Region In Southern Sweden Research Articles

The topographic effect on LANDSAT data in gently undulating terrain in southern Sweden

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of topography on LANDSAT satellite data in gently undulating terrain. Gently undulating terrain is in this work defined as terrain dominated by slopes of between 1° and 15°. For three various solar elevations (38°, 44° and 52°) digital LANDSAT MSS and TM data were merged with digital elevation data. In an agricultural region in southern Sweden 135 cultivated fields, 50 pasture sites and 117 forest sites with a total number of 88 800 pixels were studied.The relationship between LANDSAT response variation and topographic parameters within cultivated fields and forest areas was weak. For some pasture covers a topographic effect was identified.

Probable Effects of Soil Acidification and Nitrogen Deposition on the Floristic Composition of Oak (Quercus robur L.) Forest

Summary The floristic composition of oak forest vegetation in Skane and N. E. Smaland is compared, two regions in southern Sweden unequally exposed to atmospheric deposition of acidifying and nitrogen-containing constituents. Using the “Zeigerwerte” of E llenberg (1979) it is demonstrated that oak forest of Skane (with a deposition rate of about twice that of N.E. Smaland) has a larger proportion of nitrogen indicating species and smaller proportion of species characteristic of less acid or subneutral soils. The soils of Skane are more acidic than those of N.E. Smaland and have become acidified during the last 30—50 years. It is proposed that deposition differences are partly accountable for the recorded floristic differences.

An Interactive Procedure for Multiobjective Analysis of Water Resources Allocation

This paper reports on part of IIASA's research concerning regional water management planning, focusing on the Western Skane region in Southern Sweden. The IIASA's studies are concerned with four issues of particular importance to water resources management, namely, conflict resolution, criteria of choice, uncertainty, and institutional arrangements. This paper is related primarily to the first two of these issues. An interactive procedure seeking the satisfactory nondominated solution of the multiobjective water resources allocation problem is discussed. It is based on the Powell method with penally function for the solution of scalar optimization problem and on a constraint and weighting method, or actually a reference objective method, for the solution of the multiobjective optimization problem. Application of the procedure is illustrated by an example referring to the situation in the Kavlinge River system in the Western Skane, Sweden.

A computation of the evaporation in Southern Sweden during 1957

The monthly evaporation during 1957 from a region in Southern Sweden has been computed by means of studies of the precipitation and the net influx of water vapour into the area. Upper air charts have been used and from the geostrophic winds and humidity values the net flux has been computed twice a day. Various sources of error have been discussed, among them the effect of the ageostrophic component of the wind which for various reasons had to be neglected. No definite conclusion as to the importance of the ageostrophic component has been reached, but it seems likely that the errors caused are not very large in this area.The method seems useful even over the rather small area studied, but an improved network with denser observations is desirable. The evaporation was largest during July and August and smallest during the winter months. The contribution to the run-off was largest during July-October. During April and May the evaporation was even larger than the precipitation.The yearly value of evaporation agreed well with estimates from hydrologic studies.