Reference Varieties Research Articles

Perilaku pencarian informasi mahasiswa magister dan doktor fully online dalam menyelesaikan studi di Universitas Terbuka

Background. As one of the open and distance universities, Universitas Terbuka provides access to higher education for all Indonesian people without exception, this is also stated in the vision and mission of the Open University to be able to provide the widest possible service, which comes all students with normal or disabilities. This study aims to find and see information seeking behavior by students with special needs at the Open UniversityMethodology. The research method uses observation and interviews for analyses and looking at facts in the field to get detailed information in this research.Results and discussion. This study wants to observe the need and the behavior of information of students with special needs at Universitas Terbuka, it can be seen what model is used by students with special needs and can be used as one of the inputs and suggestions that need to be acknowledged by the Universitas Terbuka. Based on the analytical data that has been carried out as well as interviews with informant sources the information needed by students is closely related to the topic of their study needs or tasks, so students need a variety of references for their knowledge and needs in completing their studies at the Universitas Terbuka.Conclusions. Most information popular and often used by students are printed books and internet sources because they contain up-to-date, relevant information and easy use and provide detailed and basic information for both administrative and academic with special needs.

Integration of omics analyses into GMO risk assessment in Europe: a case study from soybean field trials

In Europe, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are subject to an authorization process including a mandatory risk assessment. According to the respective guidance by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), one of the pillars of this GMO risk assessment is a comparative analysis of the compositional and agronomic characteristics. This targeted approach has been criticized for its limitations, as it only considers pre-determined compounds, being insufficient to assess a comprehensive range of relevant compounds, including toxins and anti-nutrients, on a case-specific basis. Strategies based on advanced untargeted omics technologies have been proposed as a potential broader approach to be implemented into the initial step of the risk assessment framework. Here, we provide an example of a step-by-step omics analysis based on systems biology approach to fit into the context of European GMO regulation. We have performed field trial experiments with genetically modified (GM) Intacta™ Roundup Ready™ 2 Pro soybean containing both cry1Ac and cp4epsps transgenic inserts and analyzed its proteomic profile against the non-GM counterpart and reference varieties. Based on EFSA’s comparative endpoint-by-endpoint approach, the proteomics analysis revealed six proteins from the GMO outside the 99% tolerance intervals of reference varieties (RVs) in the equivalence test. Interestingly, from the near-isogenic (non-GM) comparator we found as many as ten proteins to be outside of the said RVs’ equivalence limits. According to EFSA’s statistical guidelines, differences found in metabolite abundance between a GMO and its non-GM comparator would not be considered biologically relevant as all compounds of concern remained within the equivalence limits of commercial RVs. By assessing the proteomic and metabolomic data through our proposed systems biology approach, we found 70 proteins, and the metabolite xylobiose as differentially expressed between the GMO and its non-GM comparator. Biological relevance of such results was revealed through a functional biological network analysis, where we found alterations in several metabolic pathways related to protein synthesis and protein processing. Moreover, the allergenicity analysis identified 43 proteins with allergenic potential being differentially expressed in the GM soybean variety. Our results demonstrate that implementation of advanced untargeted omics technologies in the risk assessment of GMOs will enable early and holistic assessment of possible adverse effects. The proposed approach can provide a better understanding of the specific unintended effects of the genetic modification on the plant’s metabolism, the involved biological networks, and their interactions, and allows to formulate and investigate dedicated risk hypotheses in the first place. We draw conclusions on a detailed comparison with the comparative assessment according to EFSA and provide scientific arguments and examples on how the current comparative approach is not fit for purpose.

MARKETING COMMUNICATION STRATEGY FOR LOCAL BRAND ENTREPRENEURS (A CASE STUDY OF SABANA FRIED CHICKEN FRANCHISE AT RADIO DALAM, SOUTH JAKARTA)

The development of the Indonesian economic sector is growing, presenting a variety of more diverse culinary references. The culinary industry influences economic growth. This research aims to attract consumers from the marketing communication strategy implemented by Sabana Fried Chicken at Radio Dalam, South Jakarta. Marketing Communication is the main reference in this research. The case study method is used in the qualitative research approach. Marketing communication strategy tries to reveal in the implementation of activities in this research. The development of the research found that to increase sales. Franchise Sabana tried to apply several marketing communication strategies in marketing their products, including by utilizing social media and traditional marketing such as word of mouth (WOM) in terms of promotion.

Physiological responses, nutritional quality and aroma volatiles of the red-fleshed kirkwood navel and ruby valencia oranges during postharvest cold storage

This study evaluates the postharvest performance and responses of the red-fleshed Kirkwood Navel and Ruby Valencia oranges to cold storage (28 d at 2 °C) and shelf-life (5 d at 20 °C) in comparison with the standard varieties Washington Navel and Valencia late, respectively. Fruit of Kirkwood and Ruby exhibited lower chilling injury than the reference varieties while maintained similar weight loss and peel firmness. Moreover, the large concentration and the original composition of carotenoids in the pulp of Kirkwood and Ruby was preserved during the postharvest storage. Similarly, the content of vitamin C, phenolics and flavonoids, and the higher lipophilic antioxidant capacity and the capacity to quench singlet oxygen of the red-fleshed oranges remained unaltered after the whole storage period. The content of other compounds as tocopherols and sugars increased at the end of the storage period in fruit of the red-fleshed varieties. Monoterpenes, norisoprenoids, ethanol, aldehydes and ethyl esters were the compounds that exhibited the major changes during the postharvest storage, especially in the red-fleshed varieties. The profile of volatile compounds of Kirkwood and Ruby fruit was characterized by higher levels of norisoprenoids, monoterpenes, long-chain aldehydes, and variable content of aliphatic esters compared to the reference varieties. Altogether, our results indicated that Kirkwood Navel and Ruby Valencia oranges show good postharvest performance and potential for long-term cold storage, ensuring their quality and retaining their enhanced properties and added value to consumers. Data availabilityAll data are available in the manuscript or supplementary materials.

Mental health outcomes and psychological interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic

In the aftermath of the new crown epidemic, people’s lives have been turned upside down and stress levels have increased, resulting in negative psychological and mental health outcomes. Anxiety, depression, insomnia, and other psychological symptoms ensued. And if appropriate measures are not taken in a timely manner, the “psychological crisis pandemic” will erode people more than COVID-19. To date, many experts have proposed interventions centred on maintaining the mental health of the population. Considering some special populations and the specificity of the epidemic period, researchers have given a variety of references, encompassing traditional psychological treatment methods and emerging online therapies. This paper reviews and summarizes the psychological problems that emerged in the population during the COVID-19 pandemic, and proposes appropriate interventions for different populations, providing feasible solutions for maintaining the mental health of the population, which will help people have a clearer understanding of mental health and prevent mental illness in time.

Effect of two water deficit regimes on phenolic composition of 15 recovered grapevine varieties in Castilla-La Mancha region (Spain): A comparison with national and international varieties

As a consequence of the climate change effects, the chemical composition of wine grapes is being altered, particularly the phenolic components. For this reason, the drought effect on the phenolic composition of an extensive group of white and red varieties grown under a semi-arid continental Mediterranean climate (La Mancha, Spain) was studied in the 2021 vintage. The study was based on the comparison of the phenolic compounds of minority varieties, using other widely cultivated varieties as a reference. The results obtained indicated that there are currently little-known varieties that can equal or even improve to other reference varieties in terms of phenolic composition. Such varieties may be a good alternative for maintaining wine quality in present and future climate change scenarios.

Assessment of genetically modified maize GA21×T25 for food and feed uses, under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (application EFSA-GMO-DE-2016-137).

Genetically modified maize GA21 × T25 was developed by crossing to combine two single events: GA21 and T25. The GMO Panelpreviously assessed the two single maize events and did not identify safety concerns. No new data on the single maize events were identified that could lead to modification of the original conclusions on their safety. The molecular characterisation, comparative analysis (agronomic, phenotypic and compositional characteristics) and the outcome of the toxicological, allergenicity and nutritional assessment indicate that the combination of the single maize events and of the newly expressed proteins in maize GA21 × T25 does not give rise to food and feed safety and nutritional concerns. The GMO Panelconcludes that maize GA21 × T25, as described in this application, is as safe as its conventional counterpart and the non-GM reference varieties tested, and no post-market monitoring of food and feed is considered necessary. In the case of accidental release of viable maize GA21 × T25 grains into the environment, this would not raise environmental safety concerns. The post-market environmental monitoring plan and reporting intervals are in line with the intended uses of maize GA21 × T25. Post-market monitoring of food and feed is not considered necessary. The GMO Panelconcludes that maize GA21 × T25 is as safe as its conventional counterpart and the non-GM reference varieties tested, with respect to potential effects on human and animal health and the environment.

Institutional Repositories as a Global Dissemination Tool of Educational And Scientific Information

The authors present an overview of publications on the introduction and use of digital institutional repositories (DIR) in different countries and in Ukraine. A variety of reference and scientific literature, and publications in international scientometric databases have been analyzed. The role of digital institutional repositories in providing access to full-text electronic achievements, disseminating research results, and maximizing their accessibility and scientific influence is highlighted. The problem of creating and using digital institutional repositories in the training of specialists in higher education, as well as the formation of their information and research competence, is considered. It is substantiated that institutional repositories are a powerful tool in pedagogical universities to conduct and disseminate scientific research results in education, pedagogy, and psychology. Particular attention is paid to the role of library materials in the formation and operation of digital institutional repositories. The experience of Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University Library (Ukraine) is reflected separately. Keywords: digital institutional repository, information and research competence, open electronic scientific and educational systems, open science; pedagogical university library

Physiological and biochemical characterization of chickpea genotypes for cold tolerance at reproductive stage

• The susceptible genotypes exhibited the highest levels of lipid peroxidation and lesser magnitude of proline increase than the tolerant ones during reproductive cold stress in chickpea. • Proline and pollen load can be used as prominent phenotypic markers in screening for cold tolerance in chickpea breeding programme. • The breeding lines GL29183-P1, GL29183-P2 and GL29183-P3 and cultivar PBG5 can be extensively evaluated in cold prone areas to identify any line for release for general cultivation. Cold stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses affecting chickpea production in Northwestern India. Further, the short-duration varieties are more susceptible to cold injury as their reproductive phase coincides with the cold spell of this zone. So, enhancing the cold tolerance of the host plant is the only viable option to resolve this issue in chickpea. The present study involved a set of 13 advanced breeding lines (with differential cold sensitivity) and three reference varieties (GPF2, PBG5, and PBG7) of chickpea which were exposed to cold stress at the reproductive stage under field conditions during the winters of 2019–20 and 2020–21. Various physiological and biochemical parameters such as proline, electrolyte leakage, photosynthetic pigments, lipid peroxidation, and 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity were measured before and after exposure to cold to delineate the mechanism of tolerance in these genotypes. Significant genotypic variations were observed for the above-mentioned traits in both years. The genotypes GL27059 P2, GL 28202-P1, and GL28202-P2 exhibited the highest lipid peroxidation and lesser magnitude of proline increase during reproductive cold stress on a pooled basis. These genotypes performed poorly for yield traits like pod set percent, filled pods plant –1 , total seeds/ plant, and seed yield/plant and hence were susceptible to cold stress. Further, a significant reduction in reproductive function of male gametophyte i.e. pollen viability and pollen load under cold stress was also observed in these susceptible genotypes. In contrast, tolerant line GL29183-P2 had significantly more pollen load and pollen viability contributing to better yield performance (viz., higher flowers/plant, pods/plant, and maximum pod set percent) among the studied advanced breeding lines. Based upon the pooled analysis, the reference variety PBG5 outperformed in yield attributes i.e., total flower/ plant, total filled pods/plant, and had a significantly higher yield than GL29183 under cold stress at the early reproductive stage. A significant increment in levels of proline (125–160%) on exposure to cold spell was observed in genotypes, GL29183 and PBG5, which contribute toward cold tolerance. Thus, an increase in proline along with maintenance of pollen load can be used as prominent phenotypic markers in screening for cold tolerance at the reproductive stage in chickpea.

Assessment of genetically modified Maize MON 87429 for food and feed uses, under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (application EFSA-GMO-NL-2019-161).

Maize MON 87429 was developed to confer tolerance to dicamba, glufosinate, quizalofop and 2,4-D herbicides. The molecular characterisation data and bioinformatic analyses do not identify issues requiring food/feed safety assessment. None of the identified differences in the agronomic/phenotypic and compositional characteristics tested between maize MON 87429 and its conventional counterpart needs further assessment, except for the levels of phytic acid in grains, which do not raise nutritional and safety concerns. The GMO Paneldoes not identify safety concerns regarding the toxicity and allergenicity of the DMO, PAT, FT_T and CP4 EPSPS proteins as expressed in maize MON 87429. The GMO Panelfinds no evidence that the genetic modification impacts the overall safety of maize MON 87429. In the context of this application, the consumption of food and feed from maize MON 87429 does not represent a nutritional concern in humans and animals. The GMO Panelconcludes that maize MON 87429 is as safe as the conventional counterpart and non-GM maize reference varieties tested, and no post-market monitoring of food/feed is considered necessary. In the case of accidental release of viable maize MON 87429 grains into the environment, this would not raise environmental safety concerns. The post-market environmental monitoring plan and reporting intervals are in line with the intended uses of maize MON 87429. The GMO Panelconcludes that maize MON 87429, as described in this application, is as safe as its conventional counterpart and the tested non-GM maize reference varieties with respect to potential effects on human and animal health and the environment.

INDICATORS OF THE QUALITY OF RICE GRAIN AND GROATS DEPENDING ON THE GENOTYPE OF CULTIVARS

The yield and the quality of grain and groats have been determined for rice varieties belonging to different ripening groups: early-ripening Komandor and Yuzhanin, mid-ripening Ukraina 96, Vikont, Admiral, Magic, and Lotto, and late-ripening Fukushikiri, Giza 177, and Sakha 101. As to the quantitative indicators of grain quality, the highest total yield of groats (about 70%) was recorded for early-ripening Yuzhanin, and mid-ripening Lotto, and Magic. The whole kernel output (about 90%) was registered for early-ripening Yuzhanin, mid-ripening Lotto, Vikont, and Ukraina 96, and late-ripening Sakha 101. Early-ripening Yuzhanin and mid-ripening Lotto were distinguished due to high yields and high values of major quantitative characteristics of grain quality (total output of groats, output of whole kernels, 1000-kernel weight). Yuzhanin also had a high content of protein in grain. Groats of mid-ripening Lotto, Magic, Admiral and Vikont, late-ripening Fukushikiri and Giza 177, and early-ripening Yuzhanin had high culinary qualities due to their high volume increase index (when boiled). The structure of groats was the best in early-ripening Yuzhanin, late-ripening Giza 177 and Fukushikiri, mid-ripening Lotto, Magic, and Admiral. Early-ripening Yuzhanin, mid-ripening Lotto, Magic, and Admiral, late-ripening Giza 177 and Fukushikiri were distinguished due to their groats colour; mid-ripening Vikont, Magic, and Admiral, late-ripening Giza 177, and early-ripening Yuzhanin – due to the groats aroma; mid-ripening Lotto, Vikont, Magic, and Admiral, early-ripening Yuzhanin, late-ripening Giza 177 and Sakha 101 – due to their palatability. By the set of parameters indicating the culinary quality of groats (increase index, structure, colour, aroma, palatability), early-ripening Yuzhanin, mid-ripening Lotto, Admiral, Magic, and Vikont, late-ripening Fukushikiri and Giza 177 were higher than the reference variety Ukraina 96. The results of comprehensive assessment of yields, grain quality, and culinary qualities of the groats have allowed singling out two cultivars: early-ripening Yuzhanin and mid-ripening Lotto. They have been found valuable enough to be more widely used in the production of rice grain and groats. New rice lines with high culinary qualities of groats have been originated from crossing the varieties having high-quality groats, in particular, Yuzhanin and Lotto.

The US Environmental Protection Agency Focus on Compliant Pharmaceutical Waste Management Now Includes Long-term Care.

The article provides a summary of changes in the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) regulation of hazardous waste pharmaceuticals as they pertain to both long-term care-provider pharmacies and longterm care facilities. The article describes the EPA's Final Rule: Management Standards for Hazardous Waste Pharmaceuticals and Amendment to the P075 Listing for Nicotine, which became effective in some states on August 22, 2019, and is slowly being adopted by states nationwide. The new rule applies to all health care settings, including provider pharmacies and, for the first time, specifically refers to long-term care facilities as regulated entities. A major benefit of the Final Rule is the removal of over-the-counter nicotine gums, lozenges, and patches from regulation as a P-listed hazardous waste, which previously has had a major negative impact on the hazardous waste generation status of health care facilities. Waste-generation parameters are provided to enable both provider pharmacies and consultant pharmacists to evaluate their specific practices to determine applicability. The biggest change is the removal of all hazardous waste pharmaceuticals from the future calculation of generator status, thereby enabling facilities to meet the requirements of Very Small Quantity Generators or Small Quantity Generators of hazardous waste. All Small Quantity and Large Quantity Generators of hazardous waste must notify their state of their generator status once the state adopts the Final Rule by completing Form 8700-12. This article provides a variety of references to provide The American Society of Consultant Pharmacists members with additional resources and information.

“He’s a lawyer you know and all of that”

AbstractThis study examines the use of general extenders in Nigerian English, from a variational corpus-pragmatic framework, with British English as a reference variety. The data are extracted from the Nigerian and British components of theInternational Corpus of English. The results reveal that Nigerian English has patterns of use of general extenders that differ systematically from British English. Overall, Nigerian English users employ general extenders less frequently than British English users, as a result of a low preference for disjunctive extenders; there are no significant differences in the frequency of adjunctive and other general extenders between Nigerian and British English users. The study also identifies variants of general extenders unique to Nigerian English such asand all that one, andand other things (like that). In all, the results indicate that register and regional differences play important roles in determining general extender usage among English users.

Evaluation of tungro-resistant lines based on tungro disease severity and agronomic characteristics

Tungro disease severity and agronomic characteristics of tungro-resistant lines. Tungro is one of the diseases problem in rice production. The simplest approach to solve the problem is to use the resistance tungro variety, which is made of tungro resistance lines. At present, the character of the new type of rice becomes a preference by the formation of a variety. The line with the character of Agronomy is a decisive factor in the choice of a variety by farmers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential tungro resistant lines according to severity and agronomy. The research was carried out in the dry season of 2015 in Polewali Mandar, West Sulawesi. Fifty promising tungro lines and four reference varieties were tested using the Augmented Design with five blocks as replicates. Variables observed were green leafhopper population density and the presence of tungro disease. Agronomic character variables observed included clump shape, productive tiller at 90 DAT, flowering age 50%, the weight of 1000 grains, filled and unfilled grain, and grain yield of kg/ha. The results showed that there were several lines that had significantly higher yield potential , i.e. BP3734A-3-15-LRG-5-8-2-5, BP3770A-1-218-LRG-2-3-1-9, BP3840A-6-253-LRG-8-6-2-8, BP3862A-21-1054-LRG-5-1-1-6, BP3866A-4-1207-LRG-9-3-2-7, BP3870A-4-1357-LRG-2-3-1-7 and BP3870A-4-1363-LRG-8-1-1-7. All of these lines have the potential to be processed to the next phase.

Differences in bread protein digestibility traced to wheat cultivar traits

Wheat grain storage proteins, i.e. the gluten proteins, and alpha-amylase trypsin inhibitors are partially resistant to gastrointestinal digestion. They figure among the wheat components that are potential triggers of non-celiac wheat sensitivity. To explore the digestibility of bread wheat proteins in relation to heritable plant traits, old and modern wheat varieties grown in two environments were genotyped, phenotyped, and processed into breads, which were partially digested in vitro in a system resembling human digestion. The extent of proteolysis measured after 2 h of digestion was variable. Digestion of proteins present in bread made from old wheat cultivars registered before 1960 and modern cultivars registered after 1960 was similar. No major plant trait was correlated to partial protein digestibility of bread from cultivars with high grain protein content. The protein digestibility of bread from high yield cultivars was influenced by protein composition, as well as the genetic distance per chromosome from a reference variety. Improving high yield cultivars by breeding for highly digestible proteins might help to mitigate adverse reactions to a range of wheat proteins in susceptible individuals.

Genetic ability and seedling drought characterization of winter wheat lines in Croatia

Wheat is one of the most common and important cereals in Croatia. Therefore, high selection pressure at wheat breeding program is continually placed on disease, drought and lodging resistance, heading date and end-use quality. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the wheat grain productivity and quality, as well as response of wheat seedlings to drought. Five lines of winter wheat with reference variety Kraljica were used for evaluation of desired traits. In general, investigated wheat lines had such good characters as early maturity, high yield, they were smaller in test weight and protein content, but with higher sedimentation value, dough energy and extensibility, compared to reference variety. Overall, lines Osk.4.330/6-18, Osk.3.530/59-18, Osk.4.354/12-18 out yielded the reference variety with regard to the grain yield. According to the results collected in this research, wheat lines differences in germination energy and seedling growth affected by drought were obtained. All lines could offer farmers tolerance to mild drought during sowing and will achieve high yields. Nevertheless, stability and drought tolerance of investigated winter wheat lines in different environments have to be checked in multi-location trials.

Santería in Catemaco, Mexico

Abstract The Mexican city of Catemaco is famous for its diversity of African-American religious traditions. Although Santería was originally shaped in Cuba, the local Mexican versions show not only a variety of references regarding their origins and influences, ranging from West Africa and Cuba to local indigenous traditions, but also (re)interpretations of historically and geographically diverse contents. Based on interview data gathered during field research in 2017, this article outlines the different hybrid (re)configurations of African-Mexican Santería in Catemaco by tracing the changes made by the practitioners in order to adapt existing traditions. The corresponding adaptation processes include beliefs, practices, lore and material assets. Under a critical perspective, concepts of transnationalism, syncretism and glocalization are discussed, focussing on the dynamics between local and global aspects of Santería in Catemaco and shedding light on the processes of inclusion, exclusion and the shift of boundaries.

Bibliometric analysis of digital-based education services

Finding the ideal solution is now largely hampered by the availability of digital-based education providers. This article uses the Vosviewer program is used to carry out the bibliometric process. Numerous papers from throughout the globe have made significant contributions to the discussion of this phenomenon. In the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, developed nations have done study on digitally based education services by offering findings that are able to accomplish maximum job productivity. The information was gathered from a variety of pertinent international journal references from several sources, including dimension.ai, publish, or peris, which served as the standard for locating pertinent references.

Assessment of genetically modified oilseed rape MON 94100 for food and feed uses, under regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (application EFSA-GMO-NL-2020-169).

Oilseed rape MON 94100 was developed to confer tolerance to dicamba herbicide. The molecular characterisation data and bioinformatic analyses do not identify issues requiring food/feed safety assessment. None of the identified differences in the agronomic/phenotypic and compositional characteristics tested between oilseed rape MON 94100 and its conventional counterpart needs further assessment, except for the levels of carbohydrates, calcium and ADF in seeds, which do not raise nutritional and safety concerns. The GMO Panel does not identify safety concerns regarding the toxicity and allergenicity of the dicamba mono‐oxygenase (DMO) protein as expressed in oilseed rape MON 94100. The GMO Panel finds no evidence that the genetic modification impacts the overall safety of oilseed rape MON 94100. In the context of this application, the consumption of food and feed from oilseed rape MON 94100 does not represent a nutritional concern in humans and animals. The GMO Panel concludes that oilseed rape MON 94100 is as safe as the conventional counterpart and non‐GM oilseed rape reference varieties tested, and no post‐market monitoring of food/feed is considered necessary. In the case of accidental release of viable oilseed rape MON 94100 seeds into the environment, this would not raise environmental safety concerns. The post‐market environmental monitoring plan and reporting intervals are in line with the intended uses of oilseed rape MON 94100. The GMO Panel concludes that oilseed rape MON 94100 is as safe as its conventional counterpart and the tested non‐GM oilseed rape reference varieties with respect to potential effects on human and animal health and the environment.

The hammer, the mallet, and the nail

The hammer, the mallet, and the nail