Tumor Recurrence Rate Research Articles

Impact of the crosstalk between the PTEN and PAFR as well as PAFR and EGFR pathways in cancer

The integration between the tumor-suppressive and oncogenic signaling pathways controls various cellular activities of cancer cells, including cell growth and apoptosis. While the activation of oncogenes fuels cancer progression and escape mechanisms, tumor suppressors regulate and counterbalance the negative effects of oncogenic signaling. Notably, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) constitute one of the important family members of tumor suppressor genes, which play critical roles in regulating the activities of tumor cells. Thus, an impaired, mutated, or loss of PTEN is associated with low survival or high tumor recurrence rates in cancer patients. Importantly, high tumor expression of a G-protein coupled platelet-activating factor-receptor (PAFR) is associated with increased tumor progression as well as decreased overall survival and poor prognosis in malignancies such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Along similar lines, overactivation or mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling are detected in various human malignancies and associated with poor prognosis. The goal of the current minireview was to highlight the significance of the mechanistic insights between the PTEN and PAFR as well as the PAFR and EGFR pathways in impacting cancer growth and/or efficacy of therapeutic agents in experimental model systems.

Inhibitory effect of streamer discharge on the local recurrence of B16F10 melanoma tumor in mice

Abstract Plasma-based cancer therapy presents a novel approach to treating oncologic diseases. One promising application is post-surgical plasma treatment to reduce the risk of local recurrence after tumor resection. However, a major challenge in the post-surgical treatment using plasma is the limited experimental evidence. This study provides in vivo evidence demonstrating that streamer discharge can significantly reduce the local recurrence rate of B16F10 melanoma tumors in mice. Ten-minute treatments of tumor resection sites reduced the recurrence rate by approximately 50%. No significant abnormalities related to plasma treatment were observed throughout the experiments. The cytotoxic effect of streamer discharge was also demonstrated in vitro, where apoptosis and necrosis were observed in B16F10 cells.

In Vitro Investigation of the Anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Activity of Peptides Derived From Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) Bran.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common and highly aggressive tumor in the world. Although immunotherapy, surgical resection, targeted therapy and HCC transplantation could improve the prognosis for HCC patients, the tumor recurrence rate of the tumor remains high due to its insidious and invasive nature. Therefore, the development of new HCC therapeutic agents has become particularly important. Quinoa is abundant in bioactive peptides, proteins, and other functional ingredients that confer various health benefits to humans. Quinoa bran, the outer seed coat of quinoa, like quinoa, has extremely high nutritional value and rich protein content. This study firstly found that hydrolysate from quinoa bran protein (QBPP) exhibited targeting anti-HCC effect on the proliferation of HepG2 and Bel-7402 HCC cells in a concentration dependent manner, without significant toxic side effects on normal human liver cells L02. Further, QBPP exerted anti-HCC effect through mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and inhibition of HCC cells migration. Collectively, QBPP shows potential as a next-generation dietary supplement for the prevention and treatment of HCC.

Usefulness of computed tomography findings for predicting soft tissue sarcoma grades.

Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) constitute a heterogeneous group of tumors that originate from mesenchymal cells. Imaging plays an important role in the assessment of the oncological stage of STSs. Computed tomography findings facilitate the identification of the tumor location and margins in relation to the surrounding anatomic boundaries and thereby enable preoperative planning of tumor management. The histological grade is among the most important parameters that affect tumor recurrence and metastasis rates. However, the prediction of STS histological grades using CT characteristics has not yet been elucidated. This study retrospectively investigated CT findings of patients with different STS grades for differentiation. Thirty dogs with STSs (12 Grade 1, 10 Grade 2, and 8 Grade 3) were included from three animal hospitals. The investigated CT features included tumor delineation, dysmorphic intratumoral or peritumoral vessels, contrast enhancement patterns, peripheral rim enhancement, intratumoral calcification, degree of intratumoral cystic lesions, peritumoral fat stranding, metastatic regional lymphadenopathy, and lung metastasis. Quantitative findings included tumor size and pre- and postcontrast attenuation. Tumor size, dysmorphic intratumoral or peritumoral vessels, peritumoral fat stranding, and metastatic regional lymphadenopathy significantly differed among tumor grades. On post hoc analysis, Grade 3 tumors were significantly larger, had a higher prevalence of dysmorphic vessels than Grade 1 tumors, and had a significantly higher rate of adjacent metastatic lymphadenopathy than Grade 2 tumors. Predicting STS grades before the histopathological examination could potentially aid in the planning of the STS resection margins.

Combinatorial therapies for epigenetic, immunotherapeutic, and genetic targeting of chordoma.

Chordoma, a rare malignancy of the axial skeleton and skull base, presents significant therapeutic challenges due to the high rates of tumor recurrence and resistance. While surgical resection and radiation therapy remain the gold standard of treatment, the lack of additional treatment options necessitates the exploration of novel therapies. Combinatorial therapies hold significant potential in shaping patient prognosis. By targeting the immunotherapeutic, epigenetic, and genetic landscapes of chordoma, these methods enable the more effective and personalized management of the diverse molecular mechanisms driving chordoma growth and resistance. To elucidate such potential, we conducted a literature review of all published articles on the usage of immunotherapeutic, epigenetic, and genetic approaches for chordoma treatment from 2014 to 2024. Eighty-one papers were excluded based on our inclusion criteria. From the remaining thirty-nine publications, we found evidence supporting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies, and monoclonal antibodies; the roles of DNA methylation patterns, histone modification pathways, and miRNA regulation; and the contribution of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) to chordoma progression. Our findings underscore the importance of a multidirectional approach in chordoma treatment throughout the disease progression to reduce morbidity and improve patient outcomes despite the heterogeneity of chordoma.

Safety and efficacy of posterior approach for resection of spinal meningioma: Impact of dural attachment location.

Spinal meningiomas (SMs) are common benign tumors that are typically treated with surgical resection. The choice of surgical approach may vary depending on the location of dural attachment of the SM, with a posterior approach being the traditional preference. However, there is limited research available on the impact of dural attachment location on outcomes following posterior approach for SM resection. To investigate the outcomes of posterior approach for SM resection, and compare the results among different dural attachment location subgroups. Between January 2013 and February 2023, a total of 34 SM patients were included in the study. Various clinical and radiologic features, functional states before and after surgery, operating time, intraoperative blood loss, tumor recurrence, and perioperative complications were assessed and compared. The average age of the included 34 patients' (10 males and 24 females) age was 62.09 years. Mean follow-up duration was 22.65 months. The location of SM was the thoracic spine in 32 cases, with only 2 in the cervical spine. On average, intraoperative blood loss was 520.59 mL, and operating time was 176.76 minutes. Thirty three cases had successful outcomes while only 1 experienced an unexpected outcome. The tumor recurrence rate was 2.9%. After surgery, there were 3 cases of cerebral spinal fluid leakage, 1 case of pneumonia, and 1 case of urinary tract infection. Dural attachments were predominantly found dorsal or dorsolateral (13 cases), followed by ventral or ventrolateral (14 cases), and lateral (7 cases). The outcomes among these subgroups were similar. The posterior approach for SM resection is safe and effective, yielding comparable surgical and neurological outcomes regardless of the dural attachment location.

Higher Tumor/Organ Accumulation Ratio of Porous Dual Infinite Coordination Polymer Nanocomposites for Efficient Tumor Photothermal-Starvation-Dual Hypoxia Chemo Synergistic Therapy.

To enhance tumor comprehensive therapeutic effect of nanomedicines, an efficient strategy that integrates polydopamine and IR780 photothermal therapy, glucose oxidase (GOx) starvation therapy, Banoxantrone (AQ4N) and Tirapazamine (TPZ) dual hypoxia chemotherapy is developed in chronological order. Higher tumor accumulation of porous dual infinite coordination polymer nanocomposites are designed and prepared to implement this strategy, in which fluorescent dye IR780 doped hypoxic prodrugs AQ4N and TPZ coordinated with Cu(II) as the core, this core is encapsulated by GOx-loaded porous polydopamine coordinated with Fe(III) (Fe-MPDA). These nanocomposites exhibit a particle dimension of 118.5±21.7nm with pore size of 20.1nm (pore volume 0.012cm3 g-1nm-1), facilitating easy accumulation in tumor tissues. Particularly, their ratio of the area under the curve (AUC) of the tumor/organ drug concentration versus time (AUCtumor/AUCorgans) is 1.28. Upon reaching the tumor, the nanocomposites release GOx and Fe-MPDA in initial stage to execute photothermal and starvation therapy, simultaneously enhance the hypoxic level at the tumor site. Then AQ4N and TPZ undergo synergistic chemotherapy in the enhanced hypoxic environment. Animal experiments show a tumor inhibition rate of 100% and a tumor recurrence rate of 0% after 60d, demonstrating their great potential application for tumor treatment.

Extended Survival and Prognostic Factors in Endometrial Cancer: A Multivariate Cox Regression Analysis

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the third most prevalent neoplasm among women in Spain and the most frequent malignancy of the female genital tract. The primary risk factors are associated with increased estrogen levels. The objective of our study is to determine the current specific progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with EC at the University Hospital of Puerto Real. Additionally, we aim to understand the independent role of specific factors in the risk of recurrence and mortality from EC through a multivariate analysis. Methods: A retrospective observational survival analysis of a case series was conducted. The study population included all women diagnosed and treated for EC in Spain between January 2010 and December 2021. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were performed to evaluate survival based on patient age, tumor stage, histological type, and degree of differentiation, and to quantify survival probabilities for each factor. Results: A total of 324 patients were included. The PFS was 86.6% at 5 years and 81.1% at 10 years. The OS was 91.3% at 5 years and 84.8% at 10 years. The tumor-related mortality rate was 9.3% (N = 30) and the tumor recurrence rate was 5.6% (N = 18). The estimated median follow-up using the inverse Kaplan-Meier method was 4.33 years (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 3.72–4.94) for OS and 4.57 years (95% CI: 4.05–5.09) for PFS. The statistically significant factors affecting PFS and OS were age ≥60 years at diagnosis, advanced International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (II–IV), non-endometrioid tumor, high tumor grade, and lymphovascular space invasion. Multivariate Cox regression analysis shows that being 60 years or older at the time of diagnosis, advanced FIGO stages, high tumor grade, and serous-papillary tumors are independent risk factors for recurrence or death in EC. Conclusions: Our study shows that being 60 years or older at the time of diagnosis, advanced FIGO stages (II–IV), non-endometrioid EC, higher histological tumor grade, and lymphovascular space invasion are associated with lower OS and PFS. Additionally, multivariate Cox analysis suggests that age ≥60 years at diagnosis, advanced FIGO stages, high tumor grade, and serous-papillary histological type are independent prognostic factors influencing survival and recurrence in EC. This study should serve as a foundation for further research, incorporating relevant aspects of the molecular biology of EC to refine patient prognosis.

NGF-mediated crosstalk: unraveling the influence of metabolic deregulation on the interplay between neural and pancreatic cancer cells and its impact on patient outcomes.

Neural invasion is one of the most common routes of invasion in pancreatic cancer and it is responsible for the high rate of tumor recurrence after surgery and the pain generation associated with pancreatic cancer. Several molecules implicated in neural invasion are also responsible for pain onset including NGF belonging to the family of neutrophins. NGF released by cancer cells can sensitize sensory nerves which in turn results in severe pain. NGF receptors, TrkA and P75NTR, are expressed on both PDAC cells and nerves, strongly suggesting their role in neural invasion. The crosstalk between the nervous system and cancer cells has emerged as an important regulator of pancreatic cancer and its microenvironment. Nerve cells influence the pancreatic tumor microenvironment and these interactions are important for cancer metabolism reprogramming and tumor progression. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the interaction between nerves and pancreatic cancer cells and its impact on cancer metabolism.

Surgical effect of the medial wall resection of the cavernous sinus for functional pituitary adenomas.

The surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas (PAs) is aimed at achieving maximal tumor resection, relieving the compression, and correcting the disorders of pituitary hormones. Parasellar dural invasion is a primary factor in the failure of the surgery. By comparing the two operations of tumor excision combined with resection of the medial wall of the cavernous sinus (MW) and simple tumor excision, we further confirmed the clinical effectiveness and safety of the resection technique of the MW. 41 patients with functional pituitary adenoma (FPA) were divided into two groups according to the operation. The experimental group consisted of 20 patients who underwent tumor excision combined with resection of the MW via endonasal transsphenoidal approach and 21 patients who underwent simple pituitary tumor excision as the control group. Both groups were followed up for 12 months and matched for age, sex, BMI, tumor type, Knosp grade, maximum tumor diameter, hypertension, diabetes, and coronary disease. Perioperative-related indicators, biochemical remission rates, tumor recurrence rates, and complications were assessed. A total of 21 medial walls were removed in 20 patients, 15 (71%) specimens had pathologically confirmed tumor invasion. Biochemical remission rates and average operative duration in the experimental group were more than in the control group (P < 0.05). The remaining perioperative indicators, complications, and tumor recurrence rates had no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). The technique of the MW removal via endonasal transsphenoidal approach for FPAs is safe and effective, with a high biochemical remission. The average operative duration for MW removal may be longer than that for simple tumor excision.

Effectiveness of Organ Preservation for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer With Complete Clinical Response After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy: Bayesian Network Meta-analysis.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery is the common treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Presently, for patients with complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, organ preservation ("watch-and-wait" and local excision strategies) has been increasingly favored. However, the optimal treatment for patients with complete clinical response remains still unclear. This study aimed to use Bayesian meta-analysis to determine the best treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer with complete clinical response among radical surgery, local excision, and watch and wait strategies. PubMed, Web Of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase(Ovid) were searched until December 31, 2023. Studies that compared two or more treatments for patients with complete clinical response were included. The analysis was completed via Bayesian meta-analysis using random-effects model. Surgery-related complications, local recurrence, distant metastasis, 5-year overall and disease-free survival rate. Eleven articles met inclusion criteria. The groups of watch and wait and local excision exhibited a higher rate of tumor recurrence compared to radical surgery group (OR [95% CI]: watch and wait VS radical surgery: 9.10 [3.30, 32.3], local excision VS radical surgery: 2.93 [1.05, 9.95]). The distant metastasis, overall and disease-free survival rates of 3 treatments were not statistically different. The radical surgery group had the most number of stoma, and had the greatest risk of morbidity than the watch and wait group (OR[95%CI]: watch and wait VS radical surgery: 0.00 [0.00, 0.12]). The study included only 1 randomized controlled trial compared to 10 observational studies, which could affect overall quality. Funnel plots of disease-free survival rates and stoma suggest significant publication bias among studies which compared radical surgery with watch and wait strategy. The watch and wait strategy could be optimal for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer with complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

The added value of narrow band imaging in Sinonasal tumour resection and surveillance: Our experience

Background & purposeNarrow Band Imaging (NBI), developed by Olympus Medical Systems, has played a role in diagnosing digestive tract lesions and cancers, diagnosing and characterizing bladder cancers during cystoscopy and in the diagnosis and management of Head and Neck cancers. We aim to explore the potential use of NBI in the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of sinonasal tumours. MethodsWe present a series of cases treated at our institution, where NBI played a crucial role in the diagnosis, surgical management, intraoperative decision-making, and follow-up. The cases include a patient with sinonasal lymphoma, 2 patients with sinonosal malignant melanoma and a patient with olfactory neuroblastoma. ResultsIn our experience, NBI proved beneficial not only in detecting otherwise unseen nasal lesions but also in targeted biopsies and intraoperative planning, on some occasions altering the course of treatment. NBI may also be a simple, inexpensive surveillance method for detecting sinonasal tumours recurrence after excision. ConclusionWhile there are limitations to its use, there is potential for NBI to be of significant use in rhinology practice, reducing morbidity and tumour recurrence rates and streamlining the diagnostic and surveillance process.

Effects of Fertility-Sparing Surgery on Prognosis and Fertility of Patients With Ovarian Borderline Tumors.

Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of fertility-sparing surgery in patients with ovarian borderline tumors (BOT). Methods A total of 121 BOT patients undergoing fertility-sparing surgery between January 2010 and October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The univariate analysis,multivariate analysis,and survival curves were employed to evaluate the clinicopathological and surgical variables and fertility. Results The 121 BOT patients included in this study showed the 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate of 65.8% and the recurrence rate of 30.5%.A total of 53 patients attempted to conceive and 40 (33.06%) of the patients achieved successful pregnancy.Different methods of fertility-sparing surgery did not affect the tumor recurrence rate,RFS,or pregnancy rate.The multivariate analysis indicated that the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage ≥Ⅱ was an independent risk factor affecting both postoperative recurrence and RFS (P=0.011,OR=6.504,95%CI=1.534-27.58;P=0.033,HR=2.589,95%CI=1.082-6.194) in BOT patients.Tissue type (mucinous) was negatively correlated with the risk of recurrence after fertility-sparing surgery (P=0.011,OR=0.270,95%CI=0.099-0.739).The two unilateral surgical methods showed differences in the amount of intraoperative bleeding (P=0.010),postoperative hospital stay (P=0.001),duration of antibiotic use (P=0.002),and tumor rupture rate (P=0.030),which were not significantly different between the two bilateral surgical methods. Conclusions For young patients with fertility requirements,fertility-sparing surgery is safe and effective.After a comprehensive assessment of clinicopathological factors,unilateral cystectomy and bilateral cystectomy may be recommended as the preferred choice of treatment.For the patients with advanced FIGO stages who strongly prefer fertility sparing,fertility-sparing surgery can be performed with fully informed consent,and these patients should attempt to achieve pregnancy as soon as possible after the surgery.

Laparoscopic liver resection versus radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma within Milan criteria: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Minimally invasive techniques have significantly gained popularity for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on the Milan criteria. However, whether or not laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a better treatment option remains debatable. We conducted a meta-analysis to review the published data comparing LLR and RFA for HCC through Milan criteria depending on tumor recurrence risk and survival. PubMed, OvidSP, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to December 31, 2023. The studies comparing the outcomes and methods between LLR and RFA for HCC within the Milan criteria were included. We recruited 19 cohort studies with 2532 patients. The postoperative complication rate was low, and hospital stays were shorter in the RFA group than in the LLR group. The total tumor recurrence, the local tumor recurrence rate, and the intrahepatic tumor recurrence rate were lower within the LLR group than in the RFA group. There was no significant difference in the extrahepatic recurrence rate between the two groups. Moreover, no significant differences were observed between the groups concerning 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) and 1-year recurrence-free survival (RFS). However, 3-year and 5-year RFS were better within the LLR group than among the RFA group. The treatment of HCC within the Milan criteria is moving toward multidisciplinary and minimally invasive approaches. Our meta-analysis identified a lower postoperative complication rate and higher recurrence rate for RFA than LLR. RFA could be an alternative treatment due to its comparable long-term efficacy with LLR.

Whole-exome sequencing reveals genomic landscape of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and identifies SAV1 as a potential driver.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy after hepatocellular carcinoma, with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. The genomic features of ICC in Chinese patients remain largely unknown. In this study, we perform deep whole-exome sequencing of 204 Chinese primary ICCs and characterize genomic alterations and clonal evolution, and reveal their associations with patient outcomes. We identify six mutational signatures, including Signatures A and F, which are highly similar to previously described signatures linked to aristolochic acid and aflatoxin exposures, respectively. We also identify 13 significantly mutated genes in the ICC samples, including SAV1. We find that SAV1 was mutated in 2.9% (20/672) of 672 ICC samples. SAV1 mutation is associated with lower SAV1 protein levels, higher rates of tumor recurrence, and shorter overall patient survival. Biofunctional investigations reveal a tumor-suppressor role of SAV1: its inactivation suppresses Hippo signaling, leading to YAP activation, thereby promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Collectively, our results delineate the genomic landscape of Chinese ICCs and identify SAV1 as a potential driver of ICC.

Impact of Multidisciplinary Team Management on Survival and Recurrence in Stage I-III Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Study in Northern Italy.

This study aimed to assess whether multidisciplinary team (MDT) management improves outcomes in patients with stage I-III colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to non-MDT care. This study included 460 CRC patients diagnosed from 2017 to 2018 in a northern Italian province, of whom 300 (65%) were managed by MDT. MDT patients were younger, more frequently had rectal cancers, were diagnosed at earlier stages, and were more likely to undergo surgery and chemotherapy. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly better in the MDT group. The recurrence rate was 8.5%, with no significant differences between MDT and non-MDT patients, although MDT patients exhibited lower recurrence rates for early-stage tumors. A multivariable analysis showed that DFS and OS were adversely affected by older age, advanced stage, and lack of MDT management. Kaplan-Meier estimates demonstrated a 3-year DFS of 78% in the MDT group versus 65% in the non-MDT group, as well as an OS of 83% versus 69%, respectively. The MDT approach was associated with improved treatment adherence and better management of recurrences. While limited by a small sample size, this population-based study highlights the beneficial impact of MDT care on CRC outcomes. Further research with extended follow-up is warranted to confirm these findings.

Wrist arthrodesis following resection of recurrent giant cell tumor of distal end of radius: A case report

The recurrence rate of giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is 20%. GCT of bone is an aggressive and potentially malignant lesion, and variable clinical behaviour. The distal femur and proximal tibia are the most common sites, accounting for 50% of all GCT of bone, followed by the distal radius (10%). The prevalence of GCT peaks during the 3rd decade, with 80% of cases occurring between 20 and 50 years of age. Local recurrence and loss of joint function are still major problems following surgery The goals of treatment are to achieve satisfactory removal of the tumor, to decrease the chance of local recurrence, and to preserve as much wrist function as possible. Here we present a case of 32-year-old female patient presented with painful lump over right wrist joint since 2 months. Previously patient was surgically treated with intralesional curettage and illiac crest bone graft and bone cement for GCT of distal end of Radius 2 years back. Xray and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a well-defined u expansile lytic soft tissue lesion which is homogenously enhanced involving medullary cavity with cortical erosion and extending into soft tissue plane. We performed wide resection of distal third radius and ulna using dorsal approach with radial strut graft and wrist arthrodesis. Functional outcome was evaluated using the modified Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scoring system. Grip strength was assessed using a dynamometer, and range of motion of the metacarpophalangeal joint was assessed using a goniometer.

BIOM-60. UNDERSTANDING THE INTERSECTION OF RACE, SEX, AND GENOMIC PROFILES IN MENINGIOMA PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Abstract BACKGROUND While meningioma incidence and outcomes vary by sex and race, the potential underlying molecular differences possibly contributing to these disparities are less understood. Herein, we explore the clinical and genomic characteristics of meningiomas across groups characterized by age and sex. METHODS We analyzed adult patients with primary meningiomas resected from 2012 to 2023. Patients underwent whole exome sequencing, and demographic data were categorized into four groups based on self-reported race and sex, which included White females, White Males, Black females, and Black males. The primary analyses involved comparisons of tumor characteristics, socioeconomic status (median zip code income, % with high school diploma, health insurance status, distance from hospital), genomics, and recurrence rates. RESULTS The study included 509 primary meningiomas. White females exhibited low-risk genomic profiles characterized by driver mutations in KLF4 (+/- TRAF7) (p=0.010) and POLR2A (p=0.045), with no associated CNVs (p=0.410). This benign molecular profile correlated with lower WHO grades (p=0.013) and a lower incidence of recurrence (p=0.0003). Black females had meningiomas enriched with Hedgehog pathway mutations (p=0.0035) and a predilection for the anterior skull base (p=0.034), leading to an increased risk of recurrence (p=0.026). White males showed an aggressive genomic profile, including chromosome 1p loss (p=0.025) and 10q loss (p=0.067), associated with a high risk of recurrence (p=0.0002). Black males had meningiomas with chromosome 14q loss (p=0.0002), the highest incidence of high-grade meningiomas (p=0.048), and a 4.5-fold increased risk of recurrence (OR 4.5 [1.6-11.8]; p=0.006). Black males also experienced the worst progression-free survival (HR 5.5 [2.5-12.4]; p&amp;lt;0.0001), independent of WHO grade, extent of resection, and socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS Each demographic has a distinct molecular profile that correlates with clinical behavior in a race and sex-specific manner. Black males are disproportionately affected by biologically aggressive meningiomas, leading to higher tumor grade and recurrence rates.

Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor reduced recurrence in operable NSCLC patients with pathological complete response: a retrospective analysis

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate if neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) plus chemotherapy (CT) reduced tumor recurrence after surgery than neoadjuvant CT alone in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with pathologic complete response (pCR).MethodsFrom January 1st 2019 to April 30th 2022, 16 NSCLC patients with pCR who received both neoadjuvant ICI and CT were designated as ICI/CT group. Another 8 patients, who received neoadjuvant CT alone, were designated as CT group. The tumor recurrence and patients’ survival status were analyzed.ResultsSquamous cell carcinoma was the predominant histology type in both groups. The CT group had higher percentage of patients who received adjuvant CT than the ICI/CT group (100% vs. 75%, p = 0.046). All patients had been followed up for at least 20 months. At 20 months after surgery, the ICI/CT group had a tumor recurrence rate of 6.25%, which was significantly lower than 37.5% recurrence rate of the CT group. One patient of the CT group died of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and severe anemia at 11 months after surgery, and no patient in the ICI/CT group died. During adjuvant therapy, the ICI/CT group had significantly lower risk of anemia (12.5% vs. 50%) than the CT group (p = 0.046).ConclusionThe study found that in NSCLC patients with pCR, neoadjuvant ICI reduced tumor recurrence rate. This indicated that like in advanced stage NSCLC, the ICI might bring similar long-term anti-tumor effect in operable NSCLC patients.

Application and evaluation of minimally invasive surgical treatment options for early endometrial cancer.

Laparoscopic and robotic-assisted techniques have gained popularity, and endometrial cancer (EC) remains a significant health problem among women. Minimally invasive surgical (MIS) therapy options for early endometrial cancer will be evaluated for their effectiveness and safety is the aim of this paper. We also investigate the differences in oncologic outcomes between MIS and open surgery (OS) for individuals with early-stage EC. The patient was diagnosed with early-stage EC and treated with laparoscopic surgery and was the focus of a retrospective analysis. 162 patients with early EC were analyzed, with diagnoses occurring between 2002 and 2022. The patients were fragmented into two groups, one for OS and another for laparoscopic procedures. The total tumor excision and recurrence rates were identical across the two methods, indicating similar oncologic results. Rates of complications were likewise comparable across the two groups. The quality of life ratings of patients with robotic-assisted surgery was higher than those with laparoscopic surgery. Sixty-two (62.2%) of the 162 patients in this research had OS, whereas Fifty-six (57.8%) had MIS. The probability of recurrence of EC from stages III to IV was significanitly higher in women who had OS. Minimally invasive procedures were shown to be effective in treating early-stage EC, and while these findings provide support for their usage, larger multicenter randomized controlled studies are required to verify these results and further examine possible long-term advantages. Patients with early-stage EC, regardless of histologic type, had superior survival rates with MIS compared to OS.