Recruitable Work Research Articles

Between Entrepreneurship and Community Empowerment: The Management Model of Empowering Small Business’ Borneo Queen Community

The management approach of Borneo Queen Community emphasizes the pivotal role of managerial efforts in sustaining small businesses while concurrently fostering community empowerment. This study endeavors to explore the proprietor’s influence in ensuring the continuity of Borneo Queen Community and its positive impact on community advancement. Employing a qualitative methodology with a phenomenological lens, the research unveils the proprietor’s strategies in empowering the business through a distinctive worker recruitment mechanism. This approach prioritizes the betterment of the local community’s welfare, particularly targeting youth with limited educational and economic prospects. By granting them autonomy in managing and honing their skills, the business not only fosters employee development but also maintains a strong economic focus. Furthermore, the business demonstrates astute market foresight by leveraging various digital platforms for expansive marketing outreach. Through this integrated approach, Borneo Queen Community emerges as a small business entity adept at harmonizing commercial success with community empowerment.

The peer to career pipeline: An observational study of peer worker trainee characteristics and training completion likelihood

IntroductionPeer recovery support services (PRSS) for substance use disorder (SUD) are a flexible and evidence-based intervention employed across multiple settings and for a variety of populations. These services have expanded over the past two decades, but there is little research on recruitment and training of prospective peer workers – the peer to career pipeline. This study observed training outcomes for applicants to a peer worker scholarship program in Texas. MethodsA total of 448 participants provided baseline personal history information, and a subset of participants (n = 239) completed optional psychosocial surveys. Logistic regression analysis tested associations of personal history and psychosocial variables with three training stage completion outcomes: classroom training completion, placement at an internship site, and full certification. ResultsThe greatest decline in advancement between stages occurred in the transition between classroom training (78.1 % of participants completed) and internship placement (43.3 % of participants completed). Participants were diverse in terms of race/ethnicity and life experiences salient to the peer worker role, but Hispanic/Latinx peer workers were under-represented. Past work with a SUD peer worker, age, and having a bachelor's degree were each positively associated with training stage completion across multiple models, while having basic technological access, being a woman, and veteran status were each positively associated with training stage completion in only one model. Years since recovery initiation date, non-monosexual orientation, White race, and quality of life were each negatively associated with training stage completion in only one model. ConclusionsThe existing peer workforce may be a key source of recruitment for new peer workers; thus retention of existing workers is key to ensuring continued expansion of these services. Additional support may be required to recruit and retain younger peer worker trainees, men trainees, Hispanic/Latinx trainees, trainees who lack basic technological access, or trainees without bachelor's degrees. Unanswered questions about the peer workforce remain and must be addressed to ensure that an appropriately diverse workforce is recruited, that disparities in training outcomes are minimized or prevented, and that existing peer workers are well-supported.

STATE-LEVEL INITIATIVES FOR DIRECT CARE WORKERS

Abstract As problems surrounding recruitment and retention of direct care workers continue to worsen, changes have been made at both the state and national level to accommodate for these challenges. This paper provides a literature review of various state-level initiatives and innovations aimed at improving recruitment and retention strategies for direct care workers in both facility-based long-term care and home and community-based long-term services across the country. Research revealed three themes, 1) strategies to improve wages and benefits, 2) education and training, and 3) community support. To improve wages and benefits, many states increased compensation and benefits for DCWs with the implementation of wage pass-throughs, minimum wage increases, and earmarked funds. Education and training efforts were identified as another way to enhance recruitment and retention efforts for the direct care workforce, such as through credential and certification opportunities for workers, as well as standardizing current training requirements. Lastly, increasing community support was identified through advocacy and research efforts specifically aimed at understanding and supporting DCWs. This study seeks to inform policymakers and providers of current initiatives that can be used to address the ongoing workforce crisis.

SUCCESSFUL METHODS FOR ELICITING VIEWS OF DIRECT CARE WORKERS REGARDING NEEDS AND PREFERENCES OF HOME CARE CLIENTS

Abstract Over the past decades, as the recruitment and retention of Direct Care Workers (DCWs) has become a critical issue, numerous studies have sought to elicit workers’ views, particularly on job satisfaction, stressors, and intent to stay. This project, which includes a review of those studies, uncovered a wide variety of methods and approaches, which we are evaluating for use in future studies that would capture direct care worker’s insights regarding the needs and preferences of the people for whom they provide support. In particular, this project, in conjunction with a larger one designed to assess dually-eligible care recipients’ experiences with formal home care, explores methodologies best suited to capturing the congruence of DCWs’ views with those of recipients’ needs and preferences. It would test the hypothesis that DCWs’ assessments may supplement recipients’ insights, and may strengthen advocacy to improve home care access, policies and practices. The presentation will offer a systematic review of methods and instruments, including use of validated tools and those with face validity that addresses culturally relevant factors, as well as the use of focused and hypothesis-generating open-ended interviews that are sensitive to the power relationships and voices of those participants in the endeavor. The presenters will offer potentially innovative practices, such as observation, documentation analysis, and the use of Delphi techniques which draw on the knowledge and expertise of DCWs. The presentation will also draw on studies that utilized technology and social media to reach and engage this study population.

CMRS: A digital twin enabled workers recruitment and task scheduling scheme for future crowdsourcing networks under precedence constraints

In crowdsourcing systems, a challenge arises in efficiently recruiting workers with unknown execution speed to complete tasks with precedence constraints within the shortest possible time. Recent research either only studies recruiting unknown workers or focuses on assigning tasks with precedence constraints, but few works consider both these factors. This paper aims to address this challenge considering all these factors by proposing a digital twin-assisted Combinatorial Multi-arm bandit based multi-round work Recruitment and task Scheduling (CMRS) scheme. Firstly, with the help of digital twin technology, we build digital twin models for crowdsourcing tasks and workers in digital twin layer of platform. And we formulate a Multi-round Workers recruitment and Task scheduling with Precedence constraints (MWTP) problem with the object of minimizing task completion time (makespan) to model the above challenging issue in crowdsourcing computing. The MWTP problem can be divided into two sub-problems, the task scheduling sub-problem and the worker recruitment sub-problem. Secondly, in the CMRS scheme, the differential evolution based task scheduling (DETS) algorithm and CUCB-based worker recruitment (CWR) method are proposed to solve them, respectively. Specifically, for the task scheduling sub-problem, we first propose a priority-driven based task scheduling (PDTS) approximation algorithm to produce a primary solution with an explicit approximation ratio. Then a DETS algorithm is proposed to use the solution of PDTS for initialization and generate a better solution that further improves the performance. For the unknown workers recruitment sub-problem, we use the Combinatorial Multi-Arm Bandit framework to model this, and propose CWR method to learn the computational capabilities of workers while maintaining good performance during multiple rounds of worker recruitment by adding a tuning term to balanced exploration and exploitation. Finally, verified by extensive comparison experiments, the CMRS scheme can achieve the best performance of makespan compared with the baselines in most cases.

Towards intelligent and trustworthy task assignments for 5G-enabled industrial communication systems

With the unprecedented prevalence of IIoT and 5G technology, various applications supported by industrial communication systems have generated exponentially increased processing tasks, which makes task assignment inefficient due to insufficient workers. In this paper, an Intelligent and Trustworthy task assignment method based on Trust and Social relations (ITTS) is proposed for scenarios with many tasks and few workers. Specifically, ITTS first makes initial assignments based on trust and social influences, thereby transforming the complex large-scale industrial task assignment of the platform into the small-scale task assignment for each worker. Then, an intelligent Q-decision mechanism based on workers' social relation is proposed, which adopts the first-exploration-then-utilization principle to allocate tasks. Only when a worker cannot cope with the assigned tasks, it initiates dynamic worker recruitment, thus effectively solving the worker shortage problem as well as the cold start issue. More importantly, we consider trust and security issues, and evaluate the trust and social circles of workers by accumulating task feedback, to provide the platform a reference for worker recruitment, thereby creating a high-quality worker pool. Finally, extensive simulations demonstrate ITTS outperforms two benchmark methods by increasing task completion rates by 56.49%-61.53% and profit by 42.34%-47.19%.

Proposing mobility visas as an alternative to employer sponsorship: Addressing inequalities in the treatment of temporary migrant workers

AbstractMany countries use employer-sponsored visas to regulate migrant worker recruitment. By tying each sponsored migrant to a single employer, employer-sponsored visas have contributed to problems of workers being underpaid and mistreated. Through a critical assessment of temporary visas in Australia, particularly the Temporary Skill Shortage visa, and an analysis of relevant Australian and international literature, we argue that employer-sponsored visas are fundamentally flawed in their design and should be replaced. We consider various alternative options to employer sponsorship for regulating migrant worker recruitment before proposing the creation of a ‘mobility visa’, which would allow migrant workers to move freely between employers. We argue a mobility visa is a superior model for protecting worker equity and voice while also helping to address labour market needs.

Assembling exits and returns: the extraterritorial production of repatriation for Filipino migrant workers

ABSTRACT Research on the extraterritorial processes of migration governance has developed a strong focus on immigration states’ externalisation management and the diaspora strategies of emigration states. In labour migration, the scholarship on migrant-sending states has largely focused on the systematic processes of recruitment and employment of migrant workers; in contrast, the question of how migrant workers are extraterritorially governed in return has received less attention, despite its importance for understanding migration governance beyond sending country jurisdiction. This paper contributes to this area of research by investigating how migrant workers are repatriated from host countries during disruptions. Using assemblage thinking as analytical lens, I consider repatriation as an extraterritorial, emergent process, shaped by the relations among state and non-state actors, material and technological resources, and the role of street-level actors. Focusing on the case of the Philippines, I draw from over 30 key informant interviews with repatriation actors to examine how the exit stage of the repatriation process is constructed, mobilised and negotiated for Filipino migrant workers, in ways that reveal the possibilities and challenges of migrant protection in host countries. The paper shows how assemblage and street-level analysis can illuminate the different ways migration processes emerge amid disturbances in extraterritorial space.

Shortage of Labour Force in Forestry of Bosnia and Herzegovina – Forestry Experts' Opinions on Recruiting and Retaining Forestry Workers

Labour force represents the sum of human physical and mental abilities used for the production of whatever kind of use values. In forestry, the performance of work operations, especially wood harvesting, represents a high-risk, physically intensive, and professionally very demanding activity, which inevitably requires a qualified and sustainable labour force. Professional, skilful and motivated forestry workers are the basic requirement for efficient forestry operations and make a constituent part of todays sustainable forest management. However, the forestry sector has recently been facing the increasing problem of a shortage of forestry workers i.e. the major challenge of obtaining the necessary labour force. The reasons for this are different demographic, economic, technological and political processes, as well as the specifics of the forestry sector itself. Therefore, in addition to some general indicators of the forestry workforce condition in Europe and worldwide, this paper presents forestry experts' reflections on the future perspectives of forest work in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Special attention is paid to current issues and problems in attaining and ensuring the necessary labour force (attitudes on forestry work and the profession of forestry worker, gravity of the labour shortage, leading causes and reasons for the lack of forestry workers) and to possible measures and instruments important for improving the forestry workforce sustainability (factors for successful recruitment of forestry workers, stronger retention of workers, greater work commitment, general forest management issues affecting workforce sustainability, etc.). The opinions of forestry experts in public and private companies were statistically tested for differences. The aim of the study is to sensibilize the sector and the public on the problems of the labour force in forestry, its condition and status, and to create the basis that can contribute to bettering the status and sustainability of the labour force in forestry.

You Got to Look Right! Mapping the Aesthetics of Labor by Exploring the Research Landscape using Bibliometrics

Background: There has been a lot of research interest in ‘aesthetic labor’, especially since 2012. Research has established a strong relationship between aesthetic labor and emotional labor, especially in the service industry. Various constructs have been studied in the context of aesthetic labor, e.g., gender (studies have examined the ways in which gender affects the performance of aesthetic labor and the consequences of gendered expectations for individuals in different professions), body image (aesthetic labor can have significant effects on an individual's body image, as they may feel pressure to conform to certain beauty standards in order to succeed in their profession), self-presentation (studies have examined the relationship between aesthetic labor and self-presentation, including the ways in which individuals may use aesthetic labor to manage their identities), and customer satisfaction (studies have examined the impact of aesthetic labor on customer perceptions of service quality, as well as the ways in which aesthetic labor can be used to improve customer experiences). However, there is a dearth of studies that comprehensively analyze all available literature on aesthetic labor. Therefore, this study aims to bridge this gap. Aims: This study aims to explore the research that appears in the Scopus database and provide a comprehensive review of the literature published on aesthetic labor to find the past and current trends and explore the future scope of research. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to find the most influential articles on ‘aesthetic labor’, explore the spread of research over the years, find the leading sources and countries as far as publications on aesthetic labor are concerned, and investigate the emerging themes in the area of ‘aesthetic labor.’ Methods: The study used VOS viewer to analyze the articles that emerged in the Scopus database by applying the keyword, ‘aesthetic labor’. The search results were restricted to publications in the domains of social sciences, business management and accounting, and psychology, which resulted in 180 articles. Bibliometric analysis (co-occurrence of keywords) was carried out on these 180 publications. Key Results: Work, employment, and society is the leading source for publications. Maximum research in said area has emerged from the United Kingdom, followed by the United States. The themes are the relationship between aesthetic labor and consumption, emotional labor, and gender inequality, emphasizing the need for fair appearance standards and support for employees due to the stress and burnout associated with presenting oneself in a certain way to create a positive customer experience. Intersectionality of discrimination in aesthetic labor, including appearance-based recruitment, emotional exhaustion, and commodification of workers in service industries, negatively impacts their well-being and job satisfaction. The last theme is an adaptation of industry to appeal to male customers and its implications for the gendered nature of aesthetic labor. Conclusion: This study explores important themes that emerged after doing a comprehensive review of the literature published on “aesthetic labor.” Emotional labor discrimination, which is closely associated with aesthetic labor, is the area that has garnered the interest of researchers. However, the education system and the value it assigns to aesthetic labor constitute a further area of inquiry. Understanding how aesthetic labor is perceived and performed in the context of social media, notably photo and video-sharing platforms, is an additional crucial area of study.

Public sector wage compression and wage inequality: gender and geographic heterogeneity

Abstract Studies of wage inequality concentrate on private wages. Public sector wages are typically assumed to contribute to the overall wage equality. We challenge this understanding in an analysis of the relative skill premium in the public versus private sectors. The analysis of heterogeneity across gender and geography is based on rich register data for Norway. The raw data confirm the relative wage compression in the public sector. However, this is a male phenomenon and only prevalent in large cities when unobserved worker and firm characteristics are taken into account. With identification based on shifters between private and public sectors and movers between city-size groups, wage setting for female workers in the public sector increases wage inequality in all regions, particularly in the periphery. The result is consistent with policies promoting the recruitment of high-educated female workers and the expansion of public services in the periphery counterbalancing the desired equality effect of public wages.

Community Role in Ecotourism Development to Improve Local Economy

Situ Cisanti is one of the hundreds of ecotourism objects in Indonesia. The local Government's ecotourism development continues to intensify by involving the surrounding community in Tarumajaya Village. This study focuses on the role of the community around Situ Cisanti in the development of ecotourism to improve the local economy. Using qualitative methods and interviewing some participants, the results of this study found that the community around Situ Cisanti has actively participated in ecotourism development activities. This is evidenced by the high level of community enthusiasm when participating in community role optimization activities organized by the Government and local managers. In addition, in terms of the economic aspect, the community around Situ Cisanti shows an increase. This is demonstrated by the concrete actions of the community who have become economic actors around the Situ Cisanti ecotourism object. The community takes advantage of the existence of tourism in the form of stalls, culinary, coffee, souvenirs and homestays owned by local communities. The most use of ecotourism is in the form of recruitment of casual daily employees, construction workers, shop businesses, coffee businesses, culinary businesses, souvenir businesses, parking businesses and motorcycle taxis. This research contributes mainly to researchers and policy makers about the integration of community participation management in the development of ecotourism in various locations in Indonesia.

OPTIMIZATION OF MULTI CONTRUCTION PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION WITH LIMITED HUMAN RESOURCE, TIME, AND CAPITAL USING THE RESOURCE LEVELING METHOD

The quality and quantity of the number of projects that can be done in units of time into their own selling points for construction service companies in order to continue to compete in the industry. The limitations of human resources, time, and capital are often the problems experienced by companies to meet ever-increasing client demands. This situation needs to be evaluated further. The evaluation of the construction of several construction projects in time can be done by Critical Part Method (CPM) approach to analyze the critical path of a project, Project Evaluation Review Technique (PERT) to know the porsentation of the same project work if done in the future, and Resource Leveling for human resource allocation to avoid recruitment and retraining of workers. Based on research with CPM method, it is found that critical activity is a reference activity that should not be delayed, by using PERT, it can be concluded that some of the allocation and acceleration options of the project can be done based on Z table, and with Resource Leveling, the result of improvement of worker efficiency. This research uses CPM and PERT algorithm to see the allocation of work for multi level and resource leveling as field reference. Effectiveness and efficiency of company performance obtained result of efficiency improvement equal to 24,95% for worker payment and 33,35% for acceleration of project development according to result of research.

Does the distance between the nest and the food source affect the foraging behavior of Nasutitermes corniger (Termitidae)?

Research on food finding by pest termites can be used to inform the development of techniques to control their population; however, there is a paucity of information available on the foraging behavior of Nasutitermes corniger, an urban pest in South America. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of the distance between the nest and food on the exploration and recruitment of N. corniger during foraging behavior under laboratory conditions. Nests containing mature colonies were collected in the field and placed in a glass cube connected to a test arena (50.0 × 40.0 cm) in which Eucalyptus grandis blocks were supplied at three different distances: 10, 20 and 30 cm. In each test, the occurrence of the following events were recorded: initial exploitation, initial recruitment, and mass worker recruitment. Individuals in the blocks were counted at the end of each test and divided into the total number of recruited termites, recruited workers, consuming workers and recruited soldiers. Each test lasted 60 minutes and was repeated with 20 colonies. Nasutitermes corniger foragers showed the three behavioral events of interest at all three distances. The occurrences of initial exploitation and initial recruitment, the latency of the three events and the number of foragers were not affected by the distance between the nest and food. The occurrence of mass worker recruitment was the only event affected by this distance, with higher recruitment at shorter distances.

Credit and quality intelligent learning based multi-armed bandit scheme for unknown worker selection in multimedia MCS

The field of intelligent multimedia systems, which rely heavily on multimodal models trained on large amounts of high-quality data, has been revolutionized by the use of deep learning. One promising approach to collect such multimodal data is Mobile Crowd Sensing (MCS). However, MCS platforms face a significant challenge in selecting both high-credit and high-quality workers at low cost due to the Post-Unknown Worker Recruitment (PUWR) problem. The PUWR problem makes it difficult to determine the credits and qualities of workers in advance, which can lead to the recruitment of dishonest or low-quality workers. This problem severely affects the quality and quantity of MCS data collection, posing a serious threat to the security and robustness of large-scale multimedia models. To address this issue, we propose a Credit and Quality Learning based Multi-Armed Bandit (CQL-MAB) scheme, which consists of a novel credit identification algorithm, a fine-grained worker quality calculation method, and a two-stage reward-based Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) for worker selection in reverse auction. The theoretical proof shows that the CQL-MAB scheme achieves the truthfulness, individual rationality, and efficiency of the auction mechanism. A large number of simulation experiments on real data traces are conducted to demonstrate the outstanding performance of CQL-MAB.

Emerging Health Technologies in Long-Term Care and Suppliers' Views on Their Potential to Assist and Support the Workforce.

Emerging technological advances hold potential to assist the long-term care (LTC) workforce in caring for an aging population in the home and LTC settings. Technology may alter workforce needs and mitigate rising workforce demand. This study identified and assessed emerging technologies that may assist, replace, and/or support recruitment and retention of the LTC workforce and identified barriers and facilitators to their implementation. We identified a variety of technologies with applications for LTC, created a taxonomy of technology types and functions across LTC settings, and conducted semi-structured interviews with a sample of company leaders to assess perceived impact of their products and services on the LTC workforce. Thematic analysis of those interviews found that technology is not currently positioned to replace the LTC workforce but may facilitate work and support worker recruitment and retention. More rigorous evaluation of technologies in LTC and financing mechanisms are needed to support widespread adoption.

Impact of COVID-19 on Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management System: A Scoping Review of Healthcare Workforce Management in COVID-19

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries faced a shortage as well as maldistribution of healthcare workers and a misalignment between healthcare needs and worker skills. In this scoping review, we have sought to identify the country-level responses to health workforce shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the advantages/best practices and disadvantages/lessons learned. We have reviewed 24 scientific papers in four electronic databases: Medline, Web of Science, CINAHL, and TRIP. The main strategies implemented by countries were financial coordination mechanisms, relaxing standards/rules, worker redeployment, recruitment of volunteers, fast-tracking medical students, and using other workforce resources such as the recruitment of inactive healthcare workers and returnees whose registration had lapsed within the preceding 1–2 years. These strategies demonstrated numerous advantages, such as establishing mutual support across nations and organizations, boosting motivation among healthcare workers, and creating a new staffing model for future pandemics. However, several important lessons were also learned during the implementation process. Managing volunteers, including ensuring their safety and allocating them to areas in need, required significant effort and high-level coordination, particularly in the absence of a comprehensive needs assessment.

The Urgency of Social Aspects in Environmental Assessment: A Case Study of a Sustainable Geothermal Power Plant Development in Banyumas, Indonesia

For every large-scale development with the potential to have a significant and essential impact, there must be an environmental assessment first. Geothermal Power Plant Development (GPPD) in Banyumas is classified as a large-scale project. Therefore, an environmental assessment was also carried out before the project started. The initiator has owned the Environmental Management Effort (EM) and Environmental Monitoring Effort (EME) since 2011. Due to a change in planning, the EM and EME were updated again in 2016. Even though the GPPD has the environmental management and monitoring plans, it faces an ongoing resistance from the community during the implementation of the exploration stage. This action may disrupt the exploration process. The purpose of this paper is to find out why there is social upheaval or rejection and demonstrations from society. This study was designed as qualitative research that is descriptive and analytic. Descriptive analysis was based on data, documents resulting from interviews and discussions with various stakeholders who know about cases of community demonstrations against GPPD exploration. The results of the study show that social environmental aspects receive less attention to the affected communities so that when environmental pollution occurs, the community overreacts to the GPPD construction implementers and the government. Supposedly, if the social environment aspect is carried out proportionally, then there will be no resistance from the community. In this case, the executors of the development have been bothered and even disrupted the development process itself. The social aspects that are less proportional are limited socialization, inaccurate ecological delineation, late recruitment of local workers, and insufficient involvement of NGOs.

Optimal growth with labor market frictions

AbstractIn this paper, I build a capital accumulation model in which labor has to be alternatively employed in the production of goods or in the recruitment of workers. Within this setting, I show that (i) the intensive measure of capital may converge towards its stationary value in a non‐monotonic manner, (ii) Pareto‐optimal allocations can also be achieved in a decentralized environment in which the wage is indexed to labor market tightness, and (iii) the consistency of the wage that implements efficient allocations with the competitiveness of the market for goods relies on vanishing values of the discount rate.

A decentralized trust inference approach with intelligence to improve data collection quality for mobile crowd sensing

Mobile Crowd Sensing (MCS) has been recognized as a promising param to construct numerous applications by employing enormous workers to perceive and collect data. The quality of MCS depends on the quality of the data submitted by the workers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to gain the trust of workers. In this paper, we propose a Decentralized Trust Inference (DTI) approach to improve data collection quality for MCS, mainly including the following components: (a) A trust evaluation method is proposed to obtain trust baselines of different levels, which can be used to assess the trust of workers. In addition, a data filling scheme on the basis of Bayesian Probabilistic Matrix Factorization (BPMF) is adopted to fill data when there is no credible baseline in the region. (b) Based on the DTI approach, we propose a worker recruitment method according to the priority of trust and bid ratio. Then, by preferentially selecting reliable and low-bid workers, we can improve data quality and reduce costs. Finally, theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed scheme.