Red Varieties Research Articles

Productivity of clover varieties in the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region

The selection of highly productive varieties is one way to increase crop yield, including red clover. New varieties should be specialised for the type of use and resistant to limiting environmental factors. The research aims to evaluate varieties of red clover of Russian and foreign breeding in terms of fodder and seed production in the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region. The studies were carried out in 2019–2021. on soddy medium podzolic medium loamy soil in the forest-meadow zone of the Udmurt Republic. The meteorological conditions of the growing seasons in the years of research were different: 2019 - waterlogged Hydrothermal Coefficient (HTC) - 1.73), 2020 - slightly dry (HTC - 1.04), 2021 - dry (HTC - 0, 78), incl. in May and June significant dryness was noted (HTC - 0.42 and 0.52, respectively). Clover varieties reached mowing ripe in 56–61 days. Varieties Metis, Milena and Blizard stood out on average for two years of using red clover herbage in terms of yield (5.3–5.7 t/ha of dry weight). The increase in foliage up to 44–55% to 4.9–6.2 g (mass of one stem) contributed to high yields in these varieties. The dry matter of red clover varieties contained 0.3–0.7% phosphorus, 1.2–2.4% potassium and 0.5–1.1% calcium. The highest yield of metabolic energy (49.6 and 51.4 GJ/ha), digestible protein (0.60 and 0.65 t/ha) and feed units (3.87 and 3.89 thousand units/ha) were noted in varieties Dayana and Milena. The seed productivity of red clover varieties was 155–246 kg/ha. The highest (225–246 kg/ha) was observed in types Dayana, Krynia, VIK-77, and Ganymed. The yield of varieties Milena and Metis (198 and 205 kg/ha, respectively) was at the level of the standard array.

EFFECTS OF BULB SIZE, DEPTH OF STORAGE AND BULB ORIENTATION ON STORAGE LOSS OF ONION (Allium cepa L.)

Onion is a major crop grown in northern Nigeria. It is popular for its nutritional and medicinal benefits worldwide. However, a lot of postharvest losses occurs especially during the storage of onion. This work was carried out to investigate the effects of bulb size, depth of storage and bulb orientation on physiological weight loss, sprouting and rotting of onion (red creole variety) in the modified IAR open rack onion storage structure for a sampling period of three months. A Complete Randomized Design (CRD) Anova was employed. Data were collected for a sampling period of 12 weeks and analysed using the Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) at 1% and 5% significant levels. Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used for the mean separation of the significant variables. The results obtained showed that the total weight loss of onions during the sampling period was 19.6%. Bulb orientation had a major effect on sprouting and physiological weight loss. Medium bulb sizes of (5 – 7cm Major Diameter) were better suited for storage.

Kajian Pemanfaatan Pupuk Organik Rumput Laut Terhadap Produksi Dua Varietas Bayam (Amaranthus sp.)

Spinach is one of the most important needs for humans, but spinach production in Indonesia has decreased from year to year, so it needs improvement in terms of cultivation technology. The purpose of this study was to analyze the interaction between varieties of spinach and the dose of organic seaweed fertilizer on spinach production; analyzed the dose of organic seaweed fertilizer on spinach production and analyzed the effect of spinach varieties on spinach production. This study was arranged in a factorial randomized block design (RBD), which consisted of two factors, the first factor was the variety of spinach (b) which consisted of two levels, namely green spinach variety Giti Hijau (b1) and red spinach variety Giti Merah (b2), the second factor is the dose of organic fertilizer (d) which consists of 4 levels, namely control (d0), 2 mL/L water (d1), 3 mL/L water (d2), 4 mL/L water (d3). The treatment was divided into 3 blocks as repetition. Data analysis used ANOVA and follow-up test with a DMRT level of 5%. The results showed that the variety of spinach had a significant effect on plant height from 3 to 5 WAP, the number of leaves at 2 WAP and 3 WAP, and the fresh weight of spinach. Fertilizer dosage did not significantly affect plant height, number of leaves, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight of plants . There was no interaction between spinach varieties and doses of organic seaweed fertilizer on all growth parameters and production of spinach.

Influence of climatic conditions on ripening and the phenolic content of grapes from Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamza and Rubin red vine varieties

During the period 2021-2022, the dynamics of ripening and the phenolic content of grapes from the varieties Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamza and Rubin, grown in the region of the town of Pleven, were studied. The changes in the meteorological indicators throughout the vegetation period were monitored. During the winter months, significantly low temperatures for the vine plant growth were not registered in the region. The onset of the vines’ vegetative development was in the middle (2021) or the early (2022) April. During the grapes ripening period, the dynamics of sugars and total acids were monitored. The Rubin variety showed the fastest sugar accumulation while maintaining a relatively high acidity rate. The Gamza and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties were later ripening and revealed a gradual increase in sugars and a decrease in total acids. The highest sugar accumulation in the Rubin and Gamza varieties was found in 2021, while for Cabernet Sauvignon - in the grapes from the 2022 harvest. Both the weather conditions during the year and the varietal characteristics, specifics and potential had an impact on the phenolic content in the structural elements of the cluster. The varieties had different reserves of total, flavonoid and non-flavonoid phenolic compounds, which increased in the order of berries < skins < rachis < seeds. The Rubin variety had the highest values of the studied phenolic components, followed by Cabernet Sauvignon, and the lowest were in Gamza. The anthocyanin content of the varieties changed in the same sequence. In all three varieties, the anthocyanin content in the skins was significantly higher compared to the berries.

Assessment of Bioactive Profile of Sorghum Brans under the Effect of Growing Conditions and Nitrogen Fertilization

Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench is an increasingly important crop grown in many countries as a food source due to its excellent nutritional value, drought and pest resistance, and gluten-free properties. In this study, the bioactive profiles and antioxidant potentials of brans of six sorghum varieties were evaluated using spectrophotometric methods. The effects of weather and environmental conditions and different nitrogen nutrition were also evaluated. The bran of red varieties contained a higher amount of polyphenols and tannins and exhibited higher antioxidant capacities than the bran of white varieties, with the exception of one red genotype. The highest total polyphenol contents were measured in samples from two red varieties (Zádor, Alföldi1) with 1084.52 ± 57.92 mg 100 g−1 GAE and 1802.51 ± 121.13 mg 100 g−1 GAE values, respectively, while condensed tannin content varied between 0.50 mg g−1 and 47.79 mg g−1 in sorghum brans. Red varieties showed higher antioxidant activities/capacities with 70–281 µmol TE g−1 and 71–145 µmol TE g−1 for DPPH and TEAC. Correlation analysis showed a strong interaction between DPPH, TEAC, and the amounts of polyphenols and tannins, but not with FRAP values. In conclusion, red-colored varieties are a good source of polyphenols, but seed color alone is not enough to determine the nutritional value of a genotype, and the environmental conditions greatly affect the bioactive profile of sorghum.

Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters in Two Winegrapes Varieties after Foliar Application of ZnSO4 and ZnO.

One-third of the world's population is suffering from "hidden hunger" due to micronutrient deficiency. Zinc is acquired through diet, leading its deficiency to the development of disorders such as retarded growth, anorexia, infections, and hypogeusia. Accordingly, this study aimed to develop an agronomic workflow for Zn biofortification on two red winegrapes varieties (cv. Castelão and Syrah) and determine the physicochemical implications for winemaking. Both varieties produced in Setúbal (Portugal) were submitted to four foliar applications of ZnSO4 or ZnO (900 and 1350 g ha-1, respectively), during the production cycle. At harvest, Zn biofortification reached a 4.3- and 2.3-fold increase with ZnO 1350 g ha-1 in Castelão and Syrah, respectively (although, with ZnSO4 1350 g ha-1 both varieties revealed an increase in Zn concentration). On a physiological basis, lower values of NDVI were found in the biofortified grapes, although not reflected in photosynthetic parameters with cv. Syrah shows even a potential benefit with the use of Zn fertilizers. Regarding physical and chemical parameters (density, total soluble solids, dry weight, and color), relative to the control no significant changes in both varieties were observed, being suitable for winemaking. It was concluded that ZnSO4 and ZnO foliar fertilization efficiently increased Zn concentration on both varieties without a negative impact on quality, but cv. Castelão showed a better index of Zn biofortification and pointed to a potentially higher quality for winemaking.

Effectiveness of NPK Fermentation From Various Types of Plant Waste on the Growth and Production of Several Red Onion Varieties

Shallot is a horticultural commodity that has good market prospects because it contains high nutrition and can be used as spices and ingredients for traditional medicine. However, shallot production in Indonesia still often fluctuates and even experiences a shortage in meeting the needs of domestic consumers. To increase shallot production, this can be done through intensification efforts, namely by improving cultivation techniques, such as the use of organic fertilizers, proper fertilization, and the use of superior varieties. This study used a factorial randomized block design consisting of 2 treatment factors, namely factor I, fermented NPK ( F) consisting of 0 ml, 250 ml, 500 ml and 750 ml. Factor II was the variety (V) of the Brebes Bima variety, the Probolinggo variety and the Nganjuk variety. The parameters of plant observation were: plant height (cm) and production per plot (g). The data analysis method was a factorial randomized block design (RBD). The results showed that the application of fermented NPK and the use of varieties had a very significant effect on the parameters of plant height (cm) and production per plot (g).

Quantification of total polyphenols, antioxidants, anthocyanins and secondary metabolites by UPLC VION IMS QTOF MS/MS analysis in green and red lettuce cultivars

Lettuce is an important leafy vegetable and an excellent source of phytochemicals in human diets. However, the metabolic levels in different green and red type lettuce varieties are not fully explored. Therefore, it is important to explore and identify the selected health promoting secondary metabolites in green and red type lettuce varieties with having different phenotypic characteristics. In this study, we explored the selected secondary metabolites, total polyphenol, antioxidants activities, total flavonoids and anthocyanin contents in 32 lettuce varieties of green and red color. The results showed that green and red type lettuce varieties showed a significant difference in lactupicrin, chlorogenic acid, caffeoylmalic acid, syringic acid and quercetin 3-D-galactoside. Selected metabolites showed a significant variation in green and red type lettuce varieties depends upon different color and phenotypic characteristics. Total flavonoids and anthocyanin contents were found more in red type lettuce varieties while the total polyphenols and total antioxidants were found significantly higher in green type lettuce varieties. Tentative identified 78 metabolites with online databases, the published literature and standards including phenolic acid, flavonoids and glycosylated flavonoids. The metabolomic profiling was present at significantly difference in green and red type lettuce varieties which suggested the significant variation between green and red type lettuce varieties to secondary metabolism. This study provides a selection of lettuce varieties for further studies on the basis of color and phenotypic characteristics for improving the nutritional value, quality and yield of lettuce.

The preventive role of the red gingeng ginsenoside Rg3 in the treatment of lung tumorigenesis induced by benzo(a)pyrene

Red ginseng has been used in traditional medicine for centuries in Asia. In this study, we evaluated four types of red ginseng grown in different areas (Chinese red ginseng, Korean red ginseng A, Korean red ginseng B, and Korean red ginseng C) for their ability to inhibit lung tumor formation and growth induced by the carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) in A/J mice and found that Korean red ginseng B was the most effective at lowering the tumor load among the four red ginseng varieties. Moreover, we analyzed the levels of various ginsenosides (Rg1, Re, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Rb1, Rh1, Rd, Rg3, Rh2, F1, Rk1, and Rg5) in four kinds of red ginseng extract and found that Korean red ginseng B had the highest level of ginsenoside Rg3 (G-Rg3), which suggested that G-Rg3 may play an important role in its therapeutic efficacy. This work revealed that the bioavailability of G-Rg3 was relatively poor. However, when G-Rg3 was coadministered with verapamil, a P-glycoprotein inhibitor, the G-Rg3 efflux in Caco-2 cells was lowered, the small intestinal absorption rate of G-Rg3 in the rat models was increased, the concentration levels of G-Rg3 were elevated in the intestine and plasma, and its tumor-preventive abilities in the tumorigenesis rat model induced by B(a)P were also augmented. We also found that G-Rg3 reduced B(a)P-induced cytotoxicity and DNA adduct formation in human lung cells and rescued phase II enzyme expression and activity through Nrf2 pathways, which may be the potential mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of G-Rg3 on lung tumorigenesis. Our study showed a potentially vital role of G-Rg3 in targeting lung tumors in murine models. The oral bioavailability of this ginsenoside was augmented by targeting P-glycoprotein, which allowed the molecule to exert its anticancer effects.

Mycobiota of Mexican Maize Landraces with Auxin-Producing Yeasts That Improve Plant Growth and Root Development.

Compared to agrochemicals, bioinoculants based on plant microbiomes are a sustainable option for increasing crop yields and soil fertility. From the Mexican maize landrace "Raza cónico" (red and blue varieties), we identified yeasts and evaluated in vitro their ability to promote plant growth. Auxin production was detected from yeast isolates and confirmed using Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Inoculation tests were performed on maize, and morphological parameters were measured. Eighty-seven yeast strains were obtained (50 from blue corn and 37 from red corn). These were associated with three families of Ascomycota (Dothideaceae, Debaryomycetaceae, and Metschnikowiaceae) and five families of Basidiomycota (Sporidiobolaceae, Filobasidiaceae, Piskurozymaceae, Tremellaceae, and Rhynchogastremataceae), and, in turn, distributed in 10 genera (Clavispora, Rhodotorula, Papiliotrema, Candida, Suhomyces, Soliccocozyma, Saitozyma Holtermaniella, Naganishia, and Aeurobasidium). We identified strains that solubilized phosphate and produced siderophores, proteases, pectinases, and cellulases but did not produce amylases. Solicoccozyma sp. RY31, C. lusitaniae Y11, R. glutinis Y23, and Naganishia sp. Y52 produced auxins from L-Trp (11.9-52 µg/mL) and root exudates (1.3-22.5 µg/mL). Furthermore, they stimulated the root development of A. thaliana. Inoculation of auxin-producing yeasts caused a 1.5-fold increase in maize plant height, fresh weight, and root length compared to uninoculated controls. Overall, maize landraces harbor plant growth-promoting yeasts and have the potential for use as agricultural biofertilizers.

Impact of leaf removal as a source of stresses on grapevine yields, chemical characteristics, and anthocyanin content in the grapevine variety Babica

AbstractLeaf removal (LR) treatments improve the photosynthetic capacity of the remaining leaves and induce flavonoid synthesis as a stress response in the common grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). However, excessive exposure of grape berries to UV‐B radiation as a result of cultural practices in the Mediterranean climate may have negative effects on berry composition. This 2‐year study determined the effects of defoliation on the autochthonous red grape variety ‘Babica’ in a Mediterranean climate (wine‐growing region Dalmatia, Croatia). Six leaves were removed before flowering (FLR) and at the end of véraison (the onset of grape ripening; VerLR) and were compared to the untreated control. Yield parameters, sugar content, grape must pH, total polyphenols (TP), total anthocyanin (TA) content, and individual anthocyanin compounds were measured in grape skin extracts and wines. However, the greater mean daily temperature during the vegetation period and lesser rainfall before harvest in 2018 increased yield per vine, average cluster weights, density, and total acidity, compared to 2017. Both defoliation treatments significantly reduced TP in grape extracts, but these differences were not observed in wine. Compared to the control (NLR), VerLR treatment significantly reduced TA in grape skin extracts and wine. Significantly lesser TP concentrations, in grape skin extracts and wine, as well as TA were noticed during the 2017 season. VerLR treatment reduced the concentration of nine individual anthocyanins compared to the control in grape skin extracts, while this effect was not observed in wine. Season year was a statistically significant source of variability of the individual anthocyanin contents in wine. Under specific environmental conditions LR can decrease polyphenols, especially anthocyanins, and negatively impact grape and wine quality.

Vine Foliar Treatments at Veraison and Post-Veraison with Methyl Jasmonate Enhanced Aromatic, Phenolic and Nitrogen Composition of Tempranillo Blanco Grapes.

Methyl jasmonate (MeJ) is an elicitor that, when applied in the vineyard, can improve grape quality. There are several studies about the MeJ influence on red grape varieties; however, to our knowledge, there is little information about white grape varieties, specifically Tempranillo Blanco. Therefore, the aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of MeJ foliar treatments, carried out at veraison and post-veraison, on the aromatic, phenolic and nitrogen composition of Tempranillo Blanco grapes. The results showed that grape volatile compounds content increased after MeJ application, especially terpenoids, C13 norisoprenoids, benzenoids and alcohols, and, in general, mainly at post-veraison. Regarding phenolic and nitrogen compounds, their concentrations were enhanced after MeJ treatments, regardless of application time. Consequently, MeJ treatment improved grape volatile, phenolic and nitrogen composition, particularly when this elicitor was applied post-veraison. Therefore, this is a good and easy tool to modulate white grape quality.

Oenological potential of local and new selection grape varieties

Currently, in the Republic of Moldova the assortment of red wine grape varieties is dominated by the classic French varieties. In recent decades, however, there has been a growing interest in red wines produced from local varieties. This research shows the oenological potential of the local red wine grape varieties Negru de Causeni and Copceac and the new selection variety Codrinschii, while the local grape variety Feteasca Neagra was selected as a control one. The dynamics of the maceration-fermentation process and the accumulation of the phenolic complex and the oenological potential of the produced dry red wines were studied. Physical-chemical indices of the experimental red wines were identified, including organic acids, phenolic complex, and monomeric anthocyanins content. The research allowed to establish the prospect of producing dry red wines rich in phenolic and coloring substances from Copceac and Codrinschii grape varieties.

The effect of organic fertilizer application in growing amarant (amaranthus) plant

The world’s population is increasing by an average of 80 million people per year, in 2025 there will be 8 billion people on the planet. The population of the Republic of Uzbekistan is increasing by 650-670 thousand people per year, it will reach 47 million by 2026. This research was aimed at developing a scientifically based system of organic fertilizers in the cultivation of ecologically clean high-grain crops from white and red amaranth varieties of the amaranth plant in the organic farming method. The results showed that According to the results of the phenological observation of the plants, the germination of white amaranth in the control (without fertilizer) option was 82.4%, and it was determined that it was 95.1% in the option of applying 5.0 tons of biohumus per hectare, and 90.9% in the option of applying 20.0 tons of organic fertilizer (manure) per hectare.

Effect of Pruning on Morphological and Biochemical Characteristics of Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)

The objectives of this study were to determine whether bud pruning severity impacts some pomological traits of white and red varieties of table grapes. Vine canes were pruned to 3 or 6 buds in 12-year-old vines in conventional systems. Results revealed that number of bunches, bunch weight, bunch width, number of shot berries, and berries per bunch was significantly (p<0.05) affected by the bud pruning, whereas bud pruning had no significant effect on bunch length. In general, moderate bud pruning can enhance the nutritional quality of table grapes.

Influence of non-irrigation and seasonality on wine colour, phenolic composition and sensory quality of a grapevine (<i>Vitis vinifera</i> cv. Callet) in a Mediterranean climate

Most vineyards in Mediterranean areas are cultivated using a training system and drip irrigation. However, the increasing risk of water deficit stress due to global warming will mean that viticulture need to adapt to a tougher water-saving policy. Thus, we investigated the effects of total suppression of irrigation on a grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Callet) and the phenolic composition and sensory quality of this native red variety wine from the Balearic Islands over three seasons. Significant yield reductions of up to 15.6 %, 17.2 % and 22.2 % were observed in non-irrigated (NI) plants in 2016, 2017 and 2018 respectively, compared to irrigated plants (I); however, wine quality parameters improved. In the years with the highest rainfall (715 mm in 2016 and 799 mm in 2017), NI favoured the enrichment of sugars, anthocyanins and phenolic compounds in the wine and enhanced the development of aromatic components. However, with lower rainfall (524 mm in 2018), the NI treatment appeared to diminish the quality of the wine, particularly affecting the global sensory quality of the wines. Thus, development of specific water strategies tailored to the vineyard, year, vintage and grape variety may regulate the phenolic composition of red wines to meet production goals and reduce total water consumption.

Varieties and antioxidant indices of red currant of Chelyabinsk breeding in the conditions of the Middle Urals

The unique scientific installation of the collection of live plants in the open ground "Gene pool of fruit, berry and ornamental crops in the Middle Urals" at the Sverdlovsk Breeding Station of Horticulture has about 2 thousand varieties and 80 thousand hybrids of fruit and berry crops, of which 45 varieties are red currant. The article presents the results of study of 10 red currant varieties of the South-Ural Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture and Potatoes in the conditions of the Sverdlovsk Region (Middle Urals). The prevailing weather conditions during the research period (2019-2022) affected the timing of the passage of the phenological phases of red currant varieties. In 2019 the beginning of bud break was noted from the 20th of April to the 25th of April, the beginning of flowering ‒ from the 5th of May to the 20th of May. In 2020-2021, the beginning of bud break was observed from April, 18th to April, 25th; the beginning of flowering ‒ from May, 8th to May, 13th. The beginning of ripening of berries in 2020 fell on the period from July, 14th to July, 16th; in 2021 ‒ from July, 6th to July, 8th. In 2022, the beginning of bud break was recorded from April, 26th to May, 1st, the beginning of flowering ‒ from May, 16th to May, 18th, the beginning of ripening ‒ from July, 16th to July, 18th. The shift in the dates of the onset of the main phases of vegetation can reach 10 days from the average long-term values. Preliminary results of a collection study of varieties of Chelyabinsk breeding have been obtained. On average, over 3 years of fruiting, the highest productivity was noted on the varieties Jota and Ogni Urala ‒ 1.07 kg/bush. The highest mass of berries was noted in the varieties Kapitalina, Jota, Il'inka, Beta: average ‒ 0.6...0.7 g, maximum ‒ 1.0...2.0 g. The varieties Jota, Al'fa, Alaya zor'ka, Kapitalina, Luchezarnaya, Beta, Epsilon differed in dessert taste. The highest content of antioxidants in red currant berries was found in varieties Luchezarnaya, Il'inka, Epsilon ‒ 10.99…12.65 mmol/dm3 eq.

How terroir shapes aromatic typicity in grapes and wines (Part II)

Over the past decades, great progress has been accomplished in the understanding of the molecular basis of aromas in grapes and wines. These aromas depend on the grapevine variety, but also on environmental factors involved in the so-called « terroir » effect. In the first part of this review, it was shown how the terroir effect can be decomposed in measurable climate and soil parameters, namely air temperature, radiation, nitrogen and water status. Their impact on aromas and wine typicity is well documented in the scientific literature. In the second part of this review, examples are provided about the terroir effect for three major red varieties (Merlot, Cabernet-Sauvignon and Syrah) and two white varieties (Sauvignon blanc and Riesling). How wine aromas can be optimized through vineyard management practices is also discussed.

RNA-Seq Based Transcriptomic Analysis of Bud Sport Skin Color in Grape Berries

The most common bud sport trait in grapevines is the change in color of grape berry skin, and the color of grapes is mainly developed by the composition and accumulation of anthocyanins. Many studies have shown that MYBA is a key gene regulates the initiation of bud sport color and anthocyanin synthesis in grape peels. In the current study, we used berry skins of ‘Italia’, ‘Benitaka’, ‘Muscat of Alexandria’, ‘Flame Muscat’, ‘Rosario Bianco’, ‘Rosario Rosso’, and ‘Red Rosario’ at the véraison stage (10 weeks post-flowering and 11 weeks post-flowering) as research materials. The relative expressions of genes related to grape berry bud sport skin color were evaluated utilizing RNA-Seq technology. The results revealed that the expressions of the VvMYBA1/A2 gene in the three red grape varieties at the véraison stage were higher than in the three white grape varieties. The VvMYBA1/A2 gene is known to be associated with UFGT in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway. According to the results, VvMYBA1/A2 gene expression could also be associated with the expression of LDOX. In addition, a single gene (gene ID: Vitvi19g01871) displayed the highest expressions in all the samples at the véraison stage for the six varieties. The expression of this gene was much higher in the three green varieties compared to the three red ones. GO molecular function annotation identified it as a putative metallothionein-like protein with the ability to regulate the binding of copper ions to zinc ions and the role of maintaining the internal stable state of copper ions at the cellular level. High expression levels of this screened gene may play an important role in bud sport color of grape berry skin at the véraison stage.

Management of Vegetable Leaf Miner, Liriomyza Spp., (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Vegetable Crops

Vegetables are considered high value crops based on their growing areas and productivity, even if they are affected by a variety of insect pests throughout the whole growing season. Leaf miner is an immature of an insect that lives inside and consumes the leaf tissues of vegetable plants. Adult females of leaf miner puncture the leaf with their ovipositor, forming tube pattern, and feed on the punctured parts. Host plants survey of leaf miner in Multan (Pakistan) area was conducted. Twenty host plants were found in 2017, whereas twenty-four host plants were found infested with Liriomyza spp. (Diptera) in 2022 i.e., watermelon (24% infestation), long melon (75%), pumpkin (71%), round gourd (67%), snake melon (70%), bitter gourd (50%), long gourd (89%), bottle gourd (93%), pointed gourd (80%), snap gourd (86%), ridge gourd (83%), cucumber (98%), mung bean (98%), eggplant (60%), Petunia alba (88%), Zinnia elegies (30%), cotton (10%), okra (5%), berseem (7%), tomato (89%), Pea (52%) and Canola (28%). No infestation of leaf miners was observed on potato, chilies, and sweet potatoes. Color attraction results in 2017 and 2022 showed that there was maximum attraction of tomato leaf miner towards yellow sticky cards as compared to blue sticky cards. Varietal preference of tomato crop showed that Baby red variety was the most preferred by leaf miner (Liriomyza spp.), and comparatively Sehar was the least preferred variety. Field efficacy of four different insecticides against leaf miner were also tested. Insecticidal effects attributed as percent reduction of leaf miner infestation that showed the highest reduction values were observed after 7 DOA for Spinetoram (76.98%), whereas Bifenthrin (57%). Deltaphos (43 %) was the least toxic insecticide against Liriomyza spp. Integrated approaches are recommended to manage vegetable leaf miner like application of yellow sticky traps, discouraging preferred host plants, application of insecticides with novel modes of actions like spintoram and spinosad for effective management.