Regional Elections Research Articles

Establishment of Electoral Court in Indonesia: Problems and Future Challenges

The purpose of this study is to determine the urgency of the establishment of a special court in resolving disputes over the results of the regional elections in Indonesia, because there will be simultaneous regional elections in 2024, and on the other hand the Constitutional Court (MK) is no longer authorized to resolve disputes over the results of the elections. This study uses a normative legal research method, with a statutory approach and the data used are secondary data. Based on the discussion, it was found that the special court which has the authority to resolve disputes over the results of the regional elections is very urgent to be established or determined, this is in accordance with the mandate of Law Number 10 of 2016 and as a follow-up to the decision of the Constitutional Court No. 97/PUU-XI/2013. Other reasons are: (a) The mandate of the law is limitative, (b) The nature of the Constitutional Court's duties as a constitutional enforcement agency (Court of law) and not a concrete case (Court of Justice), (c) The nature of the decision without proper appeal contrary to the basic principles of the electoral law system, (d) A settlement approach with a quantitative paradigm that is difficult to realize a sense of justice, (e) A separate judicial system makes the legal system for regional elections uncertain and difficult to achieve justice, certainty, and benefit. In addition, there is an urgent need because the simultaneous national elections are planned to be held in November 2024. This special court can be newly formed, its position can be under the Supreme Court (MA) or stand-alone autonomously outside the Supreme Court or empower existing institutions, especially institutions whose duties are related to elections by giving the authority to settle disputes over the results of the elections.

Analisis Pemilihan Serentak Kepala Daerah 2024 Dalam Perspektif Negara Hukum Indonesia

Simultaneous regional head elections, if seen at a glance, are a solution to the non-ideal nature of holding relatively large and repeated regional head elections, but if we look closely we can still discuss in detail the negative side of this policy. This is because there are some regional heads whose term of office must be reduced, thereby contradicting several legal norms (UU). In order to explore and discuss this problem, this paper uses a library research method with a conceptual and statutory approach, while the analysis is qualitative. The theory or teachings used as an analytical tool are theories, teachings about the concept of the rule of law. From several findings, it turns out that the policy of simultaneously electing regional heads has the potential to violate human rights and what is certain is that de facto regional heads whose terms of office have been reduced have been disadvantaged, treated unequally to other regional heads, thus the policy of simultaneously electing regional heads is not directly proportional to the enthusiasm and spirit of regional heads constitution.

The Use of Buzzers by Political Parties Which Result in Black Campaign Practices in Indonesia

Buzzers are known as an effective marketing tool to sell a product. With the development of information technology, the use of buzzers is no longer limited to marketing products. Buzzers in Indonesia are now also used as a campaign tool by political parties. Unfortunately, many political parties' use of buzzers on social media is indicated as leading to black campaigns. The Black Campaign is a campaign to vilify political opponents whose truth cannot be justified. Political parties have a very important role in Indonesia, namely as a means or participant in elections, whether for the Presidential election, central or regional People's Representative Council, regional head elections. Political parties that are given status as election participants must continue to carry out their activities by prioritizing the spirit of Indonesian unity. Political parties do not just gather sympathizers or cadres for the sole purpose of power. Political Parties must be responsible for producing leaders and sympathizers who have character and act in the interests of the nation and state, in particular maintaining the unity of Indonesia by continuing to maintain brotherhood between tribes, religions and sects in Indonesia. Political parties are prohibited from carrying out black campaigns because black campaigns can cause social tension due to the spread of unfounded information and lead to forming hatred towards political opponents. The formulation of the research problem is: How does the law on the use of buzzers by political parties result in the practice of black campaigns in Indonesia? The purpose of this research is to find out how the law on the use of buzzers by political parties has resulted in the practice of black campaigns in Indonesia. The research method used is normative research. This research is based on primary and secondary research. Primary research is research that is based on statutory regulations, while secondary research is based on theories from experts sourced from books and journals. The results of this research are that political parties have an important role in maintaining unity in Indonesia and must use campaign tools in accordance with statutory regulations.

Mapping of Regional Strategic Issues in The Development Planning Documents (Case Study in Central Java)

In 2020, 21 regencies/cities (out of 35 regions) in Central Java will hold regional head elections. One of the consequences will be the preparation of the Regional Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMD) for the 2021-2026 period. The RPJMD was compiled during the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as the strengthening of other global issues such as the industrial revolution 4.0, society 5.0, advances in information technology, disruption and vulnerability to global economic crises, and food and energy issues. This research focuses on formulating strategic issues in the RPJMD document for the 21 regions to understand the framework, formulation process, and priority of strategic issues. This research is a descriptive study through a qualitative approach and is applied with practical purposes using desk study techniques. The research subjects were the RPJMD documents of 21 selected regencies/cities, especially in regional strategic issues. Data processing is done by classification technique, and data analysis is done by content analysis technique. The study results show that the strategic issues of concern are general, almost the same as the previous planning documents, such as bureaucratic reform, human resource capacity building, poverty (and unemployment), infrastructure, economic growth, and environmental natural resources. Some regions also place popular actual issues such as the Covd-19 pandemic and its recovery, the industrial revolution, smart cities, and SDGs, and only a small number of regions raise specific issues such as investment, village development, innovation, information technology, or sectoral issues such as agriculture, tourism, creative industries. This study concludes that the process of formulating strategic issues is still normative procedural, and general in nature, with a dominant technocratic approach, and needs to accommodate actual local issues and community discourse or aspirations. Formulating strategic issues also has no relation to regional development issues, more accommodating global, national issues and other planning documents without in-depth analysis.

PERANAN BADAN PENGAWAS PEMILU (BAWASLU) KABUPATEN LAMONGAN DALAM PENGAWASAN PENYELENGGARA PILKADA SERENTAK DI KABUPATEN LAMONGAN

The election of Regional Heads and Deputy Regional Heads is a means of implementing general sovereignty in the Province or Regency/City area based on Pencasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. In the process of holding the 2021 Pilkada in Lamongan Regency, many violations of electoral, administrative and criminal acts were still found. code of Ethics. Violations that occurred during the 2020 regional elections for Regent and Deputy Regent in the 2020 regional elections in Lamongan. This research is included in legal research with a juridical-empirical approach method. The subjects of this research were the chairman of Bawaslu, members of Bawaslu for Lamongan Regency and the Coordinator of the Enforcement and Dispute Resolution Division. Primary and secondary data sources accompanied by primary and secondary legal materials. Data analysis is descriptive-qualitative. Data collection techniques are based on literature studies and field data. The findings in this research are: (i) in following up on violations by Bawaslu, Lamongan Regency, they found 40 cases of suspected violations, including 31 findings and 9 reports. Of the many criminal violations of elections, administration, codes of ethics and other legal violations that were declared or not constituted as violations by Bawaslu of Lamongan Regency because they did not fulfill the material requirements of criminal acts (ii) the violations found in the 2020 Election of Regent and Deputy Regent of Lamongan Regency everything can be resolved well.
 Keywords: Democracy, Pilkada, Bawaslu

Analisis Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Keuangan

This research aims to analyze the accountability of financial management of the North Sulawesi Provincial General Election Commission (KPU). The research method used is a qualitative approach. Data analysis involves data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. The research findings are as follows: (1) The financial management of the 2020 regional head election by the North Sulawesi Provincial General Election Commission was conducted in accordance with the Ministry of Finance regulations. (2) Several findings regarding the accountability of financial management of the North Sulawesi KPU for the 2020 regional head election were identified. (3) There are several efforts that need to be undertaken to enhance the accountability of financial management within the North Sulawesi Provincial General Election Commission.

Polemik Hukum Penunjukan Penjabat (PJ) Kepala Daerah Berdasarkan Undang Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 2016 Tentang Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati dan Walikota

The appointment of acting regional heads to fill the vacancy for definitive regional head officials caused by postponing regional elections in 271 regions in Indonesia has created problems in the administration of government in Indonesia. Regarding Article 201 of Law No. 10 of 2016 concerning the Election of Governors, Regents and Mayors which is the legal basis for the appointment of acting regional heads, a judicial review has been carried out resulting in MKRI Decision Number 67/PUU-XIX/2021 and MKRI Decision Number 15/PUUXX /2022. These legal materials were obtained through literature study and analyzed descriptively-qualitatively. The postponement of the 2022 and 2023 regional elections is still causing polemics. Based on data from the Ministry of Home Affairs in May 2022, the needs for filling regional head officials include 5 provinces, 6 cities and 37 districts. Meanwhile, there are as many as 101 regional heads whose leadership terms will end in 2022 and as many as 170 regional heads and deputy heads in 2023. This means that 271 regional head positions will end before the 2024 simultaneous elections.

PENGATURAN PENYELENGGARAAN PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH SERENTAK TAHUN 2024 BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 10 TAHUN 2016

Based on Law Number 10 of2016 article 201 paragraph 8 determines simultaneousnational voting in the election of governors and deputy governors, regents and deputyregents, as well as mayors and deputy mayors throughout the territory of the Unitary Stateof the Republic of Indonesia to be held in November 2024. This research aims: 1). To findout and analyze the implementation of the implementation of simultaneous regional headelections in 2024 in Indonesia. 2). To find out and analyze the supervision of simultaneousregional head elections in 2024. The research method used in this study is a normative juridical method. This study usesastatutory,historicalandconceptualapproach.Presidential elections (Pilpres), legislative elections (Pileg) and regional head elections(Pilkada)wereheldinthesameyear.RegardingtheimplementationofPilkadaasstipulatedin Article 18 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution, regional election is a regionalgovernment election regime and not an election regime as referred to in Article 22E of the1945 Constitution. The 2024 elections and regional elections will be very complex becausethe stages of holding elections will take place in parallel with the stages of holding theregionalelections.Forthisreason,effortstoimprovetheprocessofholdingelectionsinthefuture areneeded. Â

Analisis Koalisi Partai PKB dalam Pemenangan Putra Kiai di Pusaran Kekuasaan

This research aims to describe how the coalition of the National Awakening Party (PKB) contributed to the victory of a cleric's son in the Sidoarjo Regional Elections (Pilkada). The general objective of this study is to analyze how political party coalitions occurred during the 2020 Pilkada in Sidoarjo. To obtain data, the researcher employed library research, utilizing literature studies that did not require direct interaction with respondents or fieldwork. The researcher collected various necessary research data from literary sources or documents such as papers or previous research results related to electoral and regional elections participation in Sidoarjo. The research findings indicate several factors that led to PKB's success in the Sidoarjo Pilkada. First, the Political Party Coalition Factor: The coalition with political parties, particularly Nasdem and PSI, provided significant political support and a voter base for the Ahmad Muhdlor and Subandi ticket. PKB's negotiation strategy in forming the coalition played a crucial role in garnering support and votes. Second, the Political Participation Factor: Active political participation by the Ahmad Muhdlor and Subandi ticket, involving understanding important political issues for the community and responding to genuine aspirations for change, had a positive impact in winning voters' hearts. Their ability to articulate the needs and desires of the community through political campaigns also contributed to their victory. Third, the Modalities Factor: The modalities possessed by this ticket, including social capital such as connections with NU (Nahdlatul Ulama) and social organizations, cultural capital such as education and organizational experience, as well as economic capital acquired from campaign donations, played a significant role in building support and designing effective campaign strategies. The combination of these factors aided the PKB coalition in achieving victory in the 2020 Sidoarjo Pilkada. Cooperation within the coalition, the ability to understand relevant political issues, active political participation, and the utilization of existing modalities all contributed to creating public support and trust that enabled the Ahmad Muhdlor and Subandi ticket to succeed in the election.

PERAN SOSIALISASI POLITIK TERHADAP TINGKAT PARTISIPASI PEMILIH PEMULA PADA PILKADA 2020 DI KECAMATAN MEGANG SAKTI KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS

Political socialization is one of the urgent pillars in the implementation of a democratic party, as well as having an influence on the level of voter participation in an election, in this case the regional head election. On this basis, the researcher is motivated to prove that political socialization has an important role in increasing the participation of first-time voters in the 2020 regional head elections in Megang Sakti District, Musi Rawas Regency. In this study, the researcher used descriptive qualitative research by describing and interpreting data and facts obtained during field research from 30 informants so that in the end a hypothesis could be formulated. The results of the study show that the socialization of politics has an influence on increasing the political participation of first-time voters in Megang Sakti District, Musi Rawas Regency in the 2020 regional elections. The factors that influence the increase in the political participation of young voters are due to the influence of information and understanding of the democratic process or general elections, especially in the 2020 regional election elections. .

Transition Of Authority Judicial Institutions Simultaneous National Elections 2024

The decision of the Constitutional Court No. 97/PUU-XI/2013 resulted in changes in the function and authority of the judicial institution that adjudicates Pilkada. The Constitutional Court's decision then gave birth to Article 157 of Law No. 10 of 2016 Amending Law No. 8 of 2015 (Pilkada Law) which contains provisions for the establishment of a special election judicial body that will hear disputes over the results of simultaneous national elections in 2024. However, the establishment of a special election judicial body mandated by the Pilkada Law still faces juridical obstacles if it is linked to Law 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power, and laws governing judicial bodies under the auspices of the Supreme Court, especially the general and state administrative courts. Another juridical problem is the Constitutional Court Decision Number 85/PUU-XX/2022 which states that the phrase "until a special judicial body is established" in Article 157 paragraph (3) of the Pilkada Law does not have binding legal force. So that the Constitutional Court's decision can be interpreted as a sign of defining the Constitutional Court as a permanent judicial institution to hear disputes over Pilkada results. This research uses normative research methods as a characteristic of legal research, using statute law approaches, expert opinions. The purpose of this research is to search and find the right norms and have legal arguments in determining the right judicial institution authorized to hear disputes over the results of the 2024 simultaneous regional elections.

Simultaneous regional elections during the Covid-19 pandemic: Confrontation between democracy and religion in Indonesia

Simultaneous regional elections during the Covid-19 pandemic: Confrontation between democracy and religion in Indonesia

Framing ecological issues in local political contestations as part of political communication in the 2018 regional election

This paper discusses the practice of political communication carried out by regional head candidates in the City of Kediri in the 2018 local elections in East Java. This paper focuses on conducting in-depth tracking of the framing of ecological issues in campaign practices carried out by regional head candidates in the 2018 local elections. This study aims to gain an understanding and knowledge related to the political communication practices of regional head candidates in responding to ecological issues in political contestation locally in East Java. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach that focuses on collecting data through interviews and documentation related to the political communication strategies of the 2018 Kediri mayoral candidates in communicating ecological issues to the public. The study results show that the political communication practices carried out by candidates in the 2018 regional elections have yet to make ecological issues a critical public issue. This is reflected in the campaign's content, which still focuses on socio-economic issues that prioritize aspects of infrastructure development for the community, not directing environmental conservation practices to support sustainable development.

CONFIGURATION OF A SIMULTANEOUS-SEPARATE GENERAL ELECTION SYSTEM TO STRENGTHEN THE CHARACTER OF AN INCLUSIVE GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN INDONESIA

The government system essentially examines the relationship between legislative and executive institutions. On the other hand, the concept of a government system can also be related to the form of vertical relationship between the central government and regional governments. Problem formulations for this journal are; What is the character of the strengthening of the government system both at the central and regional levels resulting from the simultaneous general election system in Indonesia? What are the theories and concepts of the government system and general election system in Indonesia? a quo regional head election in Indonesia? This research is normative legal research accompanied by supporting data. The research data was collected through literature study. The analysis was carried out using qualitative methods. Based on the research results, it is concluded that: First, the government system is the concept of legislative and executive relations in carrying out their functions and duties. There are various types of systems such as presidential systems, parliamentary systems and mixed systems. In the presidential system used in Indonesia, there are systemic weaknesses in the form of fixed term features, dual democratic legitimacy, the possibility of the emergence of divided government and the use of multiparty features. Second, the configuration of the simultaneous general election system and the regional head election system can be seen that the presidential general election system uses a simultaneity feature, a presidential threshold of 20%, and uses a majority-runoff system with a distribution of votes in certain areas. Third, the implementation of simultaneous elections and a quo regional heads has not shown any significant strengthening of the government system. Strengthening of the presidential system only occurred in terms of the number of candidates competing, and the majority run-off system did not show any strengthening.

WOMEN’S EXPANSION IN REGIONAL HEAD ELECTIONS IN MEDAN CITY 2020 (CASE STUDY ON THE AKHYAR-SALMAN COUPLE)

The role of women as political elites is increasingly important, which makes gender inequality widespread. This study examines the expansion, role, and contribution of DPD women of the Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS) in the 2020 Medan City regional head elections with a case study on the Akhyar-Salman couple. Qualitative research was conducted by collecting data on the role of female PKS party members and leaders in winning the Akhyar-Salman pair through in-depth interviews with research subjects. sample determination using a purposive sampling technique. All data were processed descriptively. The results showed that the expansion of women in improving the quality and quantity of regional elections in Medan City is significant; this is indicated by the contribution of women’s political elites in mobilizing the implementation of campaigns in the community and attracting public interest from upstream to downstream to introduce the Akhyar-Salman couple. Women’s political elites have functions and responsibilities in winning candidate pairs through door-to-door campaigns to each household, creating work programs that attract women to join, such as carrying out women’s recitation (dakwah), helping communities affected by disasters, and carrying out approaches to the ulama. In addition, the most prominent expansion of women lies in the gender equality program and equal access to information, which have the most decisive influence on the campaign process. The work program launched by the mayoral and deputy candidate pairs is the result of preliminary studies of the community and data collection by the DPD PKS women’s political elites. Finally, the Japuan program (women’s network) indicates that voter accommodation and navigation can be appropriately managed by disseminating information related to candidate pairs by political elites from the PKS party.

Substituting the Opposition under Electoral Authoritarianism: The Case of the Russian Regional Parliamentary Elections in 2021

Abstract Political scientists have long known that modern electoral autocracies can use quasi-democratic institutions to neutralize the danger posed by the opposition. Participation in elections by completely controlled spoiler parties proved to be an effective tool for maintaining authoritarian stability. However, researchers know few cases of how aging authoritarian regimes create systemic semi-independent opposition in order to increase turnout and split the votes of the systemic opposition. Based on a database of candidates from single-member districts (SMD) in the 2021 regional parliamentary elections in Russia with more than 2,200 unique observations, we show how the participation of candidates from the newly created New People, Green Alternative, and the Russian Party of Freedom and Justice affected the electoral results of United Russia and two parties of the ‘old’ systemic opposition.

Direct and Indirect Effects of Emotions towards Party Leaders on Voting: Evidence from the 2018 Andalusian Regional Election

Party leaders are increasingly relevant to voters’ choices in parliamentary systems. However, most studies addressing the electoral impact of leaders have largely ignored voters’ emotional responses to party leaders. Additionally, little is known about the effect of party leaders in subnational or regional elections. Using data from a specific election survey, this article examines the effect of emotions towards party leaders on regional voting. It assesses whether emotional responses to party leaders not only have direct effects, but whether they also have indirect effects through partisanship on voting. We found evidence that emotions towards party leaders have both direct and indirect effects through partisanship on vote choice.

Analysis of Indonesian Malay Cultural Assembly Participation in the 2018 Election of Regional Heads of Batubara Regency

This study aims to analyze the participation of the Indonesian Malay cultural adat assembly in the regional head elections in Batubara district in 2018. The Malay Cultural Customary Council is an organization or institution that aims to defend, promote and preserve Malay customs and culture. As part of the people who vote in the Pilkada (Regional Head Election) in Batu Bara Regency, of course, their participation is expected. However, the extent of participation in the regional head election in Batubara district in 2018. This research uses a qualitative research type method with a descriptive method, namely collecting descriptive data for further analysis from the case study. Data collection was carried out by means of interviews, document analysis, observation and literature study. The results of the study show that the factors that influence the participation of the Indonesian Malay Cultural Council Organization in Batu Bara Regency include: First, the political awareness of the people regarding their rights and obligations in the 2018 Pilkada is only limited to understanding, without being accompanied by controlling the course of the 2018 Pilkada and exercising their right to vote. Second, the low level of public trust in the government and candidates, which includes a track record and vision and mission, greatly affects the people not to exercise their right to vote. Third, the social status and economic status of the upper middle and lower middle class do not make voting a priority due to the focus on the work of the majority of fishermen and entrepreneurs.

The Effect of Covid-19 on Voters in the Medan Tuntungan District Election in 2020

The Covid Sickness (Coronavirus) flare-up that happens in all nations in this present reality is progressively widespread. This instance of pneumonia of obscure etiology or Coronavirus was first recognized in Wuhan City, Hubei Area, China on December 31, 2019. Medan City is one of the regions that held regional elections for the mayoral election, In the 2020 Medan city election, Medan was included in the red zone area where one of the areas with a positive number of covid-19 reached 4,261 people with this number Medan city accounting for 75 percent of corona virus cases in North Sumatra. But in fact, with the large number of positive Covid-19 cases in the city of Medan, there is no decrease in public enthusiasm to come to the Polling Station (TPS) compared to previous elections in Medan. This study uses a type of quantitative research because this study seeks to analyze whether there is an influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on voter participation in Medan Tuntungan sub-district. This type of research is a type of descriptive research. Influence of Covid-19 on Voters in the Medan Tuntungan District Election in 2020 is as follows: Voter participation in Medan Tuntungan District is also influenced by other variables outside the Covid-19 pandemic variable, which is 83.8%, so it is appropriate if research related to voter participation is carried out again using other variables outside the Covid-19 pandemic variable.

Mobilisasi Oleh Elit Tradisional Pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Tahun 2018 Di Kabupaten Kerinci

Elections are held periodically, namely once every five years, with the aim of a constitutional change of power as regulated in the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945). General elections are held in the form of presidential elections, regional head elections and legislative elections. At this time political parties are no longer the only force in political contestation. Elections that take place at the local election level still often encounter interference from elites, especially traditional elites, such as the regional elections that occurred in Kerinci Regency, where one of the elite's roles is as a force in mobilizing the masses. Many candidates use traditional culture to get more supporters in the election. Through its mass power, it can be used as an effective political machine in political contestation. This confirms that political mobilization is the key to winning election contestations. In analyzing mass mobilization by traditional elites, researchers use mobilization theory according to Stefano Bartolini and elite theory from Pareto and Mosca because mobilization in politics is a series of processes carried out by traditional elites in recruiting participants to obtain special support in an election. This research uses a qualitative approach with an instrumental case study method. The research results show that mass mobilization was commanded by traditional elites, such as the Depati and Ninik Mamak of Kerinci Regency, who directed and ordered the community and their nephews to choose certain agreed candidate pairs. The order was issued by Depati Ninik Mamak in a joint meeting to decide on support for candidate pair Adirozal-Ami Taher, so that the results of the meeting resulted in a joint agreement to win the pair Adirozal-Ami Taher.