Recruitment Channels Research Articles

A mould-breaking cabinet? Changes and continuities in the formation of the 2017 French government

Emmanuel Macron’s election as President of the Republic and the formation of a government that includes a mix of politicians from parties on the left and right of the political spectrum, as well as a significant share of non-partisan ministers, has been hailed by numerous commentators as an unprecedented overhaul of France’s political life. This article examines how the two cabinets formed under prime minister Edouard Philippe in the shadow of the 2017 presidential and parliamentary elections compare to previous governments in the Fifth Republic. The analysis reveals a less than revolutionary break with previous patterns of government size, channels of ministerial recruitment, portfolio allocation, gender balance, and ethnic diversity.

How do social enterprises recruit workers? The case of social enterprises in Thailand

This paper bridges the literatures on social enterprises and human resource management to examine the recruitment practices, specifically the recruitment channels, that are utilized by social enterprises to attract workers and how and why these practices differ from those used by more mainstream organizations. It uses the cross-case analysis approach and evaluates four different social enterprises in Thailand. These four social enterprises are located in different industries, including food and beverages, textiles and garments, printing and publishing, and entertainment and media. The case study evidence draws on semi-structured interviews, field visits and observations, and a review of archival documents and web resources. Through these case studies, this paper proposes that social enterprises typically utilize sub-stream or alternative recruitment channels that differ from those used by more mainstream organizations in order to attract qualified workers whose beliefs and attitudes are consistent with the objectives of social enterprises, to avoid severe competition in the labor market, and to foster the internal development of their employees over time. Thus, the findings of this paper extend the literature on human resource management, specifically on recruitment and selection practices, regarding how and why small and emerging organizations such as social enterprises compete with mainstream organizations to survive severe competition in the labor market.

Urban concentration and labour market linkages in the Norwegian ICT services sector

ABSTRACTBuilding on research that emphasizes the dependence of services firms on the networks and experiences of individual employees, this paper investigates the urban concentration of information and communication technology services employment in Norway from the perspective of labour market linkages. It finds that urban regions generally provide firms with access to sector-specific expertise. Beyond this, intrinsic region characteristics determine the position of individual firms in national labour markets for expertise: Firms in the dominant university town have strong contact points to academic labour markets, whereas firms in the industrial stronghold of the Western Capital region exploit a broader range of recruitment channels than firms in any of the other urban and non-urban locations. The results illustrate how capability building through recruitment is influenced by local conditions, and imply that the industry will continue to concentrate in the large-city regions where surrounding organizations provide firms with priveliged access to expertise. Implications for research, innovation policy and societal development more generally are drawn.

Recruitment and selection in the opinion of small and medium enterprises employees

This article relates to the recruitment of employees for the vacancies. Authors discuss theoretical questions related to employment planning, candidates’ identification and their selection, which would lead to employment. Additionally, this article presents a self-study based on the research carried out among employees from small and medium enterprises of Silesian Voivodship. The aim of this article is to determine theoretical fundamentals of recruitment channels and selection methods used in small and medium enterprises as well as their evaluation with regards to the possibilities of self-presentation and the level of difficulty.

Recruitment of Community College Students Into a Web-Assisted Tobacco Intervention Study.

BackgroundUnited States college students, particularly those attending community colleges, have higher smoking rates than the national average. Recruitment of such smokers into research studies has not been studied in depth, despite a moderate amount information on study recruitment success with smokers from traditional four-year colleges. Recruitment channels and success are evolving as technology evolves, so it is important to understand how to best target, implement, and evaluate recruitment strategies.ObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to both qualitatively and quantitatively explore recruitment channels (eg, mass email, in-person referral, posted materials) and their success with enrollment into a Web-Assisted Tobacco Intervention study in this priority population of underserved and understudied smokers.MethodsQualitative research methods included key informant interviews (n=18) and four focus groups (n=37). Quantitative research methods included observed online responsiveness to any channel (n=10,914), responses from those completing online screening and study consent (n=2696), and responses to a baseline questionnaire from the fully enrolled study participants (n=1452).ResultsQualitative results prior to recruitment provided insights regarding the selection of a variety of recruitment channels proposed to be successful, and provided context for the unique attributes of the study sample. Quantitative analysis of self-reported channels used to engage with students, and to enroll participants into the study, revealed the relative utilization of channels at several recruitment points. The use of mass emails to the student body was reported by the final sample as the most influential channel, accounting for 60.54% (879/1452) of the total enrolled sample.ConclusionsRelative channel efficiency was analyzed across a wide variety of channels. One primary channel (mass emails) and a small number of secondary channels (including college websites and learning management systems) accounted for most of the recruitment success.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01692730; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01692730 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6qEcFQN9Q)

Text and Mobile Media Smoking Cessation Service for Young Adults in South Texas: Operation and Cost-Effectiveness Estimation.

To realize the promising potential of services delivered via smart phones to help young adults quit smoking at a high level of cost-efficiency, we constructed a texting and mobile media system that was promoted in South Texas via social media advertising and other recruitment channels. During the 6-month service period described here, enrollments were achieved for 798 participants with a mean age of 29.3 years. Seven-month texted follow-up found that 21% (171) of the enrollees reported abstinence at that point. This is consistent with high rates of success found in studies of telephone counseling for young adults and confirms that text and mobile media service specifically designed for young adults provide a feasible and potentially cost-effective approach to promoting cessation.

Finding the right employee online: determinants of internet recruitment in Spanish firms

ABSTRACTThis paper analyses the variation of recruitment strategies in Spanish firms, with special emphasis on the Internet. Using data from the Spanish Labour Trends Survey for the period 2001–2011, we study the factors influencing the decision to use online recruitment and explore the differences between Internet and eight traditional recruitment channels. Our results show that the adoption of the Internet monotonically increases over the sample period, when Internet becomes more universal and even in periods with excess of applicants. Large firms operating in information-intensive activities, and located in regions more developed and with better infrastructures are more likely to search for new employees online. We also find that Internet and traditional recruitment methods follow different patterns, especially when using personal referrals and public employment services. Our results suggest the presence of network externalities derived from the increase number of compatible online job seekers.

The ‘great escape' from Italian Universities: Do labour market recruitment channels matter?

This paper deals with the role that an extensive use at local level of informal networks to match workers to jobs can play in the university enrolments decisions of low socioeconomic status students in Italy. By applying probit model techniques to ISTAT microdata, I find that upper-secondary students coming from lower social classes are less likely to participate in higher education when they live in provinces in which the percentage of individuals who found their job thanks to the help of friends, relatives and acquaintances is higher. My results are consistent with the hypothesis that the wide diffusion of ‘favoritism’ in local labour markets engenders a sense of ‘economic despair’ among those who are poorly connected, thereby damaging individual human capital accumulation, inequality of access to higher education and local socio-economic development.

The roles of internships in encouraging university students to join political parties

PurposePolitical parties in Hong Kong are eager to recruit university students and internship programs are a major recruitment channel for them. However, studies on the influences of political internship programs on university students are few and have mainly been conducted in Western democracies. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the roles of political party internship programs in encouraging university and community college students to join political parties in Hong Kong, a semi-democratic autonomous region of China.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on the insights gained from semi-structured interviews with a small sample of former party interns.FindingsThis paper found that party internship programs can play three major roles in encouraging students at higher education institutions to join a political party. They are: exposing students to the recruitment efforts of the party, helping students who have no political aspirations to generate a desire to join, and providing an opportunity for those already considering joining to ascertain if the party is really suitable for them.Originality/valueThis paper shows that political internships in semi-democratic regimes like Hong Kong can play similar roles as those in Western democracies to stimulate some university students to pursue a career in politics and help those already considering a political career to ascertain their goals. This paper also shows that these stimulating and confirming effects could also apply to the application for party membership.

The Recruitment of Youth Political Elites During Transformations in Central and Eastern Europe and Arab Mediterranean Countries: A Comparative Approach

This paper aims to describe and compare the mechanisms for the recruitment of youth political elites in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the Arab Mediterranean countries (AMC) during and after the periods of social and political transformation that were the breakdown of the communist bloc in 1989 and the uprisings in the southern and eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East in 2011. While the early expectations were for a similar course of events in the two regions, at present it is the differences in the factors and consequences of the mass mobilisations that capture most scholarly attention. The analysis in this paper is based on desk research and rich quantitative and qualitative datasets from five AMCs carried out in the framework of the SAHWA Project funded by the th FP of the EC. Young people’s active engagement in institutional politics is the major channel for political recruitment into the politically relevant elite both in post-1989 CEE and in the AMCs after 2011. The official channels for youth elite recruitment, such as working in support of political parties, in election campaigns and specialised leadership training are often underpinned by young people’s families’ economic, social and cultural capital (in a more direct form in the AMCs and a more covert form in CEE).

Paid and Unpaid Online Recruitment for Health Interventions in Young Adults

PurposeThere is a growing need to identify new and innovative approaches to recruit representative samples of young adults in health intervention research. The current study used a data set of screening information from an online well-being intervention trial of young adults, to investigate cost-effectiveness of different recruitment strategies and whether the clinical and demographic characteristics of participants differed depending on paid or unpaid online recruitment sources. MethodsData were collected from 334 18- to 25-year-old Australians. The study was advertised through a variety of paid and unpaid online recruitment channels (e.g., Google, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, recruitment agency), with response rates to different recruitment channels tracked using unique Web links. Well-being of participants was measured using the Mental Health Continuum Short Form. Analyses consisted of independent t tests and χ2 tests. ResultsOverall, unpaid recruitment channels had a considerably higher yield than paid recruitment channels. Of paid recruitment channels, a recruitment agency and paid Facebook advertisements attracted the largest number of individuals. This study also found differences between paid and unpaid online recruitment channels with regard to the well-being and mood of participants. ConclusionsAlthough the success of online recruitment channels is likely subject to a complex interplay between the number of exposures, the targeted sample, the wording, and placement of the advertisement, as well as study characteristics, our study demonstrated that unpaid recruitment channels are more effective than paid channels and that paid and unpaid channels may result in samples with different characteristics.

Федеральная административная элита России: карьерные пути и каналы рекрутирования

The article presents the results of a study of channels of recruitment and career paths of members of the administrative elite of the Russian Federation, conducted in 2013‑2014. Federal administrative elite was understood as a set of persons occupying key positions in the structures of Russian presidential and executive power. The source of empirical data is a biographical database which contains information about 575 senior administrators, including the president and key officials of his administration; government members, deputy ministers, heads of federal services and agencies and their deputies, as well as principal officials of government apparatus. The analysis led to a number of major conclusions. First, with all the variety of career paths, the dominant trends are internal recruitment and professionalization of high officials: administrative structures, primarily federal, are the main source of elite cadres. Second, the militarization of the administrative elite is essential, but outside the force structures themselves it is not the prevailing trend of recruitment, being more pronounced in the presidential administration than among governmental and ministerial elite. Third, the management of economic structures is a significant, but usually indirect source of recruitment of elite administrators, and plutocratization is most typical for the ministries responsible for the regulation of the branches of the economy. Although some administrators are from the economic elite of the federal level, in general, to judge by the composition of the higher officialdom, inter-factional elite mobility is not high. Finally, the federal Parliament (and in general, representative bodies of various levels) plays a secondary role as a supplier of not only administrative elite in general, but even members of the government, which in many advanced capitalist democracies have traditionally been recruited from the deputies. Relatively weak incidence of parliamentary careers among the government elite reflects the specificity of the political system of modern Russia, characterized by weakness of parliamentary institutions.

Informal networks, spatial mobility and overeducation in the Italian labour market

This paper investigates the impact of the use of the informal recruitment channel (relatives and friends) on the probability of being overeducated in the Italian labour market, taking into account its impact on spatial flexibility. We argue that the informal recruitment channel may increase job–education mismatches both directly (by inducing some workers to undertake careers in industries, professions, or firms where their comparative productive advantage is not fully exploited) and indirectly by negatively affecting spatial flexibility. In order to test these hypotheses, we estimate probit models with self-selection using ISFOL Plus survey data providing information on labour market entry channels, job-related migration and a “subjective” measure of overeducation. We find a robust positive impact of the use of the informal channel on overeducation and a robust negative effect of the use of this channel on migration. On the other hand, we find that migration reduces overeducation only in some geographical areas of the Italian territory. Overall, these findings suggest that a reform of employment services in Italy is needed in order to favour spatial flexibility, reduce the use of the informal channel and enhance the quality of job–education matches.

Facebook, Twitter, & Qr codes: An exploratory trial examining the feasibility of social media mechanisms for sample recruitment

This study examined the effectiveness of three social media based recruitment channels for sampling rural adolescent populations for online health research. At present, there is no consensus on the optimal social media based vehicle for recruiting adolescents due to limited research. This exploratory study compared Facebook ads, Twitter, and QR code postcards at three different but demographically similar rural high schools. The results showed that QR codes had the highest response percentage and the lowest cost per recruited participant, whereas Twitter had the lowest response percentage and Facebook had the highest cost per recruited participant. Although this is the first time QR codes were examined in this context, it seemed to show potential in online health research. The findings are interpreted from a variety of theoretical and conceptual frameworks. Applications of each recruitment channel are discussed and suggestions are provided for future research.

The Structure Of The Political Elites In Polyethnic Republics Of The North Caucasus

This article describes the features of the motion, the channels of recruitment and aspirations of the elites in the North Caucasus. It is important to keep track of the role of political elites to control the interaction in the region, to identify their interests, resources, influence, positive and destructive factors in their activities. The article analyzes the ethnic composition (proportional representation of titular nations, the principles of parity) in representative government in the North Caucasus (Dagestan, Adygea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia), mechanisms of occurrence of ethnoelites to the state and municipal authorities. During the formation of public authorities in the region, the political leadership of the country since the Soviet era adhered to “ethnicity”, “national quotas”. But at the present stage of development of the political system in Russia, the federal center began to use democratic mechanisms of local authorities, which makes regional political elites to seek new approaches in the political struggle.

Making the right move. Investigating employers’ recruitment strategies

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate employers’ recruitment strategies to address distinct job-related agency problems before establishing an employment relationship. Insights from agency theory and the social embeddedness perspective are combined to hypothesize whether and why employers adapt their recruitment strategies to the job type (differing in level of discretion) for which they are externally hiring.Design/methodology/approach– The hypotheses are empirically tested using data from a survey of 288 Dutch employers. Questions were asked about the two types of jobs. Multi-level logistic regression analysis is applied to investigate the effect of social context on the choice of recruitment strategy. In addition to that, separate analyses are conducted for the two job types, using logistic regression analysis.Findings– As predicted, employers have the tendency to use informal recruitment channels more often for jobs with high degree of discretion (i.e. managerial, professional, and specialists jobs (MPS)) than for jobs with low degree of discretion (i.e. administrative and supporting jobs). In addition, the type of information transmitted through employers’ social contacts matters for their recruitment strategies. In particular, the reliable and trustworthy information from contacts with friends and family is more important for MPS jobs. This seems to be the way employers deal with the high agency costs characterizing this type of jobs.Originality/value– This study extends prior research as follows. First, while earlier studies more closely looked at why organizations use formal or informal recruitment, this study specifically focusses on the role the job type plays in the hiring process. Second, it provides an extension of agency theory by including job type in the analyses. And, third, the study examines how the networks of employers, rather than employees, affect the hiring process.

Smoking cessation behavioural therapy in disadvantaged neighbourhoods: an explorative analysis of recruitment channels.

BackgroundThe optimum channel(s) used to recruit smokers living in disadvantaged neighbourhoods for smoking cessation behavioural therapy (SCBT) is unknown. This paper examines the channels through which smokers participating in a free, multi-session SCBT programme heard about and were referred to this service in a disadvantaged neighbourhood, and compares participants’ characteristics and attendance between channels.Methods109 participants, recruited from free SCBT courses in disadvantaged areas of two cities in the Netherlands, underwent repeated surveys. Participants were asked how they heard about the SCBT and who referred them. Participant characteristics were compared between five channels, including the General Practitioner (GP), a community organisation, word of mouth, another health professional, and media or self-referred. Whether the channels through which people heard about or were referred to the service predicted attendance of ≥4 sessions was investigated with logistic regression analysis.ResultsOver a quarter of the participants had no or primary education only, and more than half belonged to ethnic minority populations. Most participants heard through a single channel. More participants heard about (49 %) and were referred to (60 %) the SCBT by the (GP) than by any other channel. Factors influencing quit success, including psychosocial factors and nicotine dependence, did not differ significantly between channel through which participants heard about the SCBT. No channel significantly predicted attendance.ConclusionThe GP was the single most important source to both hear about and be referred to smoking cessation behavioural therapy in a disadvantaged neighbourhood. A majority of participants of low socioeconomic or ethnic minority status heard about the programme through this channel. Neither the channel through which participants heard about or were referred to the therapy influenced attendance. As such, concentrating on the channel which makes use of the existing infrastructure and which is highest yielding, the GP, would be an appropriate strategy if recruitment resources were scarce.

A Qualitative Study of Attitudes, Motivation and Perception of Blood Donors towards Blood Donation in a Tertiary Care Hospital

BACKGROUND: There are various barriers to donating blood that influence the behavior of people towards blood donation such as cultural beliefs in some ethnic groups, socio-economic factors, their knowledge or lack of knowledge with regards to blood donation and other issues AIM & OBJECTIVE: To establish motivational and socio-demographic factors for the development of a long-term commitment as a blood donor. METHODOLOGY: Questionnaire-based study collected from 310 participants containing 22 items, including socio-demographic information, donors’ evaluation of blood bank service and 23 statements on motivation. Data on motivation was analyzed using factor analysis. RESULTS: Representation of males (85.4%) for donation was much higher compared to females (14.6%).Unemployed individuals were found to be under-represented. The single, most important, recruitment channel was the influence of active blood donors. CONCLUSION: Most donors were recruited by other donors. Their continued involvement as blood donors was primarily linked to altruistic and empathic reasons.

Syphilis infection and its high risk factors among men who have sex with men by different recruitment channels

To understand the syphilis infection and its high risk factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) recruited from different channels. Supported by the China-Gates Foundation HIV program from July to December 2011, we cooperated with community based organizations to conduct syphilis testing intervention among MSM from 14 cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing, Harbin, Shenyang, Qingdao, Xi'an, Nanjing, Wuhan, Hangzhou, Changsha, Kunming, and Guangzhou) and one province (Hainan province). Participants were recruited from different channels by the staff of local CBOs, Demographic (e.g. age, marital status, and education) and behavioral (e.g. condom use and sexual partners) data were collected using anonymous questionnaires. Blood samples were also collected to test for syphilis. A total of 34 100 MSM participated in the survey. Participants were excluded from data analysis (1 399, 4.1%) if they did not receive syphilis tests or they completed less than 80.00% of the key questions in the survey. Chi-square tests were used to understand the socio-demographic and behavioral differences between each group. Results of syphilis tests were also compared. Logistic regression models were used to test the statistical significance of these differences. A total of 32 701 MSM were enrolled and received syphilis testing. The average age of participates was 30.96 ± 9.57. And among them, 2 284 cases (7.0%) were recruited from gay bathhouses, 4 774 (14.6%) from gay bars, 6 266 (19.2%) from the internet, 1 997 (6.1%) from the parks/toilets and 17 380 (53.1%) from other channels. MSM recruited from the bathhouses had the highest syphilis infection rate than other 4 groups: gaybars (4.5%, 216/4 774), internet (6.7%, 422/6 266), parks/toilets (8.3%, 166/1 997), other channels (6.4%, 1 103/17 380) (χ² = 164.58, P < 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being > 20 years of age (P < 0.001), having more than 2 homosexual partners in recent 3 months (8.0% (1 408/17 714), OR (95% CI) = 1.44 (1.04-1.98)), having no sex with females in past 3 months (6.8% (1 446/21 276), OR (95% CI) = 1.25 (1.07-1.46)), and not using condom at last anal sex (8.0% (769/9 668), OR (95% CI) = 1.13 (1.03-1.25)) were associated with a higher probability of being infected with syphilis. Whereas MSM married (7.2% (456/6 305), OR (95% CI) = 0.84 (0.73-0.98)), having a college or a higher education (5.3% (829/15 684), OR (95% CI) = 0.60 (0.53-0.67)), being local residents (6.5% (1 843/28 185), OR (95% CI) = 0.73 (0.61-0.87)) and living in the local province of project cities (6.6% (170/2 593), OR (95% CI) = 0.67 (0.53-0.85)) were protective factors. MSM who were recruited from gay bathhouses have a higher rate of syphilis infection than those in channels relatively. They are older, with low education levels and high-risk sexual behaviors. Tailored interventions are required in the future, especially for MSM from gay bathhouses.

High risks of HIV transmission for men who have sex with men--a comparison of risk factors of HIV infection among MSM associated with recruitment channels in 15 cities of China.

ObjectiveWhile the HIV epidemic varies greatly by region and population group throughout China, the HIV incidence among men who have sex with men (MSM) continues to rise at an alarmingly fast pace. We seek to analyze the risk factors associated with HIV infection among MSM recruited from different channels in large urban centers across China, in an attempt to shed light on the design of future targeted intervention strategies.MethodsA total of 33,684 MSM from 14 cities and one province were recruited from July to December 2011. Demographic (e.g. age, marital status, education) and behavioral (e.g. condom use, HIV testing history) data were collected using information collection cards. Blood samples were also collected to test for HIV and Syphilis.ResultsParticipants were recruited from five different channels, and all demonstrated distinct characteristics. The overall rate of positive HIV screening was 6.27% and the rate of syphilis infection was 6.50%. Participants recruited from bathhouses had the highest HIV (11.80%) and syphilis infection rates (11.20%). Participants who were infected with syphilis had the highest HIV-positive screening rate (13.75%; 95% CI OR, 2.33-3.06). living in the southwest region of the country (11.64%; OR=2.76, 95%CI OR 2.19-3.47), Being >20 years of age (P<0.001), living in the southwest region of the country (OR=2.76, 95%CI 2.19-3.47), not having sex with female over the previous 3 months (OR=1.27, 95%CI 1.09-1.48), no condom use during the last anal intercourse (OR=1.54, 95%CI 1.39-1.70) and other factors were all associated with a higher probability of having an HIV-positive test result.ConclusionDepending on the way they are recruited, more targeted interventions are required to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS among MSM with different characteristics and behaviors. Results from this study could provide evidence for researchers to conduct further studies and policy-makers to establish more effective and strategic interventions for MSM in China.