Recycling-based Society Research Articles

How to Evaluate Carbon Sequestration by Forests

Enhancing carbon sequestration by forests is important for mitigation of global carbon dioxide. However, it is always necessary to consider the relationship between carbon sequestration and carbon stock. Enhancing carbon sequestration and maximizing carbon stock are both important for the strategies for mitigation of carbon dioxide.Carbon sequestration rate and amount of carbon accumulation vary according to forest stand development stage, and the peak of sequestration rate and the highest level of carbon stock cannot be realized at the same time. The peak of carbon sequestration rate is fond in young stage, while highest carbon stock is found in old-growth stage. So the target stand structure for enhancing carbon sequestration should be aimed from young stage to mature stage, while that for maintaining high carbon stock should be aimed in old-growth-stage.Enhancing carbon sequestration can be realized by forest management for timber production and maintaining high carbon stock can be realized by preservation of forest ecosystems. Energy for processing materials can be reduced by using timber for materials and the consumption of fossil fuels can be reduced by using wood for energy. Using wood is important for establishing recycling-based society.

Japan vows to make a recycling-based society

The year 2000 in Japan is the inaugural year when this nation began its march towards a recycling-based society. Towards this end the The Basic Law for Establishing the Recycling-based Society was enacted. In addition, the Construction Material Recycling Act, the Food Recycling Law, and the Law on Promoting Green Purchasing were also enacted in 2000. The existing Waste Management and Public Cleaning Lawwas revised in 2000. The Container and Packaging Recycling Law and the Electric Household Appliance Recycling Law were fully enforced in 2000 and 2001, respectively. The Automobile Car Recycling bill is now being discussed in the legislature. The set of current recycling laws in Japan with their objectives is presented below:

Role of Information Technology to Construction the Recycling-based Society

Waste is generated at various stages of human activities. The Japanese government has been making it as a major policy to promote a recycling-based society, fully utilize materials and increase waste recovery. The purpose of this study is to show the role of information technologly in the recycling-base society. Consumer and producer have faced many decision-makings in the treatment or disposal of post-consumer products. We examine the implementation of Radio Frequency Identification System (RFID) in the case of post-consumer products. Our simple model shows the implementation of RFID works laborsaving effect in the all lifecycle of products.

A Study on Implementation of Extended Producer Responsibility Approach on Municipal Waste Management Policy in Japan

Waste is generated at various stages of human activities. The Japanese government has been making it as a major policy to promote a recycling-based society, fully utilize materials and increase waste recovery. The 2000 Basic Law for Establishing a Recycling-Based Society, and related recycling regulations have strengthened the regulatory framework for waste management. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) reported, “Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is a policy under which producers take significant responsibility in the treatment or disposal of post-consumer products.” The principle of EPR has been incorporated into the national legislation on containers and packaging and on some appliances.The purpose of this study is to monitor the effectiveness and efficiency of implementation of these regulations, particularly in the case of containers and packaging, household appliances, personal computers and end-of-life vehicles.

206 自動車の長寿命化を思考した使用体系に関する研究 : リユース部品の易解体性および環境影響評価について

Recently, in order to consumer society shifts to Recycling-based Society, it is required for products' parts to be used long-term. Therefore we aim to prove the effectiveness for the protection of the environment and the resource by promoting reuse parts. In this study, from this point of view, we promote reuse parts in the case of recycling of End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV). In this report, we made tree diagrams of disassembly for estimating disassembling property. And with the car disassembling data, we estimate the Life Cycle Assessment of cars. As a result, we proposed the guidelines about car's Disassembly-Oriented Design, and showed that using reuse parts and recycling Automobile Shredder Residue (ASR) is effective for resolving problems about environment and waste.

Coated Steel Sheet. Present Situation and Future Prospect. Recent Development of Zinc Coated Steel Sheets.

Research and development on zinc coated steel sheets have been intensively carried out in order to achieve so called 3 Rs(Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) toward establishment of recycling-based society and high quality and cost performances. The galvannealing reaction and structure of the coatings have been investigated and lubricative inorganic and organic coatings have been developed, leading to a remarkable improvement of press formability of galvannealed steel sheet for automotive body panels. Pb-free and Cr(Cr6+ and Cr3+)-free coated steel sheets have been developed for both automobile and electric appliance industries to reduce hazardous substances. For building use, corrosion-resistant coated steel sheets with thin organic coatings on 55% Al-Zn alloy and also hot-dipped alloy coatings containing Mg have been developed. This is to meet the needs for long time duration of products and minimizing maintenance. The research and development on zinc coated steel sheets are reviewed in the paper.

産業廃棄物 循環型社会の構築に向けた産業界の取り組み

廃棄物問題の解決には行政, 産業界, 消費者の間で各々の責任をわかち合い, ともに取り組むことが必要である。このような考えに立ち, 産業界ではこれまでにも, 各企業もしくは業界毎に廃棄物の減量化・リサイクルの推進に努めるとともに, 優良な処理施設の建設を促進する事業などに協力してきた。さらに, 21世紀の環境保全に向けた自主行動宣言として発表した「経団連環境アピール」に基づき, 今後の廃棄物対策として, 数値目標やその実現に向けた具体的施策を盛り込んだ環境自主行動計画を各業界毎に策定したところである。今後, 毎年同計画に盛り込まれた施策の進捗状況のレビュー・公表により, 一層, 廃棄物対策を強化し, 循環型社会の実現に向けて努力を続けていく方針である。

リサイクリング 廃棄物の法規制について

The regulations on waste treatment in Japan show dynamic movements toward “Establishment of Recycling-based Society”, “Waste Reduction”, “Propulsion of Recycling”, “Reinforcement of Management on Chemical Substances” in considering waste as an environmental risk, “Self Management System” represented by ISO14000 series and “Reinforcement of Regulations and Standards”.To understand the Japanese laws and regulations on waste treatment, understanding of the whole environmental laws and international trends on environment is essential, since Japanese laws and regulations have been reflected by those trends and movements. Especially, “Waste Disposal and Public Cleaning Law” and “Law for Promotion of Utilization of Recyclable Resources” put emphasis on proper treatment of generated waste and recycling for the reduction of waste respectivery, and these two laws are the core of the Japanese waste treatment laws.