Regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle Research Articles

Performance assessment of different Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) configurations driven by solar energy

This paper deals with the comparison of three Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) configurations specifically Basic, Recuperative and Regenerative from the energy and economic prospective. Four different organic working fluids (Toluene, Nonane, Decane and Dodecane) are flown individually in all the three configurations. For simulation purpose of various configurations Aspen plus is used, along with energy analysis is done on all the configurations to evaluate the net work done, power and efficiency of ORC systems. As Toluene has zero ozone depletion potential and a low global warming potential, the worry about climatic changes is somehow offset by these beneficial environmental traits. Study shows that the maximum net work done of 1364 kW is given by Regenerative ORC which shows an enhancement of 36.60 % and 25.23 % from Basic and Recuperative ones. Among all the selected configurations and working fluid, Regenerative with Toluene shows the most efficient configuration and gives 37.01 % of maximized efficiency. Along with that the thermo-economic analysis is also performed on all the three configurations out of which Regenerative shows an operating cost of 211.65 $/hr. It is observed that under ideal circumstances the Regenerative ORC along with Toluene working fluid outperforms the other two configurations.’

Selection of the working fluid for a high-temperature ORC hot-source to be applied in the Brazilian semi-arid

This paper aims to select the most suitable working fluid to be applied in a high temperature regenerative hot-source ORC, such as those driven by biomass, for climatic conditions measured from real data in Bom Jesus da Lapa in northeastern Brazil. To this end, the most commonly used working fluids in these systems were selected among numerous authors, discarding those with high GWP and ozone depletion potential and those classified as wet according to the slope of their temperature-entropy diagram. Then, from the model developed in the software EES, the simulation and performance analysis of the proposed system was performed based on thermal efficiency. It was conducted a fluid selection from the adaptation and expanding the parameters of the qualitative spinal point method, considering the thermodynamic performance, environmental preservation criteria, safety, and fluid characteristics. As a result, it was obtained that hydrocarbons present the best thermodynamic and qualitative performances, with benzene and cyclohexane being the most attractive to be used as fluids in the proposed Rankine cycle, followed by n-hexane.

Analysis of Different Organic Rankine and Kalina Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery in the Iron and Steel Industry.

This study analyzed waste heat of two sections including the rolling section and electric arc furnace with low and medium temperature ranges, respectively. Organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) and Kalina cycles are the best technologies for the conversion of low-quality and medium-quality thermal energy to electrical power. The ORC applies the principle of the steam Rankine cycle, but it uses organic working fluids with low boiling points to recover heat from lower temperature heat sources. Also, in the Kalina cycle, ammonia water is selected as the working fluid because of its variable boiling point and thermodynamic properties. This study employs the thermo-economic method using the genetic algorithm to optimize the performance of three different ORC systems including a basic ORC (BORC) system, a single-stage regenerative ORC (SRORC) system, and a double-stage regenerative ORC (DRORC) system using five different working fluids and a basic Kalina cycle with KCS34 and complex cycle under the same waste heat conditions. Based on the energy and exergy analysis, the complex Kalina cycle shows the best performance among all studied cycles. The next best performance was exhibited by KCS34 and DROC, respectively. In general, Kalina cycles and ORCs are suitable for low-temperature and medium-temperature heat sources, respectively. According to the thermo-economic analysis, KCS34 in the rolling section and DRORC in EAF show optimum performance for heat recovery. R11 and R113 are selected as the best working fluids for ORCs, and ammonia with a concentration of 0.9 in the mixture is the optimal solution for Kalina cycles.

An examination of super dry working fluids used in regenerative organic Rankine cycles

Thermodynamic and economic performance of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system is closely related to the thermophysical properties of its organic working fluid. Super dry working fluids are especially suitable for regenerative ORC. Setting a recuperator in an ORC not only improves its thermodynamic performance, but also increases the investment cost of heat exchanger that accounts for the highest proportion in the whole ORC system. Based on the above consideration, this paper presents an examination of super dry working fluids used in regenerative ORC. The suitable super dry working fluid used in a regenerative ORC is determined and selected for common medium/low-temperature heat sources. Based on different types of heat sources, the optimal single-stage extraction pressure and extraction temperature of each super dry working fluid in regenerative ORC is determined according to the net power output and thermal efficiency of regenerative ORC, respectively. The results show that heptane may match the closed heat source best with an optimal extraction condition at 0.45 MPa and 478.64 K. While pentane, hexane, propylcyclohexane, undecane and o-xylene may match five different open heat sources. Their corresponding optimal extraction conditions are 0.85 MPa/408.78 K, 0.6 MPa/445.33 K, 0.35 MPa/570.22 K, 0.175 MPa/584.25 K and 0.4 MPa/544.32 K.

Exergy analysis of organic Rankine cycle for waste heat recovery using low GWP refrigerants

The use of exergy analysis in thermodynamic systems, as well as energy analysis, is quickly increasing. Exergy analysis is useful for identifying processes that cause exergy destruction and losses, and it may be used in conjunction with energy analysis. Due to environmental concerns, the use of waste heat has received a lot of attention in recent years. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a promising method for converting waste heat into usable work at low temperatures. In this research, both the Basic Organic Rankine Cycle and the Regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle are considered for the analysis. Python is used for the simulation process. This investigation shows that the regenerative ORC has higher thermal and second law efficiency and a lower exergy destruction rate compared to the basic ORC. The Global Warming Potential (GWP) and Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) of R1233zd(E), R1234ze(Z), R1234ze(E), and R1234yf are considered low. R1233zd(E) had a 1-5.66% and a maximum of 4.17% lower second law efficiency than R113 in regenerative ORC and basic ORC, respectively. On the other hand, R113 is not an eco-friendly fluid. As a result, R1233zd(E) can be used in place of R113 to assure better environmental quality by sacrificing a small portion of efficiency. The fluids which have a higher critical temperature showed better results compared to the fluids which have a lower critical temperature. Throughout the study, R1233zd(E) performed better than the rest of the three fluids. In both basic and regenerative ORC, R1233zd(E) has higher thermal and second law efficiency.

Parametric analysis and thermal-economical optimization of a parallel dual pressure evaporation and two stage regenerative organic Rankine cycle using mixture working fluids

The thermal-economical optimization on a parallel dual pressure evaporation and two-stage regenerative organic Rankine cycle (DTRORC) using mixture working fluid is conducted in this study. The comparison between DTRORC and other ORC systems from the viewpoint of thermodynamic performance and economic performance is discussed. The effects of six key operation parameters on exergy efficiency and LEC are addressed. The bi-objective optimization for maximizing exergy efficiency and minimizing LEC are examined. The Pareto-optimal solutions using TOPSIS, LINMAP and Shannon&GRA decision-making methods are obtained and compared using offset factors. Results indicate that DTRORC obtains 1.75% higher thermal efficiency, 3.5% higher exergy efficiency and 1 kW higher net power than DORC, and 0.8% higher thermal efficiency, 2.5% higher exergy efficiency and 0.5 kW higher net power than DRORC. The optimal solution of the LINMAP decision-making method is chosen for mixture working fluids, while that for Pentane and R245fa are LINMAP and TOPSIS decision-making methods, respectively. From the viewpoint of Pareto-optimal solution, the exergy efficiency of R245fa/Pentane is 2.40% higher than that of Pentane and 1.39% higher than that of R245fa, while the LEC of R245fa/Pentane is 0.58% lower than that of Pentane and 3.42% higher than that of R245fa.

Design and evaluation of renewable energies-based multi-generation system for hydrogen production, freshwater and cooling

In this study, a new combination of a multi-generation system based on solar energy is presented and studied from the perspective of energy and exergy. The system includes parabolic trough solar collectors (PTSCs) to collect solar radiant heat, and storage tanks to keep the system operational at all hours of the day (considering three operating modes for the system according to the intensity of solar radiation during the day). Also, a geothermal energy system has been coupled with this system to improve its usability. In this system it was tried to use most of the dissipated heat. The system includes solar parts, a regenerative organic Rankine cycle (RORC), two organic Rankine cycle (ORC), three humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination cycles, and a single-effect absorption chiller (SE-ARC). The system was studied from a thermodynamic view point, and for these three modes, the energetic efficiency index of the entire system was calculated to be 121.9, 57.28, and 77.68, respectively, while the exergetic efficiency index of the entire system was calculated as 7.696, 3.374, and 4.922, respectively. The highest amount of fresh water and hydrogen production occurs in solar mode and for cooling load in storage mode, which are equal to 6.068, 3.569 and 538.7, respectively. Compared to similar studies, the efficiency of the system has improved due to the better utilization of the dissipated heat as well as the use of geothermal energy. It was also concluded that the highest destruction rate exergy among all the components of the system occurs in PTSC in solar and solar with storage mode and in the storage mode evaporator 1 has the most exergy damage, which is equal to: 1275, 4233 and 390.4 kW, respectively.

Thermodynamic analysis of subcritical/transcritical ORCs with metal–organic heat carriers for efficient power generation from low-grade thermal energy

Recovery of low-grade energy for power generation by organic Rankine cycle (ORC) can effectively alleviate energy crisis and reduce CO2 emission, but the low heat source temperature severely affects the thermal efficiency and output power of the system. Using new working fluids with enhanced thermal properties is one promising approach to improve cycle performance. Based on the concept of nanofluids with conventional refrigerants and metal–organic heat carriers (MOHCs), thermodynamic models of subcritical/transcritical basic ORC and regenerative ORC (RORC) with R134a/Cr-MIL-101 and R134a/Mg-MOF-74 nanofluids are constructed. Thermodynamic analysis results reveal that adsorption of R134a from MOFs increases pump work input and the turbine work output, while desorption increases the evaporator heat input. Also, MOHCs improve the thermal efficiency of both ORC and RORC, and the thermal efficiency improvement ratio of transcritical cycle is maximized at high evaporation pressure and low turbine inlet temperature. By adding a 0.9% mass fraction of Mg-MOF-74 to R134a, the maximum thermal efficiency of RORC is improved from 13.66% to 16.61%, and its maximum specific net work output is increased from 27.82 kJ/kg to 34.42 kJ/kg. Furthermore, both exergy efficiency and economic benefit are improved with MOHC-added systems.

Energy, exergy, economic and emission saving analysis and multiobjective optimization of a new multi-generation system based on a solar tower with triple combined power cycle

In the present work, an original solar tower based multi-generation system with triple combined power cycle is proposed and investigated in detail. The novel system deploys a solar tower-based Brayton cycle, a single-stage regenerative organic Rankine cycle and a Goswami cycle. A multi-effect desalination, an electrolyzer and a LiBr absorption cooling system are coupled to the triple combined power cycle for the purpose of power, heating, fresh water, green hydrogen, refrigeration, space cooling and hot water production. Thermodynamic, economic and emission saving viewpoints are examined together with parametric investigation. Effect of variation of power size of the electrolyzer on the overall system performance and effect of change in solar irradiation are also analyzed. Multiobjective optimization is performed considering thermodynamic and economic objectives simultaneously. At the optimum conditions, proposed system has 51.99% and 37.99% energy and exergy efficiency values, respectively, and achieves 513.8 kg CO2/h emission savings and 0.0352 $/kWh unit product profit. Total revenue rate and total cost rate are calculated as 168.2 $/h and 92.3 $/h, respectively. Discounted payback period calculation shows that the system compensates itself economically in 4.79 years.

Examination and optimization of a novel auxiliary trigeneration system for a ship through waste-to-energy from its engine

Considering the thermal processes with the help of smart heat recovery, this study proposes a novel auxiliary trigeneration system for a ship based on the waste heat of its engine to produce electricity, cooling, and freshwater. The system consists of a regenerative organic Rankine cycle (RORC) with R600 working fluid, a lithium-bromide/water single-effect absorption chiller, and a humidification dehumidification (HDH) desalination unit. A multi-heat recovery technique is implemented in the design framework, having a well-organized waste-to-energy system. Technical 3E (energy, exergy, and exergoeconomic) analysis together with a multi-criteria optimization using a genetic algorithm is conducted. Furthermore, a parametric study is employed regarding the impact of changing design parameters, namely, pinch point temperature difference of the high recovery vapor generator (HRVG), turbine inlet pressure, and top temperature of the HDH on the thermodynamic and exergoeconomic criteria. The results indicated the high sensitivity of the outputs from varying the turbine inlet pressure. Besides, the optimum net output power, cooling, and generated freshwater are calculated to be 783.9 kW, 959.8 kW, and 98.1 m3/day, respectively. Also, the optimum energy and exergy efficiencies and total cost per unit exergy are computed to be 58.4%, 43.0%, and 0.1494 $/kWh, respectively.

Multi-objective optimization and off-design performance based on thermodynamic -economic-environmental analysis of organic Rankine & Kalina cycles for roller kiln waste heat recovery

ABSTRACT Heat recovery from roller kiln’s flue gas and cooling gas is interest topic to make ceramic tile production cleaner and more sustainable. Comparatively, the parallel double-evaporator regenerative organic Rankine cycle (PD-RORC) & Kalina cycle (PD-KC34 (Kalina cycle 34)) provide a good solution for a roller kiln’s low-temperature double heat sources utilization. In this research, the off-design performance of the multiobjective optimized PD-RORC & PD-KC34 based on thermodynamic-economic-environmental model is investigated to provide dependable assessment for the roller kiln’s waste heat recovery. Firstly, the multiobjective optimization of PD-RORC & PD-KC34 is carried out considering thermodynamic, economic and environmental factors, and TOPSIS method is used to select the optimal Pareto solution. Then, the influences of the roller kiln’s operating conditions and heat sink on the off-design performances of PD-RORC & PD-KC34 are further explored. The results show that, under the optimal condition, PD-RORC has superior exergy efficiency () and environmental performance with of 49.76% and environment impact load () of 0.096 mPEChina,90/kWh while PD-KC34 has better net power output () and economic behavior with of 250.72 kW and electricity production cost () of 0.090 $/kWh. In addition, excess air coefficient has the greatest impact on , , and for PD-RORC and PD-KC34. On the whole, PD-KC34 has higher sensitivity on and while PD-RORC shows greater sensitivity on and .

Experimental investigation on an R290-based organic Rankine cycle utilizing cold energy of liquid nitrogen

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) has been widely used to utilize low-grade waste heat from low, medium, and high-temperature heat sources. Meanwhile, the research of the ORC operates in the cryogenic temperature has also attracted much attention due to the increasing requirement of liquid natural gas (LNG). However, there is still a lack of experimental research on the cryogenic ORC. In this paper, the experimental study of a cryogenic ORC using a semi-hermetic scroll expander and propane (R290) has been investigated. Liquid nitrogen is used as the cryogenic cold source in this system while the circulation water is used to simulate the low-grade waste heat. The system performance of utilizing the cold energy of the liquid nitrogen and thermal energy of the circulation water has been investigated. First, the effects of the evaporation pressure and pressure drop on system performance are examined. Moreover, the system performance between the regenerative organic Rankine cycle (RORC) and basic organic Rankine cycle (BORC) has been compared. The experimental results indicate that evaporation pressure has a significant effect on system performance, and different optimum evaporation pressure will be obtained under different liquid nitrogen mass flow rates. The maximum electrical power 673.59 W, system thermal efficiency 6.78%, and cold energy utilization efficiency 12.32% can be obtained, while the evaporation pressure and liquid nitrogen mass flow rate are 1.36 MPa and 120 kg/h, respectively. What’s more, the results also indicate that the pressure drop exhibits a high sensitivity on system performance, and there is a clear linear proportional relationship between pressure drop and electrical power. Furthermore, the comparison results show that RORC has a better system performance than BORC. The experimental results provide design and optimal operation strategy for the cryogenic organic Rankine cycle.

New Integrated Process for the Efficient Production of Methanol, Electrical Power, and Heating

In this paper, a novel process is developed to cogenerate 4741 kg/h of methanol, 297.7 kW of electricity, and 35.73 ton/h of hot water, including a hydrogen purification system, an absorption–compression refrigeration cycle (ACRC), a regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), and parabolic solar troughs. The heat produced in the methanol reactor is recovered in the ORC and ACRC. Parabolic solar troughs provide thermal power to the methanol distillation tower. Thermal efficiencies of the integrated structure and the liquid methanol production cycle are 78.14% and 60.91%, respectively. The process’s total exergy efficiency and irreversibility are 89.45% and 16.89 MW. The solar thermal collectors take the largest share of exergy destruction (34%), followed by heat exchangers (30%) and mixers (19%). Based on the sensitivity analysis, D17 (mixture of H2 and low-pressure fuel gas before separation) was the most influential stream affecting the performance of the process. With the temperature decline of stream D17 from −139 to −149 °C, the methanol production rate and the total thermal efficiency rose to 4741.2 kg/h and 61.02%, respectively. Moreover, the growth in the hydrogen content from 55% to 80% molar of the feed gas, the flow rate of liquid methanol, and the total exergy efficiency declined to 4487 kg/h and 86.05%.

Application of Gene Expression Programming for Performance Analysis of a Regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle with Low-Temperature Heat Source

Application of Gene Expression Programming for Performance Analysis of a Regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle with Low-Temperature Heat Source

Automated configuration of organic Rankine cycle system based on process simulations

In organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system, the selection of the structure and the optimization of operating parameters are usually studied separately, which makes the existing design principles inadequate to describe the impacts of the structure on ORC performance, and thus greatly limits its practical applications. To this end, this paper addresses an automated scheme for the optimal configuration of the ORC system, aiming to simultaneously determine the working fluid, the structure and the operating parameters corresponding to the maximal system efficiency. In this work, a comprehensive simulation and optimization of four common ORC structures is first conducted with 18 working fluid candidates and the most common heat sources with the inlet temperature ranging at 200–120 °C. The influence mechanisms of the ORC structure on the thermodynamic performance of the ORC system are then explored to generalize the qualitative and quantitative principles for ORC configuration. Results show that, for the single-pressure evaporation ORC (SPC) with a given inlet temperature of the heat source, the Pinch point type formed by the working fluid and the heat source changes from vaporization Pinch point (VPP) to VPP&PPP (preheat Pinch point) and then to PPP as the critical temperature of the working fluid decreases. The system efficiency of SPC reaches its maximum when the double Pinch point of VPP and PPP is formed and double-pressure evaporation ORC (DPC) reaches its maximum system efficiency when the double Pinch points of HVPP and LVPP are formed. Besides, it is found that when compared with the basic ORC, the regenerative ORC enables to improve the thermal efficiency and system efficiency of the system at the same time, whereas the bleeding regenerative ORC increases the thermal efficiency while reduces the system efficiency. For the DPC, the type of Pinch point formed by the heat source and the working fluid in the optimal working condition is the key to determine whether a system has multiple evaporation potential. Specially, for the heat source with variable inlet temperature, a linear relationship between the inlet temperature of the heat source and the critical temperature of the working fluid can be established to determine the multiple evaporation potential of a certain working fluid. Based on these results, an automatic scheme for ORC configuration is developed and expected to provide an effective guidance for the selection of working fluid, configuration optimization and parameter determination of the actual ORC heat recovery process.

Extremum analysis based on exergy and economic principle for ejector-absorption cycles combined with regenerative organic-Rankine and gas-turbine cycles

A combined cooling and power cycle is proposed for the establishment of a new system for the waste heat recovery process. The new system consists of a gas turbine coupling a heat recovery steam generator with the regenerative organic Rankine cycle and an ejector-absorption refrigeration cycle. The system analysis is carried out comprehensively through thermodynamic and economic viewpoints. The principal goal of the present study is to address the thermodynamic and economic viability of the proposed system and identify some possible improvements. In addition, the cost-effectiveness of the proposed cycle and the implemented methodologies has been examined. The key results show that the combustion chamber is the major source of irreversibility and it is responsible for 45.81% % of the total exergy destruction. Furthermore, the exergoeconomic factor of a combustion chamber is 0.0051 indicating that the cost of exergy destruction is more than that of the investment cost. In order to assess the effect of major design parameters, a parametric study is conducted. A thermodynamic study using R141b, R601a, and R123 is made and compared at various conditions. It is found that R141b is more suitable for improving the power output from the regenerative organic Rankine cycle. Finally, a multi-objective optimization is performed to determine the overall exergy efficiency and the total product cost as objective functions. At optimum conditions, the overall exergy efficiency and the total product cost are obtained as 0.4418 and 54.84 $/GJ, respectively. The operating temperature range in the generator of the ejector absorption system changes with respect to the conventional system values and the range of the optimum performance condition obtained is to be more practicable to avoid the crystallization state.

Optimization Study on Regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) with Heat Source of Low-Grade Steam

Aiming at improving the performance of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system with low-grade steam as heat source, this work studied and optimized the main operating parameters of the ORC system. The effects of evaporation temperature, superheat degree, condensation temperature and regenerator pinch temperature difference on the system performance were obtained. The optimization for the operating parameters is based on the indicators of specific net power output, waste heat pollution, cycle exergy efficiency, and total UA value (the product of overall heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer area of heat exchanger). The results show that the increase of the evaporation temperature and the superheat degree, and the decrease of the condensation temperature and regenerator pinch temperature difference can improve general system performance but lead to weaker economic performance. The optimal evaporation temperature, superheat degree, condensation temperature and regenerator pinch temperature difference are determined as 139°C, 4°C, 36°C and 8°C, respectively, reaching net power output of 114.73 kW, exergy efficiency of 37.10%. Besides, it is indicated that the regenerative ORC system can reach 13.6% additional net power output compared to the ORC system without the regenerator.

Energy and exergy analyses of a cryogenic reverse Brayton cycle with waste heat recovery

In a typical reverse Brayton cycle (RBC), a great amount of compression heat is just wasted, for which there are two different temperature levels. The basic organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and the regenerative ORC with improvement were then applied to recover waste heat. Considering that the waste gas after ORC was reused, the total exergy efficiency was defined to evaluate different cycles. A simulation method was conducted to predict cycle performances and the coupling between RBC and ORC was clarified. The feasibility of replacing the after cooler with the evaporator was analysed. Compared with the typical RBC, a relative improvement of 18.2% was achieved for COP in the combined system and the cooling exergy efficiency was increased by 16.8%. The correspondence of the total exergy efficiency and the COP of whole system exited in different cycle layouts. Proper organisation of the RBC with ORC could promote the energy efficiency.

A novel transcritical-recuperative two-stage Organic Rankine Cycle for dual/multi-source heat recovery applications

The Transcritical Regenerative Series Two-stage Organic Rankine Cycle (TR-STORC) has improved performance over STORC and single-stage ORC. However, the TR design requires vapor extraction between turbine stages, which prevents the use of compact two-stage ORC turboexpanders. An alternative Transcritical-Recuperative (TREC) design is proposed which eliminates vapor extraction allowing direct integration of compact two-stage turbines. The novel TREC-STORC operates with a recuperator acting as an additional evaporator at the low-pressure turbine exit (LP mode). Another TREC design requiring vapor extraction from the high-pressure turbine stage (HP mode), similar to the TR design, is also presented for comparison purposes. TREC-STORC in LP mode presents a marginally improved performance of 1–3% over HP mode for various IC engine heat source conditions. With cyclopentane as working fluid, at engine design point conditions, LP mode delivers 4% higher power outputs over HP mode and TR-STORC. Compared to STORC and single-stage ORC, the LP mode of TREC-STORC delivers 21% and 28% higher power outputs, respectively. For other working fluids, TREC-STORC (LP mode) delivers between 2–5% additional power output over TR-STORC, with 18–38% and 20–56% increased power outputs over STORC and single-stage ORC, respectively. TREC-STORC (LP mode) presents a superior and robust ORC architecture for dual/multi-source heat recovery applications.

Investigation of an auxiliary option to meet local energy demand via an innovative small-scale geothermal-driven system; a seasonal analysis

Regarding the decrease in energy supply in urban areas at the peak periods of seasonal consumption, this study is steered towards working on an auxiliary option supporting the required energy load of the urban sector. Since the fluctuations in local energy demand should be addressed via local capabilities, this study focuses on geothermal energy as the renewable energy-based option to design a novel seasonal multigeneration system. The designed small-scale system consists of a flash-binary geothermal cycle (producing electricity) whereby its waste heat is recovered by a regenerative organic Rankine cycle (producing electricity), a desalination unit based on thermal processes (producing freshwater) together with a single-effect absorption chiller and a heating production unit for addressing the warm and cold weather conditions, respectively. The system is comprehensively analyzed from the 3E concept (energy, exergy, and economic) and optimized using a genetic algorithm both thermodynamically and economically. Also, a net present value (NPV) method is used to predict the revenue and payback period of the system. Based on the outcomes, the sensitivity of the performance criteria undergoes a principal variation with the geothermal water inlet temperature. Also, the genetic algorithm estimated that the highest energy and exergy efficiencies and lowest total unit cost of products are respectively 56.04%, 67.25, and 9.37 $/GJ in summer and 57.57%, 68.42%, and 8.73 $/GJ in winter.