Regional Growth Model Research Articles

Thermal, structural, and petrological evidence for 1400-Ma metamorphism and deformation in central New Mexico

Amphibolites from the Manzano Mountains, New Mexico, include two chemically and microstructurally distinct amphibole populations. Petrographic and electron-microprobe studies show that early actinolite is overgrown and crosscut by younger foliation-forming hornblende. An older foliation defined by actinolite porphyroclasts (S 1 ) is discordant to the regionally extensive hornblende foliation (S 2 ). Microstructural relationships both in amphiboles and muscovite-chlorite schists indicate that S 1 and S 2 record two distinct episodes of metamorphism and deformation, rather than a single progressive event. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronologic analyses on hornblende, actinolite, muscovite, and biotite constrain timing of the youngest metamorphic/deformational event. Most amphiboles yield complex 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age spectra, but two hornblende concentrates give preferred ages of 1410 ± 12 Ma and 1399.1 ± 5.4 Ma, and one actionlite has a preferred age of 1391.6 ± 5.0 Ma, suggesting cooling below ∼450°C at this time. These ages are interpreted to record the timing of near-peak metamorphism. Muscovite sampled over a 1.5-km vertical section of muscovite-chlorite schists shows an age discordance, with the structurally highest sample being ∼50 m.y. older than the structurally lowest sample. This age discordance is interpreted to sugest cooling from ∼300°C at 0.5°C/m.y. following the peak of ca. 1400-Ma metamorphism. Biotites from similar structural levels yield variable preferred ages, which range from 1402.6 ± 5.1 to 1267.8 ± 5.7 Ma and corroborate the slow cooling suggested by the muscovite results. Together, the thermochronologic, structural, and petrologic data support a model of regional deformation, metamorphism, and mineral growth at ca. 1450–1400 Ma. These data add to a growing body of evidence from the southwestern United States that ca. 1400-Ma plutonism was not anorogenic, but rather was contemporaneous both with metamorphism and deformation.

Increasing returns, migrations and convergence

The paper investigates the link between convergence and factor mobility. It contrasts the predictions of exogenous growth models (where factor mobility is found to promote convergence) with endogenous growth models (where factor mobility invariably leads to a cumulative process of regional divergence). The paper develops a simple model of regional growth with mobile factors, increasing returns to scale and diminishing returns to the reproducible factor. It also tries to provide more solid microfoundations to the specification of the migration choice. Because of diminishing returns to the reproducible factor, the economy will not be able to generate endogenous self-sustaining growth. Nevertheless, the results suggest that, even in the context of an exogenous growth model, convergence is not warranted. However, convergence may occur, for some particular constellations, despite the presence of increasing returns to scale. More precisely, it is shown that convergence is more likely the greater is the scope for scale economies and (somewhat paradoxically) the lower is the degree of labor mobility.

Incremental Regionalism: Staged Approach to Development of Regional Transportation Organizations

Recent efforts to form a regional transportation organization for the greater Charlotte, North Carolina, region are discussed. The 13-county area, more than 126 km (75 mi) across, is uniformly low density and consists of 43 independent jurisdictions and cities, five state department of transportation districts, and five metropolitan planning organizations in two states. Regional travel patterns are just beginning to emerge along the highly radial road network. Since the late 1980s, at least four attempts to form consensus on regional transportation planning needs have been made but all have failed to galvanize. The history of these efforts is traced, and the causes of success and failure are reviewed. It is suggested that failure occurred primarily because the region is not yet truly integrated economically and the regional plans were politically too advanced. An incremental model of regional organization growth is then proposed. In this model organizational structure is related to the demography, commuter patterns, and physical, economic, and political regional integration over the next 30 years. Regions go through 17 definable steps as they emerge from separate cities and become part of large metropolises. The key roles of policy officials, businesses, staff, and others in facilitating regional planning in the absence of regional structure are explored.

Incremental Regionalism: Staged Approach to Development of Regional Transportation Organizations

Recent efforts to form a regional transportation organization for the greater Charlotte, North Carolina, region are discussed. The 13-county area, more than 126 km (75 mi) across, is uniformly low density and consists of 43 independent jurisdictions and cities, five state department of transportation districts, and five metropolitan planning organizations in two states. Regional travel patterns are just beginning to emerge along the highly radial road network. Since the late 1980s, at least four attempts to form consensus on regional transportation planning needs have been made but all have failed to galvanize. The history of these efforts is traced, and the causes of success and failure are reviewed. It is suggested that failure occurred primarily because the region is not yet truly integrated economically and the regional plans were politically too advanced. An incremental model of regional organization growth is then proposed. In this model organizational structure is related to the demography, commuter patterns, and physical, economic, and political regional integration over the next 30 years. Regions go through 17 definable steps as they emerge from separate cities and become part of large metropolises. The key roles of policy officials, businesses, staff, and others in facilitating regional planning in the absence of regional structure are explored.

A FUZZY REGIONAL GROWTH MODEL TO CONTROL FOR REGIONAL INCOME DISPARITIES THAT ARISE IN A MODIFIED RAHMAN MODEL

ABSTRACT This paper reports on a first step towards controlling regional income disparities that arise in a modified Rahman model. The study is based on the use of the concept of fuzzy numbers from fuzzy set theory and the motions of an optimism and pessimistic optimal solution. A particular algorithm is advanced and detailed stimulations are discussed that focus on the controllability of the minimum share if investment. The fuzzy regional growth model codicils of a relatively easy to implement system with a fuzzy condition that can be extended to allow for a range of disparities in a system of regions.

Technology, Industrial Restructuring, and Regional Development

ABSTRACT This paper presents a contemporary survey and synthesis of research on the regional dimensions of technology and competitiveness and explores ways in which technological change has influenced industrial restructuring in U.S. regions. Neoclassical models of regional growth are judged to be seriously wanting in their treatment of technological change. Industrial organization theories such as product/profit cycles, best‐practice firms, and flexible specialization have proven to be more illuminating. However, the task remains to integrate technology as a core element in a geography of production and regional economic change that includes both global strategic decision‐making of companies and the viability of plants in particular regional settings. Although the federal government as sponsor and procurer of technology has contributed significantly to regional industrial restructuring, the prospects for state and local governments to facilitate technological change appear to be very limited.

A Regional Equilibrium Growth Model and its Disequilibrium Dynamics: A One Sector Approach

GIRARDI R. and PAELINCK J. H. P. (1994) A regional equilibrium growth model and its disequilibrium dynamics: a one sector approach, Reg. Studies 28, 305–317. This paper deals with the problem of regional disequilibria. Its central concern is the derivation of an equilibrium and a disequilibrium growth model, based on the concept of location elasticities. The equilibrium model is based on the general idea that the production of a region, for a given sector, would be in equilibrium if every regional firm has located efficiently according to the regional location factor profile; the disequilibrium model is developed assuming an adaptation process towards equilibrium. The model explains growth as the sum of an equilibrium and a disequilibrium component. The condition for a regional equilibrium growth pattern shows that adaptation is more difficult for regions with a small share of production because they have to follow a pattern of growth defined by regions with higher shares. The disequilibrium model also hi...

The Fuzzy Regional Growth Model for the Redistribution Allocation of Regional Investment Arising from Modified Rahman Type Model.

This paper reports on studies into the controllability of the regional income disparities and redistribution allocation of regional investment arising from the modified Rahman Type Model using the concepts of fuzzy numbers in fuzzy set theory and the optimistic and pessimistic optimal solutions. One theorem and six corollaries and the detailed simulations concentrating on the controllability of minimum proportion of investment and redistribution allocation of regional investment are discussed. The Fuzzy Regional Growth Model represents relatively easy-to-implement system with an fuzzy condition which can be extended to a variety of disparities and redistribution allocation of regional investment among systems of regions.

The Role of Amenities in a General Equilibrium Model of Regional Migration and Growth

Economists have been steadily refining the theoretical framework developed by Sherwin Rosen [25] to determine the implicit prices of amenities. Rosen's model was a partial equilibrium model which focused on the behavior of households as consumers. Jennifer Roback [23; 24] substantially expanded Rosen's model by explicitly including the behavior of firms in a more general framework which she used to measure the value of amenities. Blomquist, Berger, and Hoehn [3] extended the Roback model by incorporating intraregional as well as interregional differences in amenities. However, their basic theoretical framework is the same as that proposed by Roback. Other works in this literature which have been based on Roback's model are primarily empirical in nature, for example, see Beeson and Eberts [2]. In a recent paper, Voith [31] modifies Roback's model by incorporating local as well as regional amenities and by recognizing that the effect of an amenity on wages and rents may differ depending upon the nature 6f the community, i.e., whether the community is residential, commercial, or mixed use. Voith also presents empirical results with mixed success.

Technology and economic development: the dynamics of local, regional, and national change

Part 1 Economic growth and decline - theories and facts: global production technology, regions, and economic development regional disparity - cores and peripheries growth or development? regional planning technological capability. Part 2 The measurement of regional economic activity: the economic base and regional multipliers which economic base is best? sectoral change and economic development the service sector - engine of growth?. Part 3 Regional growth theory and policy - the burden of conventional wisdom: production functions and equilibrium - the neoclassical model disequilibrium models of regional growth and development development as a temporal process regional policy toward indigenous potential linkages, multilocational firms and technology. Part 4 Technological capability - the core of economic development: the linear model of technological change the impact of the product cycle on regional development technological change in the Third World learning technology learning and economic development. Part 5 Innovation in the firm - high technology in teh corporate context: the growth of corporate innovation management of technology science-push or market-pull? technology - a long wave view high technology industries - problems of definition and significance technological strategies of firms corporate organization of R and D activities global competition and strategic alliances licensing strategies and technological capability. Part 6 The location of economic activities - flexibility and agglomeration: industrial location and the role of labour large corporations and the spatial division of labour the location of non-production activities post-weberian location theory flexibility. Part 7 Creating technological places - nations, regions, and localities: national policies toward high technology industrial and technology policy in the third World technology transfer policies for regional high tech development directing technology. Part 8 Entrepreneurship and regional development: entrepreneurship - the problem of definition sectoral variations in firm formation entrepreneurial or creative regions venture capital and entrepreneurship incubators and spin-offs policies to promote entrepreneurship the prospects for policy in advanced countries entrepreneurship in the Third World. Part 9 Development in a fast-paced world - challenges and questions: technology and competitiveness the importance of skills infrastructure for development the challenge confronting the Third World the regional context of technological change.

The Regional Growth Model for the Control of Regional Income Disparities: A Survey in Japan

The Regional Growth Model for the Control of Regional Income Disparities: A Survey in Japan

Multi-district System Dynamics Model of Regional Growth in the Southern Part of Jiangsu Province and Shanghai Municiparity in China

Multi-district System Dynamics Model of Regional Growth in the Southern Part of Jiangsu Province and Shanghai Municiparity in China

Demographic change, provincial fiscal behaviour, and regional economic growth

Demographic differences from province to province and region to region have an effect on economic growth in Canada both directly by changing the skill and productivity mix of regional populations and indirectly by influencing the levels of regional taxes and public expenditures. The interaction of these variables can be captured best in a regional general equilibrium model of regional growth and migration which is an extremely expensive undertaking. In the absence of such a model it is possible to consolidate a set of observations based on partial equilibrium studies. These studies suggest the following process: 1) demographic differences across regions give rise to differences in tax rates; 2) differences in tax rates cause interregional migration; 3) interregional migration causes unfavorable demographic effects in regions people leave; and 4) these effects in turn reduce economic growth both directly through reduced productivity of the labor force and indirectly as tax rates rise even further in order to support proportionately greater public expenditures from a reduced tax base. These observations suggest that market solutions to the problem of interregional allocation of labor may not be the most effective approach.

OPTIMAL REGIONAL GROWTH MODELS: MULTIPLE OBJECTIVES, SINGULAR CONTROLS, AND SUFFICIENCY CONDITIONS

ABSTRACT We develop a generalized Harrod‐Domar type of model for optimal regional growth which allows determination of the optimal allocation of regional public investments and which considers multiple growth objectives, as well as both normal and singular fiscal instruments. This general model is shown to include most of the previous optimal regional growth models as special cases. Necessary conditions for some special cases of the general model are analyzed in detail, and decision rules associated with derived optimal regional growth policies are articulated. These special cases verify that singular controls do exist in certain instances, and that they must be considered for the complete specification of optimal regional growth policies; this is significant because singular controls have not been previously analyzed in the literature. We conclude the paper with a discussion of sufficiency conditions for optimal regional growth models which is more general than that given by previous authors.

A Social Welfare Approach to Regional Convergence

The discussion of regional convergence has been carried out without attention to the question of regional income distributions. To a large extent this has reflected the importance attached to per capita income in models of national and regional growth. From such a vantage point, distribution is of secondary importance. We wish to broaden the discussion of regional comparisons to include the entire regional income distribution.

Old Industrial Areas: A Theoretical Approach

The paper tries to put forward a hypothesis for the changing fortunes of old industrial areas. A regionalized version of the product cycle hypothesis is used as a link for various aspects of the lost dynamics of this type of region, as interpreted by different models of regional growth. It offers an endogenous explanation for the change from prosperous to 'old'. Old industrial areas are at the end of a regional 'life cycle', a stage of development that is marked by inflexibilities of the regions' supply and a lack of innovative ability. Some implications of this approach for policy implementation are considered.

A NEOCLASSICAL MODEL OF REGIONAL GROWTH IN INDONESIA

ABSTRACTIn this paper a neoclassical model of regional growth is specified, estimated, and applied to the provinces of Indonesia. While parametric estimates indicate that factors of production respond as expected to neoclassical incentives, the attractiveness of growing regions for capital and labor inputs leads to instability and divergence among regions when the model is solved dynamically. A simulation of government intervention via a policy of encouraging capital growth in lagging regions demonstrates the potential of reversing such effects and encouraging regional convergence.

The concept of local development: A stages model of endogenous regional growth

The concept of local development: A stages model of endogenous regional growth

Interurban population and capital accumulations and structural stability

A nonlinear dynamical model of urban and regional economic growth in labor and capital stock is presented which draws from the literature of mathematical ecology. By stating the problem of urban and regional development in a Volterra-Lotka type system of differential equations, points of bifurcating behavior in urban and regional structure are obtained. It is suggested that the recent abrupt phenomena of change in regional and urban population accumulations in the U.S. could be captured by such model formulation.

Technology and Regional Development: A Survey

This paper reviews the literature on the role of technology and technological change in regional development. Three specific themes are identified. First, traditional approaches to technology include those found in models of regional growth, in analyses of innovation diffusion, and in economic analysis of technological change. Second, recent research on regional development has involved technology from two perspectives—that of regional economic structure and that of innovation in the strategies and management of large corporations. Third, the underdevelopment of Third World countries has been attributed in part to technological dependence. The possibilities are abundant for research that would add to current understanding of regional development in an age of rapid technological change.