Recycling Awareness Research Articles

Pathways to Sustainability: Empowering Indigenous Communities through Recycling Education

Recycling is a critical component of sustainable waste management, helping to conserve resources, reduce pollution, and mitigate climate change. Despite its importance, awareness, and participation in recycling activities remain low, particularly among indigenous populations who often have limited exposure to modern environmental practices. This study investigates the impact of a recycling awareness program conducted within an indigenous community in Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia. The program included a pre-program survey to assess participants' awareness, understanding, and participation in recycling activities, followed by an educational session on general recycling practices and e-waste management. A post-program survey was conducted to measure the effectiveness of the program. The use of paired sample t-tests reveals significant improvements in participants' knowledge and attitudes toward recycling. The findings provide compelling evidence that targeted educational programs can significantly enhance recycling awareness and participation within Indigenous communities, contributing to broader environmental sustainability goals. The study underscores the need for the implementation of similar programs in other less exposed communities as well as continuous engagement and collaboration with local authorities to sustain and expand recycling initiatives.

Exploring the Design Framework for Food Waste Recycling Awareness in Chow Kit Wet Market

Exploring the Design Framework for Food Waste Recycling Awareness in Chow Kit Wet Market

Residual-dye-derived carbon dots from wastewater for anti-counterfeiting and information encryption

With the development of resource recycling awareness, the number of research on the synthesis and utilization of carbon dots (CDs) from natural wastes continues to grow. Meanwhile, the little-studied synthesis of CDs originating from industrial waste has also become more relevant. In this work, reactive yellow 95 (Y95) molecules in exhausted dyeing wastewater were used as carbon source. By a simple one-step hydrothermal method, the CDs with stimuli-responsive fluorescent chromotropic properties were obtained. With the addition of hydrochloric acid to the CDs solution, the emission of the CDs was red-shifted from 470 nm to 514 nm, and the fluorescence changed from blue to green. The phenomenon was attributed to the synergistic effect of more CO defects on the surface of CDs and the protonation of the carbonyl groups after adding acid. Based on acid-induced fluorescent chromotropic performance, we designed anti-counterfeiting labels for textiles and a double-switching information encryption anti-counterfeiting ink. This work synthesized responsive fluorescent CDs using waste dyes and showed great potential in the field of resource recycling.

Design and Development of A Web-Based Smart Recycling System based on a Survey on Recycling Awareness

Everyone is aware that recycling reduces the amount of waste that ends up in landfills, but the biggest environmental advantage of recycling is the preservation of energy and natural resources, as well as the reduction of pollution that results from the use of raw materials to create new products. The energy wasted in the disposal of products like aluminium cans and newspapers that can be recycled is equal to the annual output of fifteen power plants. The goal of this study is to determine how much faculty and students at UTHM are aware of recycling. Out of the roughly 18,000 pupils enrolled at the institution, 450 locals were chosen as the study's sample. According to Mitchell and Jolly, the populations require a minimum sample size of 374 samples, a 95% confidence level, and a 5% margin of error. There were tick boxes, a Likert scale, and slots for other suggestions to indicate responses. Residents are eager to engage in recycling activities, according to poll results, if more recycling facilities and technologies, such reward and redemption systems, are made available to them. Therefore, a strong program like the Web Automated Bin Recycle (WARB) System is necessary to address these problems. The carbon emission avoidance (tCO2e) calculator, which is part of WARB's core module, is used to calculate the total amount of CO2e generated by the weight of each material since each material has a unique CO2e reading. User acceptance testing (UAT) and functionality testing are the two types of evaluation tests used to assess WARB. The software system's compliance with their functional requirements or specifications has been successfully validated. The UAT results show that most users are content with the functionality and aesthetics of the system interface.

Study of Household Waste Management and Recycling Awareness Between Residential Areas in Kuala Nerang, Kedah, Malaysia

This paper presents a study on household waste management and recycling awareness. Residential areas are the major sources of solid waste as that is where people live. The waste that is usually disposed of from residential areas includes food waste, plastic waste, paper, glass, tin, and others. The increasing trend in waste generated from homes has become a major concern. This study aimed to assess household waste management and recycling awareness in two residential areas located in Padang Terap District, Kuala Nerang, Kedah, Malaysia. Recently, Padang Terap district showed an increase in waste generated compared to another district, Kedah. An open-ended questionnaire was distributed to approximately 32 respondents, and an interview was conducted to study household waste management and recycling awareness in two residential areas—Taman Jati and Taman Pelangi. The research shows that household waste management to segregate the waste remains a problem, despite most respondents being aware of this issue through different media. Furthermore, the lack of household waste management and recycling programs and facilities by the local authorities caused residents to be reluctant to practice these activities.

Recycling awareness scale: A scale development study

This study aimed to develop a scale to determine the awareness levels of secondary school students towards recycling. The sample of the research consists of 275 secondary school students studying in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey in the 2020-2021 academic year. In the research, exploratory sequential design, which is one of the mixed methods, was employed. In the study, exploratory factor analysis and item-total correlations were calculated within the scope of determining the validity of the scale. In order to determine the reliability of the scale, the Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient, item analysis based on the difference between the lower and upper group means (based on the internal consistency criterion) were performed. As a result of the analysis, a scale was developed consisting of two factors. The first factor was named ‘Awareness’ consisting of 12 items, and the second subfactor was named ‘Consciousness’ consisting of 8 items. The Cronbach alpha coefficient of the factors was calculated as 0.916 and 0.871, respectively, and the reliability coefficient for the total scale was calculated as 0.92, and it was concluded that it was a reliable measurement tool. As a result of the research, it can be said that a reliable scale in 5-point Likert type with 20 items and 2 factors was created.

Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Composition, and Resident Awareness of Recycling in Oman

Currently, the entire daily MSW generated in Oman which is roughly equal to more than 5,000 tons is disposed at more than 300 dumpsites which create a number of sustainability issues. This article attempts to know the composition of MSW in Oman. The article also aimed to know the public awareness on the segregation of MSW and their willingness to participate in waste recycling to develop recommendations to improve the MSW management. A mixed research method was adopted to achieve the aims and objectives. A total of 749 samples of MSW were collected and analyzed. The residents’ awareness of the waste segregation and their willingness to participate in the recycling activates was established through interviews. 69.45% of the waste is classified as organic, 15% as inorganic, and 16% as recyclable. The results show that 70% of the participants know how to segregates MSW. 90% of the respondents confirmed that they are willing to cooperate in the segregation of MSW. The finding of this research could be helpful to develop strategies to reduce and recycle the MSW in Oman.

The role of communication medium in increasing e-waste recycling awareness among higher educational institutions

Purpose This paper aims to test the effectiveness of communication platforms in conveying the importance of sustainability messages focusing on electronic waste (e-waste) recycling. While corporate communication has been explored well, this research explores the influence of communication medium on the shift in attitude and behavioural intention of higher education students. Design/methodology/approach An experimental design approach was used with quantitative data analysis to address the research questions. Findings The results revealed that the text form of communication was more effective in conveying the e-waste recycling message. Students demonstrated a significant shift in attitude and call for action when they read the sustainability article instead of watching a video with the same message. Practical implications With several universities trying to integrate sustainability in their curriculum, this research provides guidelines on effective communication methods for students. It also sheds light on the choice of platforms that can be used by organisations to reach out to their employees to convey sustainability-related messages. Originality/value The paper addresses sustainability communication in a university by exploring the best method of communication. The results open up new conversations on the media richness theory in the context of sustainability.

Examining Prospective Teachers’ Awareness of Recycling in terms of Various Variables

Sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanmasında bireylerin geri dönüşüm konusunda farkındalık ve bilgiye sahip olmaları önemlidir. Özellikle gelecek nesilleri yetiştirecek olan öğretmen ve öğretmen adaylarının öncelikle bu bilinç ve farkındalıklara sahip olmaları beklenmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı öğretmen adaylarının geri dönüşüm konusunda farkındalıklarının cinsiyet, bölüm ve çevre dersi alıp-almadıkları bağlamında incelenmesidir. Tarama modelinin kullanıldığı bu araştırmaya bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 310 öğretmen adayı gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında Aksan ve Çelikler (2017) tarafından geliştirilen Geri Dönüşüm Farkındalık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler, Mann-Whitney U Testi ile Kruskal Wallis Testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının geri dönüşüm farkındalık ölçeği faktör ve toplam puanlarının yüksek olduğu söylenebilir. Öğretmen adaylarının cinsiyetlerine göre sadece “doğal kaynakların korunması”; okudukları bölümlere göre ise sadece “yönetimsel” faktör puanlarının anlamlı bir fark gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmen adaylarının “çevresel, eğitsel, ekonomik, yönetimsel, yasal, duyarlılık, geri dönüşüm ürün özellikleri ve biyolojik” faktörleri ile toplam puanlarının çevre dersi alıp-almama durumlarına göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının çevre bilgi ya da ilgileri konusunda verdikleri açıklamalar da paylaşılmıştır.

Assessment of sustainable recycling at The University of Jordan

Purpose This study sought to assess the process of initiating a sustainable recycling program at the University of Jordan. It illustrates the potentials of recycling, perceived awareness of recycling by the students and staff, as well as challenges to a sustainable waste recycling program. This study aims to identify the barriers and challenges that face a sustainable waste recycling program at the University of Jordan. Design/methodology/approach The study consisted of investigating waste recycling potential on campus, inspecting general environmental awareness toward recycling and running an experimental recycling study on part of the campus. A waste characterization study was conducted to assess the current waste status and recycling extent. A questionnaire survey was carried out to obtain information on the students’ and staffs’ awareness of waste recycling and management on campus. In the experimental recycling study, seventy units of waste segregation bins were distributed on campus. The recycling efficiency was evaluated at two schools; the School of Engineering and the School of Medicine. The administrative support and collaboration while running the recycling program were also observed. Findings Overall, waste recycling at the University of Jordan has an appreciable opportunity and potential. A substantial amount of waste can be diverted from going to the landfill. Data showed general positive recycling rates except for plastic. Also, the recycling rates show great potential for enhancing. The recycling at the University of Jordan faces several barriers and obstacles. The greatest barrier was identified as the lack of cooperation of the administrative system on campus. The administrative support for the recycling program was strong only at the initiation of the recycling program. Administrative support has a vital influence on the recycling program. It has the potential of boosting it or bringing it to halt. Future studies should focus on investigating recycling efficiency for the entire campus and focus more on increasing pro-environmental behavior among students and staff in higher education institutions. Originality/value The value of this research lies in it being conducted in a large campus university in a developing country. Also, the study used a diagnostic approach that is based on evaluating an environmental sustainability program as it evolves inside a higher education institution. The study illustrates the challenges that face universities in developing countries while adopting green campus initiatives.

Waste Separation in Primary Education – A Pre‐Post Design Study to Capture Students' Awareness of Recycling with Cartoons

AbstractZiel der Studie ist es, die Wirkung des Unterrichts mit wissenschaftlichen Cartoons auf das Wissen über das Recycling von SchülerInnen der dritten und vierten Klasse der Grundschule zu ermitteln. Die Zielgruppe, die erforscht wurde, besteht aus insgesamt 105 SchülerInnen, von denen 56 SchülerInnen die dritte Klasse und 49 SchülerInnen die vierte Klasse einer staatlichen Grundschule in der Türkei besuchen. In der Studie wurden wissenschaftliche Cartoons verwendet, welche von Çelikler, Aksan und Yenikalaycı im Jahr 2017 [1] erstellt wurden. In der Studie wurden drei Aktivitäten durchgeführt. Außerdem wurde festgestellt, dass die SchülerInnen die Recyclingsymbole wahrnehmen und die Verwendung dieser Symbole sich in ihren Zeichnungen steigerte. Auch die Anzahl der Zeichnungen von Recyclingfahrzeugen steigerte sich. Zum Schluss ist zu erwähnen, dass die SchülerInnen mit ihren Zeichnungen interessante Botschaften vermittelten, wie z. B. „Recycling hält die Natur sauber“, „wir wollen eine saubere Umwelt“, „als Kind trage ich zum Recycling bei“, sowie die Botschaft „Papier ist aus Holz – wir sollten es nicht verschwenden“ war sehr interessant.

The Pricing Strategy of Dual Recycling Channels for Power Batteries of New Energy Vehicles under Government Subsidies

The vigorous development of the new energy automobile industry has highlighted the issue of efficient recycling of power batteries. Using a Stackelberg game, the pricing mechanism of dual-channel power battery recycling models under different government subsidies is investigated. Consequently, sensitivity analysis and comparison analysis are conducted, providing the pricing decision and the optimal profit of closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) systems. Finally, the effects of recycling efforts, power battery greenness levels, service levels, and consumer green recycling awareness on prices of power batteries and profits are determined through numerical simulations, and the optimal prices under different strategies are compared. The results indicate that recycling prices of each party in the manufacturer subsidy model are relatively high, and consumers’ green awareness and the green levels of power batteries are directly proportional to the recycling prices offered by recycling parties. Automobile 4S stores and recycling networks should pay attention to the balance between the increase in the cost and the quantity of government subsidies for their recycling efforts. For recycling enterprises, maintaining an appropriate service level can maximize their profits and positively motivate the development of them.

Digital Game-based Learning in Enhancing Recycling Awareness

Digital Game-based Learning in Enhancing Recycling Awareness

Economic rationalism or administrative rationalism? Curbside collection systems in Sweden and Japan

Abstract Sweden and Japan are environmental leaders in their regions; however, Sweden has shown much better performance in the development of a circular economy. This paper suggests that different environmental discourses between the two countries help explain this gap. An actor-discourse analysis was conducted, taking the case of curbside collection systems. Results show that in Sweden, producers have physical and financial responsibility for collection and recycling while municipalities are responsible for planning and providing information. Economic incentives are well considered, and easy waste sorting at home is a shared norm, fostering systematic improvement of curbside collection systems and drastically increasing recycling rates. In Japan, in contrast, producers address recycling, municipalities do collection, and consumers cover sorting. The necessity of promoting consumer awareness of recycling is broadly accepted, but systematic thinking has not been introduced; as a result, primitive curbside collection systems remain mainstream in Japan, and it is not easy to sort waste at home. Thus, Sweden has favored economic rationalism while Japan administrative rationalism and, the former has been more effective.

INCOME PERSPECTIVE ON THE FACTORS INFLUENCING HOUSEHOLDS’ RECYCLING INTENTION: IMPLICATIONS FROM THE EXTENDED THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR

Although few studies have attempted to explain residents’ waste handling behaviour from social and psychological perspective, yet, there is little understanding regarding the influence of households’ moral obligation, consequences awareness, and perceived lack of facilitating conditions on forming recycling intention. This study aims at investigating the key determinants of household recycling intention using the extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Data collected from 422 households in Kano metropolis were analysed using structural equation modelling to determine the influence of each predictor on the recycling intention. The results indicate that attitude, subjective norms, personal norm, consequences awareness and perceived lack of facilitating conditions significantly predict recycling intention, with attitude being the most significant predictor of households’ intention. Additional analysis on the effect of households’ income level on their recycling intention shows that income level moderates the relationships between attitude and recycling intention, personal norms—recycling intention, and perceived lack of facilitating conditions— recycling intention. The findings provide valuable suggestions for recycling policies that can focus on households’ intention formation by providing recycling facilities, encouraging participation through market-driven recycling programs, and promoting recycling awareness and education.

INCOME PERSPECTIVE ON THE FACTORS INFLUENCING HOUSEHOLDS’ RECYCLING INTENTION: IMPLICATIONS FROM THE EXTENDED THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR

Although few studies have attempted to explain residents’ waste handling behaviour from social and psychological perspective, yet, there is little understanding regarding the influence of households’ moral obligation, consequences awareness, and perceived lack of facilitating conditions on forming recycling intention. This study aims at investigating the key determinants of household recycling intention using the extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Data collected from 422 households in Kano metropolis were analysed using structural equation modelling to determine the influence of each predictor on the recycling intention. The results indicate that attitude, subjective norms, personal norm, consequences awareness and perceived lack of facilitating conditions significantly predict recycling intention, with attitude being the most significant predictor of households’ intention. Additional analysis on the effect of households’ income level on their recycling intention shows that income level moderates the relationships between attitude and recycling intention, personal norms—recycling intention, and perceived lack of facilitating conditions— recycling intention. The findings provide valuable suggestions for recycling policies that can focus on households’ intention formation by providing recycling facilities, encouraging participation through market-driven recycling programs, and promoting recycling awareness and education.

Assessment of CO2 Emission and Energy Reduction on Solid Waste in Jeram Landfill Using Warm Analysis

Today, the increasing of solid waste generation became the major issue in Malaysia due to high population growth. The greenhouse emission and high energy consumption resulted from improper management of solid waste have caused a significant effect on the inhabitants and the environment. Hence, it is necessary to develop an integrated solid waste management plan to combat this problem. The challenges are to educate the communities in managing their own waste in a good manner. Recycling awareness among society should also be emphasized to ensure that waste generated can be properly managed. This paper focused on the greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions and energy consumption of municipal solid waste management. The aim of this research is to estimate the income generated from recycling activities from the municipal authority in Shah Alam and Klang district in Selangor. The analysis was done using waste reduction model (WARM) created by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), United States. The results indicated that the GHG emission that can be reduced by the Klang authority was 3,024.20 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MTCO2E) compared to 2,577.80 MTCO2E for Shah Alam authority. The same result has been obtained for the energy emission which indicated the highest saving was 824.90 metric tons of coal equivalents (MTCE) by the Klang authority. However, the Shah Alam authority can only save the amount of 702.80 MTCE. The total incremental of energy used generated by WARM showed that Klang authority can save 23,290.20 million British thermal unit (MBTU) compared to Shah Alam authority of 19,862.80 MBTU. The percentage difference between the Klang authority and the Shah Alam authority in the GHG and energy emission reduction was approximately 14.80%. The total income from recyclable materials for Klang and Shah Alam authority was obtained as RM 918, 638.16. The estimation of GHG emission from both Klang and Shah Alam authority was depending on the solid waste generated and disposal method. In terms of GHG emission, waste separation includes recycling activities could reduce the GHG emission, less air pollution and more environmentally friendly.

Predictors of Recycling Intentions among the Youth: A Developing Country Perspective

India is currently facing a mounting challenge related to municipal waste management, due to an increasing urban population, and their high consumption lifestyles. India also has the world’s highest number of young people in the 10–24 years age group. The study applied the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model to predict school students’ recycling intentions in Delhi, the capital of India and one of the highest producers of municipal solid wastes in the country. Data were collected from a school in New Delhi and the sample size consisted of 272 students from 9th and 10th grades. The TPB model explained 56% of the variance in the students’ intentions to recycling. The predictor ‘subjective norm’ appeared to have the strongest impact on the students’ recycling intentions, followed by ‘attitude’ and ‘perceived behavioural control’. It indicated that social factors are driving the Indian youth’s recycling intentions. It is important that the policymakers promote recycling as a social trend in India and provide adequate facilities to the public so that they can participate in recycling activities without facing difficulties. Schools also have a role in increasing students’ awareness of recycling and motivating them to participate in household waste management practices.

The integrated feasibility analysis of water reuse management in the petroleum exploration performances of unconventional shale reservoirs

Regarding the dramatic increase of water additional resource administration in numerous drilling industries’ operational performances and oil/gas extractions, water supply plays a significant role in their performances as efficient as optimum operations, in respect of the way, this utilization is often invisible to the public eye. The necessity of water in a wide variety of drilling operation due to its vast applicant in several functions is widely reported in the literature that has been required to remain these procedures plateau. The objective of this comprehensive study is to conduct an investigation into the studied field and analyze the assessment of necessary water and produced water which is provided in the surface for reinjection procedures in the hydraulic fracturing and water injectivity; in respect of the way, petroleum and drilling industries will push themselves into limits to find suitable water sources from a local source to encapsulate their economic prosperities and virtually eliminate extra expenditures. In comparison to other industries and consumers, oil and gas development is not a significant water consumer, and its water demands can exert profound impacts on local water resources, and this is why it imposes particular challenges among water users in a vast majority of fields and areas in times of drought. Moreover, water has become an increasingly scarce and costly commodity over the past decades, and operators are being beneficially noted that awareness of recycling and reusing phenomenon that has treated effluent is both costs competent and socially responsible. Consequently, energy, environmental situation, and economic prosperity considerations should be analytically and preferably investigated to cover every eventuality and each possibility of disposal and water reuse options.

Green Networking a Way to Increase Recycling Awareness

This paper demonstrates the need to promote recycling as part of individual's lifestyle, it shows the economic consequences of recycling on the global environment, it entails the effects of green networking in today's world and how the lifestyles of individuals from various academic settings are impacted. The findings in this paper reveal how ‘green networking' or ‘green social media' improves student's behavior towards recycling, it also shows how environmental organizations use green networking as an effective tool for recycling awareness. To attain this information, firstly, an online/ physical 20 questions survey was conducted among 777 students from ages 14-30+ within: (I) high school grades 10-12 and (II) university undergrad/postgrad level. These students were derived from various educational backgrounds ranging from American, British, Arabic and Canadian academic systems across the emirate of Dubai. Secondly, environmental organizations from the public and private companies such as Provectus and Emirates Environmental Group completed an online survey of 8 questions to provide an insight on how green networking can influence recycling, from different products like paper, plastic, cans, food/water, lastly, it provides data on how individuals respond to recycling policies. Finally, it will demonstrate the ways in which multimedia can be used as an economical tool for waste management.