Government In Order Research Articles

Improving the Efficiency of Applying Thermal Energy into the Formed Protective Coatings Based on Rubber Mastic

Statement of the problem. For the device of a protective coating of tubular metal made of low molecular weight oligodiene (rubber mastic), it is necessary to ensure that the required amount of thermal energy is introduced into the coating material, which, through vulcanization of rubber mastic, forms high physical, mechanical and operational characteristics of the protective layer. This result can be achieved through the development and application of highly efficient heat generating devices. Results. A method for the effective introduction of thermal energy into rubber mastic by induction heating of tubular metal is proposed, and an experimental heat generating device has been developed and constructed that implements this method and provides the necessary heat treatment modes for the composite coating material. Conclusions. The designed heat generating device, which implements an effective method of introducing thermal energy into rubber mastic, allows to ensure the necessary temperature regime in order to form a protective coating with the necessary set of physical, mechanical and operational characteristics.

The Role of Praja Mangkunegara’s Political Values in Shaping the New Order Regime

The Javanese culture, particularly the values of Mangkunegaran, played a significant role in shaping policy and political stability during the New Order era. This influence is evident through the involvement of the Suharto family, who had ties to Mangkunegaran, and the application of military values and Mangkunegaran political symbols in his government. However, despite frequent discussions on the influence of Javanese culture, few studies have specifically explored the contribution of Mangkunegaran values to political and military policies during the New Order period. This research employs a qualitative-explanatory method to delve deeper into the relationship between political elites and the development of political values within the framework of governance. The findings reveal similarities between Mangkunegaran’s economic strategies and Suharto’s development policies, as well as the use of political symbols and military principles that reinforced his regime's legitimacy. These findings enrich the understanding of how traditional values can influence modern political policies and provide insights into the importance of cultural values in creating political stability.

RESISTANCE AND RESILIENCE IN CHANGING INDONESIA: The Political Struggle and Movement of Hidayatullah

This article seeks to endeavors and strategies of an Islamic organization, Hidayatullah, to survive in changing political regimes in the New Order to Reformation period of Indonesia. It was established as an Islamic educational and dakwah (Islamic proselytizing) institution in Balikpapan, East Kalimantan, in 1973. Despite socio-political changes in the country, it has expanded to several provinces in Indonesia which transformed it to become the largest Islamic educational institution with 402 branches of Islamic schools. The organization focuses its activities on Islamic education and dakwah through various ways including printed media such as Suara Hidayatullah magazine, distributed weekly to its branches, mosques, and schools. Based on a literature review of Suara Hidayatullah magazine and interviews with Hidayatullah prominent figures, this article delves into the struggles and movement of Hidayatullah through its dynamics and transformation in socio-political changes in Indonesia. This article argued that in political dynamics and transformation within Hidayatullah organization show the resistance and resilience to survive in the socio-political crisis of Suharto’s New Order era (1966-1998), which discriminated against Islam as a political ideology and in the aftermath of reformation. One of the strategies to comply with the political repressions is to declare Hidayatullah as an Islamic organization like Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah in 2000. This transformation process proves Hidayatullah’s strategic foresight and adaptability in socio-cultural and political changes.

Ferociously Cute

Indonesia’s 2024 presidential election campaign was shaped by an alliance struck between outgoing incumbent Joko (Jokowi) Widodo and a former rival, Prabowo Subianto, who chose Jokowi’s son as his running mate. The seeming affirmation of dynastic power drew criticism, as did Prabowo’s former associations with the authoritarian New Order regime and its human rights abuses. But Prabowo remade his image with his promises of free school lunches and a new “cute” persona while pledging continuity with his popular predecessor’s administration, demonstrating the ambiguities of Indonesian democracy a quarter-century after the end of the New Order era.

Manusia dan Kehancurannya: Sebuah Tinjauan Reflektif atas Filsafat Jean Paul Sartre

This paper explores the relationship between humanity and violence. Violence is often the result of a failure to promote empathy and solidarity. This is exemplified by the Holocaust and the New Order regime in Indonesia. The paper highlights the complex nature of human emancipation and emphasizes the importance of considering the well-being of others as well as one's own self. The concept of emancipation is evident in the philosophies of notable figures including Descartes, Kant, Marx, and Comte. Sartre, too, advocated for humanist freedom, but conceded that unlimited freedom can lead to egoism. This paper will center on the ideas of Jean-Paul Sartre, ultimately concluding that the destruction of humanity can be traced back to anthropological and social aspects of society.

INSIDEN PENURUNAN BANNER PEOPLE’S JUSTICE DI DOCUMENTA FIFTEEN DAN PERINTANG KOMUNIKASI ANTARBUDAYA

On 20 June 2022, Indonesian artists and art observers were shocked by the news that Taring Padi’s banner artwork entitled People’s Justice exhibited at Documenta Fifteen was interpreted by protesters as containing anti-Semitic elements. Taring Padi explained that his work was based on Indonesia’s political landscape during the New Order regime and had nothing to do with anti-Semitism. However, the banner was eventually dismantled on 21 June 2022. This brought up several interesting research questions pertaining to the chronological account of the incident, the causes of the incident, and actions that should have been taken by Taring Padi as a cultural agent. This research applied the qualitative method with critical discourse analysis approach. Results found that the incident occurred because of two main reasons. Firstly, the protesters were unwilling to ask the artist for any clarification and explanation. Secondly, Taring Padi was ignorant about elements which could be considered anti-Semitic because the concept is not particularly well-known in Indonesia. People’s Justice could actually serve as a medium for initiating dialogues between fellow artists and their audience. However, this work has potential drawbacks because it contains potentially misunderstood antagonism that narrows the interpretive space. This incident could have been prevented if the artist had provided sufficient room for dialogic interpretation and if the audience had been more open-minded, through which discursive encounters can be held to understand each other’s cultural and societal problems.

Revitalization of Group Envoys in the Indonesian Representative System

The removal of faction envoys from the Indonesian representative system, a legacy of the founding fathers reflecting the character of the Indonesian nation, occurred during the reform era driven by a desire for direct elections and negative perceptions of the New Order regime. This study analyzes the implications of this removal and explores potential solutions to the arising issues. Using a historical and analytical approach, the study examines the evolution of the Indonesian representative system and the founding fathers' rationale for including faction envoys, assessing the impacts of their removal. Findings indicate that this removal has created a gap in representing diverse societal groups within the MPR, potentially obstructing the aspirations of people outside political and regional interests. The study concludes that excluding faction envoys introduces challenges in accommodating the diverse aspirations of the Indonesian people, necessitating thoughtful solutions and mitigation efforts to ensure comprehensive representation until a permanent solution is found.

The Role of Prešov Bishop Pavol Gojdič in the Defence of the Religious Freedom of the Greek Catholics in Czechoslovakia

Pavel Gojdii, the bishop of Prešov, is now perceived by Slovak society as a symbol of the struggle against fascism and communism in the 20th century. The bishop’s actions and opinions strengthened his contemporaries in the struggle for religious freedom, and even today he is an inspiration in the defense of democracy. In the 20th century, he played a key role in the Greek Catholic Church with an outreach to the whole of society. He was able to actively speak out in favor of the persecuted Jews and during the communist period he resisted the oppression of the regime in order to save the maximum of the Greek Catholic Church in Czechoslovakia. The text of the article highlights his significant role in the defense of religious freedom under both political regimes. It cites specific events that highlighted his views. Particular attention is paid to the process of interrogation and his imprisonment, where he was subjected to torture and oppression by the communist regime. Ten years in prison enhanced the positive features of his personality and left a strong legacy in the memory of his fellow prisoners and society, who learned of his fate vicariously after his martyrdom and during the beatification process in the 1990s.

Historical comments on ethics in psychiatry : Challenges in the 19th century

With the emergence of an early psychiatry around 1800, anumber of questions arose on dealing with agroup of persons whose "alien", irritating and disruptive behavior was considered to be aphenomenon of being sick. In the context of the growing importance of human rights, the term humanitarianism attained ahigh relevance as the reference for early psychiatrists. Based on historical sources it is shown that despite amultitude of psychiatric beliefs on humanitarianism the established psychiatric practice was dominated by patriarchal order regimes up to the first decade of the twentieth century, later superimposed by the challenges of somatophysiological and experimental research as well as perceptions of biological racism. The associated new ethical questions were partially addressed within psychiatry but did not prevent an increase in the assessment of the mentally ill as "inferior".

Food environment within the context of the neoliberal food regime: a case study in Curitiba, Brazil

This paper uses the ecological research method to analyze the macroenvironment for food in the city of Curitiba through the lens of a neoliberal food regime in order to understand the organization of fruit and vegetable supply, factors related to social vulnerability, and the nutritional status of the population. We found that the most vulnerable areas of the city had a higher prevalence of overweight adults and little to no access to fruits or vegetables. In the private food macroenvironment, we did not detect any statistically significant correlation between density of establishments selling this produce, income, level of precariousness, or nutritional state. In the more settled regions, we observed denser retail networks as well as a negative correlation with nutritional status. The food supply policies in Curitiba were determined to be in line with the neoliberal food regime, in which areas with better living conditions are better served by public food supply policies.

Significance of Pathya - Apathya in Present Era

Ayurveda is not only a medical science it is a holistic science of life. The aim of Ayurveda is promoting and preserving the health of individual and to cure from diseases. Pathyas are food substance and lifestyle of Ayurveda management line. Those drugs and regimes which are not harmful to channels and please the mind are considered as Pathya, and Sadapathya dravyas are such food which are good for most of the healthy individuals. Wholesome diet or Pathya plays equal role in management of any disease, it is essential to follow dietetic rules and regimes in order to curing diseases so that keep their Dhatu in a healthy state and will not let them get vitiated more from Doshas. The food which is prescribed according to disease by physician plays important role in successful treatment and it’s also prescribed as prophylactic and interventional diet. The concepts of Pathya and Apathya ahara vihara (diet and lifestyle) are still relevant and significant in the modern period as they offer a holistic approach to health, disease prevention, immunity boosting, and personalized care based on Ayurvedic principles.

Social Change and Demythologization: (A Reading of Kuntowijoyo's Novels)

This study attempts to read Kuntowijoyo's thoughts in five of his novels, namely Kereta Api yang Berangkat Pagi Hari (KAyBPH, 1966), Pasar (1972), Khotbah di Atas Bukit (KdAB, 1976), Mantra Pejinak Ular (MPU, 2000), and Wasripin dan Satinah (WS, 2003). Through heuristic and hermeneutic readings and analysis using a socio-historical approach, the following results were obtained. First, the five novels contain a common thread of relatively similar issues, namely social change. The first novel emphasizes social change in the village community in the post-war Sala region. It illustrates that the village community is still in the value system of "guyub rukun", although it has been infiltrated by the values of individualism. The second novel emphasizes social change with the setting of a market in Java. It depicts a society that is entering an era of madness (manners are violated, capital owners act exploitatively, government officials work at will); only those who are eling (remembering) and vigilant and understand the role of taste will survive life. The third novel emphasizes the social changes caused by development that is too physical, neglecting spiritual development, so that people lose their grip on life. The fourth novel emphasizes the social changes in the sub-district around Sala under the New Order regime. There is resistance from community members to the party's power, but it is subtle. Furthermore, in the last novel, social changes in the fishing community on the North Coast of Java under the New Order regime are also emphasized. The heavy pressure of socio-economic life gave birth to the myth of Ratu Adil. The treatment of the authoritarian regime was met with strong resistance: the community attacked and killed the security forces who engineered injustice. Secondly, socio-historically, the five novels show the development of problems in Indonesian society. Thirdly, all five novels show the details of the physical location of villages in Java, as well as the socio-cultural values of the people. Fourth, the novels show the author's response to the social life of Indonesian society from the beginning of independence to under the New Order regime.

Islamic Underground Movement: Islamist Music in the Indonesian Popular Music Scene

Since the fall of the New Order regime in 1998, music has become a site of religio-political resistance among the new Islamist generation in Indonesia. This research examines the emergence of Islamist music on the Indonesian underground music scene to show the deepening influence of the Islamist movement among urban Muslim youth and the shifting strategy of the new Islamist generation from structural politics to cultural politics. The emergence of Islamist music indicates how a new generation of Islamists negotiates an Islamist worldview with contemporary popular culture. By maintaining the aggressive character of underground music, they adopt the Western popular culture as a code of resistance against the secular cultural hegemony. They also use popular music as a cultural approach or a strategy to promote the Islamist ideology to all urban Muslim youth.

АНАЛИЗ ТЕНДЕНЦИЙ РАЗВИТИЯ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЙ ЛОГИСТИКИ

The article presents an analysis of trends in the development of international logistics, which undergoes significant changes during the period of the sanctions regime under the influence of political and economic factors of the external environment. Modern logistics companies have to search for new management methods and tools to ensure a high level of competitiveness during the period of sanctions and the transition to digital technologies. In this regard, the relevance of this study is determined by the need to find new solutions in the field of international logistics to minimize the negative impact of external factors and accelerate the process of adaptation of logistics companies to the sanctions regime in order to maintain their positions and increase competitiveness. As a result of the study, logistics companies were invited to implement digital technologies to improve international logistics and increase competitiveness, Encouraging sustainable logistics through less carbon-intensive transportation and energy-efficient warehousing, Increasing investment in logistics infrastructure.

The Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime as a “Failed Promise”: Contestation and Self-Undermining Dynamics in a Liberal Order

Abstract The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) forms the core of the most prominent multilateral security governance regime of the liberal international order (LIO). Despite being a widely supported and remarkably successful security regime to prohibit the spread of nuclear weapons, NPT politics have become increasingly polarized. In this article, I analyze contestation and self-undermining dynamics in the nuclear regime. The NPT is a strongly institutionalized but weakly liberal regime. However, it is unevenly institutionalized. Patterns of contestation in the regime derive from these characteristics. The basic source of contestation is the fundamental inequality between the nuclear “haves” and “have-nots.” Specifically, dissatisfied states seek to strengthen the rules and obligations in the less institutionalized domain. I argue that when efforts at order-consistent reform fail, states shift to a more radical strategy of liberal counter-institutionalization to pursue their goal of equality. Nonnuclear states have long been dissatisfied with the uneven distribution of the burdens and benefits of the regime, and especially the nuclear-armed states’ failure to pursue their obligation of disarmament. Most of the contestation in the NPT over the decades has been order-consistent and pursued “liberal reform.” However, when proponents of nuclear disarmament failed to achieve meaningful progress through the NPT, they shifted to a liberal counter-institutionalization strategy and adopted an entirely new legal instrument, the 2017 Nuclear Prohibition Treaty, to pursue disarmament. This was a direct—but liberal—challenge to the existing suborder. This treaty, which prohibits nuclear weapons for all, legalizes the NPT obligation to pursue disarmament.

Political Revenge? Downgrading Indonesia’s KPK From Hero to Villain

The importance of Indonesia’s Corruption Eradication Commission (Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi [KPK]), has once again been brought into focus during the 2024 presidential election campaign period when politics and corruption collide. This article suggests that legislative and political actions since 2019 to the KPK’s purpose and structure severely limit its capacity and independence making it susceptible to greater political interference and coercion. The KPK was established by Law 30/2002, as a response to and recognition of rampant corruption throughout the governmental, political and public sectors, business communities, and society in general, which became common practice during President Suharto’s New Order Regime. The KPK’s commission encompasses conducting investigations, indictments, and prosecutions. However, in late 2019, the People’s Representative Council enacted amending legislation to weaken its authority and ability to operate independently. Crucial legislative changes included creating a government-appointed supervisory body overseeing the KPK’s internal operations and changing KPK employee status from independent agents to public servants. These two provisions alone seriously weaken the KPK’s autonomy and create the risk of turning it into a politically controlled auxiliary state agency. In some respects, KPK has become a victim of its own successes, having achieved convictions of senior ministers, politicians, government officials, and business leaders, which in turn has produced enemies. Without political protection, the KPK faces the prospect of not only becoming, in essence, a nonentity but also facing further deterioration of its credibility and authority.

An Indonesian way of P/CVE and interpreting the whole-of-society approach: lessons from civil society organisations

ABSTRACT In 2016, The United Nations (UN) issued the Plan of Action to Prevent Violent Extremism that prescribes member states to adopt a National Action Plan (NAP) to combat violent extremism through whole-of-government and whole-of-society approaches. A key aspect of the whole-of-society approach is to involve civil society organisations (CSOs). The collapse of the New Order regime in Indonesia, coupled with shifting global focus to P/CVE agendas, granted them wide latitude to pursue their objectives and the right environment to flourish. However, the mushrooming of P/CVE CSOs in Indonesia exposes the country to challenges such as uncoordinated programmes and competition. This article argues that these experiences prompted Indonesia to interpret the concept of the whole-of-society approach and to formulate a common NAP for relevant stakeholders to refer to. The NAP provides an official categorisation to assess the implementation of P/CVE programmes and identify required interventions. It also encourages all relevant stakeholders in the field to develop a unified database and a formal working mechanism among them. The availability of such regulations and mechanisms is critical to enhancing the impact of P/CVE initiatives, including the contributions of CSOs.

Microtopography causes small‐scale variation in harvest and forage quality of high‐yielding silage grassland in northern Germany

AbstractBackgroundLocal sward dieback, especially in grasslands on peat soil, in response to the extreme 2018/2019 drought demonstrates climate vulnerability of intensive grasslands in northern Central Europe.MethodsWe explore the influence of microtopography, that is, the within‐field mosaic of depressions and elevated patches, on soil volumetric moisture content, standing biomass and biomass crude protein (CP) and fibre content in intensively managed grassland on peat soil in a moist year (2021) and a dry year (2022) for quantifying small‐scale spatial heterogeneity within a field.ResultsWe found high within‐field variation in soil moisture, biomass and forage quality and a moisture dependence of productivity that was stronger in the dry year. CP ranged from 10% to 25% within a field, being lower in moist depressions than elevated patches in the wet (but not in the dry) summer.ConclusionsThe moister depressions help to limit the overall productivity decline in dry summers, whereas, in moist summers, the higher dry patches produce more protein‐rich forage than the depressions, where productivity is higher but quality is lower. We recommend adapting grassland management to this heterogeneity through spatially differentiated management regimes in order to better cope with an increasingly drier and more variable climate.

Indigenous People’s Land Rights in Post-Soeharto Indonesia

Abstract One of the challenges during the democratic transition from the New Order regime to the Reformasi era was advancing the idea of an agrarian transition to reconcile structural inequalities regarding land ownership. However, this transition was unfortunately not accompanied by a rearrangement of land ownership to allow the practice of land-grabbing inherited from the New Order regime to persist in contemporary Indonesia. This article examines the reasons behind the failure of the agrarian transition in Indonesia, by focusing on case studies in Tegalrejo Village, Malang Regency and the Pamona indigenous peoples, Poso Regency. We argue that the modus operandi of land-grabbing practices is highly dependent on state power and weak protection of communal land rights. By explaining these two factors, this article provides recommendations to strengthen the community’s position in dealing with land-grabbing practices by limiting the power of the state and encouraging land reform aimed at securing community land rights.

An Appeal for International Solidarity in a Time of the Cold War: Retracing Indonesia’s Participation in the 1966 Tricontinental Conference

Abstract In January 1966, Cuban President Fidel Castro announced at the Tricontinental Conference the killing of more than 100,000 people in Indonesia and the destruction of the left movement in that country. The 1965–66 massacre of members and sympathisers of the Indonesian Communist Party (Partai Komunis Indonesia, pki) in Indonesia ushered in the authoritarian New Order regime under General Suharto, marking a realignment in Cold War politics. This article examines the battle to represent Indonesia by two competing delegations at the Tricontinental Conference and the materials left behind as traces of Cold War era social movements and tricontinentalism. The aim of the article is twofold. Drawing on archival research, oral history interviews, ego-documents, and ethnographic observations, the article consists of a partial reconstruction of the Indonesian intervention at the Tricontinental Conference, arguably the last public, international intervention by Indonesian leftists. The second part of the article examines the archives, broadly defined, used in the reconstruction and the research process itself, given the contested nature of these memories. In so doing, the article illustrates how the end of the Cold War, the rise of new media and technologies, and democratisation in Indonesia have contributed to the transmission of memories of this past to audiences in and outside of Indonesia.