Regional Economic Centers Research Articles

Travel Demand Models for Visitors to Pasar Baru Banggai, Banggai Laut Regency, Indonesia

Pasar Baru Banggai in Banggai Laut Regency is a crucial economic and social center for the local community. This article aims to analyze the factors influencing the travel demand of people to this market. Various aspects such as income, travel distance, travel time, product completeness, and market area were analyzed in depth. The methodology used includes field surveys, participatory observation, and secondary data analysis from relevant sources. The research sample was conducted using stratified sampling with strata based on visit frequency (daily, weekly, and monthly visitors) and potential visitors to the market. The total sample size was set at 100 visitors, which is a combination of all samples from each stratum as the final sample in this study. The research results show that income, travel distance, travel time, completeness of goods sold, and market area are the main factors attracting people to visit Pasar Baru Banggai, following the mathematical model Y = 0.858 + 0.182(X1) + 0.183(X2) + 0.112(X3) + 0.162( X7) + 0.145(X8). Additionally, this market also provides quality local products that meet the needs of the local community, further strengthening its position as the regional economic center. Based on this analysis, several recommendations are proposed to enhance the attractiveness and function of Pasar Baru Banggai, including improving supporting infrastructure, promoting local products, empowering traders through training and support, and implementing efficient market management. With these measures, it is hoped that Pasar Baru Banggai can continue to grow and provide greater benefits to the people of Banggai Laut Regency, as well as contribute to the improvement of the region's economic and social welfare.

Administrative Unit Proliferation Through Spatial Interaction Approach: Case Study of Lembang City Region

Administrative unit proliferation is a decision that needs to be taken based on several considerations based on research. The proposed Lembang City region is an area that will develop into a city in the next few years. For this reason, this research attempted to evaluate the proposed area’s ability to become an administrative city using various spatial aspects. The analytical approaches used in this study were: spatial interaction analysis, which helps to determine the regional economic center; thematic overview analysis, implementing village SDGs through a spatial analysis approach; and SWOT analysis to identify Lembang City region’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in qualitative terms. The study results show that the proposed Lembang City area has excellent potential as a city region. Through a spatial analysis approach supported by geographic information system tools, this research was conducted as a consideration in deciding to expand Lembang Regency may provide significant assistance to the government in its work related to this decision.

Morphological and Fractal Characteristics of City Road Networks from Philippine Metropolitan Regions

City road networks evolve from the fundamental need to connect various locations and to subdivide available space, especially in large urban areas. No two cities are exactly the same, however, and the differences manifest themselves in the layout of roads across their geographical regions. In this work, the fractal dimensions of urban roads from the three major metropolitan regions of the Philippines were investigated, along with the distributions of dimensionless spatial metrics for characterizing roads and road-bounded blocks. The dimensionless metrics reveal the commonalities, particularly the road and block motifs found in the urban road network tapestry. On the other hand, the fractal dimensions hint at the difference in levels of urbanization of the various cities and municipalities, which are considered subject to geographical constraints. This research adds to the growing literature with a complexity perspective on urban systems by reporting on an archipelagic road network data set. From a practical perspective, this work is deemed to be a useful first step towards an even deeper quantitative analysis of these regional economic centers and its insights may be used for drafting effective policy measures for management and further development.

The socio-economic situation of the city of Balti reflected in Iosif Broitman’s Guide (1938)

The city of Bălți, during the years 1918–1939, had the opportunity to know a vast development in several spheres, becoming a regional economic center, which contributed to bringing it to light in the national arena, often competing with the regions over the Prut River. This study refers to the First guide of the municipality of Bălți edited by Iosif Broitman, published in 1938. The content of the article reflects the sectors of activity in the interwar period of the Balti municipality, especially the years 1937–1938: education, medicine, economy, culture, enterprises, factories. At the same time, the services offered in the municipality and the persons responsible in these fields are highlighted. The author points out the actions taken by the local administration for the socio-economic rise of the municipality, but also the weak points of the activity to which the attention of municipal structures should be drawn.

Cross‐industry interlinkages in employment growth: Evidence from Brazil

Using industry- and establishment-level data from Brazil and employment data by sector and economic area from the United States, we estimate the extent to which rm- and industry-level employment and entry decisions respond to changes in the employment decisions of geographically and economically proximate rms, comparing Brazil’s experience to a developed country benchmark. We instrument for employment changes by following Bartik (1991) and Blanchard and Katz (1992), combining national-level changes in employment by industry with municipalitylevel variation in the initial distribution of rms to predict such changes between 1995 and

Geochemical evidence reveals a long-distance trade of white pottery in Neolithic China 5,000 years ago

The significance of handicraft production and commodity trade in the process of social complexity and urbanization in late Neolithic China has not been fully recognized. In the present paper, the firstly utilization of multi-geochemical methods as possible tracers for the origins of pottery have been explored on Dawenkou (大汶口) Culture white pottery from Jiaojia (焦家) and Jinzhai (金寨) sites during the Neolithic 5,000 years ago. The results show that kaolinitic clay is the raw material of the Dawenkou Culture white pottery. The total amount of silicon and aluminum ranges between 88.12% and 94.69%, and the firing temperature ranges from 850 to 1000° C. Trace elements, rare earth elements, strontium (Sr) isotopes and lead (Pb) isotopes indicate that the Jiaojia white pottery were produced locally and the raw material used in the production was kaolinitic clay from nearby. However, the Jinzhai white pottery was of multiple origins, and the raw material was non-local kaolinitic clay. One of Jinzhai white pottery cup exactly falls into the element composition and isotope ratio range defined by the Jiaojia white pottery, about 300 km away from Jinzhai. Our results suggest that white pottery had already been circulating across regions 5,000 years ago, forming a trade network among regional economic centers during the Dawenkou period.

INDIAN MERCHANTS IN ANCIENT SOUTHEAST ASIA: THE CASE OF ÓC EO – FUNAN

Being considered a trading polity, Funan was known to have established relationships with major regional economic centers and nations. At its height, Funan controlled a variety of valuable resources and dominated the Southeast Asian maritime trade network, which included many trading ports, raw materials production centers, as well as the Isthmus of Kra, the principal link in the East-West trade route. In this, Indians, notably traders and craftsmen, did not only limit their presence to trading with Funan, but had also permanently settled in the Lower Mekong Delta. They were involved in political life, propagating religion, enriching culture, and producing commodities. Indians’ contributions set the commodity standards for Funan’s economy, affecting arts and the current of ideas in Funan, as well as other Southeast Asian states. Together with internal factors, these external factors influenced the transformation of Funan into a regional power.

Urban System Development in Thai Nguyen Province: Prospects and Challenges

Urban planning and development of Thai Nguyen province has made breakthrough achievements, creating a driving force to develop Thai Nguyen to become a regional commercial center, trade and economic center of the Midlands and Northern mountainous region and Hanoi capital area. The article focuses on analyzing the current status of the urban system of Thai Nguyen province through analyzing the current distribution, size, and urban characteristics, and forecasting the province's urban population in 2025 and 2030. This study points out some limitations that exist in the process of urbanization such as: small urban population size, low urbanization rate, inadequate infrastructure... and challenges that the province will have to face. Based on the results of analysis and assessment of the current situation, the study proposes a number of solutions to overcome the limitations and overcome challenges, promoting the development of the urban system of Thai Nguyen province in the coming time.

The evolution of regional spatial structure influenced by passenger rail service: A case study of the Yangtze River Delta

AbstractTaking the Yangtze River Delta in China as an example, this paper analyzes the spatial characteristics of passenger rail service in different stages, discusses the evolution of regional multi‐level spatial organization structure under the guidance of passenger rail, and explores the ways to realize efficient and well‐organized regional integration through modern railway infrastructure configuration. Rail transport leads to the formation of several urban subgroups within the Yangtze River Delta. The regional spatial structure is a multi‐level “core‐periphery” nested structure coupled with the internal spatial organization of subgroups and their mutual spatial correlation structure. The organization of intra‐subgroup and inter‐subgroup determine the evolution direction of the whole spatial structure. The development model of constructing a high‐speed railway network with the regional political and economic center cities as hubs has led to each subgroup that starts to rely on these cities to form clusters and achieve spatial reconstruction. In this process, the connection between the “core” areas and the “periphery” areas, as well as among the “periphery” areas within the spatial scope of each level has been strengthened. However, although the gap between the “core” areas and the “periphery” areas has narrowed, it still persists.

Agricultural Transformations and Their Influential Factors Revealed by Archaeobotanical Evidence in Holocene Jiangsu Province, Eastern China

The development and adoption of agriculture has been investigated for decades, and remains a central topic within archaeology. However, most previous studies focus on the crop’s domestication centers, leading to gaps in knowledge, particularly in transitional zones between these centers. This paper reviews published archaeobotanical evidence and historical documents to reconstruct the trajectory of agricultural systems in Holocene Jiangsu Province. Comparing these new results to paleoclimate information, historical documents, and archaeological data enables us to better understand the underlying influences of past agricultural development. Our results indicate that a warm and wet climate may have promoted ancient peoples to first settle in Jiangsu between 8,500 and 6,000 BP and adopt rice farming. The continuous warm and wet climate may have facilitated the rapid development and expansion of rice agriculture, ultimately contributing to large-scale human settlement in 6,000–4,000 BP in Jiangsu Province. Between 4,000 and 2,300 BP during a cooler and drier climate millet agriculture diffused southward, facilitating a mixed rice and millet agricultural system. This mixed farming supported a continuesd widespread settlement and population growth in Jiangsu. After 2,300 BP, political instability in north China resulted in further southeastward migration, advanced planting technology was brought about to south China, facilitating highly developed agricultural systems and rapid population expansion in Jiangsu. Population growth led to the establishment of Jiangnan as the regional economic center, where people chose high-yielding rice and wheat rather than millet.

Random forest analysis of factors affecting urban carbon emissions in cities within the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

China became the country with the largest global carbon emissions in 2007. Cities are regional population and economic centers and are the main sources of carbon emissions. However, factors influencing carbon emissions from cities can vary with geographic location and the development history of the cities, rendering it difficult to explicitly quantify the influence of individual factors on carbon emissions. In this study, random forest (RF) machine learning algorithms were applied to analyze the relationships between factors and carbon emissions in cities using real-world data from Chinese cities. Seventy-three cities in three urban agglomerations within the Yangtze River Economic Belt were evaluated with respect to urban carbon emissions using data from regional energy balance tables for the years 2000, 2007, 2012, and 2017. The RF algorithm was then used to select 16 prototypical cities based on 10 influencing factors that affect urban carbon emissions while considering five primary factors: population, industry, technology levels, consumption, and openness to the outside world. Subsequently, 18 consecutive years of data from 2000 to 2017 were used to construct RFs to investigate the temporal predictability of carbon emission variation in the 16 cities based on regional differences. Results indicated that the RF approach is a practical tool to study the connection between various influencing factors and carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from different perspectives. Furthermore, regional differences among the primary carbon emission influencing factors for each city were clearly observed and were related to urban population characteristics, urbanization level, industrial structures, and degree of openness to the outside world. These factors variably affected different cities, but the results indicate that regional emission reductions have achieved positive results, with overall simulation trends shifting from underestimation to overestimation of emissions.

EAEU Expands International Cooperation: Latin American Trend

Integration associations are trying to expand their composition or sphere of interaction / influence. In modern international relations, the importance of transregionalism is increasing due to strengthening interdependence of countries at the global level and the formation for a new architecture of the world economy. The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is trying to integrate itself into the world economy as an independent regional economic center and increase its competitiveness. Therefore, the Eurasian Economic Union seeks to develop transregional interaction with various regions, including Latin American and the Caribbean countries that caused the increasing role of Latin America in the context of the formation for a polycentric world system. The aim of the study is to identify transregional interaction specifics between the Eurasian Economic Union and Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Cuba, and Argentina. On the basis of a comparative analysis of political and legal documents on cooperation, according to legal forms, institutional mechanisms and areas of cooperation the authors have concluded that the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), in contrast to the European Union, implements classical transregionalism model with Latin American countries. Wherein, the Memo- randum of understanding is the mechanism that does not create rights and obligations, within the framework of international law. The signing of such documents on cooperation between the Eurasian Economic Union and Latin American countries is the initial stage for strengthening mutual trade and economic cooperation, exchange of experience and information on regional economic integration, research and development so can be considered as element of soft power.

Location Choice Model for distribution centers: for use in regional economic centers

Purpose - This paper aims to propose a location choice model to establish distribution centers using linear programming.Design/methodology/approach - Locational choice models allow decision makers to select between different possible locations, based on the best fit of established criteria. For this, a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model (MILP) was proposed to identify the most efficient location for a distribution center in the region in the Mata Norte of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil.Findings - The MILP model allowed us to identify the factors that support transport cost minimization, which are significant for the distribution logistics, indicating a location that minimizes these costs and generates greater efficiency in the logistics in a region within the interior of the state, which is a regional economic center.Originality/Value - Most location choice models for distribution centers are built on the logic of densely populated regions and large urban centers, the value of this study lies in its attempt to optimize the efficiency of logistics within inland regions.Keywords - Locational decision. Linear programming. Logistics. Distribution centers. Local economy.

Study on the Spatial Pattern of Migration Population in Egypt and Its Flow Field Characteristics from the Perspective of “Source-Flow-Sink”

Based on the provinces as the spatial nodes of population migration, a “Source-Flow-Sink” analysis framework of population migration flow in Egypt was established by “Source-Sink” Theory and Flow Field Theory to study the migration population in Egypt. It reveals the spatial pattern of the migration population in Egypt and its flow field characteristics and provides theoretical basis for the formulation of population development policies and regional spatial governance planning. The results show that: (1) there are significant spatial differences in the size and rate of migration in Egypt. In 2017, the migration population in Egypt exceeded 2.2 million in total, with a migration rate of 2.33%, and the extreme multiple reached 80 and 12. (2) According to the spatial pattern of geographical distribution, the Source System is divided into five types: axis type, layer type, fan type, oblique symmetry type, and scattered jump type. There are only three types in Sink System, namely wide area coverage type, local development type, and scattered jump type. Source Places lie in the middle, Sink Places are symmetrical from east to west, and Exchange Places are concentrated along the Mediterranean coast in the north of Cairo on the whole, with the initial formation of a “core-periphery” spatial pattern. (3) The interprovincial population migration flow in Egypt is dominated by neighborhood penetration and polarization of high-rank nodes (capitals or regional economic centers), giving rise to 7 modes of central system spatial structures and 3 modes of pole-core interaction. The central system of flow fields with clear priorities and the streamline channel network with layered trunks and branches basically take shape, overall characterized by stepped runoff from east to west, and local convection from south to north.

A prediction model for the surface residual subsidence in an abandoned goaf for sustainable development of resource-exhausted cities

In resource-exhausted cities, the development and reuse of land resources above abandoned goafs will invigorate economy and form new regional economic development centers. However, the infrastructures to be built will be affected by the land above an abandoned goaf subjected to long-term residual subsidence. Under such background, accurate prediction of residual subsidence can provide quantitative criteria for land resources development. In this paper, a surface residual subsidence prediction model (SRSPM) was developed. The research results showed that the residual subsidence was caused by compaction of voids including gaps among fractured rocks, the boundary at coal wall and the overburden-separation between soft stratum and hard stratum, respectively. By analyzing the spatial distribution and shape characteristics of these voids, the SRSPM was developed using the theory of probability integral method. Its reliability was verified by comparing with an existed prediction model in a numerical simulated experiment. The SRSPM can provide scientific decision support for the choice of the suitable development model of the land resource above the abandoned goaf.

Features of the Organization of Economic Research in the 1920s (on the Example of Yekaterinburg / Sverdlovsk)

The potential of Yekaterinburg / Sverdlovsk made it possible to expect creation of a local center for the training of qualified economists in the 1920s and emergence of a special institution with specialists capable of analyzing regional economic problems at a high theoretical level. However, despite the obvious need for economists (practitioners and theorists) and for conducting economic research, this did not happen due to a number of ideological and political restrictions. Mistrust of old specialists, the adoption of Marxism political economy as an ideological dogma, the crisis of higher education, fear of possible party sedition in regional economic research centers led to a natural result - a lag in economic research, poor industrialization of the necessary personnel, and miscalculations in economic planning. Uralplan, UOLE, regional studies organizations engaged in regional economic research were destroyed, which slowed down the development of economic science in Sverdlovsk for several decades.

Eco-efficiency of the Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone: An evaluation based on a novel eco-efficiency model and empirical analysis of influencing factors

Obtaining the most economic benefits while using the least resources and causing the least environmental damage is an urgent and key problem in achieving sustainable development. The concept of eco-efficiency provides a comprehensive perspective for observing and solving this problem. This paper proposes an extended data envelopment analysis model, named the WIN-US-SBM, as a comprehensive eco-efficiency evaluation method that can accommodate undesirable outputs, all the identification problems of decision-making units (DMUs), possible slacks of variables, and the problems of an insufficient number of available DMUs and intertemporal comparability. China's Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone (WTS Economic Zone) is an important regional economic growth center. By applying WIN-US-SBM and ArcGIS software, we investigated data on the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of eco-efficiency in the WTS Economic Zone for the years 2009–2016. Later, the global Malmquist–Luenberger index was used to decompose the sources of growth in eco-efficiency. Finally, the main driving factors of eco-efficiency were explored through a Tobit regression analysis. The empirical results show that: (1) The overall eco-efficiency of the WTS Economic Zone had greatly improved, increasing by 11.46% annually, and the cumulative growth rate of eco-efficiency was 110.84% from 2009 to 2016. (2) The eastern area had the highest average eco-efficiency, followed by the western area and the middle area in that order. Also, the growth rate of the middle area ranked first (16.68%), whereas the eastern area had the slowest growth in eco-efficiency (7.22%). (3) On the whole, the growth of eco-efficiency was driven mainly by technological progress and was restricted by the decrease in management level, which implies that policy makers should focus on improving management and technical levels. (4) High levels of economic development, population density, market openness, and industrial structure had positive effects on the eco-efficiency of the WTS Economic Zone, whereas energy intensity and expenditure on science and technology had negative impacts.

Epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors on placental abruption in Hebei province

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors and epidemiological characteristics of placental abruption (PA) in Hebei province. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect data on 218 880 pregnant women who were hospitalized in 22 hospitals which were under a monitoring program, in Hebei province, from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2016. Data regarding epidemiological characteristics as time distribution, population distribution and related risk factors of placental abruption were gathered and analyzed. Results: In this cohort study, 218 880 women were included, with 669 (0.31%) of the pregnant women having PA. The overall prevalence rates were higher in the South than in the north parts of the area and higher in more developed regional economic centers. The average age of women having the episode was (27.87±4.50) years and presented "J" distribution on the prevalence of maternal age. Results from the multivariate regression analysis showed that the following factors were independently at risk for placental abruption: pregnancy the including hypertension (OR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.09-2.50), mild preeclampsia (OR=3.65, 95%CI: 2.40-5.56), severe preeclampsia (OR=4.72, 95%CI: 3.86-5.76) and anemia (OR=2.41, 95%CI: 2.05-2.83) which were all increased in pregnant women with PA compared with the normal female population without placental abruption. Conclusions: Placental abruption seemed to be associated with a moderate increasing risk of age, and was seen higher in those population older than 35 or younger than 20 year-olds. It was suggested that appropriate inoculation programs should be taken in different regions, especially on high-risk groups. Health education on related disease was of great significance for improving the prenatal outcome.

A study of Chinese regional hierarchical structure based on surnames

We use isonymic distance to measure the dissimilarity in surname structure between populations of Chinese provinces, and we employ the minimum spanning tree (MST) and the single linkage cluster analysis (SLCA) to investigate the hierarchical structure of Chinese provinces and present its corresponding geographical features. We find diverse discrepancies in the averaged isonymic distance among provinces that are attributed to the heterogeneous surname distributions. The MST displays a core–fringe structure with Henan, Anhui, and Hubei making up the core, and several border provinces on the fringe. The degree centrality list in the MST reveals some “local centers” that act as regional economic centers. On the other hand, the geographical layout of MST reflects the historical “Rush to Northeast” mass migration, as well as the blocking effect of the Qinling–Huaihe line that separates north and south China. The clustering results derived from the SLCA show nine groups of provinces in which each group is geographically continuous.

Pozarolnicza działalność gospodarcza w gminach położonych w zasięgu oddziaływania Krakowskiego Obszaru Metropolitalnego

Identyfikacja czynników sprzyjających rozwojowi gospodarczemu należy do najważniejszych zadań ekonomii. Głównym celem opracowania było określenie zależności pomiędzy wybranymi cechami lokalizacji i polityki podatkowej prowadzonej przez organy samorządu terytorialnego a natężeniem przedsiębiorczości w gminach pozostających w strefie oddziaływania Krakowskiego Obszaru Metropolitalnego (KOM). Przeprowadzone analizy wykazały, że w okresie 1995-2016 szybciej zwiększała się liczba podmiotów gospodarczych w gminach bezpośrednio graniczących z Krakowem niż w jednostkach od niego oddalonych. Jednocześnie gminy zlokalizowane korzystniej względem regionalnego centrum gospodarczego prowadziły bardziej restrykcyjną politykę podatkową, dążąc do przejęcia w formie podatków lokalnych części renty lokalizacyjnej realizowanej przez przedsiębiorców.