Seoul Region Research Articles

서울지역 학교 영양(교)사의 PHF에 대한 인식 및 CCP 관리기준 수행실태 조사: HACCP 시스템 CCP 3∼CCP 7을 중심으로

서울지역 학교 영양(교)사의 PHF에 대한 인식 및 CCP 관리기준 수행실태 조사: HACCP 시스템 CCP 3∼CCP 7을 중심으로

Analyzing the Cooling Effect of Urban Green Areas by Using the Multiple Observation Network in the Seonjeongneung Region of Seoul, Korea

To analyze the cooling effect of urban green areas, we conducted micrometeorological measurements in these areas and their surroundings in Seoul, Korea. From the average hourly temperature measurements through each month for the last two years (March 2013 to February 2015), we found that the maximum...

Vitalization Plan of the District Center at the Station Influence Area Regions in Seoul

The district center functions have a role in charge of the center on the living area for that region. It is specifically the activity range necessary for residents to lead their daily life in a particular region and refers to the spatial range required for commuting, shopping, leisure, and socializing, as it has a role in charge of the Central Activity District (CAD) for a particular region. Therefore, the study which has been designated as focusing on station influence areas in Seoul aims at understanding the distribution of zoning for performing district center functions as living area centers and the potential of the high density development on station influence area through the distribution status of zoning in the surrounding areas of district centers. The study also aims at building up an institutional operation plan for the facility locations centered on districts with the purpose of vitalizing district centers by reviewing on the distribution status of public cultural welfare facilities by each autonomous gu (borough) and analyzing their real-conditions in order for district centers to function as a central activity district.

Influence of Dance Visualization of Dance Majoring University Students on Dance Immersion and Dance Performance Anxiety

Background/Objectives: This research has purpose of investigating the influence of dance visualization of dance majoring university students on dance immersion and dance performance anxiety. Methods/Statistical Analysis: A total of 270 juniors and seniors majoring dance attending among 9 4-year universities of Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Gangwon region were set as the research subjects. Questionnaires were used as the investigation tool as a purposive sampling method in which a total of 248 copies excluding 22 insincere responses were used for final analysis. T-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted on the collected data. Findings: Dance visualization and behavioral immersion is higher in male students than female students while lack of confidence anxiety is higher in female students than male students. Juniors had higher surrounding anxiety and physical anxiety than seniors. Goal which is a subordinate variable of dance visualization is higher as the number of dance performances or dance career is higher. Physical anxiety was higher as dance career was lower and surrounding anxiety was higher as there was more dance choreography experience. Role and movement which are subordinate variables of dance visualization have positive influence on behavioral immersion and goal has positive influence on behavioral immersion and cognitive immersion. Role and movement have negative influence on lack of confidence anxiety and proficiency has positive influence on lack of confidence anxiety. Lack of confidence anxiety and physical anxiety is lower as behavioral immersion is higher, and lack of confidence anxiety is lower as cognitive immersion is higher. Application/Improvements: Development and introduction of dance visualization programs to reduce dance performance anxiety of professional dancers is urgent.

Influence of Self-management on Dance Confidence and Dance Achievement of University Student Majoring in Dance

Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was identifying the influence of self-management on dance confidence and dance achievement of university student majoring in dance. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The survey was conducted of 320 university student majoring in dance based in Seoul and Gyeonggi region. Questionnaires were used as the investigation tool as a purposive sampling method in which a total of 303 copies excluding 17 insincere responses were used for final analysis. Materials were analyzed using frequency analysis, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Findings: It was revealed that participants of 2nd and 4th grade higher than 1st and 3rd grade in self-management and participants of 4th grade higher than other grade in confidence. And participants of modern dance were higher than that of traditional dance and ballet. Dance achievement was higher as dance career was higher. The training management and mental management had a positive influence on performance confidence and activity confidence. The training and mental management had a positive influence on practical ability achievement. And training, mental and performance management had a positive influence on understanding ability achievement. The confidence of university dancer is higher as dance achievement is higher. Application/Improvements: The self-management of dancers have an overall positive effect not only on dance confidence, but also on dance achievement, with a particularly significant influence on practical skill and comprehension ability achievement.

건강증진프로그램에 참여하는 노인의 자기효능감, 자아존중감 및 삶의 질과의 관계

To achieve the goal of this study, differences in Self-Efficac,y Self-Esteem, and Quality of Life were measured according to the general characteristics of senior citizne subjects, and the relations between the factors were analyzed. The sampling for the study was men and women 60 living in Seoul and participating in Health promotion programs conducted by physical education leaders dealing exclusively with the elderly who belong to the National Life Physical Education Association. The raeas under study consisted of four regions in Seoul (north, south, east, west) where a total of 412 were usedfo r the analysis. SPSS for Windows 12.0 was used to process the data using frequency analysis, correlation coefficients, and multiple correlation analysis.BR Viewed as a whole, the results the general characteristics of the senior citizens participating in the programs under study showed close connections between Self-Efficacy, Sefl-Esteem and Quality of Life, all of which were rated as high. Because Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem parctiularly impact Quality of Life, when the former two are high, may potentially have positive psychologicalm ipact on physical and emotional quality of life through positive attitudes leading to concern about one’s heahlt and desirable physical activities. Therefore, it is thought that the programs conducted by the leaders in the study serve to heighten Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem in senior citizens, and enrich their Quality of Life.

서울 일부 지역 노인들의 등속성 근기능, 유연성, 균형성 측정 및 평가

이 연구는 고령화 사회를 대비하여 노인 체력 향상 프로그램 설계 및 관련 정책을 수립하기 위한 기초 자료를 수집하기 위한 목적으로 실시되었다. 이를 위해 2013년, 서울 동대문구 소재 노인종합복지관에 등록 중인 노인 52명과 동대문구 소재 대학교 학부 과정에 재학 중인 학생 46명을 연구 대상으로 하여 하지의 등속성 근기능과 발목 관절가동범위, 유연성, 균형성 및 신체조성 등을 측정하였으며, Biodex system IV, Biodex stabilizer system, CNP-5403, Inbody 3.0이 사용되었다. 남자 노인 집단의 평균 연령은 77.13세였으며, 45.85kg의 근육량을 가지고 있었고, 체전굴은 2.97cm로 유연성이 아주 결여되어 있었다. 좌측발의 균형 능력이 우측보다 좋지 않았으며, 발바닥쪽굽힘의 관절 가동 범위는 35도 내외로 정상 범위에서 벗어났다. 전반적인 무릎 폄근과 굽힘근의 근력은 남자 대학생의 50% 정도 수준이었으며, 뒤넙다리근의 결손율이 18.55%로 균형이 깨어져 있었다. 발목 가쪽번짐-안쪽번짐 결손율 또한 23.08%, 19.19%로 나타났다. 여자 노인 집단의 평균 연령은 75.46세로 근육량은 35.68kg이었으며, 체전굴은 11.69cm로 여자 대학생 집단과 비슷하게 좋은 편이었다. 무릎의 동측 근력비가 좌우 모두 50% 미만이었고, 결손율 또한 폄 14.32%, 굽힘 19.73%로 좌우 근력 균형이 좋지 않았다. 발목의 발등굽힘력은 여자 대학생 집단의 62%(좌), 73%(우) 정도였다. 발등굽힘-발바닥쪽굽힘의 결손율이 각각 25.05%, 26.86%, 가쪽번짐-안쪽번짐 결손율이 19.97%, 21.09%로 나타나 발목의 좌 우 근력 불균형이 상당히 심한 것으로 나타났다. 상기 연구 결과들이 실질적인 노인 체력 향상 훈련 프로그램을 제공하고 관련 정책을 수립하는 데 도움이 되기를 바란다. 【The aim of the present study was to compare the strength, balance, and flexibility across two age groups (older adults vs. young adults). The isokinetic muscle function, ankle ROM, trunk forward flexibility, stability, and antropometric data for the elderly and 46 university students were collected. The results indicated that male older adults possessed relatively low flexibility (2.97cm) among the groups and showed better stability in the right foot than in the left foot and $35^{\circ}$ of plantar flexion ROM, which was not in the normal range. Their peak strength at the knee joint was below 50% of their counterpart. They revealed a hamstring deficit of 18.55%, ankle eversion deficit of 23.08%, and ankle inversion deficit of 19.19%. The results indicated that female older adults possessed comparable flexibility compared to female young adults. The reciprocal muscle strength ratio of both knees was under 50%, and the deficit was 14.32% (extension) and 19.73% (flexion). The ankle plantar flexion peak torque was approximately 62% (left) and 73% (right) of WS's. The ankle dorsi flexion deficit was 25.05% and the plantar flexion was 26.86%. The eversion deficit was 19.97% and the inversion was 21.09%. These results will be significant in establishing an elderly fitness enhancement program and policy.】

OH reactivity in urban and suburban regions in Seoul, South Korea - an East Asian megacity in a rapid transition.

South Korea has recently achieved developed country status with the second largest megacity in the world, the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA). This study provides insights into future changes in air quality for rapidly emerging megacities in the East Asian region. We present total OH reactivity observations in the SMA conducted at an urban Seoul site (May-June, 2015) and a suburban forest site (Sep, 2015). The total OH reactivity in an urban site during the daytime was observed at similar levels (∼15 s(-1)) to those previously reported from other East Asian megacity studies. Trace gas observations indicate that OH reactivity is largely accounted for by NOX (∼50%) followed by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (∼35%). Isoprene accounts for a substantial fraction of OH reactivity among the comprehensive VOC observational dataset (25-47%). In general, observed total OH reactivity can be accounted for by the observed trace gas dataset. However, observed total OH reactivity in the suburban forest area cannot be largely accounted for (∼70%) by the trace gas measurements. The importance of biogenic VOC (BVOCs) emissions and oxidations used to evaluate the impacts of East Asian megacity outflows for the regional air quality and climate contexts are highlighted in this study.

A Study on Activities of Seoul Region’s Gisaengs(Female Entertainers) at Yorijum(Restaurants) and Their Dance Performances During the Japanese Occupation Era

A Study on Activities of Seoul Region’s Gisaengs(Female Entertainers) at Yorijum(Restaurants) and Their Dance Performances During the Japanese Occupation Era

Effects of Blood Depletion for Psychological State of Illness, Self-Esteem, Physical Symptoms on Life Satisfaction

The purpose of this study is to understand the effects of blood depletion for the psychological state of illness, self-esteem, and physical symptoms on life satisfaction. For this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted from September 5th, 2014 to November 30th, 2014 on subjects in Gangbuk region of Seoul who were undergoing blood depletion treatment. The data analysis of the test subjects was performed by using the SPSS 21.0 and the hypotheses were verified using the structural equation. The following are the results: first, psychological state of illness was observed to have a significant effect on the self-esteem factors after the blood depletion treatment; second, the psychological state of illness was observed to influence satisfaction level after the blood depletion treatment; third, the psychological state of illness was observed to have a significant effect on the factors of physical symptoms after the depletion treatment;fourth, the post-depletion satisfaction level was observed to affect the life satisfaction level; and fifth, it was shown that the post-depletion satisfaction factors played the intermediary role. The analysis results of this study are expected to serve as the basic data for the natural therapy research, as they provide the analysis results of the effects of blood depletion for psychological state of illness, self-esteem, and physical symptoms on life satisfaction.

ERAM 모델의 거리가중치 도입 및 적용에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to verify whether to improve the explanatory power by introducing and applying distance-weighting concept to the ERAM model, one of spatial analysis techniques. Introduction of distance-weighting to the ERAM model was tried in an existing study, but it showed lower explanatory power than the original ERAM model, to which distance-weighting concept is not applied. In the existing research, movement distance is in reverse proportion to accessibility, which is problematic. Moreover, this study proposed new distance-weighting functions, not the reciprocal of distance(1/D) from the existing study. The original ERAM model, the existing distance-weighted ERAM model, and the distance-weighted ERAM model with newly proposed distance-weighting functions in this study were used for analyzing two regions in Seoul, Insadong and Myeongdong. In these regions, the correlation tests between the analysis results and the pedestrian movement rate showed that the distance-weighted ERAM model with the newly proposed distance-weighting functions has higher explanatory power than the original ERAM Model and the existing distance-weighted ERAM Model. In particular, the case of applying 'W=1-D/250' function as distance-weighting function showed the highest explanatory power among the three functions proposed in this study. This study reveals that the distance-weighting concept can contribute to improve the explanatory power of the ERAM model to human movement behavior, which opposes to conclusion of the existing study. However, further studies need to be done more deeply and extensively to find out the final form of distance-weighting function.

Enhanced Humification of Soil Organic Matter by Microwave Irradiation and Hyperthermal Catalysts

Soil organic matter (SOM) is derived from dead biomass of animals and plants, and its formation process in which the precursor materials of SOM are transformed into macro organic molecules through geo-chemical and geo-biological reactions in the subsurface environment is referred to as humification. Carbon content increases, but oxygen content decreases along with marked increased in molecular weight and degree of condensation of SOM during humification. It has been known that humus materials evolve in the order of biopolymer, fulvic acid, humic acid, and humin. Humification process takes place in a geological time scale, but it can be accelerated at extremely high temperatures, which can be achieved by microwave (MW) with hyperthermal catalysts (HTCs). Thus, MW was irradiated to the mixture of soil and HTCs to stimulate humification of SOM and to enhance its binding capacity for recalcitrant organic contaminants in this study. MW irradiation with HTCs was optimized, and the characteristic changes of SOMs before and after the irradiation were assessed to confirm humification. Soils were collected from 4 different forest regions in Seoul, Korea (Konkuk University, Yongma Mountain, Surak Mountain, and Bukhan Mountain), and they were screened by wet-sieving. Each component of SOM was isolated by acid-base extraction/selective exchange resin, which was proposed by the International Humic Substance Society. Total organic carbon (TOC) content, specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA), E4/E6 ratio, and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectrum of SOM before and after MW irradiation were examined. Soil of Surak Mountain exhibited the highest organic carbon content, but Yongma Mountain contained the highest amount of fulvic acid. Soils of Yongma Mountain and Konkuk University were chosen due to their high fulvic acid content, which supported that these soils are relatively geologically-young soils. Powdered and granulated activated carbon (PAC and GAC), graphite, charcoal, and carbon nanotube (CNT) were selected and screened with regard to their hyperthermal activity under MW irradiation. The temperature changes by MW with HTCs were monitored at various MW irradiation intensity and time. Graphite-and CNT-soil mixtures exhibited the optimum heating capacity at 600 W, resulting in heating HTC-soil mixtures to approximately 1,000oC within 10 min. TOCs, SUVAs, E4/E6 ratios, and FT-IR spectra of SOM supported effective humification of SOM after MW irradiation with HTCs, and notable increase in binding capacity with hydrophobic organic contaminants. The results of this study are expected to provide the fundamental information for developing the performance-efficient and cost-effective treatment process for the removal of persistent organic contaminants based on MW and HTC.

Study on Store Visit Patterns and Territorial Consciousness in a Single-Family Residential Neighborhood in the Gangnam Region of Seoul

Study on Store Visit Patterns and Territorial Consciousness in a Single-Family Residential Neighborhood in the Gangnam Region of Seoul

서울지역 동물보호소 내 유기견의 개 심장사상충 감염 실태조사

Dirofilaria immitis infection is one of the most important parasitic diseases in dogs and public health. It often elicits nodules in the pulmonary parenchyma and in the subcutaneous tissues of human. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of D. immitis infection among 754 dogs in Seoul area from April to December 2012. The infection rate of 754 dogs was 9.8% (74/754) by the antigen test (canine SNAP 4Dx). The infection rates of D. immitis in dogs at the age of 10 years were 3.7% (7/189), 12.9% (30/233), 15.0% (19/127), 9.8% (18/184), and 0% (0/21), respectively. The infection rates in the female and male dogs were 9.7% (33/340) and 9.9% (41/414), respectively. The regional infection rates in northern and southern Han river region of Seoul were 10.7% (44/410) and 8.7% (30/344), respectively. In order to confirm D. immitis infection, we performed PCR on serum samples of 74 dogs which tested positive for D. immitis antigen by the antigen test and we detected a specific gene ITS-2 in 59 serum samples. In conclusion, this study suggests that treatment and preventive care on the D. immitis infection should be considered in dogs of Seoul area.

읽기매체의 종류에 따른 유아의 이야기 이해도 차이 : 종이책과 전자책

ABSTRACT This study investigated differences in children’s story comprehension as they related to the types of reading media. The participants comprised 62 four-years-olds from two child-care centers located in a middle-income region of Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. In order to control the experience effect, newly developed stories published into two formats of reading media (paperback books and electronic books) were provided to the participants. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in children’s story comprehension depending on the types of reading media. Paperback book readers and electronic book readers did not show any significant difference in story comprehension, which consists of recall, recognition and reasoning tasks. As literature pertaining to children’s usage of electronic books is limited, the present study offers guidelines for the development of children’s reading media and may serve as a useful resource for future studies. Keywords：읽기매체(reading media), 종이책(paperback book), 전자책(electronic book, e-book), 이야기 이해(story comprehension).

Impacts of biogenic isoprene emission on ozone air quality in the Seoul metropolitan area

The impacts of biogenic isoprene emission on ozone (O3) air quality during an episode under weak synoptic forcing in the Seoul metropolitan area (SMA), Republic of Korea, are investigated using the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system coupled with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Simulations with different biogenic isoprene emission scenarios show that the impact of biogenic isoprene emission on the daily maximum O3 concentration is as high as 37 ppb in the Seoul region. The O3 concentration in the Seoul region is significantly increased by the biogenic isoprene emission from the surrounding region compared to that from within the Seoul region. In addition, the gas-phase chemistry is found to be the most important process for O3 concentration in the Seoul region in the presence of the biogenic isoprene emission from the surrounding region. While isoprene is not enough to influence O3 concentration directly due to its short lifetime, the transport of isoprene oxidation products plays a crucial role in increasing O3 concentration in the Seoul region. Through the process analysis, peroxy methacryloyl nitrate (MPAN) as well as formaldehyde (HCHO) and acetaldehyde (CCHO) is also identified as the important precursor that links biogenic isoprene emission from the surrounding region to O3 concentration in the Seoul region. After transported by daytime local circulations, the chemistry of isoprene oxidation products contributes to O3 formation in the Seoul region.

유아의 기질이 상황에 따른 정서조절에 미치는 영향 -실험, 어린이집, 가정 상황에서 나타나는 정서조절을 중심으로-

The aims of this study were to examine whether the preschool children's temperament predicted their emotion regulation in different situations. The participants in this study were 148 3-and 5-year-old children recruited from five child-care centers located in a middle-income region of Seoul. Statistical methods used for the data analysis were the frequencies, means, standard deviations, Pearson correlation, multiple regression. The major findings were as follows. The children's temperament contributed to individual differences in emotion regulation. The 3-year-olds' negative affectivity and surgency significantly predicted their mothers' ratings of the children's emotion regulation in everyday situations. The 5-year-olds' effortful control significantly predicted their teachers' ratings of the children's emotion regulation in everyday situations. In addition, the 5-year-olds' negative affectivity, effortful control, and surgency predicted the mothers' ratings of their children's emotion regulation. These results suggest that children's temperament are contributors to the development of their emotion regulation.

Determination of micropollutants in combined sewer overflows and their removal in a wastewater treatment plant (Seoul, South Korea)

The present study investigated the occurrence of 29 selected micropollutants such as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in surface waters and wastewaters in Seoul (South Korea) during both dry and wet weather conditions. The study area was selected based on the lack of available information regarding the suspected contamination of rivers/creeks by EDCs and PPCPs in the Seoul region and the presence of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), which serves approximately 4.1 million inhabitants and has a design capacity of 1,297 × 10(3) m(3)/day. Many target compounds (83 %) were detected in samples collected from wastewater treatment influent/effluent, creek water, and combined sewer overflow (CSO). The total EDC/PPCP concentrations were as follows: WWTP influent (69,903 ng/L) > WWTP effluent (50,175 ng/L) >3 creek samples (16,035-44,446 ng/L) during dry weather, and WWTP influent (53,795 ng/L) > WWTP bypass (38,653 ng/L) >5 creek samples (15,260-29,113 ng/L) >2 CSO samples (11,109-11,498 ng/L) during wet weather. EDCs and PPCPs were found to be present at high daily loads (65.1 and 69.8 kg/day during dry and wet weather, respectively) in the WWTP effluent. Compound removal by the WWTP varied significantly by compound: caffeine, diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen, and propylparaben (>90 %), and acesulfame, DEET, iohexol, iopromide, and iopamidol (<5 %). These findings and literature information support the hypothesis that the efficiency of removal of EDCs and PPCPs is strongly dependent on both removal mechanism (e.g., biodegradation, adsorption to sludge, and oxidation by chlorine) and compound physicochemical properties (e.g., pK a and hydrophobicity).

공간효과분석을 이용한 건강보험 환자 관외 의료이용도와 관련된 요소분석

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between areas of Korea Train Express (KTX) region and external medical service use in Korean society using spatial statistical model. Methods: The data which was used in this study was extracted from 2011 regional health care utilization statistics and health insurance key statistics from National Health Insurance Corporation. A total spatial units of 229 districts (si-gun-gu) were included in this study and spatial area was all parts of the country excepted Jeju, Ulleungdo island. We conducted Kruskal-Wallis test, correlation, Moran's I and hot-spot analysis. And after, ordinary linear regression, spatial lag, spatial error analysis was performed in order to find factors which were associated with external medical service use. The data was processed by SAS ver. 9.1 and Geoda095i (windows). Results: Moran's I of health insurance patients' external medical service use was 0.644. Also, population density, Seoul region, doctor factors positively associated with health insurance patients' external medical service. In contrast, average age, health care organization per 100 thousand were negatively associated with health insurance patients' external medical service use. Conclusion: The finding of this study suggested that health insurance patient's external medical service use correlated for seoul region in korea. The study results imply the need for more attention medical needs in the region (si-gun-gu unit) for health insurance patients of seoul region. It is important to adapt strategy to activation of primary health care as well as enhancing public health institution for prevent leakage of patients to other areas.

3, 5세 유아의 실행기능과 언어능력의 관계

The aims of this study are to investigate the differences of the preschoolers' executive function and verbal ability according to their age, and to identify whether the preschoolers' executive function is related to their verbal ability. The participants in this study are 151 children, ages 3-and 5-years old from five child-care centers located in a middle-income region of Seoul. Statistical methods used for the data analysis are the frequencies, means, standard deviations, an independent t-test, and Pearson correlation. The major findings are as follows. First, an age difference is found for children's executive function. The 5-year-olds are more likely to succeed on tasks of executive function than the 3-year-olds. Also, age difference is found for children's verbal ability. The 5-year-olds perform better on tests of verbal ability than the 3-year-olds. Last, the 3-year-olds' and 5-year-olds' executive function is related to their verbal ability. Inhibition and cognitive flexibility are significantly correlated with verbal ability. These results suggest that preschoolers' executive function and verbal ability develop during preschool age. These results also suggest that preschoolers' executive function is related to their verbal ability.