Regional Elections Research Articles

New Media: Analisis Kritik Netizen terhadap Kampanye Politik Identitas Ganjar Pranowo melalui Azan Stasiun TV pada Media Sosial TikTok

Indonesia is ready to participate in the simultaneous elections in 2024. Concerns ahead of the elections revolve around political identity issues, which have been a recurring theme in various elections in the country, including presidential, legislative, and regional head elections. Political actors utilize mass media to build public trust and shape their image in the eyes of the public. TikTok, a popular social media application with over 689 million users worldwide as of January 2021, has become a platform for expressing both supportive and opposing comments regarding the presidential candidates in 2024. This research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach, with the main data source being the TikTok social media platform. The research data consists of netizen comments containing criticism related to political identity issues. Data collection for this research involves documenting screen responses to netizen comments expressing criticism of political identity. The research findings explain how netizens respond to political identity issues.

Fair Elections, Representation, and the win-loss Satisfaction with Democracy gap

ABSTRACT A substantial literature on public democratic satisfaction argues that system satisfaction is based on how the election transpires and the policy outcomes citizens anticipate from the electoral results. In a functioning democracy, citizens elect a government in fair elections and the election outcomes reflect the electorate’s views. Winners of both national and regional elections are regularly found to be more satisfied with their democracy than losers. This study shows that the perceived fairness and representativeness of the electoral results moderate this disparity by narrowing the satisfaction gap between electoral winners and electoral losers; this effect is concentrated in the evaluation of national elections. While respondents are more satisfied with their national and regional democracies when they run free and fair elections, perceived electoral fairness and outcome representativeness only moderate electoral outcomes’ effects at the national level. By manipulating the public’s reserve of democratic satisfaction, public perception of the elections’ fairness and responsiveness can undermine or support democratic opinion.

The Challenge of Identity Politics in The 2024 Election

Identity and representation are two significant things in human life. While religion and ethnicity are two things that become the identity and representation of humans. The democratic process in Indonesia is inseparable from the political orientation of identity and representation. This research is qualitative in nature, focusing on the case of the 2018-2022 DKI Regional Election in the second round. The case will be analyzed using the theory of identity politics and political representation. The results show that identity politics orientation and political representation affect the democratic process. Democratization that upholds freedom is the basis for every individual to actualize themselves, including in political matters. The individual freedom guaranteed by the constitution in Indonesia reflects the high popularity of this democratic system. However, this freedom has ultimately made the divide between identities (religion, ethnicity, language, gender, etc.) in Indonesia clearer, especially in relation to the nation's political issues. The issue of religion and nationalism are two identities that are currently being debated in Indonesia. The polemics of identity politics are increasingly tapering until the emergence of truth claims that one interest group is better than other interest groups, this interest affair then begins to divide the nation that previously upheld differences.

The costs and benefits of governing in a multi-level system

ABSTRACT In recent years the ‘cost of governing’ has significantly increased for some mainstream political parties. In a context of financial uncertainty, multiple crises and growing constraints exerted by global forces, being a ‘natural’ party of government is no longer regarded as an electoral advantage. This is particularly true for parties that have moved from a position of clear dominance within ruling coalitions to a more subordinate role. In this article, focusing on the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and using an original dataset, we aim to provide a more nuanced assessment of the effects of incumbency by examining regional electoral performance since 1990. It appears that sub-national incumbency can be beneficial in regional elections, especially when a party faces significant costs of governing at the national level. However, this advantage is only applicable if the party holds a leading position in the regional executive. On the contrary, being a junior coalition partner at both national and regional levels may further exacerbate electoral decline for the party.

RESILIENSI DAN TRANSFORMASI KOMUNIKASI KEPEMIMPINAN PEREMPUAN PESANTREN: DARI TRADISIONAL KE SEKULER DI ERA POSTMODERNISME

The era of globalization and modernism has colored the movement of
 Islamic boarding school
 women to appear in the public sector, but at the same time they are required to successfully carry
 out their duties as housewives. Conventionally, postmodernist feminist construction is in the dual
 role of Islamic boarding school wo
 men in the family and public sector, namely women who have
 a Islamic boarding school background in the field of religion or people who gain legitimacy as
 teachers or mothers. The Islamic boarding school women's movement is top
 -
 down because the
 production o
 f religious knowledge and truth is determined by the religious elite so that the public
 becomes an object that must submit to the elite. The era of new religious movements changed the
 tendency of Islamic boarding school women's thinking paradigm from the d
 omestic area to shift
 to public spaces such as becoming regional heads after the direct regional head election (pilkada)
 system in Indonesia. This paper aims to analyze the movement of Islamic boarding school women
 in the postmodern era in managing their d
 ual roles as housewives and career women in the public
 domain. From descriptive and content analysis of qualitative research data, it shows that the
 postmodern Islamic boarding school women's movement is able to shift the religious paradigm
 from traditiona
 l conventionalism to modern secularism. The conclusion of this article is about the
 election of Islamic boarding school women as regional heads, showing the collapse of patriarchal
 culture in the current postmodern era. This article provides suggestions th
 at affirmative action is
 needed for women to improve education, so that they are able to take part in the development of
 the nation and state

Analisis Budaya Patriarki dalam Partisipasi Politik Perempuan: Studi Kasus Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Tahun 2005-2020 di Kota Depok

Patriarchal culture creates gender stereotypes, limited access to political networks, and a social stigma for women who want to be involved in political activities. The gender gap is also evident in political representation where women hold a smaller percentage of political positions than men. The city of Depok, as a buffer zone for the capital city, is still thick with this culture, as evidenced by the minimal participation of women in regional elections from year to year. This study will analyze the obstacles to women's political participation in Indonesia caused by patriarchal culture. The case study used is the 2005-2020 Pilkada in Depok City. This research is a qualitative - explanatory research using observation and literature studies to find a deeper understanding of the problems being faced. This study uses three main theories, namely the theory of patriarchy, political participation, and gender stereotypes. From the data that has been analyzed, the main cause of the low political participation of women in the Pilkada in Depok City from 2005-2020 is the strong patriarchal culture. Several factors cause the patriarchal culture to continue to develop in Depok City, namely gender stereotypes, low political education, double burden, and weak political party support for women during elections. This study recommends policy interventions in efforts to increase the level of education for women such as increasing women's representation in political parties, increasing the level of education for women, and empowering women in various sectors such as entrepreneurship, health, and so on to eliminate patriarchal culture and increase women's political participation in Indonesia.

Mobilization of the Empty Box Volunteer Movement to Face the Single Candidate in the 2020 Pilkada of Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatra Province

This article aims to find out about the mobilization of the empty box movement facing a single candidate in the Humbang Hasundutan Regional Election, North Sumatra Province in 2020. The problem focuses on the emergence of the empty box volunteer movement in the Humbang Hasundutan Regional Election in 2020. In order to approach this problem, theoretical references from Edwards and McCarthy are used, namely Resource Mobilization theory. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and triangulation as well as literature review and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that the emergence of Empty Box Volunteers in Humbang Hasundutan, which was initiated by the Humbang Hasundutan Democracy Care Forum, was caused by the disappointment of elements of society with political parties which were considered to be harming democracy because they limited the choice of regional head candidates.

ANOMALI DEMOKRASI INDONESIA: Kontroversi Peningkatan Partisipasi Politik pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah dalam masa Pandemi Covid-19

This study discusses the implementation of regional head elections in Indonesia which took place during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study focuses on explaining the high level of voter turnout when Covid-19 hit Indonesia in 2020 which exceeded the turnout rate in normal situations and contrary to the trend of declining global voter turnout. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods with secondary data obtained from official government institutions (especially the election commission and Ministry of Health), mass media both newspapers and other social media, as well as the results of research conducted by other researchers. The results showed that the high level of voter turnout during the Covid-19 pandemic was an anomaly of democracy in the midst of activity restrictions and the trend of declining global voter turnout. The high voter turnout during the Covid-19 pandemic was inversely proportional to the economic downturn and public confidence in government. This study found that the main factor for increasing voter turnout during the Covid-19 pandemic was the massive mobilization of social assistance funds from the government. Theoretically, this is a synthesis of the mobilization model and the general incentives model of participation in a pragmatic context.

DESIGNING DIRECT REGIONAL HEAD ELECTIONS BY THE GENERAL ELECTION COMMISSION AMIDST THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

This study aims to understand the challenges faced in the implementation of direct regional elections by the General Election Commission amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia in 2020. The research method used is empirical juridical with a field research approach. Data were obtained through interviews with election coordinators and document analysis related to the implementation of elections. The results showed that the implementation of local elections in Indonesia in 2020 faced challenges due to disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, such as ensuring compliance with health protocols, poor internet quality, violations related to the procurement of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), public concerns about the spread of COVID-19, disruption of the election process due to delays in resources and infrastructure, and candidate partners (paslon) who often ignore health protocols during their campaigns. Overcoming these challenges requires effective coordination and communication among election coordinators, strict implementation of health protocols, adjustments to schedules, stages, programs, and budgets, and increased community participation. The government also needs to pay attention to the availability of sufficient funds to ensure the smooth implementation of the election.

Perception of the Media Discourse on Migration in Spain before and During Covid-19: Different Stakeholders’ Views and Good Practices

Owing to Covid-19, migration was not a main media topic in Spain in 2020. However, the spring of 2021 witnessed an upturn in media coverage of migration, which coincided with the regional election campaigns and the Ceuta migrant crisis. In this study, our main objectives were to i) analyze the opinions of various stakeholders, both individuals and civil society organizations, regarding media discourse on migration and forced migration before and during the pandemic, and ii) compile and propose good practices to improve these narratives and hence their potential effect on the integration of migrants. For this purpose, we conducted 25 interviews in 2019 with highly vulnerable, forcibly displaced people. We also administered an open-ended questionnaire to 16 representatives of national and international stakeholders, including policy-makers, non-governmental organizations, researchers, educators, businesses, and migrants, in the spring of 2021. The collected data displayed a wide range of perspectives from different stakeholders regarding the potential consequences of media discourse on migrants. In addition, we compiled the existing and novel proposals for good practices that may counteract biased communication and, consequently, give rise to the development of new measures for potential replication in other regions.

Legal Reconstruction of Government's Political Regulation in the Election of Regional Heads Based on Pancasila Justice Values

This research analyzes the weaknesses of the government's political and legal regulations in the current implementation of regional head elections and finds a legal reconstruction of the government's legal politics in regional head elections based on Pancasila justice values in Indonesia. In a constructivism paradigm where the type of research method used is normative juridical and the specifications of this research have a prescriptive analytical nature with the approach used by the author being a statutory approach. The research results found that the weakness of the government's political and legal regulations regarding regional elections, the substance of which regulates the resolution of election crimes; Requirements as Candidates for Governor and Candidates for Deputy Governor, Candidates for Regent and Candidates for Deputy Regent, as well as Candidates for Mayor and Candidates for Deputy Mayor; Prohibition in campaigning; Criminal Sanctions Regional head elections; Simultaneous regional head elections; Community participation in organizing elections and the existence of a special electoral judicial body. Therefore, the reconstruction of the government's political and legal regulations for regional head elections as a whole based on the values of Pancasila justice in its formation can be done by synchronizing vertically with the 1945 Constitution and horizontally with the national election law starting from the planning, preparation, discussion, stipulation, and promulgation stages with adhere to principles in the formation of laws that Pancasila guides as the source of all sources of law in Indonesia by reconstructing the provisions governing the requirements for regional head candidates, candidate registration, voter data collection, campaigns, community participation, violations of the code of ethics, administration, dispute resolution, election crimes, state administration disputes, disputes over election results, formulation of criminal sanctions, implementation of simultaneous regional elections, as well as the formation of a tribunal for election crimes.

DINAMIKA PERILAKU POLITIK MASYARAKAT MENJELANG PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH SERENTAK 2024 DI KECAMATAN LAWA KABUPATEN MUNA BARAT

This research reviews the dynamics of the political behaviour of the people of Lawa District in the 2024 West Muna Regency regional head election, with a focus on Latugho Village, Lalemba Village, Wamelai Village, and Lapadaku Village. Through the concept of political behaviour, this research explores socio-political factors that influence political participation, especially the phenomenon of high abstention. Data was collected through questionnaires, literature studies, and documentation, and analyzed in three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the dynamics of political behavior are influenced by sociological, psychological and rational choice factors. Ethnicity is not dominant, while psychological factors (family) dominate with 27.5% influence. Rational choices, especially the vision and mission of the Regent candidate, influence 22.5% of the community. In conclusion, psychological factors are key in shaping political behaviour in Lawa District, where the family has a significant influence in political decision-making.

The Ideal Concept of Dispute Resolution of Regional Head Election Results in the Constitutional Court

Direct Regional Head Elections can be understood more closely to the meaning of democracy. Pilkada underwent a change in term to Pemilukada, when Pilkada was categorized as part of the election, because it was followed by the transfer of authority to adjudicate disputes over election results from the Supreme Court (MA) to the Constitutional Court (MK).The purpose of this study is to find the ideal concept of dispute resolution of regional head election results. Elections are general elections to elect regional heads and deputy regional heads. In its development, the problem of the implementation of elections often occurs disputes, especially the results of the implementation of the election itself. In the Regional Head General Election Dispute is very complicated, many factors influence it both in terms of legal material violations and formal violations. Based on the results of the research found, there is a Comparison of the Periodization of Judicial Disputes of Pemilukada. With the above problems, it shows that problems in law enforcement are related to solving problems that are fair and have legal certainty in resolving election disputes. The conclusion in this study is the ideal concept of dispute resolution of future election results related to the scope of authority, legal position of the parties, object of dispute, grace period, content of application, case examination, evidence and decision.

The Islamic Law-based design of regional head post-filling

This research aims to elaborate on the standing of Islamic law regarding regional head post-filling and how this post-filling is designed to conform with the principle of Islamic law. This research employed mixed methods and statutory, conceptual, case, and normative-theological approaches. The research results reveal that Islam holds the principles that can be adopted into the constructions of the national law in the matter of regional head post-filling. In the time to come, this post-filling should conform to the principle of al muhafadhotu ala qodimis sholih wal akhdzu bil jadidil ashlah, in which this post-filling should refer to the applicable model coupled with the development of this model with an asymmetric post-filling system. With this approach, areas with direct regional head elections will face reduction. Consequently, the areas not eligible to establish direct elections should consider another election model.

Jokowi's Political Dynasties: Impact and its Comparison to Nehru-Gandhi Dynasties

This research focuses on the Jokowi political dynasty that is now underway. The dynasty was marked by the advancement of Jokowi's eldest son, Gibran Rakabuming, as Mayor of Solo some time ago, followed by Jokowi's son-in-law, Bobby Nasution, becoming Mayor of Medan. A few days ago, Jokowi's youngest son, Kaesang Pangarep, was predicted to run in the Depok regional election. The participation of Jokowi's son and son-in-law as regional heads establishes an unprecedented milestone in the annals of Indonesian political dynasties. Because there has never been a similar case since independence, this condition has caused various negative impacts on the Indonesian nation. It starts from opening opportunities for corruption and the difficulty of regenerating new political cadres to injuring democracy. Relatives sitting in strategic seats will perpetuate the dynasty and protect each other. Thus, it will be challenging to prioritize the people because family interests hinder it. In addition, this paper will include a review of the Nehru-Gandhi dynasty of India as a comparison. The dynasty was chosen because it has a long history that lasts for generations. This phenomenon captured Indonesian political dynasties. Carrying the type of qualitative research, this research used various literature reviews as its basis. Hopefully, this research can be the mainstay of literacy for various parties facing the upcoming 2024 political year.

Constitutionality of Open Legal Policy Making Law Number 3 of 2022 Concerning the State Capital in the Perspective of Siyasa Dusturiyyah

Open legal policy is a mandate provided by the constitution related to broad and flexible regulations. However, this policy has the potential to be misused by lawmakers when making policies for the public. Therefore, repositioning is needed by examining the extent of the boundaries of open legal policy in the making of the National Capital Law. This study aims to identify issues of open legal policy and evaluate the substance of the National Capital Law from the perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyyah. This research is a normative legal study using secondary data viewed from the perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyyah using a conceptual approach. The research found that Siyasah Dusturiyyah in the substance of the National Capital Law needs evaluation, considering several notes that the Nusantara Capital (IKN) will be led by the IKN Authority Head. The appointment of the IKN Authority Head is based on appointment, not regional head election, which is a violation of democracy because the appointment of IKN leaders is not through elections, which means not accommodating the right to voice and the right to choose from the people, which also violates Islamic law. This research concludes that the open legal policy in the National Capital Law, from the perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyyah, can be an alternative solution in each legislator’s rules to ensure that the regulations made are in line to improve welfare and equalize the development in the regions. The involvement of local governments is needed to establish regional cooperation, involving community participation and the principles of openness and public interest.
 Keywords: constitutionality, open legal policy, ational capital, Siyasah Dusturiyyah

Demokrasi Patronase Dan Praktik Politik Uang : Pengalaman Pilkada Sumut Oleh Mahasiswa PPKN Unimed

Indonesia, with its dynamic democratic process, is often characterized by patronage politics and money politics during the Regional Head General Election (PILKADA). This phenomenon has become an integral part of the political reality of this country. Patronage politics, which involves the use of power or position to influence political support, and political practices involving money that financially benefit interest groups, have a significant impact on the democratic process. This research aims to understand how democratic patronage and money political practices are carried out by candidates candidates based on regional election experience by UNIMED PPkn students. There are several strategies to overcome this problem, and implementing these strategies must involve cooperation between the government, supervisory institutions, civil society and the media in order to create a cleaner and more transparent political environment.

Political Behavior of Beginner Voters in the 2020 Gowa District Regional Election in Paccinongang Village, Somba Opu District

This study aims to determine the political behavior of beginner voters in the 2020 Gowa Regency regional election in Kel. Paccinongang Kec. Somba Opu. The subjects in this study were beginner voters including: (1) novice voters, namely adolescents aged 18 years and participating in the 2020 regional elections for the beginner, (2) reports of agencies related to this study. This study selects informants purposively. By using descriptive qualitative analysis. The results showed that: 1. the behavior of beginner voters is very dominant using sociological approaches in making their choices. Beginner voters choose candidates for the regional head, namely the regent and deputy regent of Gowa Regency by emphasizing demographic and socioeconomic backgrounds. The psychological approach is very minimal because this approach depends on the performance of political parties, and how to attract beginner voters. In addition to these two approaches, the rational choice approach places beginner voters making their choices with the tendency to choose candidates for Regent and Vice Regent by looking at their personal needs, namely the needs of their own families, it can be seen that they choose because they are based on the vision and mission of the candidate to help their lives. 2. Supporting factors are encouragement from parents, certain figures, and peers. In addition, the vision and mission of the candidates can encourage the interest of beginner voters. Inhibiting factors: it is the number of hoax news such as defamation and pitting both parties that makes beginner voters end to be very difficult to make their choice.
 Keywords: political behavior, beginner voters

Participation of Beginner Voters in Political Education in the 2024 Election in Palembang City (Case Study of the Kesbangpol Agency of Palembang City)

The purpose of this study is to determine the political education of novice voters in the 2024 Election in Palembang City (Case Study of the National and Political Unity Agency of Palembang City). The type of research used in this study is descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques use primary data in the form of observations and interviews. Data analysis using Miles and Huberman (data reduction, data presentation, and inference). The results of the study discuss the participation of novice voters in political education in the 2024 election in Palembang City by the National and Political Unity Agency of Palembang City. The situation on the eve of the election until now has not been uproar. Public participation to participate in local election activities, these factors are influenced by a better understanding and attention to politics that tends to contribute to the community environment to participate in regional elections, one's organizational experience in political participation activities applies to political and pseudo-political organizations. A parent's political affiliation can influence a person's participation in exercising their voting rights in local elections. With the problems that occur in Palembang City, voter participants, especially novice voters, can vote. The evaluation conducted by the Kesbangpol Agency refers to the results of participation increased by 11.74% from 70.26% in the 2018 regional elections to 82% (214,446 voters). Kesbangpol has done a good job to increase the political participation of beginners by visiting schools and as a result in the 2019 elections the increase exceeded the national target of 77.5%

The Role of Bawaslu in Preventing Money Politics in the 2019 Legislative Election in Gorontalo City

to ensure that the holding of general elections is not polluted by disgraceful acts, so that in addition to upholding the rule of law and raising the dignity of society from the habit of committing acts of money politics towards holding honest and fair general elections. The aim of the research is to determine the role of Bawaslu in preventing money politics in the 2019 legislative elections in Gorontalo City. This research uses normative legal research (normative law study) using normative case studies in the form of legal behavior products. The main point of study is law which is conceptualized as a norm or rule that is merely in society and becomes a reference for everyone's behavior. Bawaslu's role in the 2019 regional elections was carried out in accordance with Law No. 15 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of General Elections. Similar to what has been proven by the money politics violations that occurred in Gorontalo City in 2019, there were acts of promising and/or giving money or other materials to influence the holding of elections and/or elections in a structured, systematic and massive manner. Awareness about money politics must be based on shared awareness. Public Knowledge about Politics, of course, candidate pairs and the public must be able to change thought patterns that have an impact on social culture. Both candidate pairs and society must change their perspective. Not only giving, but also changing thought patterns which will later have a permissive impact.