sweetpotato varieties that mature and harvest sooner play an important role in addressing food and nutrition demands in areas where irregular rainfall makes sustainable production challenging. A national variety trial was conducted in 2021 and 2022 during the main cropping season using ten OFSP genotypes in three locations in Sidama, South, and Oromia regions of Ethiopia, namely Hawassa, Arbaminch, and Koka, respectively. The objective of this study was to develop and select early-maturing and high-yielding OFSP genotypes for short-term harvesting (3-4 months). The field trial was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were collected on root yield and yield-related traits, sweetpotato virus disease reactions (SPVD), root dry matter (DMC), and beta-carotene contents (BCC) and were subjected to analysis of variance. A genotype plus genotype by environment interaction (GGE) bi-plot was also used to determine genotype stability. The results showed the presence of highly significant (p<0.001) differences among locations and genotypes, reflecting the existence of differential responses among genotypes in varied locations. Based on combined analysis, G3 (13NC9350A-9-3) outperformed the other genotypes for most of the traits considered, except for DMC, i.e., which has an equivalent to the check variety (Alamura) and showed a yield advantage of 41.4% over it. The GGE biplot also revealed that the G3 was the vertex genotype with the consistent performance in all environments. It had a low score of 1.39 on the 1-9 scoring scale, indicating that it falls within the resistant range, with adequate levels of BCC (5.5 mg/100 g) and DMC (30.0%). Furthermore, G3 is an early-maturing variety, which allows other crops to be grown in double and relay cropping systems. Therefore, based on its outstanding performance, G3 is recommended for verification and release for cultivation in mid- to low-land areas in Ethiopia.

CO2 Emissions Estimate From Mexico City Using Ground‐ and Space‐Based Remote Sensing

AbstractThe Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) stands as one of the most densely populated urban regions globally. To quantify the urban emissions in the MCMA, we independently assimilated observations from a dense column‐integrated Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) network and OCO‐3 Snapshot Area Map observations between October 2020 and May 2021. Applying a computationally efficient analytical Bayesian inversion technique, we inverted for surface fluxes at high spatio‐temporal resolutions (1‐km and 1‐hr). The fossil fuel (FF) emission estimates of 5.08 and 6.77 Gg/hr reported by the global and local emission inventories were optimized to 4.85 and 5.51 Gg/hr based on FTIR observations over this 7 month period, highlighting a convergence of posterior estimates. The modeled biogenic flux estimate of −0.14 Gg/hr was improved to −0.33 to −0.27 Gg/hr, respectively. It is worth noting that utilizing observations from three primary sites significantly enhanced the accuracy of estimates (13.6 29.2%) around the other four. Using FTIR posterior estimates can improve simulation with the OCO‐3 data set. OCO‐3 shows a similar decreasing trend in FF emissions (from 6.37 Gg/hr to 6.36 and 5.04 Gg/hr) as FTIR, but its correction trends for biogenic sources differ, changing from 0.37 to 0.48 Gg/hr. The primary reason is OCO‐3's lower temporal sampling density. Aligning the FTIR inversion timing with that of OCO‐3 yielded comparable corrections for FF emissions, yet discrepancies in biogenic emissions persisted, which can be attributed to their different sampling locations in the rural region and discrepancy in X observations. Our findings mark a significant step toward validating OCO‐3 and FTIR inversion results in metropolitan region.

Screening and Immune Efficacy Evaluation of Antigens with Protection Against Feline Calicivirus.

Feline calicivirus (FCV), a pathogen that causes upper respiratory tract diseases in felids, primarily leads to oral ulcers and various respiratory symptoms, which can be fatal in severe cases. Currently, FCV prevention and control rely primarily on vaccination; however, the existing vaccine types in China are mainly inactivated vaccines, leading to a single prevention and control method with suboptimal outcomes. This study commences with a genetic evolution analysis of Chinese FCV isolates, confirming the presence of two major genotypes, GI and GII with GI emerging as the dominant form. We subsequently selected the broadly neutralizing vaccine candidate strain DL39 as the template for the truncation and expression of multiple recombinant proteins. Through serological assays, we successfully confirmed the optimal protective antigen region, which is designated CE39 (CDE). Further investigation revealed the location of the optimal protective antigen region within the CE region for both the GI and GII genotype strains. Capitalizing on this discovery, a bivalent recombinant protein, designated CE39-CEFB, was generated. Cat antisera generated against CE39 and CE39-CEFB proteins were used in cross-neutralization against various strains of different genotypes, yielding high neutralization titers ranging from 1:45 to 1:15 and from 1:48 to 1:29, respectively, which surpassed those induced by antisera from cats vaccinated with Mi-aosanduo (commercial vaccine, strain 255). Ultimately, in vivo challenge experiments were per-formed after immunizing cats with the CE39 and CE39-CEFB proteins, utilizing Miaosanduo as a control for comparison. The results demonstrated that immunization with both proteins effectively made cats less susceptible to FCV GI, GII, and VSD strains infection, resulting in superior immune efficacy compared with that in the Miaosanduo group. These results indicate that this study successfully identified the antigen CE39, which has broad-spectrum antigenicity, through in vivo and in vitro experiments. These findings pre-liminarily demonstrate that the optimal protective antigen region of FCV strains is the CE region, laying a theoretical foundation for the development of novel broad-spectrum vaccines against FCV disease.

Assessment of the first 5 years of pharmacist-administered vaccinations in Australia: learnings to inform expansion of services.

Cross-sectional study. We analysed data on pharmacist-administered vaccinations that were reported to the Australian Immunisation Register (AIR) between 2016 and 2019, categorised by gender, jurisdiction, age group and vaccine type. We conducted a national survey of community pharmacists providing vaccination services during June and July 2020 to understand how pharmacists record and report vaccinations to the AIR. We assessed data completeness by comparing the number of vaccinations reported by surveyed pharmacists to the number recorded on the AIR. 576 780 pharmacist-administered vaccinations were recorded on the AIR between 2016 and 2019, of which 94.7% were influenza vaccines. The proportion of vaccinations given by pharmacists increased each year, from <0.001% in 2016 to 2.7% in 2019. Between 2017 and 2019, rates of pharmacist-administered vaccinations were highest among people aged 60-64 years (2046 per 100 000 people) and those living in regional areas (1074 per 100 000 people). Among 243 survey respondents, 57.8% (126/223) reported vaccinations to the AIR automatically via software, 27.8% (62/223) manually entered data and 13.5% (30/223) used both methods. Of the 87 665 vaccination encounters recorded by 121 respondents, 82.2% (72 045/87 665) were recorded on the AIR. There were more AIR-recorded encounters from those who reported automatically via software (84.8% [49 309/58 134]) than from those who manually entered data (68.3% [12 127/17 746]). Pharmacists have an increasing role in providing vaccination services in Australia, with great potential to improve coverage among adults and populations in regional locations. Measures introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic may have increased the uptake of electronic methods of recording and reporting data, which can improve data completeness. Our results provide an assessment of the first 5 years of pharmacist vaccination services in Australia, against which future evaluations of the impacts of policy changes during the COVID-19 pandemic can be compared.

Digital Economy and Urban Carbon Emissions: A Quasi-Natural Experiment of the National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zone in China

In this study, we assess the impact of digital economy development on urban carbon emissions using a difference-in-differences (DID) approach based on the quasi-natural experiment of the national big data comprehensive pilot zone (NBDCPZ) policy and panel data from 168 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2019. We find that the establishment of NBDCPZ has a significant carbon emission reduction effect. This finding is robust to various sensitivity tests. Further mechanism validation illustrates that the construction of NBDCPZ promotes the regional digital development level and reduces urban carbon emissions through three channels: improving energy efficiency to optimize energy consumption, increasing green total factor productivity, and promoting the clustering of high-tech industries. The heterogeneity analysis concludes that the carbon emission reduction effect of NBDCPZ policy varies with different regional locations and different city characteristics. Moreover, using spatial models, we find that the positive impact is characterized by spatial spillover effect. The findings provide detailed empirical evidence to formulate urban development strategies for enabling carbon reduction of the digital economy. JEL Classification: O30, Q53, Q55, Q58, R10

Effect of hot rolling process parameters on surface wear of descaling rolls

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explain the effect of slab and roll initial temperatures on the wear characteristics of the surface of hot roll descaling rolls.Design/methodology/approachThe UMESHMOTION subroutine and the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian adaptive mesh technique are used to investigate the wear profile of the descale roll surface and to evaluate the effect of the slab and roll’s initial temperature on the wear depth.FindingsWear is more pronounced at the edges of the roll-slab contact area and less severe in the roll-body’s central region. A rise in the initial slab temperature from 1,337 K to 1,429 K results in a 67% rise in maximum wear depth and 52% in frictional stress. The peak wear region progressively shifted toward the center of the roll body. A rise in the initial roll temperature from 308.15 K to 673.15 K caused a 46% reduction in maximum wear depth and 73% in frictional stress. The location of the peak wear region remained primarily unchanged.Originality/valueThis study used the UMESHMOTIONI subroutine and the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian adaptive mesh technique in ABAQUS® to evaluate the quantitative correlation between the wear depth of the descaling roll surfaces and the initial temperatures of the slab and rolls. This study offers valuable insights into improving the wear of descaling roll surfaces.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-06-2024-0231/

Multi-scale hierarchical brain regions detect individual and interspecies variations of structural connectivity in macaque monkeys and humans

Macaques are representative animal models in translational research. However, the distinct shape and location of the brain regions between macaques and humans prevents us from comparing the brain structure directly. Here, we calculated structural connectivity (SC) with multi-scale hierarchical regions of interest (ROIs) to parcel out human and macaque brain into 8 (level 1 ROIs), 28 (level 2 ROIs), or 46 (level 3 ROIs) regions, which consist of anatomically and functionally defined level 4 ROIs (around 100 parcellation of the brain). The SC with the level 1 ROIs showed lower individual and interspecies variation in macaques and humans. SC with level 2 and 3 ROIs shows that the several regions in frontal, temporal and parietal lobe show distinct connectivity between macaques and humans. Lateral frontal cortex, motor cortex and auditory cortex were shown to be important areas for interspecies differences. These results provide insights to use macaques as animal models for translational study.

Working with Joanne Elphinston Movement Systems® - physiotherapists’ experiences in primary health care. A focus group study

Background JEMS® (Joanne Elphinston Movement Systems) described as a systematic, holistic approach to analyze and create sound foundations for movement, is increasing in popularity among physiotherapists. The aim of this study was to investigate and capture the experiences and narratives of physiotherapists (PTs) using JEMS® for rehabilitation with patients in primary healthcare. Materials and methods In this qualitative description study, we invited 13 PTs to focus group discussions (FGD). Four groups were conducted, three FGD at different locations in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden, and one FGD using Skype. The groups met on one occasion. The FGD method has a qualitative semi-structured research design based on a social constructivist tradition of research. Data were analyzed using the Kreuger method, considering the content of the discussion in a collective understanding of the subject and the interaction taking place among participants. Results Three themes were identified: how the PTs describe their practical and emotional experiences, and how JEMS® has changed their clinical work. Most clearly emerged subjects considering the interaction and communication with the patient, about finding a structure in clinical practice and about the development the informants experience in their role as a physiotherapist and as an individual. Conclusions The FGD was chosen to capture the variety and width of experiences of the PTs using JEMS®. The opportunity for learning and reflecting in the FGDs was appreciated by the PTs. The interaction between the patient and the PT was described as fundamental in establishing foundations for movement. Opportunities to meet and treat patients regardless of functional limitations elaborated and were in that way applicable in primary healthcare where patients seek a physiotherapist for a variety of reasons.

Atezolizumab Plus Chemotherapy With or Without Bevacizumab in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: Clinical and Biomarker Data From the Randomized Phase II IMbrave151 Trial.

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) harbor an immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment and respond poorly to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Bevacizumab (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor) plus chemotherapy can promote anticancer immunity, augmenting response to PD-L1 inhibition. This randomized, double-blind, proof-of-concept phase II study enrolled patients (n = 162) with previously untreated advanced BTC (IMbrave151; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04677504). Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive cycles of atezolizumab (1,200 mg) plus bevacizumab (15 mg/kg) or atezolizumab plus placebo once every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. All patients received cisplatin (25 mg/m2) plus gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m2; cisplatin plus gemcitabine [CisGem]) on days 1 and 8 once every 3 weeks for up to eight cycles. Stratification of patients was by disease status, geographic region, and primary tumor location. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). No formal hypothesis testing was performed. Exploratory correlative biomarker analysis was undertaken using transcriptome analysis (n = 95) and mutation profiling (n = 102) on baseline tumor samples. Between February and September 2021, 162 patients were enrolled. Median PFS was 8.3 months in the bevacizumab arm and 7.9 months in the placebo arm (stratified hazard ratio [HR], 0.67 [95% CI, 0.46 to 0.95]). Median overall survival (OS) was 14.9 and 14.6 months in the bevacizumab and placebo arms, respectively (stratified HR, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.64 to 1.47]). The incidence of grade 3 or 4 adverse events was 74% in both arms. High VEGFA gene expression was associated with improved PFS (HR, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.23 to 0.83]) in the bevacizumab arm versus placebo. In unselected patients with advanced BTC, adding bevacizumab to atezolizumab plus CisGem modestly improves PFS but not OS. High VEGFA gene expression may represent a predictive biomarker of benefit from atezolizumab/bevacizumab, warranting further investigation.

ГНОСЕОЛОГІЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ ТРУДОВИМ ПОТЕНЦІАЛОМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ НЕВИЗНАЧЕНОСТІ

The existence of conditions of uncertainty in the process of managing the labor potential of enterprises gives rise to the need to find optimal management methods and tools for ensuring and combining the available human resources, their knowledge, experience and qualifications with the main components of the enterprise's potential, he strategy and goals of its development, ensuring the company's need for employees with the necessary qualifications and effective use of the labor potential of both individual employees and the team as a whole. A research aim is to learn the process of managing the labor potential, based on the current conditions of uncertainty in the development of enterprises. The object of the research is the process of managing the labor potential of enterprises in different economic conditions. The method of the research are modern methods and technologies of scientific knowledge, methods and techniques of conducting scientific research, tools of systemic, complex, economic analysis, principles of management of enterprises and their labor resources, which allow to review the existing approaches to the management of labor potential and identify directions stabilization of enterprises in modern economic conditions. The hypothesis of the research was an assumption about the possibility to determine the logic of learning the process of managing the labor potential of enterprises in modern conditions of uncertainty. The statement of basic materials. It is proved that epistemology is applied in the research in a purposeful way, as it is a tool of knowledge and a philosophy of managing the labor potential of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty. It has been confirmed that the management of labor potential is a component of the general process of managing the production potential of the enterprise, which means that it makes a direct contribution to the results of operations, the volume and output of products, the creation of certain benefits not only by the economic entity itself, but also contributes to the national income of the country. A certain philosophy of labor potential management is proposed, aimed at developing a special toolkit and acquiring new knowledge that can be used in labor potential management programs in wartime and postwar times. The originality and practical significance of the research is confirmed by the above philosophy of managing the labor potential of enterprises in modern conditions of uncertainty. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. The implemented epistemology of labor potential management made it possible to state that labor potential is a complex system with certain properties that requires the formation of additional requirements both for the assessment of labor potential and for its management. Therefore, the formation of an effective philosophy of labor potential management requires the constant development of personnel, the development of special programs for the management of labor potential based on the existing conditions of uncertainty of enterprises, including war and post-war times. Further research will be aimed at the development of special labor potential management programs, based on the sphere of activity of enterprises and their regional location

Effects of Urbanization on Community Composition and Conditions of Birds in Wetland Ecosystems

Urbanization in wetlands has negatively impacted bird species diversity and populations. It is important to be able to predict the consequences for avian biodiversity and to identify wetlands of special value to the maintenance of local wetland communities. This study involved conducting point counts across four permanent urban wetlands at the University of Florida and three retention ponds in the Gainesville, FL vicinity to observe patterns in wetland bird species diversity and populations. This study also utilized data from the Florida Museum of Natural History (FLMNH) to explore differences in phenotypes of wetland bird specimens. The local wetlands showed trends where specific species thrived in one type of area versus the other. Egrets were frequently observed in larger wetlands, and double-crested cormorants were observed more frequently in smaller ones. Additionally, retention ponds showed promise as a conservation method, dependent on their depth and size. The largest retention pond attracted many bird species in great numbers, showing promise for methods to negate negative the impact of human activity and climate change. Characterization for data collected at the FLMNH on both weight and species analyzed across numerous regional locations showed a negative trend between specimen weight and time progression.

Data-Driven Dynamic Security Partition Assessment of Power Systems Based on Symmetric Electrical Distance Matrix and Chebyshev Distance

A rapid dynamic security assessment (DSA) is crucial for online preventive and restoration decision-making. The deep learning-based DSA models have high efficiency and accuracy. However, the complex model structure and high training cost make them hard to update quickly. This paper proposes a dynamic security partition assessment method, aiming to develop accurate and incrementally updated DSA models with simple structures. Firstly, the power grid is self-adaptively partitioned into several local regions based on the mean shift algorithm. The input of the mean shift algorithm is a symmetric electrical distance matrix, and the distance metric is the Chebyshev distance. Secondly, high-level features of operating conditions are extracted based on the stacked denoising autoencoder. The symmetric electrical distance matrix is modified to represent fault locations in local regions. Finally, DSA models are constructed for fault locations in each region based on the radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) and Chebyshev distance. An online incremental updating strategy is designed to enhance the model adaptability. With the simulation software PSS/E 33.4.0, the proposed dynamic security partition assessment method is verified in a simplified provincial system and a large-scale practical system in China. Test results demonstrate that the Chebyshev distance can improve the partition quality of the mean shift algorithm by approximately 50%. The RBFNN-based partition assessment model achieves an accuracy of 98.96%, which is higher than the unified assessment with complex models. The proposed incremental updating strategy achieves an accuracy of over 98% and shortens the updating time to 30 s, which can meet the efficiency of online application.

Parallel Channel Feature Weighted Seizure Prediction Based on Multi-Scale Spatial and Temporal Factorization

Epileptic seizure prediction based on electroencephalography (EEG) plays an important role in the field. However, the existing epilepsy prediction methods have little modeling ability to capture the interaction between features, and the high redundancy of features leads to the limitations of model performance. In addition, the feature information guided by the multi-channel spatial location of the brain region is ignored. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a parallel channel feature-weighted seizure prediction network based on multi-scale temporal and spatial factorization (MS-STFM-PCFWNet). Specifically, the feature information of time domain and multi-channel spatial domain of brain region can be extracted by using feature matrix to fully learn the correlation between channels. Secondly, the multi-scale spatiotemporal Factorizer (MS-STFM) is utilized to combine and interact the features, and the correlation information between the features is captured. Finally, by combining the multi-scale Inception module with an efficient channel attention mechanism, a parallel channel feature weighted network (PCFWNet) is constructed to effectively learn multi-domain features and map the discriminant representation of epilepsy prediction. The proposed MS-STFM-PCFWNet is evaluated on public CHB-MIT and BONN datasets. The experimental results show that compared with the most advanced methods, the proposed method achieves excellent predictive performance, which can be used for early warning of epileptic seizures in specific patients.

Data assimilation for noise mapping using CNOSSOS - A Danish Case Study

Noise maps play a significant role in developing noise mitigation policies. However, maps based on noise simulation models are likely to be uncertain due to underlying model uncertainties and parameterization. This research work explores the feasibility of data assimilation techniques to address this issue. A noise measurement campaign was carried out at two locations in the Central Jutland Region of Denmark. Consequently, 76 days (1 September-15 November 2019) (N = 1824 hours) of measured hourly A-weighted, energy equivalent, sound pressure level data (LAeq1h in dBA) was available for this case study. In addition, traffic counting data was available. The LAeq1h (dBA) levels were then simulated using the EU noise prediction standard, CNOSSOS. The comparison of daily averaged measured and simulated noise levels reveals the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) in the range of 1.4 - 2.8 dBA. Subsequently, data assimilation techniques, such as the Best Linear Unbiased Estimator (BLUE) and Bayesian Inverse Inference, are used to produce improved, hourly, so-called analysis maps with the minimum error covariance. The oral presentation and short article will present details of model inputs and simulations, data assimilation as well as the strengths and limitations of this research.