Theories Of Regional Development Research Articles

EVOLUÇÃO SETORIAL DO EMPREGO NAS MESORREGIÕES PARANAENSES

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento do emprego formal das mesorregiões do estado do Paraná, no período de 2007 a 2013, buscando observar o desempenho de todas as mesorregiões e os setores econômicos que mais se destacaram. Evidencia-se a escolha dos anos visto que, em períodos de crise, o emprego é uma das variáveis macroeconômicas afetadas, já que, o período analisado neste trabalho, abarca a maior crise econômica após 1929. A metodologia utilizada é a análise shift-share, um método utilizado para ressaltar setores e regiões levando em consideração vantagens diferenciais (locacionais) e estruturais (produtivas) quando comparadas a uma região universo. Os resultados apontaram que as regiões Sudoeste e Centro Sul foram as regiões que apresentaram maiores crescimentos relativos do emprego formal. Os resultados setoriais para o estado indicaram que a indústria de calçados e a construção civil foram os setores mais dinâmicos. As mesorregiões Norte Pioneiro, Centro Oriental, Sudeste e Centro Ocidental foram as regiões menos dinâmicas apresentando desvantagens estruturais e diferenciais. Majoritariamente, grande parte das mesorregiões apresentaram maiores vantagens estruturais no setor da construção civil (oito das dez regiões). Houve bastante diversificação quanto à componente diferencial, o que indica que as regiões são muito heterogêneas entre si em questões locacionais. Por fim, destaca-se a importância da análise proposta neste trabalho, visto que conhecer o perfil de uma região é de extrema importância para construir uma agenda de políticas públicas.

Innovation capacity in the healthcare sector and historical anchors: examples from the UK, Switzerland and the US

Innovation is an integral part of economic development in developed economies. In the post 2008 period, a key policy agenda is that of sustainable development, which calls for innovation in all aspects of value-chains. In this paper, we focus on innovation from the biotech—pharma perspective to see whether or not this will lead to a sustainable future for the regions where there are clusters of firms in this sector. We examine data from a recently completed European Union study of innovation in the Healthcare sector from the UK and Switzerland, countries with an historical base in pharma, to understand how innovation pathways vary at the regional level in the broader life sciences, which incorporate biotech and more. Innovation in the healthcare sector in two regions, Oxfordshire in the UK and Zurich in Switzerland are compared. We contextualize our discussion by drawing on studies that focus on the sector in the US, specifically Boston. The analytical framework comprises three elements: innovation systems and national and regional economic development theories are the first two, followed by approaches which consider organizational or institutional activity. This framework is used to help explain and understand the complexity of how innovation is organized at the sub-national level. The overall context is that it is increasing becoming a condition for government financing of research that it has more immediate application in industry or have the possibility of commercialisation (e.g., translational research).

Rebalancing the Spatial Economy: The Challenge for Regional Theory

In response to the crisis of 2008 and deep recession that followed, the UK government assigned key importance to the need to ‘spatially rebalance’ the economy, to reduce its dependence on London and the South East by ‘powering up’ northern cities. This paper argues that the UK's problem of spatial economic imbalance is in fact a long-standing one, the very persistence of which raises key issues for our theories of regional development and policy. It argues that neither the new spatial economics, with its obsession with agglomeration, nor regional studies, with its plethora of concepts and paradigms but lack of integration and synthesis, offers a particularly convincing basis for devising policies capable of redressing the spatial imbalance in the UK's economic landscape.

Beyond Economic Base Theory: The Role of the Residential Economy in Attracting Income to Swiss Regions

Segessemann A. and Crevoisier O. Beyond economic base theory: the role of the residential economy in attracting income to Swiss regions, Regional Studies. Regional development theories are mainly focused on export-based activities to explain regional competitiveness. The increasing mobility of workers and residents leads to a reconsideration of this approach. Residential economy has become a strategic issue to generate incomes within regions. With this view, the paper analyses the link between economic activities and incomes from workers and annuitants residents. A spatial typology breakdown is compiled for Swiss regions using a hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Empirical results highlight various regional development profiles. Conversely to export-based theories, regions with higher income are those with strong residential economy, thus opening new avenues for local governance.

Rural School In The Context Of Community-Led Local Development*

Abstract The paper is based on the general concept of knowledge society and deals with regional development theories which emphasize local environment as an important part of rural development. The following two questions were studied: (1) What is the early experience of municipalities when establishing a Community School? (2) In which other municipalities would it be possible and appropriate to build such a school? For this purpose, both secondary and primary research methods were combined with data collection techniques – document study, observation, and questioning. Because the examined problem is set in the context of community-led local development (CLLD), violation of the ‘bottom-up’ approach principle is also highlighted. The paper presents the first experiences in the establishment of seven Community Schools within the Pilsen region and based on them also recommendations for the feasibility and suitability of establishing this type of school in other rural municipalities. The results show that the educational sector is not assisting in the modernization of rural schools with regard to community education and that the possibility of the contemporary and meaningful existence of schools in small rural municipalities remains ignored.

Accentuate The Regional

AbstractWe are witnessing an unprecedented period in which the urban and the regional, formerly quite distinct from one another, are blending together to define something new and different. Never before have regional approaches been more important in urban research, and urban emphases more influential in regional development theory and planning. As one of the only forums that explicitly combines the urban and the regional, IJURR has a rare opportunity to take the lead in defining and expanding critical urban/regional studies. This essay identifies eight challenging themes for innovative critical and comparative regional research.

INNOVATIVE MECHANISMS OF REGULATION OF INTERREGIONAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASYMMETRY IN UKRAINE

In the article there are analyzed the need for development and implementation of innovation-oriented regional development policy, and development of new innovative instruments of regional development that would be effective in terms of Ukraine's transition to a market economic system, as well as the essence of innovation potential and its place in the structure of the social and economic potential. The article shows the number of scientific theories that explain the dynamics of regional development and, consequently, causes asymmetries that are formed between regions. Here are also analyzed more innovative theories of regional development, the list of specific mechanisms for innovative regional policy, and especially their impact on overcoming inter-regional socio-economic asymmetry in Ukraine.

Preference for Liquidity of Agents: An Analyse of Brasilian Case

This work is meant to show the relevance of the role of money in explaining regional disparities. Points out that before the currency and the banks are incorporated theories of regional development, had two views on regional development, founded on a convergence of unequal growth and divergence in another, where the rates would become increasingly unequal. The literature on the regional economy have given little attention to financial variables and their role in regional development. In this context, the currency has received secondary treatment in the analysis of the regional economy, perhaps in the belief of some theorists in the neutrality of money in the long run, or others who have relied on the assumption of perfect interregional mobility of capital. However, this perspective has been changing in recent years, particularly in post-Keynesian agenda. Thus, we intend to examine the behavior of the public regarding the preference for liquidity in the face of regional characteristics and the financial instability and therefore demonstrate their relevance to explain the differences in regional economic development. To analyze the decision to demand money was used educational and behavioral aspects. The hypothesis that there is a financial concentration in regions with a lower liquidity preference was ratified. For this, the study was developed based on the analysis of units of the Brazilian federation. The database of the Central Bank, and Datasus allowed the use of the formula suggested by the literature pertinent to the theme

Preference for Liquidity of Agents: An Analyse of Brasilian Case

This work is meant to show the relevance of the role of money in explaining regional disparities. Points out that before the currency and the banks are incorporated theories of regional development, had two views on regional development, founded on a convergence of unequal growth and divergence in another, where the rates would become increasingly unequal. The literature on the regional economy have given little attention to financial variables and their role in regional development. In this context, the currency has received secondary treatment in the analysis of the regional economy, perhaps in the belief of some theorists in the neutrality of money in the long run, or others who have relied on the assumption of perfect interregional mobility of capital. However, this perspective has been changing in recent years, particularly in post-Keynesian agenda. Thus, we intend to examine the behavior of the public regarding the preference for liquidity in the face of regional characteristics and the financial instability and therefore demonstrate their relevance to explain the differences in regional economic development. To analyze the decision to demand money was used educational and behavioral aspects. The hypothesis that there is a financial concentration in regions with a lower liquidity preference was ratified. For this, the study was developed based on the analysis of units of the Brazilian federation. The database of the Central Bank, and Datasus allowed the use of the formula suggested by the literature pertinent to the theme

MANAGEMENT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN TERMS OF ITS REGIONAL LOCALIZATION IN SLOVAKIA

The phenomenon of globalization had resulted in strengthening of the international capital movement in the 1990s, which led to an intensive retraction of small and open economies into the globalization process. The foreign direct investment (FDI) has since gained its importance, especially in the area of local and regional development. Its positive impact is reflected at the local, as well as at the national level. FDI is the means of ensuring technology transfer, increasing employment, as well as improving the quality of the workforce.The aim of this article is to assess the stock of foreign direct investment and its localization in the Slovak regions at NUTS III level. From the content perspective, the article analyzes the economic development of the Slovak region by region, based on the stock of FDI, by using models from neoclassical theory of regional development for the period from 1999 to 2009. We assumed that the different regional stock of foreign direct investment would have a significant impact on the economic differentiation of the regions in the Slovak Republic. This analysis confirmed our assumption.

Czynniki rozwoju obszarów wzrostu i obszarów stagnacji gospodarczej w Polsce

Differentiation of socio-economic development level and polarization thereof are strongly articulated features of this process included in the classical concepts of regional development theories (especially of polarized development) as well as their contemporary continuations. They lead to emergence of growth and stagnation areas in economic space. Therefore it is essential to seek for answers to questions concerning the causes of existing disparities in spatial systems and processes reinforcing the polarization. The main aim of this paper is to identify and analyze the important factors which determine the distribution and development of the growth and stagnation areas. It is carried out for selected aspects of the development process treated individually and for all aspects together considered a holistic approach to the development processes. The procedure for the identification of growth factors is based on canonical correlation analysis (holistic approach) and regression modeling (partialaspects). Research procedure was performed both for all poviats (NUTS 4), as well as in their specific subsystems being growth and stagnation areas.

Socioeconomic characteristics of family farming: a case study of maize producers of Pinhão-PR

The present study aimed to establish the socioeconomic profile of family farms producing maize in the municipality of Pinhao-PR, being relevant given the importance of the family farm for the city, and the corn crop for small farmers. Therefore, primary sources were surveyed through questionnaires, and secondary books and articles in the area, using the case study method with a quantitative approach and inductive. The discussions about the importance of agriculture for development and the various theories of regional development served as the theoretical basis for the research. After analyzing the questionnaires, it was found that the properties ranging from 3 to 79 hectares, with an average of 25.86 hectares, mostly supplied by springs. The producers are on average 18 years producing, and labor, family labor is mostly between 36 and 55 years and the level of education has a tendency inversely proportional to age. The units studied have great diversification in production, especially in smaller properties, with corn production quite heterogeneous, but with low productivity on average 112 bags per hectare due to soil conditions and low use of inputs and technology. All farmers surveyed have adopted measures to preserve the environment and make use of rural credit. The main difficulties are the inherent characteristics of the soil and lack of support from the public sector. It is suggested that further research be done to deepen these aspects and also similar work in other municipalities.

Periphery syndrome - a reinterpretation of regional development theory in a resource periphery

A study is made of industrialization and the transition in economic structure as it has affected a remote peripheral region of Finland with a predominantly resource‑based economy over the last twenty years or so. The empirical resultsare used to interpret and develop theory of regional development adequate for describing the transition of this peripheral region from an area dominated by primary‑sector production to one characterized by industry and the service sec­tor. The resource‑based peripheral region concerned is the province of Northern Karelia. A region‑level core‑periphery system is outlined in which the organization of the economy, the division of labour, performance potential and environmental relations are examined by regional and spatial analysis and resource analysis. A model is developed for evaluating the performance potential of an economy and proposing alternative paths of development. Development in a periphery is regulated by external impulses (demand, regional policy, etc.) together with the distinctive features imposed on the economy by its past history. This development can be explained by reference to rationaliza­tion in resource processing sectors, profitability difficulties, poor growth propen­sity and special characteristics of the division of labour and the adoption of new technology. The combined effect of these factors, termed here the periphery syn­drome, leads to differences in affluence and in general to regional differentia­tion in the economy. The syndrome is dynamic in nature. The principal problems following the economic transition are shifting away from rationalization in agricul­ture and towards the structure of industry itself. The resource periphery is be­coming an industrial periphery. The conclusions comprise a set of eight conceptual systems of factors which should be taken into account when studying economic transition and industriali­zation in peripheral regions. These concern development with respect to popula­tion, rationalization, regional policy, the spatial division of labour, spatial cost structures, demand, entrepreneurship and resource and environment factors and the influence of these on regional development in the periphery in question. The differences in development between the sectors of industry are of sig­nificance for regional development as a whole, and allowance should be made for these in the theory. Where theories of development in resource peripheries tend to represent outcomes of a number of external and internal factors and ones applying to individual sectors, the explanatory model evolved here comprises theo­retical concepts of a number of different types.

Contemporary Crisis Across Europe and the Crisis of Regional Development Theories

Hadjimichalis C. and Hudson R. Contemporary crisis across Europe and the crisis of regional development theories, Regional Studies. This paper explores the prima facie puzzling issue of why so much contemporary theory in economic geography and regional planning – specifically New Economic Geography (NEG) and New Regionalism (NR) – has so little to say about the causes of the current post-2007 crisis and its geography globally and in Europe. It is argued here that this reflects its obsession with the regional ‘success stories’ of the 1970s and 1980s, its failure to appreciate the onset of crisis and the reasons for it in these regions in the 1990s, and its failure to appreciate the nature of capitalism as a crisis prone social system of combined and uneven development. Thus, the current economic crisis pushed dominant regional development theories into a homologous deep theoretical crisis. It is concluded that the time is ripe for a paradigm shift in theory and that this should involve a reconsideration of earlier theoretical approaches that fell out of fashion for a variety of intellectual and political reasons and of current radical social movements.

A Positive and Comparative Study on Industrial Structure Transformation Capacity of Provincial Level Divisions in China

Most urban planning policies are affected by the industrial structure. This paper gave a positive and comparative analysis on the industrial structure transformation ability and transformation direction of the thirty-one provincial level divisions in China by using principal component analysis, based on theories of regional economic development and industrial economics. The results show that Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shandong have strong industrial structure transformation ability and the industrial transformation direction is in the tertiary industry except for Guangdong, Jiangsu and Shandong. The industrial structure transformation ability over the thirty-one regions exhibits a decreasing trend from the eastern coastal area to the west inland. The sequence of industry structure transformation direction is from the first industry to the second and then to the tertiary for China.

Governing regional economic development: innovation challenges and policy learning in Canada

Regional development policy offers a fascinating window on the interplay between the spatial distribution of economic activity and the interaction across multiple levels of government. Canada provides a compelling case to examine the theory and practice of regional development due to the diverse nature of its economy, the decentralised nature of its federation and more than five decades of federal policy activism. This article explores Canada’s six regional development agencies, adopting an organisational learning lens to explain a paradigm shift in policy from redistribution to innovation. Two prominent traditions in regional studies—‘nested scales’ of economic innovation and ‘multi-level governance’ of political intervention—are brought together to interpret Canadian dynamics and draw lessons for scholarly research and policy practice.

BENDROSIOS PASIENIO REGIONO SOCIALINĖS IR EKONOMINĖS RAIDOS TENDENCIJOS IR VERSLO AUGIMO VEIKSNIAI

The article deals with Lithuanian-Latvian cross-border region economic development trends and economic growth disparities. The problem and relevance of the analysis of Klaipeda County and Kurzeme region's economic development are based on the comparison of regional development theories and competitiveness models, which provide the scientific novelty of the topic and scientific interpretations of the review. The analysis of the development of cross-border socio-economic indicators confirmed the socio-cultural integrity, commonality of problems and similar further development strategic directions of Lithuanian-Latvian border region. The paper defines the main border region's business growth factors, which include human resources, knowledge resources, capital, infrastructure as well as internal and external demand conditions. The study emphasizes that principal guarantees of regional competitiveness are business development, work place stability, manufacturing and service sector development, and the social well-being of the population. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.em.17.4.3001

Study on Spatial and Temporal Variation of Ecological Compensation in Wuhu

According to the regional sustainable development theory, studied on Wuhu city’s ecological compensation using the ecological compensation framework based on eco-footprint model. The results show that four administrative areas are faced with unsustainable development, the average of the ecological surplus is Wuhu county>urban area>Fanchang county>Nanling county during 2002-2006,the average of the ecological compensation is Wuhu county>Nanling county>Fanchang county>urban area， the ecological compensation of all administrative areas are negative except Fanchang county in 2003, the ecological resources of all administrative areas is not self sufficiency, and should import resource from other area. The research sets the theoretical basis and data support for the distribution of the internal compensate share reasonably in Wuhu city, and rationalizing occupancy of ecological service function.

Modelling Local and Regional Economic Development in Turkey: A “Curate's Egg”

AbstractThis paper explores and unpacks the nature of the processes shaping regional economic growth in Turkey using an econometric modelling strategy. Existing empirical research in this field has focussed on regions in economically advanced and technologically innovative economies. As a consequence, the broader picture of the dynamics of regional development in less developed countries, particularly its social and political origins and the overall changes in regional inequality, has remained elusive and less clear. In this study, a set of econometric models is developed to explore the validity of a range of theoretical propositions in explaining the trajectories of regional economic change in Turkey between 2004 and 2008. Growth is calibrated in terms of employment and changing rates of unemployment in the chosen time period in the 81 provinces of Turkey. The results of the study explain that implications of the current local and regional economic development theories are a “Curate's Egg”—good in parts—because these theories are only partially relevant in the Turkish context.

Modern theories of regional development – a review of some concepts

Researches on determinants of regional development are an important part of economic thought. And just like the whole economic theory, it was the subject of visible evolution as the whole economy had changed and as we gained some practice in stimulating economic development. However, in the public awareness one can still observe a strong influence of “old” or traditional theories. Many (also some economists) still see regional development as an exogenous process which should be inspired and managed by a central government. Also, there is a strong tendency to consider the main goal of regional policy as artificial leveling of regions’ development. Only recently there has been a visible shift in the approach to the problem of regional development. The aim of the article is to present some most commonly recognized modern theories of regional development, which stand opposite to the traditional approach. It shows the evolution of theories of regional development from exogenous to endogenous concepts, and from the sectoral to holistic view on this issue. Of course, it does not cover all of the thoughts of a fruitful discussion on this topic. It is rather an inspiration to increase and improve one’s knowledge of this topic.