Regional Input Output Research Articles

Indigenous land and sea management programs: Can they promote regional development and help “close the (income) gap”?

Throughout the world, there is growing recognition of the important role Indigenous people play in natural resource management and conservation. Indigenous Land and Sea Management Programs (ILSMPs; which provide funds to Indigenous people to support Indigenous land management activities) are also known to generate social and economic benefits, although relative few of these co‐benefits have been quantified. Using northern Australia as a case study, we analysed data on ILSMP expenditure within three regional input–output tables, learning more about the size and distribution of their associated regional economic benefits. We found ILSMPs make a significant contribution to regional economies—with multipliers commonly exceeding that of other key regional industries such as agriculture and mining. We also found ILSMP expenditures make a larger contribution to Indigenous household incomes than they do to non‐Indigenous incomes—thus helping to close the (income) gap. They will continue to do so, provided the proportion of ILSMP money spent on Indigenous (compared to non‐Indigenous) incomes does not fall below a threshold amount. Rather than finding evidence of a trade‐off between socio‐ecological and financial/economic goals, our results suggest ILSMPs, known for their ecological importance, can also make a vitally important contribution to economic development in rural areas.

The economic impact of tourism in Central Finland: a regional input–output study

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the total economic impact of tourism at the regional level in Central Finland. This paper aims to clarify the extent to which tourism contributes to regional output, employment, income and taxes in tourism-related sectors.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on a regional input–output analysis. The author calculates the effects of tourism on regional output, demand, wages, employment and national and regional taxes in Central Finland.FindingsThe author’s regional input–output analysis reveals that tourism has a substantial impact on production in Central Finland (including the direct and indirect effects of consumption by tourists in different sectors). Moreover, the effects of tourism expenditures on employment and residents’ incomes in tourism-related sectors in Central Finland are quite significant.Research limitations/implicationsMany limitations of this study stem from the assumptions of the input–output model. Other limitations relate to the analysis of the impacts of tourism on household taxes, savings, consumption and net income. Our study uses average figures, which may overstate the effect of tourist expenditures on taxes because tourism jobs are often low paying.Practical implicationsThe study yields results that can be used to frame regional policy. The results may be useful for policymakers in planning for tourist attractions. Furthermore, local authorities may use the results to guide decisions regarding infrastructure investments or improvements to the operating environment of tourism industries.Originality/valueMany studies analyse the economic impact of events at the regional level using input–output analysis. National-level tourism impact studies using the input–output technique have also been conducted. Studies focussed on the economic impact of tourism at the regional level typically examine the macroeconomic (income, output and employment) effects of tourism. Consequently, these studies have focussed on estimating output, employment and income multipliers (Mazumder et al., 2012). The author’s contribution is a regional input–output analysis of direct and indirect impacts of tourism expenditures on production, demand, wages, income and employment in the whole economy at the regional level (in Central Finland). The author also analyses the impacts of tourism on national and regional taxes. The results of this study could be used by planners and policymakers involved in regional planning and development.

Spanish Abstracts Journal of Industrial Ecology Volume 22, Number 3

Journal of Industrial EcologyVolume 22, Issue 3 p. 613-622 FOREIGN LANGUAGE ABSTRACTSFree Access Spanish Abstracts Journal of Industrial Ecology Volume 22, Number 3 First published: 21 May 2018 https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12680AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume22, Issue3Special Issue: the Global Multi Regional Input Output Database “EXIOBASE”June 2018Pages 613-622 Translations 《产业生态学报》中文摘要 (JIE Chinese Abstracts) Resúmenes en Español de la Revista de Ecología Industrial (JIE Spanish Abstracts) RelatedInformation

Chinese Abstracts Journal of Industrial Ecology Volume 22, Number 3

Journal of Industrial EcologyVolume 22, Issue 3 p. 603-612 FOREIGN LANGUAGE ABSTRACTSFree Access Chinese Abstracts Journal of Industrial Ecology Volume 22, Number 3 First published: 21 May 2018 https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12678AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume22, Issue3Special Issue: the Global Multi Regional Input Output Database “EXIOBASE”June 2018Pages 603-612 Translations 《产业生态学报》中文摘要 (JIE Chinese Abstracts) Resúmenes en Español de la Revista de Ecología Industrial (JIE Spanish Abstracts) RelatedInformation

A Study on the Interdependence between Exports and Regional Industries using the Regional Input-Output Model

A Study on the Interdependence between Exports and Regional Industries using the Regional Input-Output Model

Pomiar mnożnika w rozwoju rolnictwa

Celem artykułu było zaprezentowanie przeglądu badań na temat pomiaru mnożnika w rozwoju rolnictwa. Na początku, na podstawie literatury przedmiotu, przedstawiono kilka wybranych wyników analiz oraz wnioski, jakie z nich wypływają. Następnie szerzej omówiono dwie metody. Pierwsza z nich to macierz rachunkowości społecznej (SAM), dzięki której można obliczyć wartości mnożników dla poszczególnych krajów. Natomiast druga omówiona metoda to model input-output (przepływów międzygałęziowych), do której zalicza się model IMPLAN. Metoda ta pozwala oszacować regionalne tabele przepływów międzygałęziowych, obliczyć mnożniki oraz dokonać analizy wpływu przemysłu. Zaprezentowane wyniki badań pozwalają stwierdzić, że w gospodarkach mniejszych, które są bardziej otwarte, wielkość mnożnika jest niższa niż w gospodarkach większych. Można również zauważyć, że wśród badaczy nie ma zgodności co do wielkości mnożników.

The economic impact of pilgrimage: An economic impact analysis of pilgrimage expenditures in Galicia

In this article, we calculate the economic impact of pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela in the NUTS 2 region Galicia (Spain) in 2010. This economic impact is relevant to policymakers and other stakeholders dealing with religious tourism in Galicia. The analysis is based on the Input-Output model. Location Quotient formulas are used to derive the regional Input-Output table from the national Input-Output table of Spain. Both the Simple Location Quotient formula and Flegg’s Location Quotient formula are applied. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is carried out. We found that pilgrimage expenditures in 2010 created between €59.750 million and €99.575 million in Gross Value Added and between 1,362 and 2,162 jobs. Most of the impact is generated within the ‘Retail and Travel Services’ industry, but also the ‘Industry and Manufacturing’, ‘Services’ and ‘Financial and Real Estate Services’ industries benefit from pilgrimage expenditures. This research indicates that in even in the most conservative scenario, the impact of pilgrimage is significant on the local economy of Galicia.

Bayesian estimation of labor demand by age: theoretical consistency and an application to an input–output model

ABSTRACTExtended input–output models require careful estimation of disaggregated consumption by households and comparable sources of labor income by sector. The latter components most often have to be estimated. The primary focus of this paper is to produce labor demand disaggregated by workers’ age. The results are evaluated through considerations of its consistency with a static labor demand model restricted with theoretical requirements. A Bayesian approach is used for more straightforward imposition of regularity conditions. The Bayesian model confirms elastic labor demand for youth workers, which is consistent with what past studies find. Additionally, to explore the effects of changes in age structure on a regional economy, the estimated age-group-specific labor demand model is integrated into a regional input–output model. The integrated model suggests that ceteris paribus ageing population contributes to lowering aggregate economic multipliers due to the rapidly growing number of elderly workers who earn less than younger workers.

The Regional Input-Output Model for East Malaysia Region: Construction and Application

This study examines the importance of regional development planning to economic growth through the construction of regional input-output table for East Malaysia. It is particularly important because only limited past studies have been conducted on the construction of regional input-output table at the regional or state level in Malaysia and also, the usage of input-output model has received much attention in many countries as a planning tool for economic development. In the case of East Malaysia, it was carried out through applying the non-survey based method, namely RAS technique. Through the backward and forward linkage and multipliers analysis, this study found that agriculture and livestock; mining and quarrying; food manufacturing; petroleum products; and electronics and non-electronics; sectors were among the sectors with the highest backward linkage and multiplier coefficients in the East Malaysia region. So, by putting additional investment into these sectors will generate more output to the overall economic performance of these regions because of the ability of these sectors to attract the other sectors in the economy.

Construction of Regional Input-Output Tables for Fuji City and Its Applications

地方創生が叫ばれる中，地域経済の特徴を分析した上で効果的な施策の検討を行うため，市町村レベルの産業連関表の必要性が高まっている．富士市では，産業経済の活力を維持・向上させていく成長戦略「富士市都市活力再生ビジョン」の策定に伴い，平成17年富士市産業連関表を初めて作成し，更に「富士市まち・ひと・しごと創生総合戦略」の策定に伴い，平成23年富士市産業連関表を作成している．本稿では，実際に富士市の政策立案過程で作成した産業連関表の作成手法と作成した産業連関表の概要，及びその活用について解説する．特に，活用事例として，産業振興策の経済波及効果や人口減少による地域経済の影響の分析結果を紹介する．

MACROECONOMIC IMPACT OF EXPENDITURES ON HIGHER EDUCATION: REGIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS

This paper deals with the regional input-output analysis and its application to evaluation of the macro-economic impact of expenditures on higher education. Regional input-output tables represent newly developed tool which can be used for the assessment of the regional economic impact of the particular industry and its institutions. The regional input-output tables were experimentally constructed by the Department of Economic Statistics at the University of Economics for all 14 Czech regions. Employing them, we can demonstrate the impact of expenditures on higher education on the macro-economic indicators and employment. This paper deals with 1 billion Czech crowns expenditures on higher education sent by the Ministry to the hypothetical higher education institution. Finally, the impact of higher education expenditures is compared with the impact of expenditures to another industries (ICT, R&D and tourism).

New Mixed Method of CHARM-RAS for Generating Regional Input-Output Tables (RIOTs) of Gilan and Hormozgan Provinces, Iran

The application of CHARM for the estimation of RIOTs needs two residuals: exports and value added. The first one seems to be plausible whereas the second one is not appropriate for those countries like Iran which have regional accounts. The comparison of the regional sectoral value added and the regional GDP figures of Gilan and Hormozgan provinces derived from the CHARM method with corresponding official figures reveal underestimation of 2.4 per cent for Gilan province and overestimation of 9.9 per cent for Hormozgan province. These deviations are more pronounced in regional sectoral value added of two provinces. These observations raise an important question: why one should overlook and/or unnecessarily adjust the official data? To solve this issue a new mixed CHARM-RAS method is proposed. The overall findings show that first of all, as compared to the CHARM method, the proposed mixed method guarantees the regional sectoral value added and GDP of two provinces provided by SCI. Secondly, the degree of accuracy between two methods reveals that the proposed method outperforms the CHARM method in all the statistical methods.

Regional Economic Growth Disparities in Ukraine: Input-Output Analysis Approach

Abstract Regional inequalities in economic growth had been observed within many countries and regions. This research emphasizes convergence/divergence technique for Ukrainian regions. As concepts of β- and σ-convergence obtained from cross-country growth models has been subjected to a number of criticisms and they do not embrace applied significance in studying regional inequalities in Ukraine, we have built improved technique of investigating disparities across Ukrainian regions. The method is based on the analysis of regional input-output tables and its aggregation. Adopted technique provides weighted aggregation (by prices) of regional input-output tables that allows analyzing the structure of total for each region across sectors (or kinds of economic activity). We showed that implementation of aggregated regional input-output tables in analysis of regional convergence and the usage of equilibrium (weighted) prices have many advantages. The main finding is that among regions of Ukraine there are reduction of disparities in structures of different kinds of economic activities.

Explaining regional economic multipliers of tourism: does cross-regional heterogeneity exist?

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the determinants of tourism-related economic multipliers, which are calibrated from regional input–output tables of 30 Chinese provinces. Several latent class regression models are applied to capture cross-regional heterogeneity and investigate the determinants of output, income, and employment multipliers. Results indicate that the level of economic development is positively associated with output multiplier, and it is also positively associated with employment multiplier when the multiplier is large. Moreover, the size of tourism economy is negatively associated with employment multiplier when the multiplier is small. Some policy implications are presented based on empirical results.

How do interregional spillovers influence the distribution of technology? The case of Chinese manufacturing

ABSTRACTThe Chinese economy displays considerable inequality across regions. In this paper, we analyzed the distribution of intermediate input shares in China. We use regional input–output tables from 2007 and find that regions with higher GDP per capita generally had higher input shares, regardless of sector. Then, using intermediate input shares as a proxy of technology, we analyzed the pattern of regional technology distributions across manufacturing sectors as well as the extent of interregional technology spillovers. Our results indicate that interregional backward spillovers have significantly positive impacts on the shape of the technology distributions in eastern (coastal) regions. By contrast, the vertical spillovers of the central and western regions are largely dominated by intra-regional forward effects. Our results suggest that the shift of Chinese manufacturing from coastal to inland regions with lower production costs cannot reduce the imbalance among regions unless the technology gap is narrowed.

Regional input–output tables and trade flows: an integrated and interregional non-survey approach

ABSTRACTRegional input–output tables and trade flows: an integrated and interregional non-survey approach. Regional Studies. Regional analyses require detailed and accurate information about dynamics happening within and between regional economies. However, regional input–output tables and trade flows are rarely observed and they must be estimated using up-to-date information. Common estimation approaches vary widely but consider tables and flows independently. By using commonly used economic assumptions and available economic information, this paper presents a method that integrates the estimation of regional input–output tables and trade flows across regions. Examples of the method implementation are presented and compared with other approaches, suggesting that the integrated approach provides advantages in terms of estimation accuracy and analytical capabilities.

Evaluating production effects of economic activity in zones surrounding the nuclear power station in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan

We examine the production effects of economic activity in zones surrounding the Hamaoka nuclear power station in Shizuoka Prefecture before and after a natural disaster interrupts its operations. Using a regional input–output model and GIS employment data for Shizuoka Prefecture, we incorporate a hypothetical extraction method into the regional input–output framework. We then calculate impacts via backward and forward linkages among increasingly larger zones. We derive and compare density functions of effects transmitted via backward and forward linkages and assess economic implications for zones surrounding the nuclear plant. Results indicate that a production stoppage within zones generates large indirect negative effects on the regional economy. Our results suggest that disaster prevention and recovery policies consider industrial structures and their economic implications in zones surrounding nuclear plants. Our area-based approach is useful in evaluating the economic impacts of nuclear plants and analyzing economic losses from natural disasters in specific areas.

Assessment of the ripple effects and spatial heterogeneity of total losses in the capital of China after a great catastrophic shock

Abstract. The total losses caused by natural disasters have spatial heterogeneity due to the different economic development levels inside the disaster-hit areas. This paper uses scenarios of direct economic loss to introduce the sectors' losses caused by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (2008 WCE) in Beijing, utilizing the Adaptive Regional Input–Output (ARIO) model and the Inter-regional ripple effect (IRRE) model. The purpose is to assess the ripple effects of indirect economic loss and spatial heterogeneity of both direct and indirect economic loss at the scale of the smallest administrative divisions of China (streets, villages, and towns). The results indicate that the district of Beijing with the most severe indirect economic loss is the Chaoyang District; the finance and insurance industry (15, see Table 1) of Chaowai Street suffers the most in the Chaoyang District, which is 1.46 times that of its direct economic loss. During 2008–2014, the average annual GDP (gross domestic product) growth rate of Beijing was decreased 3.63 % by the catastrophe. Compared with the 8 % of GDP growth rate target, the decreasing GDP growth rate is a significant and noticeable economic impact, and it can be efficiently mitigated by increasing rescue effort and by supporting the industries which are located in the seriously damaged regions.

생산 대리변수로서 고용지표 사용의 적합성 분석: 지역투입산출모형을 중심으로

생산 대리변수로서 고용지표 사용의 적합성 분석: 지역투입산출모형을 중심으로

Mapping the international flows of GHG emissions within a more feasible consumption-based framework

During the last two decades, the scientific literature has focused on the allocation of emissions embodied in international trade by implementing accounting procedures based on consumer-oriented perspective. While the Multi Regional Input-Output analysis has been accepted by the scientific community as an alternative to the IPCC accounting, some concerns arise from the feasibility and the actual implementation of this methodology. In this paper, we apply a simplified framework recently introduced by Caro et al. (2014a), called NCI (National Carbon Intensity) method, and estimate the total CO2 emissions due to consumption in 175 countries during the period 2008–2012, with a focus on the Mediterranean area. We estimate CO2 emissions embodied in trade, assigning emission responsibility on the basis of each country's demand. Globally in 2012, 8129 Mt CO2 emissions were related to goods produced in one country and consumed outside its boundaries. A relevant example is the export from China to consumers located in the USA, Japan, and Germany. A focus on the Mediterranean area, that resulted as a net importer of CO2 embodied in traded goods, identifies the export of emissions from Italy and Spain to France and from Libya and Algeria to Italy as the dominant flows. The NCI method provides a realistic picture of emissions due to consumption that differs from high resolution Multi Regional Input-Output database by less than 10%. The method can be largely adopted as a more feasible preliminary step towards consumption-based emission accounting and responsibility assignment.