Waste Reduction Research Articles

A novel simplified model to evaluate environmental impact based on life cycle assessment methodology –Case study of spinach considering food waste reduction through modified atmosphere packaging–

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) from food loss and waste (FLW) act as a major hindrance to achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 13. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) can reduce the FLW of packaged fruits and vegetables, decreasing FLW-related GHGs. This study assessed the influence of food waste reduction (FWR) via MAP on the environmental load of the spinach life cycle. Particularly, we introduced a novel model to estimate the environmental loads of the life cycle. Additionally, we employed the model for the life cycles of strawberries and peaches to verify the suitability of the model to other product's life cycles. Furthermore, we assessed the trade-offs between the increase in the environmental loads attributed to MAP production and the decrease in the environmental loads of the spinach life cycle via FWR. FWR via MAP decreased the environmental loads of the spinach supply chain by 45.2 % compared to the waste reduction via oriented polypropylene packaging, although MAP increased the environmental loads for packaging production. Further, the proposed model could suitably predict the environmental loads of the life cycles of spinach and other products, irrespective of the packaging conditions (film, box, or tray), thereby contributing to environmentally sustainable improvements in future food-packaging systems.

Charting the digital route to net-zero: A framework for sustainable industry practices

This study investigates the application of a comprehensive framework for implementing digital strategies towards achieving net-zero emissions in Spanish manufacturing firms. It explores the adoption of digitally enabled and digital-first strategies in 354 medium-sized companies, utilizing Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies to augment and reinvent environmental management practices. Digitally enabled strategies are found to be prevalent, optimizing existing processes through IoT for resource conservation and predictive maintenance. A modest yet growing number of firms adopt digital-first strategies, integrating AI to create innovative pathways for energy use optimization and waste reduction. However, a subset of firms remains reliant on traditional methods, indicating significant potential for digital integration. The paper highlights the strategic importance of digital tools in enhancing operational efficiencies and developing new, inherently sustainable business models. It emphasizes the need for an integrated approach that combines the strengths of digital innovation with traditional management to drive the industry towards a sustainable and net-zero future. The framework provides a nuanced classification of digital strategies and their contribution to net-zero objectives, offering insights into the effectiveness of these practices across various industrial sectors

Thermal environment and waste heat recovery of high-radiant heat workshop

The high temperature of the high radiant heat reservoir workshop, the poor working environment of workers, and the long-term heat stress will hinder the brain power and cardiac function, which is an important environmental factor that causes unsafe behavior, and the waste heat loss in the workshop is serious. Taking the heat reservoir power of 10kW as the research object, the role of heat shield under different water flow conditions in the waste heat recovery and reduction of workshop temperature was analyzed. The results show that when the mass flow rate of cooling water is 0.7kg/s, the average indoor temperature is 22.39°C, the cooling range is 39.14%, and the waste heat recovery efficiency is 84.4%, and the heat recovery effect is obvious. At the same time, the fitting relationship between outlet water flow and water temperature is obtained. The research results can provide a reference for the improvement of the thermal environment and waste heat recovery and utilization of the actual high-radiation heat workshop.

Electrifying waste textiles: Transforming fabric scraps into high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators for biomechanical energy harvesting

Textiles are an integral part of daily life globally, but their widespread use leads to significant waste generation. Repurposing these discarded fabrics for energy harvesting offers a sustainable solution to both energy demand and textile waste management. In this study, Textile-based Triboelectric Nanogenerators (T-TENGs) were developed using recycled cloth as tribopositive layers and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film as the tribonegative layer, with aluminum foil tape serving as electrodes. Five different recycled textiles were evaluated, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis revealed a correlation between yarn structure and carbon content, leading to enhanced triboelectric performance. Silk-based TENG (S-TENG) demonstrated the highest output, with 320.76 V and 8.73 µA, while exhibiting stable performance over 10,000 cycles. Practical applications were explored by integrating T-TENGs into shoe insoles for energy harvesting during walking and jumping, with rayon-based TENG generating up to 208.52 V on a PVC coil mat. This work highlights the dual benefits of waste reduction and sustainable energy applications, making a compelling case for advanced technologies where recycled textiles function as frictional materials to harvest mechanical energy from human motion and convert it into electrical energy for use in flexible sensors and wearable devices.

Role of AI in reducing global Plastics use: Predictive analytics for global sustainability

The growth, from a global perspective, in plastic waste sees its necessary promise in Artificial Intelligence. The driving force of Machine Learning, Computer Vision, and Predictive Analytics, shapes each style of waste management and effective collection routes to recycling. In this paper, therefore, the discussion will be on how AI can ensure a reduction in plastic waste, focusing on developing countries such as Nigeria. The theoretical underpinning of this research is on AI adoption, the Technology Acceptance Model, a few real-world case studies in AI for waste reduction, and many challenges that need to be focused on due to issues of data sparsity, infrastructure limitations, and ethics. Using these challenges for unlocking the full potential of AI in the direction of a more sustainable future, with minimal plastic waste at the forefront of environmental well-being, could be better negotiated. As the global community faces the pressing need to tackle plastic pollution, especially in areas with inadequate waste management systems and severe environmental challenges AI technologies present groundbreaking solutions to improve waste management methods, eliminate environmental harm, and foster sustainable growth. A crucial factor influencing the future of AI-driven plastic waste reduction in developing countries is the ongoing progress and implementation of AI technologies.

Application of circular economy principles to midstream infrastructural sector: A review of strategies for waste minimization and recycling

Circular economy in midstream operations promotes resource reuse, waste reduction, and sustainable pipeline life cycle management. The transition toward a sustainable oil and gas industry needs to be enabled through the adoption of this concept, especially in the midstream sector, where environmental impact is high. This review focuses on practices in the waste minimization and recycling strategy of midstream infrastructure, including material recycling, reuse of processing debris and the conversion of waste into valuables. It underlines potential lifecycle environmental savings and resource efficiency, besides emphasizing on how innovative approaches are important in mitigating the ecological footprint of midstream activities. It also points out the knowledge gaps on practical integration of the circular economy principles within this very industry and came up with actionable recommendations for industry stakeholders. Through the analysis of the most recent published literatures and case studies of successful implementation, it has been indicated that many companies that use these techniques have succeeded in reducing waste output by over 30%. Conclusively, full scrutiny by this review has helped to attain a holistic approach towards sustainability in the oil and gas industry through wider adoption of recycling and sustainable practices in midstream operations.

Sustainable supply chain management in U.S. healthcare: Strategies for reducing environmental impact without compromising access

The U.S. healthcare sector’s supply chain operations are responsible for about 8.5% of all national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In healthcare, traditional supply chain management has focused on cost efficiency to the detriment of environmental considerations leading to higher emissions, waste, and resource depletion. The focus of this study is to investigate strategies for making sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) in the U.S. healthcare system, while reducing environmental impact at minimal cost to patient care quality. The objectives of the study are to evaluate the current state of healthcare supply chains, explore sustainable practices, evaluate emerging technologies, propose an SSCM implementation framework, and explore policy implications. Sustainable supply chain management can be achieved by forming the key strategies: comprehensive waste reduction and recycling programs, adoption of energy efficient transportation and storage solutions, green energy sourcing, and use of data driven inventory management that would help optimize inventory, along with other technologies like blockchain, IoT and artificial intelligence that could achieve transparency and efficiency. The research wouldn't go into specific case studies but would likely look at institutions that have already been able to implement these practices. The findings indicate that considerable environmental footprint reduction of the U.S. healthcare sector is possible without sacrificing access to high quality care through adoption of SSCM practices. But it requires joint efforts from policymakers, healthcare providers and industry partners. The long-term goal is a sustainable, resilient healthcare system that will integrate environmental stewardship with high quality care, that will help mitigate climate change and acknowledge the interdependence of environmental and human health.

Redesigning quick commerce fresh and short food supply chains: circular economy strategies for sustainable last-mile operations

PurposeFresh and short food supply chains in grocery quick commerce (q-grocery FSFSCs), while valued for swift delivery, face challenges in sustainability, resource efficiency and scalability. This study aims to redesign the last mile of q-grocery FSFSCs by identifying and validating a framework of applicable circular economy (CE) practices. Furthermore, the study assesses the impact of these practices across various sustainability dimensions to understand their level of contribution to sustainable livelihoods and supply chain resilience.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs a multi-phase approach. First, an integrative literature review identifies CE practices and strategies. Second, a survey gathers data on the relationship between these practices and strategies and their impact on sustainability. Third, the framework is validated using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method in WarpPLS 8.0. Finally, k-means cluster analysis in Tableau 2019.4 groups CE practices based on their impact across five sustainability dimensions: environmental, economic, social, resource efficiency and scalability.FindingsThe study validates a framework and identifies high-impact CE practices, such as waste reduction, sustainable packaging, sustainable sourcing, route optimization, sustainable processes and customer convenience. Medium-impact practices include energy efficiency, sustainable fleet, resale and redistribution and information flow. Low-impact practices cover composting, reverse logistics and appropriate storage.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings assist q-grocery companies to adopt CE practices and strategies that support sustainable livelihoods and strengthen supply chain resilience while offering policymakers guidance to promote circularity.Originality/valueThis study is unique in the exploration of the intersection of quick commerce, FSFSCs and CE principles, providing actionable insights for sustainability in the q-grocery industry.

Global Perspectives on Healthcare Waste Management and Bibliographic Mapping during the Crises of COVID-19

The lack of proper waste management of health care facilities can have a significant negative health impact on the global population. This study provides a critical view on the current state of the existing healthcare waste management practices used in healthcare facilities around the world during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak. The increasing amount of COVID-related healthcare waste was analyzed and classified to provide justification for the urgent need to develop waste management standards that ensure safe containment and diversion of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes through recycling, reuse and repurposing. The waste handling, treatment, and disposal management of healthcare waste from various COVID-infected locations such as homes, quarantine centers, camps, and hospitals have been reviewed. A total of 100 documents on COVID-19 related healthcare waste were published on the Web of Science database over the 2020-2022 period. Innovative solutions for effective waste treatment and disposal, related government policies and regulations, and literature survey supported by VOSviewer-aided detailed bibliographic analysis are presented and critically discussed. Thus, the present research output advocates for a paradigm shift towards circular economy principles in healthcare waste management, emphasizing waste reduction, recycling, and recovery, and encourages global cooperation to develop resilient, crisis-responsive waste management systems.

Household food waste reduction and leftover reuse intention: interplay of personal norms and mediating variables

Household food waste reduction and leftover reuse intention: interplay of personal norms and mediating variables

Matrizes cimentícias com o uso de resíduos de construção e demolição para redução do impacto ambiental de blocos de pavimentação

The construction industry is responsible for the intensive consumption of natural resources and the generation of large volumes of construction and demolition waste (CDW), which are often disposed of improperly. This research developed concrete blocks using recycled CDW aggregates, promoting sustainability and circular economy by reusing these materials in urban infrastructure. Waste was collected from a recycling plant over five months, selecting Brita 1, Brita 0, and Pó de Brita to compose the concrete mixes. Particle size distribution, bulk density, and specific gravity tests were performed, and blocks and specimens were molded with 100% replacement of natural aggregates by CDW. The compressive strength tests were carried out at 14 and 28 days, while the abrasion test was performed only at 28 days. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the products. The results indicated a compressive strength of 34.3 MPa at 28 days, close to the minimum required by the standard (35 MPa). XRF analysis showed a predominance of SiO₂, CaO, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, MgO, SO₃, and K₂O oxides, all within normative limits. Leaching and solubilization tests, conducted according to NBR 10005 and NBR 10006, classified the waste as non-hazardous and non-inert. This study demonstrates that using CDW in concrete block production is a viable and sustainable alternative, contributing to waste reduction, material reuse, and the development of sustainable urban infrastructure.

Assessing the Effect of Green Supply Chain Practices on Corporate Performance in Philippines

Purpose: This article evaluated how environmentally sustainable practices impact corporate outcomes. It explores green supply chain strategies like eco-friendly sourcing and waste reduction, examining their effects on financial performance and brand reputation. The study aims to help businesses understand the benefits and challenges of integrating sustainability into their supply chains. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Green supply chain practices positively impact corporate performance by enhancing efficiency, reducing costs, and improving brand reputation. Companies adopting practices like sustainable sourcing and waste reduction report better operational outcomes and increased customer loyalty. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Resource-based view (RBV), stakeholder theory, institutional theory may be used to anchor future studies on the assessing the effect of green supply chain practices on corporate performance. For practitioners, the findings underscore the importance of implementing GSCM practices as part of a long-term strategic framework. At the policy level, governments should provide incentives and subsidies for companies that adopt GSCM practices, particularly in high-impact sectors like manufacturing and textiles.

Investigating the role of brand love on brand advocacy in the local eco hijab fashion industry

Purpose The study analyzes brand love in local eco-hijab fashion (LEHF) by discussing the value of collectivism, fashion consciousness, environmental value, religiosity and brand advocacy. LEHF becomes the trend pursued by consumers, so this can create market opportunities to optimize marketing strategies. The focus on LEHF in a sustainable fashion would allow local businesses to develop local values-based companies. This study uses the value attitude-behavior model to analyze data. Design/methodology/approach This research uses a quantitative survey to obtain data. The questionnaire is spread to 300 respondents with a purposive sampling approach, especially respondents who have worn LEHF. Findings This study shows that collectivism values, fashion consciousness, environmental values and religiosity influence brand love, while brand love influences brand advocacy related to LEHF. On the other hand, consumers are the target market with a fashion consciousness to follow the trend of hijab clothes. This also shows they wear clothes to fulfill religious values while prioritizing the latest styles. Research limitations/implications Since this study focuses on LEHF, this product is only relevant to hijab fashion. This takes into account the potential of Muslim-dominated Indonesian society. The fashion category can be enlarged to include more local products in future studies. A large selection of goods may promote greater use of regional interests. Practical implications For business actors, particularly micro and medium firms that are just starting to grow to support the local hijab fashion industry company, this research has managerial implications. This presents a chance for business actors to improve the local economy and opens doors for establishing more employment possibilities. The growth of the regional hijab fashion market offers an opportunity to satisfy the demands of customers who favor regional goods. Brand love in LEHF may foster business revenue growth and help local firms compete favorably with international brands. Marketers for LEHF are anticipated to intensify their efforts to advance socialism, the environment and fashion sensibility. Additionally, LEHF marketers emphasize the importance of religiosity when promoting their products to the target population. Marketers are also aware that the study’s environment is Indonesia, which has 90% Muslim population. Marketers have an excellent opportunity to maximize this scenario. Social implications This study also had social implications. The goal of producing locally made eco-hijabs is to benefit nearby communities and the environment. This aligns with the more general objectives of ethical and sustainable fashion. Sustainable methods are used in production, such as using eco-friendly colors, water conservation and waste reduction. Sustainable manufacturing methods are designed to reduce their adverse effects on the environment and encourage ethical production. Empowerment and community engagement may be involved in the manufacturing of locally-made eco-hijabs. This can entail educating and hiring regional craftspeople or incorporating neighborhood residents in manufacturing. Originality/value The study focuses on religiosity and environmental value to further analyze its influence on LEHF. The context of the products analyzed in this study is LEHF, which prioritized local production and strengthened local wisdom through pro-environment. The study used the VAB (value, attitude, behavior) model to analyze the concept.

EDI&S SO08 A novel approach to environmentally sustainable surgical theatre by rationalising surgical instrument set – a qualitative analysis

Abstract Background The surgical theatres are a major source of hospital waste generation. The NHS has set a net zero supply chain target by 2045. This aim is supported by the RCS intercollegiate green theatre checklist to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. One key area identified in this process, that will support the net-zero target is surgical instrument tray rationalisation. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was identified as one of the most common surgical procedures performed in England. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the impact of rationalising the number of surgical instruments, enabling surgeons to drive towards net zero surgery. Method Our Trust participated in this study, in collaboration with NHS England sustainable procurement team and the innovation agency. Total 58 cholecystectomies performed across two sites, Pinderfields and Dewsbury were included in this prospective audit undertaken from January – March 2023. The surgical tray checklists were used to record the actual instrument usage and noted the redundant and supplementary instruments. This data presented to a surgical advisory group, who agreed on routine instruments and proposed removal of redundant. A green pilot tray was approved and used for cholecystectomy. Qualitative questionnaire feedback was collected from surgeons and operation theatre staff from both sites. Results The instrument use matrix revealed almost 50% instruments from the previously used major tray were never used in any of the 58 cholecystectomy surgeries performed. Subsequently, based on the use matrix data, we switched from using major tray containing 84 instruments, to a reduced size tray containing 46 instruments including re-usable metal ports. Survey results revealed tray rationalisation led to easier and faster surgery preparation, improved efficiency and a reduction in waste, thereby reducing the cost to the Trust. It was also noted that having a smaller tray means less time to count instruments during the surgical pause. Conclusion The results of tray rationalisation are very positive and have demonstrated cost savings, carbon reduction and time saved preparing for surgery and the post-operative instrument count. This pilot study has shown that by making the surgical set smaller, savings have been achieved from a reduction of slots required per machine cycle for decontamination. Tray rationalisation goes some way towards the net goal of zero carbon surgery and delivering a sustainable future.

Circular product development strategies for sustainable production and consumption based on waste valorization

PurposeThis study aims to propose guidelines for developing circular products based on waste recovery that are aligned with sustainable production and consumption.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review and case studies on circular product development were conducted. In total, 15 companies with products based on waste recovery and aligned with sustainable production and consumption goal were studied.FindingsThe results show the decisions and strategies applied at each stage of the new product development process, including the design for recycling, the use of waste as a raw material for products and the concern for reducing pollution and recovering end-of-life products.Practical implicationsThe cases studied meet the goals of efficient use of natural resources and waste reduction by preventing, reducing, recycling and reusing waste. For practitioners, a set of guidelines is proposed to help companies develop circular products based on waste recovery.Originality/valuePrevious studies have not evaluated the new product development process and circularity from the institutional theory and waste valorization perspectives.

Sustainable Practices as an Incentive to Return to Play at in an International Event

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect that the implementation of green practices in a major sport tourism event, the Badminton World Championships in Huelva (Spain), has on the future intention of similar players to return to compete in sport events. Theoretical Framework: This theme introduces the main concepts and theories underpinning the research. Green practices, perceived value, satisfaction, trust and emotions are highlighted, providing a solid basis for understanding the context of the research. Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprised a total of 400 players who attended to compete in the event were randomly selected. A confirmatory factor analysis of the model and a multigroup analysis were carried out. Data collection was carried out by means of a self-administered questionnaire in the presence of the interviewer. Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that green practices are a direct predictor of confidence, emotions and perceived value, thus influencing satisfaction and intention to attend or re-attend a similar sporting event as a player. Research implications: Implementing green practices can be an effective strategy to improve participant satisfaction and confidence, which in turn can increase intentions to return to compete in future events. Organisers, federations, and sport tourism managers should consider including measures that promote environmental sustainability, such as waste reduction, efficient use of resources, and promotion of sustainable activities among participants. Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature by understanding the impact of green practices on participants' satisfaction, confidence and intention to return to sporting events. The relevance and value of this research is evidenced by how these practices can influence the behaviour of sport tourists, filling an important gap in the existing literature on sport tourism and sustainability.

Applying Environmental Sustainability Practices in Martial Arts Sports Clubs: A Case Study of Poznan

Background: Growing environmental challenges necessitate the implementation of sustainable practices across various sectors, including sports club management. The aim of this study was to investigate environmental management practices in martial arts clubs in Poznan, Poland, with a particular focus on energy and water conservation, waste management, and the promotion of sustainable mobility. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with a group of fourteen martial arts clubs operating in Poznan. A semi-structured interview method was employed with club owners and managers, asking about their approaches to reducing energy and water consumption, waste sorting, waste reduction, and promoting sustainable transportation. Data analysis involved thematic analysis, where the practices adopted by individual clubs were compared and qualitatively assessed based on recurring themes. Results: The results indicate significant variability in approaches among the surveyed clubs. Only one club implements comprehensive solutions for energy and water conservation and four take moderate actions, while nine do not pay much attention to these issues. Similarly, only some clubs actively engage in waste sorting and waste reduction efforts, while others do not see the need for such actions. In terms of promoting sustainable transportation, some clubs encourage the use of bicycles and public transport, but the majority do not take any action in this regard. Conclusion: The study reveals that most martial arts clubs in Poznan do not prioritize sustainable environmental management practices, citing other priorities such as athlete comfort and organizational needs. Implementing more systematic pro-ecological actions in these facilities requires greater awareness and support in terms of knowledge and financial resources. These findings provide practical insights for martial arts clubs in Poznan, suggesting that by adopting more comprehensive sustainability practices, they can improve their environmental impact while enhancing their community engagement and organizational reputation.

Waste reduction decreases rat activity from peri-urban environment.

Globally, species in the genus Rattus (specifically Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus), are some of the most influential invasive taxa due to their high rates of competitive exclusion and large dietary breadth. However, the specific foraging strategies of urban-adjacent populations remain largely unknown. We examined Rattus spp. dependency on human food supplementation in a population on adjacent non-developed (or peri-urban) land. Via linear regression modeling, we measured rodent activity changes between native and invasive species before and after a decrease in human supplementation due to the COVID-19 lockdown in Santa Cruz, California, USA. We documented invasive rat activity via camera traps in normal (pre-COVID lockdown) conditions near dining halls and similar waste sources, and again under COVID lockdown conditions when sources of human supplementation were drastically decreased. After 120 trap nights we found a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in Rattus activity after the removal of human refuse, while native small mammal activity remained unchanged (p = 0.1). These results have strong conservation implications, as they support the hypothesis that proper waste management is an effective, less-invasive form of population control over conventional rodenticides.

Investigating household food waste in Indonesia: An extended norm activation model

Consumers waste significant amounts of food. Food waste presents a substantial problem for the environment, society and economy. Addressing the food waste challenge is crucial for fostering sustainable behavior and achieving the Sustainability Development Goal 12.3 agenda. Norms are a significant determinant in motivating consumers to prevent food waste and could be activated by other factors. Religiosity has the potential to influence norms related to food waste behavior. This study investigated how religiosity affects the intentions of consumers to minimize food waste. The interplay of religiosity, personal norms, subjective norms, and intention to avoid food waste was examined by the extended norm activation model. Data were obtained from Muslim consumers in Indonesia. Structural equation modeling evaluation showed that religiosity positively affects the intention to prevent food waste. The intention to avoid food waste is more closely associated with personal norms compared to subjective norms. Personal norms mediate the religiosity and food waste reduction intention relationship. Consumer awareness activates personal norms by making them feel accountable for food waste’s negative impact. These findings provide insights to stakeholders in developing policies to mitigate the food waste issue.

Briquetting of black soldier fly frass as a post-harvest stabilization strategy

ABSTRACT The production–consumption cycle needs a transition towards a circular economy where waste valorization is included. This study investigated briquetting as a stabilization method for black soldier fly frass (BSFF) with faecal matter, pig manure, and poultry manure as the larvae feed. Herein, dried BSFF was pyrolyzed at 350 °C for 2 h to produce biochar then mixed with charcoal dust in equal ratio to produce biobriquettes through densification, with cassava gel (10 wt%) as binder. One-way ANOVA showed statistical significance in carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen. There were significant differences (p &amp;lt; 0.05) between the calorific value, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and fixed carbon of the briquettes. The fixed carbon, volatile matter, moisture, and ash content ranged from 29.66 ± 0.86 to 42.01 ± 0.92, 29.26 ± 0.52 to 32.59 ± 0.80, 2.95 ± 0.1 to 5.08 ± 0.04, and 21.48 ± 0.14 to 37.20 ± 0.29, respectively. The calorific value of the produced briquettes ranged from 16.25 ± 0.57 to 20.70 ± 0.53 MJ/kg, which exceeds the minimum requirement of 14.5 MJ/kg recommended for non-woody briquettes. During combustion, concentrations of NOx, N2O, CO, and CO2 varied significantly across the treatments with the acacia charcoal having the highest concentration of CO. Briquetting is a potential stabilization method for frass resulting in waste reduction, bioenergy production, reduced adverse effects of climate change, and enhanced sustainability.