Regenerative Technique Research Articles

Reliability modelling of a parallel-cold standby system with proviso of repair priority

Here, reliability modelling of a parallel cold standby system of four units has been done with the provision of priority to repair. Initially, the system has two operative units in parallel mode (called phase-I units) and the other two units are taken as spare in the cold standby (called phase-II units). The phase-I units (main units) are assumed as more efficient than that of the phase-II units (duplicate units). The units in phase-I and phase-II are non-identical but they are identical within the phases. The units in phase-II work simultaneously at the failure of units of phase-I. The priority to repair the units of phase-II has been given over the repair of the units of the phase-I. However, no priority is given for operation of the units of both phases. The repair activities are handled by a single server who attends the system immediately when required. The failure rate of the units follows negative exponential distribution while the distribution for repair time of the phase-I and phase-II units is assumed as arbitrary. Some significant reliability characteristics such as mean sojourn times (MST), transition probabilities, mean time to system failures (MTSF), availability, expected number of repairs (for both phase-I and phase-II units), busy period of the server, expected number of visits of the server and finally the profit function are obtained in steady state by making use of well-known semi-Markov process (SMP) and regenerative point technique (RPT). The graphical representation of these reliability characteristics has been made for arbitrary values of the rates associated with failure and repair times. The application of the present study can be seen in the power distribution system.

Modelling of detailed vehicle dynamics and quantitative impact of electric motor placement on regenerative braking

Using forward type vehicle simulation, this paper aims at comparing the potential and limitations of front wheel drive and rear wheel drive electric motor placements for regenerative braking under extreme driving situations. First, the considered dynamic/data-driven modelling approach for the complete traction chain with attention to the effects of detailed vehicle dynamics has been implemented in MATLAB Simulink. Simple parallel regenerative braking technique and recuperation favouring brake distribution strategies have been employed on a performance electric car example considering front and rear wheel propulsion cases. Powertrain behaviour in a dynamic driving scenario has been investigated to understand how the two cases with their corresponding recuperation favouring braking strategies perform under elevated transient vehicle dynamics. Finally, the impact of normal load transfer, tyre slip and wheel adhesion limits on regenerative braking has been quantitatively compared for the complete range of brake pedal demands using high-speed braking tests while avoiding wheel lock-up.

Treatment of Mandibular Class III/IV Furcation Defects with a Combination Plastic Regenerative Technique: A Case Series.

This case series investigated the effect of a combination therapy utilizing connective tissue graft (CTG) in the treatment of periodontal regeneration of mandibular Class III/IV furcation involvement (FI). Six patients diagnosed with periodontitis stage III or IV (grade A to C), presenting with Class III or IV FI, were treated with fibroblast growth factor-2 and carbonate apatite in combination with CTG. The following clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline and after 6, 12, and 18 months: periodontal probing depth, clinical attachment level, furcation invasion, radiographic vertical defect depth, and gingival phenotype. Significant improvements in clinical parameters were observed in all treated FI sites. Four Class III defects and one Class IV defect obtained complete closure, and one Class IV defect was improved to Class I. This case series showed the potential of administering combination regenerative therapy for changing the prognosis of hopeless teeth with severe furcation defects.

Stochastic modelling of a system having two non-identical class of units

This paper deals with the study of stochastic modelling of a system having two non-identical class of units. The whole system consists of two class L1 and L2 respectively. First class consists only one unit where as second class having two identical units. The whole system is used to process the jobs. Jobs are first processes on L1 unit (class one) and then goes to L2 unit (second class). All the failure time distribution are taken as arbitrarily distributed. Using regenerative point technique, various reliability characteristics of interest to the system managers have been evaluated. Finally, some graphs are also plotted in order to highlight the important results.

Reliability Modeling of a Food Industrial System with two Types of Repair Persons wherein Demand is Season Dependent

The present study pertains to developing a reliability model concerning a food industrial system that runs throughout the month except for Sundays. There are two types of repair persons engaged with the system, one known as operator while another is fitter. The operator is responsible for minor repairs, while the fitter is responsible for major repairs. It is also noticed that the operator is the first person who attends the failed unit in case of a major failure. If the operator is found incapable of repairing the unit within some patience time, then the fitter is called. While gathering the actual month-wise data of the plant, two types of seasons, namely normal and festival seasons, have been recorded. The festival season is from July to November, while the normal season is from December to June, based on consumer demand. During the months of the normal season, the system is shut down for a few days as the demand gets accomplished before the month ends. However, during the festival season, the system has to be kept operational throughout the month to fulfill the high demand for the product. The semi-Markov process and regenerative point technique are used to assess the reliability measures, namely mean time to system failure (MTSF), system availability in both seasons, expected busy period of the repair persons, and expected downtime of the system. The overall profitability of the system is also demonstrated by Graphical interpretation.

A Medical-Grade Polycaprolactone and Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold System With Corticoperiosteal Tissue Transfer for the Reconstruction of Acquired Calvarial Defects in Adults: Protocol for a Single-Arm Feasibility Trial.

BackgroundLarge skull defects present a reconstructive challenge. Conventional cranioplasty options include autologous bone grafts, vascularized bone, metals, synthetic ceramics, and polymers. Autologous options are affected by resorption and residual contour deformities. Synthetic materials may be customized via digital planning and 3D printing, but they all carry a risk of implant exposure, failure, and infection, which increases when the defect is large. These complications can be a threat to life. Without reconstruction, patients with cranial defects may experience headaches and stigmatization. The protection of the brain necessitates lifelong helmet use, which is also stigmatizing.ObjectiveOur clinical trial will formally study a hybridized technique's capacity to reconstruct large calvarial defects.MethodsA hybridized technique that draws on the benefits of autologous and synthetic materials has been developed by the research team. This involves wrapping a biodegradable, ultrastructured, 3D-printed scaffold made of medical-grade polycaprolactone and tricalcium phosphate in a vascularized, autotransplanted periosteum to exploit the capacity of vascularized periostea to regenerate bone. In vitro, the scaffold system supports cell attachment, migration, and proliferation with slow but sustained degradation to permit host tissue regeneration and the replacement of the scaffold. The in vivo compatibility of this scaffold system is robust—the base material has been used clinically as a resorbable suture material for decades. The importance of scaffold vascularization, which is inextricably linked to bone regeneration, is underappreciated. A variety of methods have been described to address this, including scaffold prelamination and axial vascularization via arteriovenous loops and autotransplanted flaps. However, none of these directly promote bone regeneration.ResultsWe expect to have results before the end of 2023. As of December 2020, we have enrolled 3 participants for the study.ConclusionsThe regenerative matching axial vascularization technique may be an alternative method of reconstruction for large calvarial defects. It involves performing a vascularized free tissue transfer and using a bioresorbable, 3D-printed scaffold to promote and support bone regeneration (termed the regenerative matching axial vascularization technique). This technique may be used to reconstruct skull bone defects that were previously thought to be unreconstructable, reduce the risk of implant-related complications, and achieve consistent outcomes in cranioplasty. This must now be tested in prospective clinical trials.Trial RegistrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12620001171909; https://tinyurl.com/4rakccb3International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/36111

Regenerative and Endoscopic Treatment of Complex Recurrent Fistula in Ano: When Technology Supports Clinical Treatment

Background: Recurrent anal fistulas present a challenge to surgeons due to the high risk of post-operative incontinence caused by repeated surgery. The correct identification of the anatomy of the main and secondary fistula tracts and the individuation of abscess cavities are fundamental for correct treatment. Intraoperative endoscopic evaluation and the complete destruction of the fistula pathway can be achieved through video-assisted anal fistula treatment (VAAFT). Furthermore, the injection of human autologous Microfractured Adipose Tissue (MFAT) processed by a Lipogems® device can be used as both a bulking agent and a regenerative technique. Methods: A combined approach of VAAFT plus Microfractured Adipose Tissue Graft (MFAT) is proposed in order to treat recurrent and complex fistula in ano. Results: Three cases treated with a combination of VAAFT and MFAT grafts are described. All cases had undergone multiple interventions at the perianal level over a period ranging from 1 to 15 years. One case certainly failed due to poor patient compliance, but in the remaining two cases, the patients made a complete recovery with the disappearance of symptoms over a follow-up period of one to two years. Conclusion: The combination of video-assisted anal fistula treatment and injection of human autologous microfractured adipose tissue may be a valid, safe and feasible therapeutic option. MFAT injections are more effective in promoting tissue regeneration than simply “filling” the fistula tract and are common practice also in the treatment of Crohn’s Disease due to the immunomodulatory power of mesenchymal cells.

ECFC-derived exosomal THBS1 mediates angiogenesis and osteogenesis in distraction osteogenesis via the PI3K/AKT/ERK pathway.

BackgroundDistraction osteogenesis (DO) is a widely used bone regenerative technique. However, the DO process is slow, and the consolidation phase is long. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to explore the mechanism of DO, and shorten its duration. Recent studies reported that stem cell exosomes may play an important role in promoting angiogenesis related to DO, but the mechanism remains unclear.MethodsCanine endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) were isolated and cultured, and the expression of THBS1 in canine ECFCs were inhibited using a lentiviral vector. The exosomes secreted by canine ECFCs were isolated and extracted, and the effect of exosomes on the angiogenic activity of Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was detected by proliferation, migration, and tube formation experiments. WB and qRT-PCR were used to explore the effects and mechanisms of THBS1-mediated ECFC-Exos on HUVECs angiogenesis. Then, a mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) model was established in adult male beagles, and exosomes were injected into the canine peripheral blood. Micro-CT, H&E, Masson, and IHC staining were used to explore the effects and mechanisms of THBS1-mediated ECFC-Exos on angiogenesis and osteogenesis in the DO area.ResultsECFC-Exo accelerated HUVECs proliferation, migration and tube formation, and this ability was enhanced by inhibiting the expression of THBS1 in ECFC-Exo. Using Western blot-mediated detection, we demonstrated that inhibiting THBS1 expression in ECFCs-Exo activated PI3K, AKT, and ERK phosphorylation levels in HUVECs, which promoted VEGF and bFGF expressions. In the DO model of the canine mandible, ECFCs-Exo injected into the peripheral blood aggregated into the DO gap, thus promoting angiogenesis and bone formation in the DO tissue by reducing THBS1 expression in ECFC-Exo.ConclusionOur findings suggested that ECFC-Exos markedly enhances angiogenesis of endothelial cells, and promotes bone healing in canine MDO. Thus, THBS1 plays a crucial role in the ECFC-Exos-mediated regulation of canine MDO angiogenesis and bone remodeling.The translational potential of this articleThis study reveals that the angiogenic promotion via THBS1 suppression in ECFC-Exos may be a promising strategy for shortening the DO duration.

Artificial Microvesicles: New Perspective on Healing Tendon Wounds

Tendons have a limited capacity to repair both naturally and following clinical interventions. Damaged tissue often presents with structural and functional differences, adversely affecting animal performance, mobility, health, and welfare. Advances in cell therapies have started to overcome some of these issues, however complications such as the formation of ectopic bone remain a complication of this technique. Regenerative medicine is therefore looking toward future therapies such as the introduction of microvesicles (MVs) derived from stem cells (SCs). The aim of the present study was to assess the characteristics of artificially derived MVs, from equine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), when delivered to rat tendon cells in vitro and damaged tendons in vivo. The initial stages of extracting MVs from equine MSCs and identifying and characterizing the cultured tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSCs) from rat Achilles tendons were undertaken successfully. The horse MSCs and the rat tendon cells were both capable of differentiating in 3 directions: adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic pathways. The artificially derived equine MVs successfully fused with the TSC membranes, and no cytotoxic or cytostimulating effects were observed. In addition, co-cultivation of TSCs with MVs led to stimulation of cell proliferation and migration, and cytokine VEGF and fractalkine expression levels were significantly increased. These experiments are the first to show that artificially derived MVs exhibited regeneration-stimulating effects in vitro, and that fusion of cytoplasmic membranes from diploid cell lines originating from different species was possible. The experiment in vivo demonstrated the influence of MVs on synthesis of collagen I and III types in damaged tendons of rats. Explorations in vivo showed accelerated regeneration of injured tendons after introduction of the MVs into damaged areas. The results from the studies performed indicated obvious positive modifying effects following the administration of MVs. This represents the initial successful step required prior to translating this regenerative medicine technique into clinical trials, such as for tendon repair in injured horses.

An Analytical Study of Powder Plant System

Objective: An investigation was carried out for the seasonal functioning of the powder system in a dairy plant. The paper evaluates the reliability measures of the system in two seasons, which is based on the real-life case study of the system. Solutions are presented numerically as well as graphically. Methods: SemiMarkov process and the regenerative point technique have been used for the system analysis wherein the transition and steady-state probabilities are obtained. Findings: Numerical results have been found using MATLAB. Code Blocks, excel have been used for the graphical representation. Expressions for a variety of system effectiveness which include MTSF, long-term availability in two seasons, busy period for repair and maintenance in both the seasons, the expected number of repairs and maintenances, and at last the profit generated by the system. A specific case is considered for graphical analysis. Novelty: In the previous research paper, reliability modeling of the system was done without describing the seasonal effect; in this paper, reliability analysis is carried out of working of the powder system seasonally. The originality of this research lies in its way of calculating the expressions individually with respect to the seasons, giving a better and more accurate view of the system analysis. Applications: The model obtained from this research will benefit the engineers in understanding the systems having similar working conditions; also, the existing model will help in improving system performance in the powder system, attained from the Verka Milk Plant. Keywords: Powder plant; seasons; semiMarkov process; regenerative point technique; reliability measures

Stochastic analysis of two unit system

The paper analyzes the sensitivity of two unit system for system parameters uses Regenerative Point Graphical Technique (RPGT). Taking failure and repair rates constant. A state diagram of the system depicting the transition rates is drawn. Expressions for path probabilities mean sojourn times, mean time to system failure, availability of the system, busy period of the server, expected number of server’s visits are derived using RPGT. Sensitive analysis of the system is done. Tables and graphs are prepared to compare and draw the conclusion.

Comparative Evaluation of Two Antibiotic Pastes for Root Canal Disinfection

Aim and objectiveTo compare the efficacy of triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and double antibiotic paste (DAP) for root canal disinfection during revascularization of immature pulpless teeth.Materials and methodsA sample of 20 immature teeth in subjects aged 8–13 years was selected for a revascularization procedure. The teeth were randomly distributed in two groups corresponding to the medicament received—TAP group (n = 10) and DAP group (n = 10). Microbial samples were collected using dry paper points at the beginning of treatment and thereafter every 3 weeks till sterile reading was obtained. Microbial samples were then sent to the microbiological lab for identification.ResultsA variety of opportunistic microbes were detected in samples obtained before placement of medicaments with no significant difference between the two medicament groups. The efficacy of TAP to eliminate microbes was lower in comparison to DAP after 3 weeks of placement of medicaments, whereas it was found to be more efficacious in comparison to DAP after 6 weeks and no significant difference (p> 0.05) was observed between the two groups.ConclusionImmature permanent teeth with pulp necrosis can achieve complete root development with regenerative endodontic technique. The use of antibiotic pastes including TAP and DAP can help achieve a successful outcome with thorough decontamination of the root canal.How to cite this articleGoswami M, Baveja CP, Bhushan U, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Two Antibiotic Pastes for Root Canal Disinfection. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-1):S12-S17.

Lyophilized Platelet-rich plasma for the management of thin endometrium and facilitation of in-vitro fertilization.

Adequate endometrial thickness has been considered an important parameter for hormonal response and blastocyst implantation in assisted reproduction therapies. While there is no consensus on the exact thickness of the endometrium considered 'adequate,' a thin endometrium (<7mm) has been associated with compromised outcomes in assisted reproduction therapies. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which is a concentrate obtained from peripheral blood, is a rich source of growth factors that play important roles in various cellular processes. The objective is to utilize lyophilized PRP (LPRP) to increase the thickness of the endometrium and enhance the outcomes of embryo transfer in women with poor response to previous in-vitro fertilization procedures. This study enrolled nine women between 23 and 42 years of age, with a thin endometrium, who had undergone multiple previous unsuccessful assisted reproduction procedures. All patients underwent intrauterine infusion of LPRP, followed by frozen-thawed embryo transfer after 2-3 days. Endometrial thickness was assessed by ultrasound 2 weeks after LPRP infusion, which showed improved thickness in all patients (range, 0.7-2.2mm). Clinical pregnancy occurred in all patients and eight out of nine patients are currently between 9 weeks and 27 weeks of gestation. Twin fetal heartbeats were not detected at the eighth week in one patient. Infusion of LPRP was found to be beneficial to increase endometrium thickness in all patients. This regenerative technique could be considered to enhance the outcomes of assisted reproduction techniques in a minimally-invasive manner, without any side effects.

Stochastics analysis of a polytube plant

The Purpose of this paper is to compute reliability parameters of polytube plant having four units using Regenerative point Graphical Technique (RPGT). A Polytube plant consists of four sub systems such as Mixture (A), Extruder (B), Die (C), and Cutter (D). These subsystems are configured in series for successful working of plant. Units A & B have subunits in series whereas units C & D have subunits arranged in parallel. If one of units fails then the system fails and if C or D units are in reduced state then the system works in reduced. Numerical examples are taken to verify the derived results. Behavior analysis of the system is done which may be useful to management in maintaining the various units of the system Tables and graphs are prepared to compare and draw the conclusion.

Comparison of autologous blood prolotherapy and 25% dextrose prolotherapy for the treatment of chronic recurrent temporomandibular joint dislocation on the basis of clinical parameters: A retrospective study.

Prolotherapy is a nonsurgical regenerative injection technique and effective treatment method for the treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation. Autologous blood and dextrose are commonly used agents for prolotherapy and the aim of this study is to compare the autologous blood injection prolotherapy and 25% dextrose prolotherapy for the treatment of chronic recurrent TMJ dislocation. This is a retrospective cohort study of 20 patients with chronic recurrent TMJ dislocation who were treated by either autologous blood (Group A) or 25% dextrose Prolotherapy (Group B). After prolotherapy, the patients were kept on follow-up and evaluated for maximum mouth opening (MMO), pain at visual analog scale (VAS), mandibular movements, frequency of dislocation, and TMJ sound. The collected data were then statistically analyzed. Group A showed better results in terms of reduction in MMO, mandibular movements as compared to Group B, and a statistically significant difference was found starting from 2 weeks post prolotherapy till 6 months follow-up. Whereas group B showed better results regarding reduction in pain intensity on VAS Scale at all follow-up visits. No statistically significant difference was found between both groups regarding reduction in the frequency of dislocation and TMJ sounds. Both autologous and dextrose prolotherapy gives promising results for the treatment of recurrent TMJ dislocation, however, regarding reduction in MMO and improvement in lateral and protrusive mandibular movements, autologous blood gave better results whereas 25% Dextrose was found to be more effective in terms of reduction of pain in recurrent TMJ dislocation cases.

Baghdad's first success in Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate procedure

Introduction-Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate procedure (BMAC) is a novel regenerative technique. Aim-to show BMAC's success in relieving osteoarthritic knee sufferings in Iraqi patients. Methods-It is a retrospective, descriptive investigation of 300 Iraqi patients who suffered from grades 1-3 Kellgren-Lawrence Grading for osteoarthritic knees, aged (35- 64) years, from both genders after oral consent at "Al Zahrawy Center for Stem Cells" in Baghdad over six months. The investigators utilize a verbal pain scale for pain evaluation. Results-Of 300 patients, 195 (65 %) were women; the commoner patients had grade two. Sixty-four (21.3 %) patients discontinue their follow-up. Grade three patients manifest inadequate response. A single injection of BMAC had a good effect on pain score and night stiffness. There were 143 (47 %) patients still suffering in the sixth month, while 95 (31.6 %) patients required extra BMAC. Conclusion-It is the first successful BMAC report in Iraqi patients for relieving osteoarthritic knee sufferings.

Energy Recovering Using Regenerative Braking in Diesel–Electric Passenger Trains: Economical and Technical Analysis of Fuel Savings and GHG Emission Reductions

Rail transport, specifically diesel–electric trains, faces fundamental challenges in reducing fuel consumption to improve financial performance and reduce GHG emissions. One solution to improve energy efficiency is the electric brake regenerative technique. This technique was first applied on electric trains several years ago, but it is still considered to improve diesel–electric trains efficiency. Numerous parameters influence the detailed estimation of brake regenerative technique performance, which makes this process particularly difficult. This paper proposes a simplified energetic approach for a diesel–electric train with different storage systems to assess these performances. The feasibility and profitability of using a brake regenerative system depend on the quantity of energy that can be recuperated and stored during the train’s full and partial stop. Based on a simplified energetic calculation and cost estimation, we present a comprehensive and realistic calculation to evaluate ROI, net annual revenues, and GHG emission reduction. The feasibility of the solution is studied for different train journeys, and the most significant parameters affecting the impact of using this technique are identified. In addition, we study the influence of electric storage devices and low temperatures. The proposed method is validated using experimental results available in the literature showing that this technique resulted in annual energy savings of 3400 MWh for 34 trains, worth USD 425,000 in fuel savings.

STOCHASTIC MODELING AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF AN INTEGRATED HARDWARE-SOFTWARE SYSTEM SUBJECT TO DIFFERENT WEATHER CONDITIONS

The current study covenants with stochastic investigation of an integrated hardware-software system considering hardware failure, software up-gradation upon failure, precautionary maintenance (PM) after a pre-determined process time, maximum repair time of hardware and different weather conditions. All time dependent indiscriminate variables are arbitrarily dispersed. Some important reliability measures like MTSF, availability and revenue of the system are obtained by using well established techniques semi-Markov process. Regenerative point technique has also been taken into consideration during model development. Sensitivity analysis of these measures is also performed. Finally, empirical analysis is done to demonstrate the results for a specific case. To climax the significance of the study, graphs of MTSF, availability, profit and sensitivity are also depicted.

10 GHz regeneratively mode-locked thulium fiber laser with a stabilized repetition rate.

GHz pulsed thulium-doped fiber laser with stabilized repetition rate can enable a wide range of applications. By employing regenerative mode-locking and cavity stabilization technique, we have for the first time demonstrated a 10 GHz polarization-maintaining thulium-doped fiber laser, which has a long-term repetition-rate stabilization and picosecond timing-jitter. In our experiment, a RF circuitry is designed to extract the 10 GHz longitudinal clock signal so that stable regenerative mode-locking is achieved. A piezo actuator-based phase-lock-loop is used to lock the regeneratively mode-locked pulses to a local reference synthesizer. The regeneratively mode-locked pulses with picosecond pulse width exhibit a high super-mode suppression ratio of 60 dB. In addition, the repetition rate of the laser shows good long-term stability with a variation of 8 Hz in 8 hours, corresponding to a cavity free spectral range fluctuation of less than 16 mHz. Meanwhile, the Allan deviation of the stabilized 10 GHz regeneratively mode-locked pulses is measured to be as low as 2 × 10-12 over 1000 s average time, which is only limited by the stability of the reference synthesizer. Such an ultra-stable 10 GHz pulsed thulium fiber laser may find potential application in 2 µm optical communication, material processing and spectroscopy.

FROM TRIVIAL TO CONSEQUENTIAL-A UNIQUE APPROACH OF BUTTRESS BONE AS AN AUTO-GRAFT FOR EFFECTIVE RESTORATION

An unusual bony growth evokes suspicion, buttressing bone formation is one such exemplar. Periodontal disease leads to the destruction of soft and hard supporting tissue. The immunoinflammatory process in bone triggers the formation and resorption of bone simultaneously. In an attempt to buttress bony trabecular weakened by resorption, peripheral buttressing bone is formed which sometimes is accompanied by the formation of intrabony defect. In the present case report, A 27-year-old female patient presented with the chief complaint of painless hard swelling on the upper right and left-back tooth region since 5-6 years. The patient was diagnosed with generalized chronic Periodontitis with Bilateral Maxillary buttressing of bone. Conventional Respective osseous surgery was done in one quadrant and respective osseous surgery with the regenerative technique by using the bone obtained during surgery as an autograft to fill the intraosseous defect in the same periodontitis patient. The patient was followed up after 3 weeks, 3 months, and then 6 months. There was no increase in bone growth at the end of the 6th month obtaining the bone as a graft from donor site during the respective osseous procedure serves dual advantage of Recontouring and obtaining desirable bony contours and eliminating any other donor site or another kind of graft material for restoring the intraosseous defect. As in the case presented, the problem was used as a solution. The buttress bone obtained from the respective procedure serves as the gold standard autogenous graft for restoring the intraosseous defect.