Regional Carrying Capacity Research Articles

ANALISIS POTENSI PAKAN SERTA INDEKS DAYA DUKUNG WILAYAH TIGA KECAMATAN DI KABUPATEN MAGELANG TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN TERNAK SAPI PERAH

Magelang Regency is a district with an area of 1.085,73 km2 with an agricultural land area of 78,897 Ha consisting of wetland with 36,974 Ha and dryland with 41,923 Ha. The total population of dairy cattle in Magelang Regency is 503, while the need for milk reaches 8.184,61 liters/year. This research aims to find out and provide information regarding the potential amount of forage availability and the regional carrying capacity index in supporting the development of dairy cattle. The data collection method used is a survey method with samples taken from Grabag District, Sawangan District, and Ngablak District with data consisting of the identity of livestock ownership, number and type of livestock owned, origin of feed, and kind of feed used, as well as harvest area. The data analysis method that is used is descriptive analysis. The results of the research show the potential of agricultural products in 2021 consisting of waste products from corn straw, peanuts, sweet potatoes, and cassava in Ngablak District, Sawangan District, and Grabag District is 796.962 tons, the potential for natural forage is 16.638,6 tons, the carrying capacity of dairy cattle is 2.892,3 ST, the Carrying Capacity Index (IDD) is 2.273,6 and this is included in the safe criteria which still has great potential to be used as a dairy cattle development area.

Smart rest area development to support tourist trip in limited access transport area. Study in the Dieng area, Central Java

The concept of cluster development has characteristics that are identical to tourism activities. Based on the Master Plan for the KSPN Dieng and its Surroundings, the Dieng Plateau is developed with several development strategies, namely the development and strengthening of local potential-based tourist attractions in a sustainable manner, increasing regional carrying capacity and the participation of local communities to support tourism, as well as developing cross-sectoral and regional policies. Accessibility in the Dieng area and its surroundings is supported by road and the availability of public transport. However, accessibility to the Dieng area, which is in an enclaved area, still faces limitations and causes the time and distance to be quite long. Proposal are taken to develop a rest area with many functions. As in Japan, the concept of “michinoeki” or roadside station was developed to provide comfortable facilities for tourists while resting on their way to main attractions or even making “michinoeki” one of the tourist destinations.

Driving Factors for Sustainable Livestock Development in Indonesia: Study on Beef Cattle Commodities

Driving factors for the development of smallholder beef cattle farming include consumption needs and market availability, government policies and institutional, social and cultural support from the community, availability of animal feed sources, availability of upstream and downstream industries, as well as regional carrying capacity and the use of appropriate technology. The aim of the research is to analyze the influence of driving factors on sustainable livestock development in beef cattle commodities. The research variables consist of driving factors (X) and the five dimensions of sustainable livestock development, namely the ecological dimension (Y1), the economical dimension (Y2), the social and cultural dimension (Y3), the institutional dimension (Y4), and the technological dimension (Y5). Research data was obtained by means of Focus Group Discussion (FGDs), filling in questionnaires, and interviews. The research respondents consisted of 60 small-scale beef cattle fattening farmers with ownership of 7-60 heads in Bondowoso District. Data were analyzed partially using simple linear regression with SPSS 26.0. The research results showed that driving factors had a positive and significant influence on sustainable livestock development, especially on the ecological dimension of 0.492, the economical dimension of 0.376, the social and cultural dimension of 0.327, and the institutional dimension of 0.442. The research conclusion shows that the driving factors for sustainable livestock development are worthy of the attention of all stakeholders in beef cattle livestock commodities, for example, in the ecological dimension, farmers are able to manage and process livestock waste to be used as plant fertilizer. In the economical dimension, farmers are able to play a role in increasing livestock business income. In the social and cultural dimensions, it is able to encourage the participation of family members in the livestock farming business. In the institutional dimension, farmers actively participate in livestock coaching and extension programs.

Formulating a Strategy for Development of Smallholder Beef Cattle Farming in Indonesia with the Force Field Analysis (FFA) Method

Beef cattle farming in Indonesia is dominated by smallholder farms with a micro scale, which is less than 5 (five) heads, traditionally raised with limited resources, but is sustainable. This study aims to formulate a strategy for the development of smallholder beef cattle farms. Research data was obtained by means of Focus Group Discussion (FGD), filling out questionnaires, and in-depth interviews with key speakers. Data analysis using Force Field Analysis (FFA) method which is based on driving factors (D) and inhibiting factors (H). The results of the study found that the driving factors for the development of smallholder beef cattle farming in Indonesia are consumption needs and market availability, government policies and institutional, social and cultural support of the community, availability of animal feed sources, availability of upstream and downstream industries, as well as regional carrying capacity and the use of appropriate technology, while the inhibiting factors for the development of smallholder beef cattle in Indonesia are unowned livestock Fully business-oriented, livestock cultivation is family savings, market access and long marketing chains, limited resource accessibility, poor reproductive management and low feeder availability, as well as weak protection of live cattle selling prices and tends to fluctuate. The conclusion of the study shows that the driving factor (D) has a smaller value when compared to the inhibiting factor (H), so the proposed policy recommendation is to revitalize government policies that support the development of the agribusiness sector (upstream, onfarm, and downstream) and agro-industry of smallholder beef cattle initiated by farmer institutions.

Analisis Kesesuaian Dan Daya Dukung Kawasan (DDK) Wisata Rekreasi Pantai Di Pantai Yeh Gangga, Tabanan, Bali

Yeh Gangga Beach is growing tourist attraction in Tabanan Regency, Bali. Tourism activities have a close bond with natural resources owned by the tourist area. The feasibility/suitability of a tourist area and the number of visitors that can be accommodated in tourist activities is important to know, so as not to cause disruption to both tourist activities and the environment and the direction of development. This research has a purpose, namely knowing the Tourism Conformity Index and Regional Support Capacity for coastal recreation activities. The method used is purposive field observation sampling at 4 point stations and interviewing tourists by accidental random sampling. The data used is primary and secondary data, with analysis of The Tourism Conformity Index and Regional Carrying Capacity. The results of the study obtained an average area for tourism activities of 17.98 m2 and time for tourism activities for 2 hours 14 minutes per day with a value of Regional Support Capacity of 3,273 people/day, 98,190 people/month and 1,178,280 people/year. The Tourist Conformity Index shows a value of 85.11% at station 1, 86.90% at station 2, 77.97% at station 3, and 80.35% at station 4. With this area Yeh Gangga Beach is still under carrying capacity and still suitable for beach recreation activities in accordance with the utilization zone of beach recreation tourism in Yeh Gangga.

A Review of Research Methods of Land Resources Carrying Capacity

The carrying capacity of land resources is the basis of urban development strategy decision-making, which is of great significance for guiding urban sustainable development and serving the national strategic needs. This paper combs the historical development process of the theory of land resources carrying capacity from the initial stage to the regional carrying capacity stage, and the relevant research hotspots at home and abroad in recent years. The research on the carrying capacity of land resources gradually began to cross with the directions of ecological environment, socio-economic development, climate change and other disciplines, and the research direction continued to expand. However, at present, there are still some shortcomings in the research on the carrying capacity of land resources, some quantitative research and dynamic monitoring mechanisms are not yet mature, and the evaluation index system of land resources carrying capacity needs to be further improved. At present, the more mature analysis and evaluation methods include TOPSIS method with entropy weight, global Moran's I index method, geographical probe analysis method and so on. In the future, in order to further guide and serve the ecological sustainable development of cities, the research on land resources carrying capacity still needs to be expanded to multi-scale and multi-factor aspects, and more statistical models and machine learning should be introduced to meet the multi-faceted needs of the new era.

Evaluation of the Environmental Performance of Cropping Systems under Different Nitrogen Management Scenarios Considering Regional Nitrogen Resilience

The agricultural sector is a primary driver of nitrogen (N) pollution. Several European and German policy measures exist regulating N inputs and fostering mitigation measures in crop management. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an established tool for assessing environmental impacts which are also broadly applied for crop production systems and evaluation of N management strategies. However, due to the multiple spatial and temporal pathways of N losses from crop production, assessing N-related impacts in LCA is not straightforward. Consequently, this study further developed and applied a novel distance-to-target approach including regional carrying capacity based normalization references for N assessment in LCA. The overall aim was to prove its applicability as regional decision support for the assessment of N management strategies in cropping systems considering environmental interventions with regional N resiliencies. Therefore, environmental interventions were evaluated within a case study for four different N management scenarios for rapeseed cropping systems in five German NUTS-3 regions. Regional carrying capacity based normalization references were derived for two N-related impact categories: terrestrial eutrophication and terrestrial acidification. The regional normalization references also included background interventions of non-crop producing sectors and were provided for all German NUTS-3 regions applicable as distance-to-target values in LCA. Overall results showed that environmental interventions and exceedance of N resilience were lowest in the N-management scenario applying catch crops for both impact categories. The case study demonstrated that considering absolute sustainability references as regional N resilience in LCA is a valuable tool for agricultural decision-makers to evaluate N management strategies for crop production systems.

Development Strategy Of Coastal Village Based On Marine Tourism Potential In Munjungagung Village, Tegal Regency, Central Java Province

ABSTRACTOne of the coastal resource that has considerable potential but has not been appropriately managed is marine ecotourism resources. Munjungagung Village has beautiful beaches and is never empty of visitors during holidays. There is also a Fishing and Diving Spot. It can be a potential for marine ecotourism and has an excellent opportunity to develop into mainstay tourism. It is hoped that it can improve the community welfare. This research aimed to study the Coastal Village's plan, which was developed based on the potential for marine tourism in Munjungagung Village. This research used the descriptive method and was conducted from April to November 2021 to determine the potential for marine tourism, psychographics of tourists, the carrying capacity of the area, and a strategic development plan. The data were analyzed using Tourism Suitability Index (TSI), Regional Carrying Capacity, and SWOT. It showed that the tourist sites were still suitable for beach tourism activities, snorkeling, and diving. The TSI of this site is 94.05% which is interpreted as very suitable. The site also fulfills the carrying capacity of tourism, except during the peak holiday season. Based on the calculation, this site can accommodate 300 people per day, and 8 people for snorkeling and diving in an area of 5.0 ha. Keywords: Marine Ecotourism, Regional Suitability, Carrying Capacity, Larangan Beach

Evaluation of Regional Carrying Capacity under Economic-Social-Resource-Environment Complex System: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

As a rigid constraint of the scale and speed of regional economic-social development, carrying capacity is an endogenous variable of regional sustainable development potential. Concepts such as ecological footprint and virtual water have been introduced into the research field of carrying capacity, but dynamic and comprehensive problems in carrying capacity have not been effectively solved. This paper attempts to overcome these limitations by taking the regional factor aggregation degree as the weight and the regional green GDP as the carrying object. Based on the economic-social supplying force, resource supporting force, and environmental constraint force, from the perspective of comprehensive factors assessment, we have constructed an evaluation system of regional carrying capacity index, including mineral, water, and bioecological resources, as well as labor and other factors, and evaluated the regional carrying capacity of 11 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The results indicate that (1) the supporting force of the resource subsystem becomes the most critical factor affecting the carrying capacity of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and the cross-regional flow potential of resource factors increases the regional carrying capacity threshold. (2) The regional carrying capacity, economic-social, resource and environmental subsystems of the Yangtze River Economic Belt are steadily improving, and the overall trend is positive. The quantified dynamic evaluation of regional economic-social, resource and environmental carrying capacity provides a theoretical support for the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt eco-priority green development demonstration area.

Supporting Capacity of Tourism Areas in Ngandong Beach, Sidoharjo Village, Tepus District, Gunungkidul Regency, D.I.Yogyakarta

The Special Region of Yogyakarta is an area that is used as a recreational destination and is visited by many tourists. Many tourism activities are supported by the various facilities that have been provided by the community, government, entrepreneurs, and local governments. Tourists who came to Gunungkidul Regency with a combined number of foreign tourists and Nusantara tourists reached 3,661,612 tourists in 2019. High waves on July 25 2018 damaged tourist attractions and also settlements on Ngandong Beach. The purpose of this study is to determine the carrying capacity of the tourism area on Ngandong Beach. The area’s carrying capacity is known by calculating the number of visitors who come to Ngndong Beach and calculating using the formula for regional carrying capacity. Based on the calculation results, the carrying capacity of the area on Ngandong Beach can accommodate 1,225 people/day and has an area of 26,661 m2. The results obtained will be suggestions for the government and the surrounding community in processing the coastal areas on Ngandong Beach.

Determining the Regional Carrying Capacity of the Wuhan City Circle Based on the Improved Ecological Footprint Method

AbstractThis study builds upon the traditional ecological footprint model by adding two new accounts of resource flows and using two new calculating method. This first account concerns water resources and accounts for water consumption in cities. The second account tracks basic types of pollutant accounts. Energy theory and net primary productivity were used to calculate the ecological footprint. Aiming at the problem of application in city, a city hectare spatial scale was used and a regional carrying capacity correction parameter was referenced. This framework provides insight into calculations of the bearing capacity of certain areas. The Wuhan City Circle was used as a case study with the objectives of calculating the ecological footprint and regional carrying capacity and analyzing its spatiotemporal evolution and capacity for sustainable development. The results indicated that from 2000 to 2015, the average annual rate of decline of the carrying capacity of the Wuhan City Circle was 9.18%, and from 2015 to 2017, the average annual rate of increase was 38.91%. The ecological footprints of fossil energy and build‐up land accounts increased over the years, exposing problems with land and energy utilization in the Wuhan City Circle. The continuous decline of the water resources carrying capacity reminds policy makers to pay attention to the protection of water areas. These results can help policy makers integrate historical data to adjust existing plans and make more specific future plans.

Climate and environmental context of the Mongol invasion of Syria and defeat at ‘Ayn Jālūt (1258–1260 CE)

After a successful conquest of large parts of Syria in 1258 and 1259 CE, the Mongol army lost the battle of 'Ayn Jālūt against Mamluks on September 3, 1260 CE. Recognized as a turning point in world history, their sudden defeat triggered the reconfiguration of strategic alliances and geopolitical power not only in the Middle East, but also across much of Eurasia. Despite decades of research, scholars have not yet reached consensus over the causes of the Mongol reverse. Here, we revisit previous arguments in light of climate and environmental changes in the aftermath of one the largest volcanic forcings in the past 2500 years, the Samalas eruption ~1257 CE. Regional tree ring-based climate reconstructions and state-of-the-art Earth System Model simulations reveal cooler and wetter conditions from spring 1258 to autumn 1259 CE for the eastern Mediterranean/Arabian region. We therefore hypothesize that the post-Samalas climate anomaly and associated environmental variability affected an estimated 120,000 Mongol soldiers and up to half a million of their horses during the conquest. More specifically, we argue that colder and wetter climates in 1258 and 1259 CE, while complicating and slowing the campaign in certain areas, such as the mountainous regions in the Caucasus and Anatolia, also facilitated the assault on Syria between January and March 1260. A return to warmer and dryer conditions in the summer of 1260 CE, however, likely reduced the regional carrying capacity and may therefore have forced a mass withdrawal of the Mongols from the region that contributed to the Mamluks’ victory. In pointing to a distinct environmental dependency of the Mongols, we offer a new explanation of their defeat at 'Ayn Jālūt, which effectively halted the further expansion of the largest ever land-based empire.

New model of hazard potential index based on slope land disturbance and regional carrying capacity: a case study of Namaxia District in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

New model of hazard potential index based on slope land disturbance and regional carrying capacity: a case study of Namaxia District in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

Evaluation of natural support capacity of water resources using principal component analysis method: a case study of Fuyang district, China

The natural support capacity (NSC) of water resources is a key aspect of the regional carrying capacity of water resources, and it can reflect the quality and quantity of water resources in a region. This paper aims to evaluate the NSC of water resources using a model based on the principal component analysis (PCA) to benefit the development and utilization of regional water resources. A case study in the Fuyang district, Zhejiang Province, China, was carried out. First, water resources, as dependent variables, were assumed to be linearly influenced by the indicators affecting the NSC of water resources. These indicators were regarded as independent variables for multivariate analysis in this study. Then, the available water resources data for the Fuyang district between 1995 and 2003 were inputted to the model to analyze NSC levels of water resources. The results indicated that the most important parameters influencing the NSC of water resources could be shortlisted to water resources availability, surface water resources, groundwater resources, allowable withdrawal of water resources, and emission intensity of chemical oxygen demanding. Our findings revealed that the NSC of water resources in the Fuyang district fluctuated between 1995 and 1999 and generally declined after 2000, indicating that the issue of water pollution has worsened since 2000. These results are consistent with the field observations and thus shall provide new potential applications of a PCA-based model in evaluating the NSC of water resources and the relevant water resource carrying capacity for similar areas.

Suitability and Carrying Capacity of Seagrass for Snorkeling on Tunda Island, Banten

The seagrass ecosystem has ecological and economical functions, which can provide benefits to the surrounding community as a conservation area and marine tourism. Studies on the suitability of seagrass ecosystems for marine tourism, especially snorkeling, on Tunda island are needed to support their use. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the suitability and carrying capacity of seagrass ecosystems on Tunda Island, Banten for marine tourism snorkeling. The research was conducted in March - July 2019. The research method carried out was a survey with five observation stations in the seagrass area on Tunda Island. The parameters observed are seagrass cover, seagrass type, fish type, brightness, temperature, depth, current speed, substrate type, salinity, pH, DO, facilities, and infrastructure as well as accessibility. Data analysis was performed in a comparative description between five observation stations. The result of this research showed that station 1 (in north area) and station 4 (in southeast region) had a value of the Tourism Suitability Index in the range of 73.15% - 77.78% and included in the Suitable category, which are potential stations to be developed as snorkeling marine tourism areas. The carrying capacity of the seagrass area for snorkeling tours on Tunda Island, Banten with an area of 11,197 hectares is 44 people per day. Keywords : Marine tourism, regional carrying capacity, regional suitability, seagrass, snorkeling.

Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Differences of China’s Power Carbon Footprint

Thermal power generation has increased CO2 emissions, which in turn has put tremendous pressure on the environment. Therefore, analyzing the regional ecological environmental carrying capacity of thermal power carbon emissions is of great significance for countries with high thermal power capacity to guide the development of low-carbon power and industrial layout. To accurately measure the pressure of regional power production for the environment, this paper proposes the concept of renewable energy virtual carbon emission based on the carbon footprint theory. The regional power carbon footprint (PCF) depth model and the regional power carbon deficit model are constructed. Moreover, through the statistics of China’s power production, this paper calculates the depth of China’s PCF and analyzes the temporal and spatial differences of China’s PCF depth from the three aspects of regional power installation structure, power deficit, and PCF transfer. The results obtained illustrate, firstly, that China’s overall PCF continues to increase, with the depth of PCF moving eastward. Secondly, due to the imbalance of China’s PCF, there are significant temporal and spatial differences in the depth of regional PCF. Thirdly, with the rapid development of renewable energy in China, the effect of controlling the depth of regional PCF by renewable energy is rising. Besides, the transfer of PCF among different China’s regions has significant impact on the change of PCF depth of power output provinces.

Coastal resource-environmental carrying capacity assessment: A comprehensive and trade-off analysis of the case study in Jiangsu coastal zone, eastern China

The coastal zone is the key area for sustainable scientific research and realizing the strategic development of China's economic and ecological goals. As one of the regions with the highest human activity, the coordinated development of its ecological environment and social economy cannot be ignored. Based on the study of the relationship between ecological environment quality and socio-economic development, this paper proposed the Coastal Resource-environmental Carrying Capacity (CRECC) which including three subsystems (the Resource's system, the Ecological system, and the Socio-economical system), as well as 6 first-level indices and 20 s-level indicators. The entropy weight method and analytic hierarchy process were used to calculate the average weight, and the changing rate of carrying capacity value was analyzed based on the ordinary least square method. Taking the coastal zone of Jiangsu Province as the study area, we calculated the changes of comprehensive/subsystems' carrying capacity from 2000 to 2015, and the trade-off relationship within the subsystem was analyzed. From 2000 to 2015, the value of CRECC, the Resource's system, and the Socio-economical system decreased while the Ecological system's value showed a volatility rise. Overall, the regional carrying capacity level was low. However, positive environmental management measures have significantly improved the status of the ecological environment and helped to alleviate the environmental pressure brought by population growth. the Ecological system played an important role in the change of regional carrying capacity. Vegetation coverage, coastal water environment quality index, tidal flat reclamation area, habitat, and ecological land proportion are significant influencing factors. This also indicated that the landscape ecological status, offshore water quality and utilization of space resources in Jiangsu coastal zone aren't sustainable. Therefore, it is recommended to improve the ecological resilience of coastal zones, such as implementing spatial planning of tidal flat resources, and controlling pollutant discharge, etc. in order to promote the regional sustainable development.

Evaluating Ecotourism Development in Bontang: Water Quality, Compatibility, and Carrying Capacity

Marine and coastal tourism are both among the largest segments of the tourism industry and fastest growing local economic activities. However, tourism is also one of the main contributors to environmental depletion. This study aimed to evaluate the condition of the water quality, and the compatibility and the regional carrying capacity of the coastal area of Bontang City intended for marine tourism. Data were collected by purposive randomised sampling and used multicriteria analyses, based on the reference point methodology by adjusting parameters for each tourism category. The data were quantified using a matrix method then analysed descriptively. The results showed that the water quality qualified based on water quality standards with pollution index values of 0.72 and 0.80 for Kedindingan Island and Beras Basah Island, respectively. The tourist compatibility index for the mangrove tourism category was very suitable (80.7%), the snorkelling tourism category was appropriate (64.42%) and the beach tourism category also appropriate (78.6%). Furthermore, the regional carrying capacity was 392 people/day for the Beras Basah Island and 10,766 people/day for Kedindingan Island.

KESESUAIAN DAN DAYA DUKUNG EKOWISATA MANGROVE DI DESA KURAU DAN DESA KURAU BARAT KABUPATEN BANGKA TENGAH

ABSTRACT
 Mangrove ecosystems are one ecosystem that is vulnerable damaged. Mangrove ecotourism is one of the efforts that can do to reduce damage in the utilization of mangrove ecosystems.This study aims to calculate the suitability and carrying capacity of mangrove ecotourism in the Kurau Village and West Kurau Village, Central Bangka Regency. This research was conducted in March 2019 at the Mangrove ecotourism area of ​​Kurau Village and West Kurau Village. The study location determined using a purposive sampling method consisting of 3 substations in one location to get primary data and secondary data. Descriptive method was used to analyze the Tourism Suitability Index (IKW) and the Regional Carrying Capacity (DDK). The calculation results show that the mangrove ecotourism area of ​​Kurau Village is included in the suitable category (S2) with a Suitability Index value is 74.36% and the Regional Carrying Capacity (DDK) is 44 people per day (10 hours / day) and West Kurau Village is included in suitable category (S2) with a Suitability Index value of 74.36% and the Regional Carrying Capacity (DDK) is 55 people per day (10 hours open / day).

A bibliometric analysis of comparative research on the evolution of international and Chinese ecological footprint research hotspots and frontiers since 2000

The ecological footprint (EF) methodology, which is a tool for evaluating the natural resource use level and regional carrying capacity, has been extensively used to measure the capacity to reach both an ecological supply and demand balance and a level of sustainable development. In this study, to systematically sort and analyse the distribution of EF research, its hot areas and the evolution of its fronts, papers with “ecological footprint” as the subject term in the Web of Science Core Collection Database and the China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database Core Journals since 2000 are visually analysed using CiteSpace. The characteristics of these papers, including the quantity trend, quality, author group, affiliated institution type and journal type, are summarized, and keyword co-appearance and paper co-citation knowledge maps are produced. The results show the following: (1) Chinese researchers have been closely following international research fronts and steadily improving their research results. (2) Hotspots such as carbon dioxide emissions, the carbon footprint (CF), water footprint (WF) and sustainable use have been receiving attention both in China and internationally. International researchers focus on hot topics such as public satisfaction, land and resource use, spatial equity and policy analysis. In comparison, Chinese researchers prefer to modify and improve relevant methods, such as the three-dimensional EF (3D EF) and footprint family methods. (3) The research frontier of EF is based on improving the EF accounting method, which is aimed at assessing and monitoring the relationship between ecology and the economic society on a multi-scale basis, establishing an index system that can evaluate the demand for natural resources and environmental pressure, and explore the issues of mechanisms of regional ecology resource allocation fairness, and market-led and government-led ecological governance efficiency.