Regional Input-output Model Research Articles

Assessing the uk's geostrategic water footprint

The water footprint idea was recently proposed as a key indication for human-induced water use. The entire amount of water consumed during the production and consumption of products and services, as well as direct water consumption by people, is referred to as the water footprint. Water is used both directly and indirectly in manufacturing processes. As a result, estimating the water is necessary. We may use footprint to calculate the overall amount of water used throughout the whole global supply chain. In this article, we will discuss To assess the impact, build a regional input-output (IO) model that includes water consumption coefficients. For the South-East and North-East, respectively, residential water footprints for various usage categories Water used directly and indirectly throughout the regional supply chain in England and the United Kingdom. In we also compute overall water footprints, which include both residential and industrial water usage. Water used in other nations to make products and services that are imported and consumed in the area multi-regional input-output (MRIO) model was used to investigate the situation. In addition, both footprints contain the amount of water used directly by homes. In terms of the two areas, we can see a significant regional difference in regional (domestic) income. Water footprints between the water-scarce South-East and the water-rich North-East of the country England. We discovered that the South-East has a 22 percent larger household water footprint per capita than the rest of the country The North-East has the highest household water footprint per capita. Agriculture, food, and other major water users Hotel and catering, as well as products and electricity and gas production. Total water footprints per capita in the United States1257 m3 in the south-east/year) are almost double those in the north-east (597 m3)./year).Only the supply chain impacts and related water usage are included in the household water footprint. Inside regional borders, which are often more important to policymakers and water corporations Watersheds or borders are two terms for the same thing. The entire water footprint enables global impacts to be assessed and promotes global supply. In terms of resource use; it is also bringing concepts ofjustice and equality.

Envelhecimento populacional e financiamento público: análise do Rio Grande do Sul utilizando um modelo multissetorial

Os efeitos econômicos do envelhecimento populacional é um tema ainda pouco estudado em países em desenvolvimento. No contexto brasileiro, o Rio Grande do Sul é um dos estados com maiores taxas de envelhecimento populacional. Esta mudança demográfica altera o perfil do consumo da economia, influenciando outras variáveis relacionadas. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os impactos das mudanças demográficas na arrecadação de impostos sobre consumo no Rio Grande do Sul. Para isso, é utilizado um modelo de insumo-produto regional. Os resultados mostram que o envelhecimento populacional gera um perfil de consumo que reduz a carga destes impostos na economia.

A model of the indirect losses from negative shocks in production and finance.

Economies are frequently affected by natural disasters and both domestic and overseas financial crises. These events disrupt production and cause multiple other types of economic losses, including negative impacts on the banking system. Understanding the transmission mechanism that causes various negative second-order post-catastrophe effects is crucial if policymakers are to develop more efficient recovery strategies. In this work, we introduce a credit-based adaptive regional input-output (ARIO) model to analyse the effects of disasters and crises on the supply chain and bank-firm credit networks. Using real Japanese networks and the exogenous shocks of the 2008 Lehman Brothers bankruptcy and the Great East Japan Earthquake (March 11, 2011), this paper aims to depict how these negative shocks propagate through the supply chain and affect the banking system. The credit-based ARIO model is calibrated using Latin hypercube sampling and the design of experiments procedure to reproduce the short-term (one-year) dynamics of the Japanese industrial production index after the 2008 Lehman Brothers bankruptcy and the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake. Then, through simulation experiments, we identify the chemical and petroleum manufacturing and transport sectors as the most vulnerable Japanese industrial sectors. Finally, the case of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake is simulated for Japanese prefectures to understand differences among regions in terms of globally engendered indirect economic losses. Tokyo and Osaka prefectures are the most vulnerable locations because they hold greater concentrations of the above-mentioned vulnerable industrial sectors.

Regional Economic Impacts of Natural Resources: The Case of Petroleum, and Forestry and Logging in Sarawak

Extraction of natural resources has created significant contribution to the Malaysian economy as a whole. However, the growth and development of the industry do not necessarily bring considerable economic linkages to the local economy where the industry is located, thus fail to contribute to the welfare of local households. This paper validates this claim by examining the economic impacts of Crude Oil and Natural Gas; Petroleum Refinery; and Forestry and Logging industries on the state of Sarawak. For an empirical analysis, a regional input-output model that developed by using a so-called Simple Location Quotient technique, is used as the main methodology in this study. Results are consistent with our claim that the three industries show significant impacts on growth that measured by value added. However, socio-economic impacts that measured by employment are considerably low. The lower employment impacts can be supported by the two stylized facts. First, the extraction of natural resources is capital-intensive production. The activity requires skilled workers, which might be one of the factors contributing to lower income and job opportunities. Second, the industries are highly dependent on inputs from other states and from abroad, which eventually creates lower economic spill over effects within the state economy.

Estimating Economic Impacts of Sea Level Rise in Florianópolis (Brazil) for the Year 2100

Florianópolis is a city bathed by the ocean for most of its limits, which makes it a vulnerable environment to the effects of sea level rise (SLR). Thus, estimating the economic impacts of SLR in Florianópolis for the year 2100 may serve as a basis for designing public policies. The SLR scenario in Florianópolis for the year 2100 was generated by using geoprocessing techniques. In order to design the urban growth, the CityCell model was used and the economic impacts were estimated with the Adaptive Regional Input-Output (ARIO) model. The area affected in Florianópolis by SLR comprised 13.4% of its territory. The modeling for the year 2100 showed that the city will have a small urban growth. The direct cost of SLR in 2100 is predicted to reach 13 billion reals and the total cost is estimated to be 63 billion reals in the same year.

지역산업연관모델을 활용한 관광자원의 경제적 파급효과 분석: 광명동굴 내국인 방문객 지출을 중심으로

The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic impacts of Gwangmyeong Cave, a tourism resource located in Gyeonggi-do. Gwangmyeong Cave is a tourism resource that Gwangmyeong-si purchased as a closed mine and as a representative tourism destination of Korea. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, based on the expenditures of visitors to Gwangmyeong Cave, the results were applied to the regional input-output model. The tourism-related multiplier were derived by using the 2013 regional I/O table, and the expenditure of visitors to Gwangmyeong Cave was calculated by a on-site survey. Although the cave is a place that attracts not only domestic visitors but also foreign visitors, the economic effect by domestic visitors was calculated due to difficulty of investigating expenditure of foreigners. Based on the results of the analysis, meaningful implications for increasing the economic effect of Gwangmyeong Cave were presented.

Measuring the economic contribution of tourism to destinations within an input-output framework: some methodological issues

The input-output model is a traditional tool employed in the literature for measuring the contribution of an economic activity within a given territory. In the case of tourism, this methodological framework has been used to estimate the contribution of the tourism sector as a whole, and for specific products in the tourism market, such as cruise visits. The present paper computes the economic contribution of international tourism arriving at three major destinations on the Mediterranean coast of Spain; namely, Barcelona, Palma de Mallorca and Alicante. For each destination, both the country-level and regional-based input-output tables were employed, using the INTERTIO project, a regional input-output framework developed for the Spanish economy by the Lawrence Klein Institute of the Autonomous University of Madrid. The results show important differences in the magnitude of the computed economic effects between the country and regional approaches. To shed more light on the issue, we identify the main sources driving such dissimilar results, including the role of backward linkages of industries and the differing sectoral distributions of initial economic effects. Finally, we point to the role played by specific sectors in the model in amplifying the initial effects by using a centrality analysis of hub-and-authority effects. The methodological discussion in the paper helps to highlight the need for using the regional input-output model when available, and the other additional methodological tools we provide throughout the study for more accurately computing the economic impact of tourism for particular regions or destinations.

지역산업연관모델을 이용한 2019 대전국제농업기술전의 경제적 파급효과 분석

This study aims to estimate the economic impact of the Agricultural Machinery Show in Daejeon (TAMAS 2019) using a regional input-output(I-O) model. The survey was conducted to estimate expenditures of buyers (domestic and overseas), exhibitors (domestic and overseas) and organizers. The exhibition-related sectors were derived from Regional Input-Output transactions table developed by the Bank of Korea(2015). The multipliers were estimated in terms of output, income, value added, indirect tax, import, and employment. The result of this study indicate that the Agricultural Machinery Show in Daejeon (TAMAS 2019) generated 3,243 million KRW in terms of output, 764 million KRW in income, 1,585 million KRW in value-added, 20 million KRW in indirect tax, 141 million KRW in import, and 50 paid and unpaid full-time jobs.

Assessing the Indirect Economic Losses of Sea Ice Disasters: An Adaptive Regional Input-Output Modeling Approach

Assessing the Indirect Economic Losses of Sea Ice Disasters: An Adaptive Regional Input-Output Modeling Approach

Assessing policy impacts on the economy of European insular rural regions: the case of the smaller Aegean islands programme

ABSTRACT European Islands have specific characteristics in relation to the mainland that led the European Union to the establishment of the ‘Programme of Options Specifically Relating to Remoteness and Insularity-POSEI’ and a programme with specific measures for the smaller Aegean islands (SAI). The study stresses key aspects of the programme and to assesses its effectiveness through its contribution to the local rural economy. Employing a regional Input-Output model, it is indicated that the economic contribution of the programme to the islands, is marginal and the key benefits are related directly to the beneficiaries as supplementary income and indirectly to the local economies.

지역산업연관모델을 이용한 외국인전용 카지노산업의 경제적 파급효과분석: 지방세수증대에 미치는 영향을 중심으로

This article analyzes the positive aspect of the casino industry through econometric tools, which has negatively been perceived so far. For this, the economic and local tax revenue impact analysis on the foreign casino industry is done with regional input-output model. This study employs total sales of foreign casino industry in South Korea as a final demand. More specifically, we analyze output impact, value-added impact, and employment effect with total sales of foreign casino industry in 2017, separating within-without regional effects.<BR> To analyze the fiscal impact of the foreign casino industry on the regional government, we study the effects of taxes less subsidies on products. Our results indicate that in 2017, foreign casino industry in South Korea generates 213.7 billion dollars of output effects, 87.4 billion dollars of value-added effects, and 25.4 billion dollars of local taxes effects.

지역산업연관분석을 이용한 지역축제의 경제적 파급효과 분석 : 2018 영주 한국선비문화축제를 중심으로

The purpose of this study is to estimate the regional economic impacts of 2018 Yeongju Seonbi Culture festival using a regional input-output model. Since various problems which most regional festivals faced with showed, the importance of estimating regional festival

입체적 중복이용 정비사업이 지역경제에 미치는 파급효과 연구- 오오하시 잇쵸메(大橋一丁目)지구 정비계획을 중심으로

Purpose: A number of case studies were introduced since 1989 when Japan implemented the multi-level road development system. The Ohashi 1-chome modification plan from 1990 was a comprehensive plan that adopted the double use zoning strategy and is a case study that shows how the road and the redevelopment project were practiced together through the cooperative relationship between Tokyo and the local residents. It is also seen as a based model for future projects. Using the regional input-output model, this study takes an empirical approach to analyze the economic ripple effect of Ohashi 1-chome modification plan within and beyond the regional borders of Tokyo. Method: The effects are explained using the new regional input-output table that is set to Tokyo of 2005 when the exogenous method took place in the construction sector. For consistency, the analysis of the specialized industries and growth factors were applied to the industrial division and the regional input-output table were restructured with 26 industry elements. Through the regional input-output model, this study aims to examine the induced effect of Ohashi 1-chome modification plan on promoting production, employment, income and value added within and beyond the regional industrial borders of Tokyo. Result: The regional economic effects of Ohashi 1-chome modification plan on the construction sector sums up to the input of 117.7 billion, and after the modification process, Tokyo area is estimated to generate 51.5 billion worth of production, and 79.3 billion outside Tokyo. The induced number of people searching for jobs is estimated at 5,307 people within Tokyo and 4,957 people outside Tokyo, the employment figure is estimated at 9,023 people within Tokyo and 4,026 people outside Tokyo.

지역간계량가격투입산출모형을 활용한 최저임금 변화의 지역경제효과 분석

지역간계량가격투입산출모형을 활용한 최저임금 변화의 지역경제효과 분석

A Model for Indirect Losses of Negatives Shocks in Production and Finance

The Japanese economy has been frequently affected by natural disasters and domestic and overseas financial crises. These events cause production disruption and several other economic losses including the negative impacts on the banking system. The understanding of the transmission mechanism that causes various negative second-order effects post-catastrophe is crucial for policymakers in order to define more efficient strategies for recovery. We introduce in this work the credit-based adaptive regional input-output (ARIO) model to analyze the effects of disaster and crisis on the supply chain and the bank-firm credit networks. Using the exogenous shocks of the 2008 Lehman Brothers bankruptcy and the Great East Japan Earthquake (March 11, 2011), this paper has three research objectives. First, investigate how Japanese listed firms' strategies differ between financial crisis and natural disaster. Second, show how exogenous shocks related to those catastrophic events are transferred to the Japanese banks through the bank-firm network. Third, investigate the most vulnerable Japanese industrial sectors and Japanese geographic locations when hit by a financial crisis and natural disaster, respectively. The model is initialized based on the real supplier-customer network of Japanese listed firms, the real borrowing-lending network of Japanese banks and Japanese listed firms, and the financial statements of these firms. The credit-based ARIO model is calibrated using the Latin hypercube sampling and the design of experiments to reproduce the short-term (one year) dynamics of the index of industrial production of Japan post the 2008 Lehman Brothers bankruptcy and the 2011 Great earthquake in Japan. We reproduced by simulation the Japanese economic dynamics post these two disastrous events. We show how the disruption of production caused by financial crisis or natural disaster is transferred to the banking system by generating additional non-performing loans and liquidity pressure. Then, by simulation experiments we identify the most vulnerable Japanese industrial sectors as the chemical and petroleum manufacturing, and the transport, since those sectors are damaged by a crisis similar to the 2008 financial crisis. The impact on the global economy is measured and the systemic risk of industrial sectors is explained by their position in the supply chain network. Finally, the scenario of the 2011 Great earthquake is simulated on Japanese prefectures to understand differences between regions in terms of global engendered indirect economic losses. Tokyo and Osaka prefectures are the vulnerable geographic locations because of the higher concentration of those vulnerable industrial sectors.

Identifying Electric Power Demand in Structural Path Analysis: A Case Study of 30 Chinese Provinces

Electricity demand is inseparable from resources, environment,and social and economic development. However, the traditional study of electricity consumption cannot effectively explore the indirect power consumption that may be hidden in the supply chain of the whole industry. Therefore, this study adopts a structural path analysis method to connect the whole supply chain of China's social economy with the final consumption of various industries, which can excavate the indirect power consumption in the supply chain.The main work is as follows: 1) Set up a national regional input-output model based on supply chain, and the model removed imports on the influence of various industries. 2) Analyze the final demand impact on electricity consumption. 3) Tracking the consumption of electricity through the domestic supply chain. This method is applied to 30 provinces (total 900 industries) in China, this method was applied to 30 provinces (total 900 industries) in China, and the result analysis showed that Fix capital formation - Shandong's construction - Shandong's Metallurgy was the maximum path of power consumption, which proved that the proposed method can effectively track the indirect consumption of the electric power.

지역산업연관모델을 이용한 지역축제의 경제적 파급효과 분석 : 2017년 울진 워터피아페스타를 중심으로

지역산업연관모델을 이용한 지역축제의 경제적 파급효과 분석 : 2017년 울진 워터피아페스타를 중심으로

The Economic Impact of Long-term Care Services

Projections show sharp increases in public spending on long-term care services across Europe. However, a purely cost based focus on long-term care services is economically misleading. Private and public expenditure on long-term care services directly and indirectly generate income in the form of salaries, taxes and social security contributions. The aim of this paper is to quantify the economic impact and multipliers of long-term care services for the first time. Based on an econometric regional input-output model for Austria, we estimate the direct, indirect and induced effects of public and private expenditures on value added, employment, taxes and social security contributions. According to our results, each Euro spent on long-term care services is associated with domestic value added of 1.7 EUR as well as 0.7 EUR in taxes and social security contributions. The economic multipliers of the long-term care services are comparatively high due to the high share of wages and salaries in direct expenditure and the associated high direct value added. Public expenditure on professional care services should therefore not be regarded merely as a cost factor in the public budget. Rather, this rapidly growing economic sector is also an increasingly important economic factor in a time of ageing societies.

Evaluation of the impacts of CAP policy measures on a local economy: The case of a Greek region

The amendments of the 2014–2020 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) have brought about significant changes to the European farming systems. These changes have an additional impact on the Greek economy and agriculture, within a period of ongoing recession. The present study attempts to estimate economy wide potential impacts that the implementation of the reformed CAP may induce on a regional economy, employing Input-Output analysis. An endeavor is made to analyze and evaluate the impact of Pillar II measures on output, income and employment levels of the Greek region of Central Macedonia for the period of 2014–2020. A regional Input-Output model was constructed employing the GRIT along with the FLQ formula for the regionalization procedure. The results indicate that the implementation of Pillar II measures has a weak positive impact on the regional economy, both on its output and income levels.

A Study on the Interdependence between Exports and Regional Industries using the Regional Input-Output Model

A Study on the Interdependence between Exports and Regional Industries using the Regional Input-Output Model