Red Green Research Articles

Effects of N-acetyl cysteine on mitochondrial ROS, mitochondrial dynamics, and inflammation on lipopolysaccharide-treated human apical papilla cells.

N-Acetyl cysteine (NAC), a well-known antioxidant molecule, has been used to modulate oxidative stress and inflammation. However, no studies have examined the effect of NAC in regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of NAC on cell survival, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production, and inflammatory and mitochondria-related gene expression on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated apical papilla cells (APCs). To assess the NAC concentration, 5 and 10mM NAC were administered to LPS-treated APCs. Cell proliferation was measured at 24, 48, and 72h by using AlamarBlue® assay. The 5-mM concentration was further analyzed using different treatment durations: 10min, 24h, and the entire study period. The mtROS production was quantified using MitoSOX™ Red and MitoTracker™ Green. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α inflammatory genes and mitochondrial morphology-related genes (Mfn-2/Drp-1 and Bcl-2/Bax) at 6 and 24h. The statistical significance level was set at 0.05. Five-millimolar NAC promoted the highest LPS-treated APC proliferation. The use of 24-h NAC stimulated cell proliferation, whereas the entire-period NAC application (> 48h) significantly reduced the cell number. The mtROS levels were slightly altered after NAC induction. Ten-minute NAC treatment downregulated the IL-6 and TNF-α expression, whereas the expression of Bcl-2/Bax and Mfn-2/Drp-1 ratios was upregulated at 6h. Under the LPS-induced inflammatory condition, NAC stimulated APC survival and decreased inflammation. Ten-minute NAC treatment was sufficient to reduce the level of inflammation and maintain the mitochondrial dynamics. Ten-minute NAC application is sufficient to reduce the level of inflammation and maintain the mitochondrial dynamics. Therefore, NAC may be considered as a potential adjunctive irrigation solution in REPs.

Trichoderma Biomass as an Alternative for Removal of Congo Red and Malachite Green Industrial Dyes

The present study evaluated the removal efficiency of two dyes, Congo red (CR) and malachite green (MG), using either fresh or dry fungal biomass of two species of Trichoderma (T. virens and T. viride) and activated carbon. After 24 h, the CR removal efficiency obtained with fresh biomass was higher than that obtained with activated carbon. For the MG dye, the average removal with activated carbon (99%) was higher than those obtained with dry and fresh biomass of T. viride and T. virens. Experimental results for fresh and dry fungal biomass showed a good correlation with Langmuir isotherms. The adsorption rates of CR and MG by of T. virens and T. viride can be more appropriately described using the pseudo-second-order rate. We found an adsorption capacity of 81.82 mg g−1 for T. virens with MG dye. Results show that fresh or dry biomass of T. virens can represent a simple and cost-effective alternative for removing industrial dyes such as CR and MG.

Seasonal behavior of vegetation determined by sensor on an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Geographic information systems make it possible to obtain fine scale maps for environmental monitoring from airborne sensors on aerial platforms, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which offer products with low costs and high space-time resolution. The present study assessed the performance of an UAV in the evaluation of the seasonal behavior of five vegetation coverages: Coffea spp., Eucalyptus spp., Pinus spp. and two forest remnants. For this, vegetation indices (Excess Green and Excess Red minus Green), meteorological data and moisture of surface soils were used. In addition, Sentinel-2 satellite images were used to validate these results. The highest correlations with soil moisture were found in coffee and Forest Remnant 1. The Coffea spp. had the indices with the highest correlation to the studied soil properties. However, the UAV images also provided relevant results for understanding the dynamics of forest remnants. The Excess Green index (p = 0.96) had the highest correlation coefficients for Coffea spp., while the Excess Red minus Green index was the best index for forest remnants (p = 0.75). The results confirmed that low-cost UAVs have the potential to be used as a support tool for phenological studies and can also validate satellite-derived data.

Exploiting optical chaos for double images encryption with compressive sensing and double random phase encoding

Images as a common information carrier are widely disseminated and used at present, meanwhile, image security and privacy protection are also facing severe tests. To enhance the security of images, an asymmetric double color images cryptosystem introduced optical chaos technology is proposed based on compression sensing (CS) and double random phase encoding (DRPE). It is the first time that the combination of CS, DRPE and optical chaos technology is demonstrated to the best of our knowledge. By means of the optical chaos keys generated by a constructed optical chaos model, the two color images are first decomposed into their respective Red–Green–Blue (RGB) channels, CS based on discrete wavelet transform is then performed for the first encryption. Afterwards, the second encrypion of DRPE in fractional Fourier transform domain (FrFT) with optical chaos technology is also used, and the asymmetric encryption by carrying out equal modulus decomposition (EMD) with optical chaos keys further enhance the security finally. Simulation results and security analysis confirm that the cryptosystem owns multi-layer protection and adequate resistance to brute-force attack, statistical attack, differential attack, noise attack and chosen-plaintext attack, which is efficient and capable of guaranteeing the security of images and can provide an alternative solution for image security and privacy protection.

Visualization of Autophagy Progression by a Red–Green–Blue Autophagy Sensor

Autophagy is a major degradation process of cytosolic components and misfolded proteins that is crucial for cellular homeostasis and for the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. Autophagy is initiated by the formation of phagophores, which mature to autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse to lysosomes to form autolysosomes. Different stages of autophagy can be deregulated to cause autophagy-related diseases, and thus, an accurate detection of each stage of autophagy progression is critical for efficient therapeutic strategies for these diseases. To identify the different stages of autophagy progression, here, we developed a new autophagy flux sensor, named red-green-blue-LC3 (RGB-LC3). RGB-LC3 is composed of LC3 and red-green-blue (RGB) fluorescent proteins, which were carefully chosen by considering their separate spectral profiles, stability, brightness, and most importantly different pH sensitivities. Utilizing this RGB-LC3 and the predicted pH, we could clearly identify phagophores, autophagosomes, fusion stage, early autolysosomes, and mature autolysosomes in live cells. Furthermore, the RGB-LC3 sensor was successfully applied to distinguish different effects of Aβ monomers and oligomers on autophagy flux. Therefore, we developed a new autophagy flux sensor, RGB-LC3, which may be a valuable tool to further investigate the molecular mechanisms of autophagy and to develop efficient therapeutic strategies for autophagy-related diseases.

Usefulness of autofluorescence bronchoscopy in early diagnosis of airway complications after lung transplantation

Despite the promising results achieved so far in long-term survival after lung transplantation (LuTx), airway complications (ACs) still arise in the post-operative period. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of ACs play a critical role in preventing their onset. Specifically, large bronchi ischemia has been recognized as a triggering factor for ACs. Autofluorescence bronchoscopy, which was first introduced for early cancer diagnosis, displays ischemic mucosae as red spots, while normal vascularized mucosae appear in green. The aim of this study is to investigate whether a significant correlation exists between ACs and the red/green (RG) ratio detected on scheduled autofluorescence bronchoscopy up to 1 year after LuTx. This prospective, observational, single-center cohort study initially considered patients who underwent LuTx between July 2014 and February 2016. All patients underwent concomitant white-light and autofluorescence bronchoscopy at baseline (immediately after LuTx), on POD7, POD14, POD21, POD28, POD45, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after LuTx. An autofluorescence image of the first bronchial carina distal to the anastomosis was captured and analyzed using histograms for red and green pixels; the R/G ratio was then recorded. Potential ACs were classified according according to the presence of a white-light following the MDS (macroscopic aspect, diameter and suture) criteria. The authors assessed the association between the R/G ratio and the ACs occurrence using a generalized estimating equations model. Thirty-one patients met the inclusion criteria and were therefore selected. Out of a total of 53 bronchial anastomoses, 8 developed complications (late bronchial stenosis), with an average onset time of 201 days after LuTx. ACs showed a similar baseline covariate value when compared to anastomoses that involved no complication. Generalized estimating equations regression indicated a clear association over time between the R/G ratio and the rise of complications (p = 0.023). The authors observed a significant correlation between post-anastomotic stenosis and the delayed decrease of the R/G ratio. Preliminary outcomes suggest that autofluorescence bronchoscopy may be an effective and manageable diagnostic tool, proving complementary to other instruments for early diagnosis of ACs after LuTx. Further research is needed to confirm and detail preliminary findings.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CLASSIFICATION METHODS ON HUMAN SKIN DETECTION FROM RGB AND YCBCR REPRESENTED COLOR IMAGES

Skin detection has an important place in image processing. Human-computer interaction has made this study area very popular. The most common color space used in skin detection is Red Green and Blue but RGB space can be converted into YCbCr space. Both features give strong information about the properties of the images. In this study, RGB and YCbCr spaces are used to detect human skin. The extracted features are trained by several classification methods. The obtained features are used to segment the human skin by using the chosen classification algorithm and finally, the promising performance results are presented comparatively with the most commonly used classifications methods in the literature.

Color vision assessment‐3. An efficient, two‐step, color assessment protocol

AbstractColor vision tests and multi‐test protocols in current use often fail to detect small changes in red/green (RG) and yellow/blue (YB) color vision due to poor sensitivity. The tests also have low specificity. In this study, we examine how improved understanding of within‐ and inter‐subject variability in RG and YB color vision and accurate assessment of the differences in color thresholds between the least‐sensitive, age‐matched normal trichromats, and the least‐affected deutans and protans can be used to design an efficient color vision screener (CVS) test. To achieve this objective, we examined two extensive data sets from earlier studies and carried out new experiments to provide better estimates of within‐subject variability in color thresholds and to validate the CVS test. The data sets provide essential information on inter‐subject variability, the effects of normal aging on RG and YB thresholds, and the spread in RG color thresholds in deutan and protan subjects. A statistical model was developed to optimize the parameters of the CVS test and to predict the limits of what can be achieved in color assessment. The efficiency and repeatability of the CVS test were then assessed in 84 subjects. The results match model predictions and reveal close to 100% test efficiency. The test takes between 140 and 160 seconds to complete and has close to 100% repeatability. An efficient, “two‐step” protocol based on the initial use of the CVS test followed by full color assessment in only those who fail the CVS test is also described.

Effect of physical parameters and temperature on the piezo-electric jetting behaviour of UV-curable photochromic inks

Although resource-efficient processes like inkjet printing have a large potential to foster the development of smart and functional textiles, one bottleneck still is the development of functional inks. To make inkjet printing and UV curing given production techniques for smart and functional specialty products, e.g. photochromic textiles, deepened knowledge about the development, rheological behavior and jetting behavior of functional ink is needed. This paper focuses on the formulation and performance of UV-responsive and UV-curable inkjet inks, which are based on photochromic dyes and their application to produce UV-responsive textiles. Two commercial photochromic dyes—Reversacol Ruby Red (RR) and Sea Green (SG), which represent dyes of the naphthopyran and spirooxazine class, respectively, have been used to develop the inks. The photochromic inks are characterized according to their physical–chemical and rheological properties in respect to temperature. The influence of temperature on the drop formation of the inks in an industrial print head is analyzed using a high-speed camera, which reveals important information regarding challenges in ink jettability. It was found that the dye structure and type used in the ink can influence the jetting behavior of photochromic UV-curable ink. More pronounced temperature sensitivity of dyes can increase the temperature-related effects of drop formation as was observed for SG ink. The printability of the RR and SG inks is framed and underpinned by theoretical calculations of the Z number. Discrepancies are observed and discussed between existing theory of ink jettability and visual evaluation of the photochromic ink.

Linear discriminant analysis in red sorghum using artificial intelligence

Red Sorghum landraces are predominantly cultivated in southern districts of Tamil Nadu, India and are noted for its anthocyanin (3-deoxyanthocyanin) content, high antioxidant activity, low glycemic index, dietary fiber, astringency, fodder value, high protein, biotic and abiotic stress resistance. In this study, the seeds of 72 sorghum landraces collected from Tamil Nadu were analyzed to measure morpho-colourimetric data using an image analyser. Artificial Intelligence is widely used in genetic research for its uncompromised accuracy and speed. The observed phenotypic data is used to create a statistical database and analysed by linear discriminate analysis (LDA) to identify and discriminate landraces for utilization in breeding projects. The classification is based on sorghum descriptors established by Indian Institute of Millet Research, Hyderabad. The LDA for the trait seed size had discriminated the landraces into three groups with an accuracy of 91.83%. Five groups were observed based on grain color Red Green–Blue colour space Model and CIELAB (Commission International de I’Elcairage Lightness Red/Green values Blue/Yellow values) colour space with accuracy 53.06%. The result showed that discrimination of landraces was possible with great accuracy by image analyser. The image analysis of seeds is found to be more effective, easy, non-destructive and fast method to classify landraces. This new phenomic approach is proved to be an important tool in the early selection of genotypes and facilitates speed breeding in colored sorghum.

The Effect of Using Different Light Colors on the Growth of Nanochloropsis sp

Natural feed Nannochloropsis sp. is one of the limiting factors for cultivated creatures. However, the cultivation of natural food is not yet optimal in terms of quantity, one of the efforts that can be done to optimize this is by using lights produced from sunlight to improve the quality of Nannochloropsis sp. The design in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 preparations and 3 replications. The treatments taken are the color of the white light (P1), the color of the red light (P2), Green (P3) and Blue (P4). The parameters that increase are the specific growth rate (LPS), time of doubling, growth curve, water quality. The observations obtained at the time of LPS were collected between 0.200-0.248 cells / ml / day, doubling time 2.806-3.476 then the temperature measurement results were between 30.6-32 0C pH 6.2-7.5, salinity 26-27 ppt and DO 5,7-6,7 ppm. Based on the results of analysis of variance conducted on the given color light has a real influence on the specific growth rate and time multiplication.Keywords: Light, Nannochloropsis sp., Growth

THE EFFECT OF ADDITION OF CANTHAXANTHIN IN FEED TO INCREASE THE VISUAL VIEW OF COMET FISH, Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)

One effort made to improve the color quality of comet fish is to add canthaxanthin. Canthaxanthin is a red-orange pigment found in plants, fungi, bacteria, crustaceans, sea trout, and algae. This study aims to determine the optimum dose of canthaxanthin given in feed to improve comet fish' color quality. This research is also expected to be beneficial for fish farmers related to the use of canthaxanthin to improve comet fish' color quality. This study used 5 treatments with 3 replications. This research was conducted in April-June 2019 at the Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Fisheries and Marines, University of Lampung. The parameters observed were color measurement using the Red Blue Green (RGB) method, converted into the Hue Saturation Brightness (HSB) value, color measurement by the scoring method, and water quality. The addition of canthaxanthin in diets with different doses showed the highest results in treatment C (P <0.05) on comet fish visual appearance. The results showed that the best dose in this study was the addition of canthaxanthin as much as 125 mg/kg of feed.

Guest Editors’ Introduction to the Special Issue on RGB-D Vision: Methods and Applications

The twenty-six papers in this special issue focus on Red Blue Green (RBG)-D vision, an emerging research topic in computer vision, with a number of applications in robotics, entertainment, biometrics and multimedia. Compared to 2D images and 3D data (including depth images, point clouds and meshes), RGB-D images represent both the photometric and geometric information of a scene. Moreover, low-cost consumer depth cameras (e.g., Microsoft Kinect v2, Intel Realsense, Orbbec Astra) can enable realtime applications due to their high acquisition frame-rate. In the last few years, a large number of RGB-D datasets have also been publicly released to tackle various vision tasks. Although remarkable progress has been achieved, several critical problems still remain open. The aim of this special issue is to stimulate researchers from different fields to present their state-of-the-art work, and to provide a cross-fertilization ground for discussions on the next steps in this important research area.

Effects of different light quality and biofertilizers on structural and physiological traits of spinach plants

In this work, the effects of light quality and beneficial microbes (biofertilizer) supply on structural and ecophysiological traits of spinach were investigated. Plants were grown under four light quality regimens: white light (WL), red-blue (RB), red-green (RG), and red (R) light, with or without the addition of biofertilizer. RG and R plants without biofertilizer showed morphological traits typical of shaded plants as wide leaf lamina and high photosynthetic pigment content. These plants also exhibited a higher photosynthetic capacity compared to WL and RB plants. The improved photosynthesis in RG plants was due to both morphological and physiological adjustments allowing a better utilisation of light energy, whereas in R plants it has been attributed to a reduced photorespiration rate. Biofertilizer application under WL improved plant performance enhancing photosynthesis. The high carbon gain compensates the costs of symbiosis. Biofertilizer application under R light favouring too much the microbial root colonisation, removed the benefits of symbiosis. The interaction of light quality and biofertilization significantly affects the root-microbe relationship.

IHS-GTF: A Fusion Method for Optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar Data

Optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) fusion is addressed in this paper. Intensity–Hue–Saturation (IHS) is an easily implemented fusion method and can separate Red–Green–Blue (RGB) images into three independent components; however, using this method directly for optical and SAR images fusion will cause spectral distortion. The Gradient Transfer Fusion (GTF) algorithm is proposed firstly for infrared and gray visible images fusion, which formulates image fusion as an optimization problem and keeps the radiation information and spatial details simultaneously. However, the algorithm assumes that the spatial details only come from one of the source images, which is inconsistent with the actual situation of optical and SAR images fusion. In this paper, a fusion algorithm named IHS-GTF for optical and SAR images is proposed, which combines the advantages of IHS and GTF and considers the spatial details from the both images based on pixel saliency. The proposed method was assessed by visual analysis and ten indices and was further tested by extracting impervious surface (IS) from the fused image with random forest classifier. The results show the good preservation of spatial details and spectral information by our proposed method, and the overall accuracy of IS extraction is 2% higher than that of using optical image alone. The results demonstrate the ability of the proposed method for fusing optical and SAR data effectively to generate useful data.

High-throughput phenotyping platform for analyzing drought tolerance in rice

Main conclusion A new imaging platform was constructed to analyze drought-tolerant traits of rice. Rice was used to quantify drought phenotypes through image-based parameters and analyzing tools.Climate change has increased the frequency and severity of drought, which limits crop production worldwide. Developing new cultivars with increased drought tolerance and short breeding cycles is critical. However, achieving this goal requires phenotyping a large number of breeding populations in a short time and in an accurate manner. Novel cutting-edge technologies such as those based on remote sensors are being applied to solve this problem. In this study, new technologies were applied to obtain and analyze imaging data and establish efficient screening platforms for drought tolerance in rice using the drought-tolerant mutant osphyb. Red–Green–Blue images were used to predict plant area, color, and compactness. Near-infrared imaging was used to determine the water content of rice, infrared was used to assess plant temperature, and fluorescence was used to examine photosynthesis efficiency. DroughtSpotter technology was used to determine water use efficiency, plant water loss rate, and transpiration rate. The results indicate that these methods can detect the difference between tolerant and susceptible plants, suggesting their value as high-throughput phenotyping methods for short breeding cycles as well as for functional genetic studies of tolerance to drought stress.

Up-Conversion Luminescence of Er3+/Pr3+/Yb3+ Co-doped LaNbO4 Phosphors

Er3+–Pr3+–Yb3+ co-doped LaNbO4 (LNO) phosphors were obtained by solid-state reaction and their up-conversion properties have been studied. The x-ray diffraction and Rietveld’s refinement revealed no evidence of significant structural changes or secondary phases in the synthesized materials. According to the up-conversion measurements, the observed emissions are due to Er3+ ions which are present as unintentional contaminant in the Pr3+ doped and Pr3+–Yb3+ co-doped systems. The intensity of all the bands was enhanced with increasing Yb3+ concentration, and at 8%Yb3+ a significant decrease of the green and red emissions was found due to the presence of cross-relaxation process between Er3+ and Pr3+ ions, mainly for green emissions because of the back energy transfer mechanisms from Er3+ to Yb3+. The Commission Internationale de l’eclairage color coordinates of almost all samples were located in the green region, while for the LNO: Pr 0.1%–Yb8% phosphor they were located in the blue region. Red–Green–Blue phosphors were obtained from LaNbO4: Pr3+/Er3+/Yb3+ systems using the pair of activators Pr3+/Er3+ which is not commonly investigated in the literature.

560 Saikosaponin A induces HEKa cell apoptosis via ROS generation

Background: Psoriasis is a common, chronic and noninfectious skin disease with the complex pathogenesis which is reported as excessive proliferation and aberrant apoptosis of keratinocytes. Saikosaponin A (SSA) is a kind of triterpenoid saponin extracted from Chinese traditional medicine Radix bupleuri, possessing various biological functions such as anti-inflammatory, immune regulation and anti-tumor. But the effect of SSA on keratinocytes is unclear. Objective: To explore the effect of SSA on keratinocytes and to analyze the corresponding mechanism. Methods: 1. The cell viability was detected by MTT assay and the apoptosis was examined using the annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry double staining method. Apoptosis-related protein were determined by Western blot. 2. After stimulation with SSA, DCFH-DA and JC-1 were used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential. MitoSOX Red and MitoTracker Green were used to observe generation and distribution of ROS in mitochondria by confocal laser scanning microscope; ROS-related protein was detected by Western blot. 3. Antioxidants N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC, 10mM) was added to HEKa cells 1h before SSA(20μM) treatment to identify whether SSA induced the apoptosis of HEKa cells through ROS production. Results: 1. Compared with the control group, SSA significantly inhibited the viability and induced the apoptosis of HEKa cells with changes in BCL-2 family protein levels. 2. SSA promoted ROS production of mitochondria and decreased Δψ, which caused changes in ROS-related protein levels and oxidative stress damage to cells. 3. SSA-treated HEKa cells produced more ROS, but this effect was inhibited by the antioxidants NAC. Furthermore, NAC treatment attenuated HEKa cell apoptosis and proliferation suppression of SSA. Conclusion: SSA can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of HEKa cells through ROS generation, making SSA a potential promising candidate drug for future research.

Potensi Alga Merah dan Alga Hijau untuk Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Eschericia coli

Potential of Red Algae and Green Algae to Inhibit Escherichia coli Bacteria Growth. The use of synthetic chemicals as a control for the growth of E. coli bacteria that causes of diarrhea children can cause adverse effects on health, so it needs natural control ingredients that do not cause impacts on human health. One natural controller to inhibit bacterial growth is by utilizing natural sources, including seaweed. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential of seaweed as an anti-bacterial agent of E. coli. The research used seaweed extract of Eucheuma spinosum, Euchuema cottonii, Gracilaria spp., and Caulerpa spp. The test parameters observed were the inhibition zone (mm) of each seaweed extract treatment using a ruler and measured the inhibition zone distance. The results showed that E.cottonii seaweed extract had the highest inhibitory ability with an inhibition zone diameter of 11.1 mm, including the moderately sensitive category, then Caulerpa spp. with a inhibition zone diameter of 10.0 mm, Gracilaria spp has the ability to inhibit E.coli bacteria with a inhibition zone diameter of 6.9 mm, including the insensitive category, and the lowest in seaweed E. spinosum with a inhibition zone diameter of 4.2 mm. including the insensitive category.

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Anastasis using CellTrace Far Red (CTFR) cell tracker in Cultured Mammalian T Lymphocytes

Anastasis is a cellular recovery process that rescues apoptotic cells from the brink of death. Our lab has developed a model for studying anastasis using cultured mouse HT2 lymphocytes dependent on the cytokine interleukin 2 (IL2). Within 24 hours of IL2 deprivation, HT2 cells display characteristic changes underlying apoptosis, including cellular condensation, membrane blebbing and fragmentation into apoptotic bodies, phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase 3 activation as well as G1 cell cycle arrest. HT2 cells can subsequently be rescued by adding IL2 back into the culture medium. In this study, we have used quantitative flow cytometry in conjunction with CellTrace Far Red (CTFR) and SYTOX Green (live/dead indicator) to track the kinetics of anastasis and re‐entry of viable apoptotic cells into the cell cycle. HT2 lymphocytes continuously maintained in IL2 comprised a homogeneous, viable population of CTFR+ cells which decreased in fluorescence intensity with each subsequent cell cycle for up to 96 hours post‐CTFR labelling. To investigate apoptosis reversal, HT2 cells were labeled with CTFR, deprived of IL2 for 24 hours and then rescued with IL2 re‐addition for periods of 24, 48, and 72 hours. Our findings indicate that viable, CTFR+ HT2 cells gradually resumed cell cycle entry over the 72‐hour rescue period. As caspase activation represents a cellular marker of early‐mid stage apoptotic cells, we also investigated caspase 3/7 activity in viable CTFR+ cells using the Nucview‐488 fluorescent caspase 3 substrate. Three distinct populations of caspase‐high, medium and low, viable CTFR+ HT2 cells were observed at 24 hours following IL2 deprivation. IL2‐rescued cells subsequently segregated into caspase‐high and low populations, ultimately merging into a single, caspase‐low population by 72 hours post‐rescue. Collectively, our findings suggest that CTFR tracking can be used successfully as a tool to follow the kinetics of apoptosis reversal in IL2‐dependent mouse HT2 lymphocytes, and is a promising model for the study of the mechanistic basis of anastasis.Support or Funding InformationUnion College Faculty and Student Research Grants