Recreational Clusters Research Articles

Механизм поддержки внедрения инноваций предприятиями сферы туризма в условиях формирования туристско-рекреационных кластеров

Механизм поддержки внедрения инноваций предприятиями сферы туризма в условиях формирования туристско-рекреационных кластеров

Historical Heritage and Ethno-cultural Traditions as a Development Resource of the Tourist Potential of Regions

The topic of historical and cultural heritage attracts attention in a variety of spheres, including tourism. Cultural tourism is one of the most popular types of tourism, which includes numerous ways of acquaintance of travellers with the cultural heritage of various cities, regions, and countries. From this perspective, the possibility of using the historical heritage and ethno-cultural traditions of the regions of the Russian Federation provides an important basis for the development of tourism. The paper considers the concept of “cultural tourism” and examines notable examples from the world practice of organising the objects of historical significance. The analysis suggests that the tourist and recreational clusters represent an effective tool for preserving the ways of life and cultural habits of the peoples of Russia. The author points out that a fundamental difference in the views of Russians about interesting and noteworthy sights in their regions of residence exists, and it must be taken into account in the process of the development of the local tourism concepts. Finally, the author points to the key role of the economic and socio-cultural balance in the development of tourism in the regions, as such balance determines the success of efforts to preserve and popularise the local historical and ethno-cultural heritage.

Туристские кластеры как основа развития регионального туризма (на примере Белгородской области)

The cluster approach in the tourism industry in transition economies is very relevant and is associated with a number of features in the industry. The article reveals the concept and features of a regional tourism cluster, traces the genesis of this concept, examines the objective conditions for the emergence of a cluster and its elements and structure. The author distinguishes stages of cluster formation and analyzes the factors and possible ways of development. The author substantiates the necessity for use of the cluster approach in tourism and the formation of regional tourism clusters performing the socio-economic, natural and ecological, recreational and economic functions in the entities’ territories of the Russian Federation. An emerging regional tourism and recreation cluster of Belgorod region is considered as the object of the study. Taking into account the assessment of the tourism potential, the level of infrastructure development, transport, environment, territorial structure of the region, the author conducted zoning of Belgorod region and identified seven tourism and recreation areas, outlined the prospects of their development. This study has allowed to determine in the region potential inter-regional clusters emerging, developing and having possibilities to be created. Military and historical, rural, event tourism are recognized as the promising development directions of regional tourism cluster. According to the author’s opinion, the creation of the cluster system will significantly improve the efficiency of the regional tourism market and strengthen its competitive position in the Russian market of the tourism industry.

Contrasting collective preferences for outdoor recreation and substitutability of nature areas using hot spot mapping

This paper investigates one specific cultural ecosystem service: outdoor recreation. We present a method to map the collective preferences for outdoor recreation and to identify the substitutability among nature sites in the context of the province of Antwerp, Belgium. We propose an indicator of substitutability among nature areas, contrasting unique but poorly substitutable sites (hot spots) with highly substitutable sites (cold spots). Using a combination of survey information, public participation GIS (PPGIS) and kernel density mapping, we produce density surfaces representing the distribution of the collective preferences for outdoor recreation and identify the spatial characteristics of the market (e.g. extent, discontinuities) for outdoor recreation. We also compute Getis-Ord Gi* spatial statistics to identify local outdoor recreation clusters. In addition, we explore how recreational behaviour affects substitutability. Our results suggest a duality between the social value of outdoor recreation and the level of substitutability among nature sites. Highly substitutable sites tend to be found near areas of higher population density, which are as well highly visited sites. The type of recreational activity – hiking, cycling, dog walking or jogging – appears to substantially modify substitutability patterns among nature sites. We conclude by discussing the methodological implications of this research in the context of stated preference ecosystem service valuation and stress several policy-related implications.

Историческая основа и стратегические перспективы проектирования муниципального туристского продукта в кемеровской области (на примере Чебулинского муниципального района)

In accordance with the strategy of the tourism cluster development of Kuzbass which aim is to promote domestic
 tourism product and expand the range of tourist services, the authors discuss the directions of development of
 municipal Chebulinsky district as a tourist destination, focusing on its unique historical, cultural and natural
 heritage. The authors explain the techniques and methods of museumification, reconstruction and updating of
 historical and cultural heritage with specific examples. They pay special attention to ethnographic heritage of the area, extent of its knowledge and its possible application in modern social and cultural environment, the
 formation of the tourist product based on it. Authors note that scientists carried out very little the ethnographic
 studies on the territory of municipal Chebulinsky district of the Kemerovo region, but ritual traditions of the
 areas are original and unique. The authors pay attention to the fact that the contemporary museumification
 of historical and cultural heritage requires an integrated approach: the safeguarding of the intangible cultural
 heritage is no less important than the preservation of material objects. Important components of material
 culture that can be the objects of museumification or reconstruction are the immovable objects of historical
 and cultural heritage: residential and commercial buildings, religious buildings. Giving specific examples of
 objects, the authors see opportunities for the development of religious tourism in the area. In addition, the
 authors emphasize the promotion of information about tourist and recreational cluster in the information
 space. Summing up, the authors pay attention to the fact that the project-innovative development of a tourist
 destination to Chebulinsky municipal district of the Kemerovo region is feasible through the organization of
 special events. For these events, it is necessary to create a complex of integrated projects, which is socially
 significant for the region strategic.

The system of indicators for regional cluster formation assessment

The article shows the result of working-out the cluster formation assessment system, and each indicator of this system reflect the specific clusters property - cooperation and efficiency Completeness and depth of the system of indicators provided by systematic approach and a representing of quantitative and qualitative aspects of cluster formation process. A feature of the technique is the use of indicators that require a special accounting and enable tracking of a certain stage of cluster development. Testing the system of indicators produced by the example on the tourism industry, which is due, firstly, the high development rate of the tourist services sphere in comparison with the branches of material production, and, secondly, the increased interest in the establishment of regional tourism and recreation clusters with the country's leadership. Quantitative indicators of the formation and development of tourism and recreation clusters – geographic proximity of companies cluster members, the effectiveness of the sector for the regional economy, innovation activity, exports of goods and services, intended for the regions of the South and the North Caucasian Federal District. Universality technique ensures its empirical base - official data from Rosstat, the Federal Agency for Tourism, as well as the results of mass opinion polls carried out in all regions of the country as part of the annual “"Monitoring the quality of public and municipal services” (on the Republic of Kalmykia material). In general, we believe that the application of the developed system of indicators will contribute to intensify and improve the quality of cluster policy, implemented by the regional executive bodies and local authorities.

Management of the sustainable development of the Baikal natural territory in Russia

Lake Baikal is a UNESCO World natural Heritage Site. Today a number of apparent contradictions between the ongoing economic activity in the region and the preservation of the Baikal natural territory (BNT) and the lake Baikal exist. The research is devoted to the foundation and development of proposals for the improvement of the economic and organisational activities and legislative measures that would ensure the preservation of Baikal. The analysis of increasing recreational pressure on the coastal zone and the waters of Lake Baikal was started. A pilot case studies of the development of tourism show that the main problem is the weak tourist infrastructure. Special attention is given to the formation of tourist and recreational cluster and economic zones. The main results are the proposals on the harmonisation of economic activities within the BNT. Changes in federal legislation, which allow the necessary economic activities to ensure sustainable development of the BNT, were proposed.

INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIALIZED ENTERPRISES OF RECREATIONAL INDUSTRY IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

The aspects of strategic development of specialized recreational industry businesses have been studied in the article. Special importance is given to providing innovative development of specialized recreational industry businesses by means of creating a recreational cluster. The clusters help enterprises to manage economically available resources and use in the right way investments, and these two features are necessary conditions for survival of small and middle businesses. The clusters form a unique basics for the development of innovative activity, boasting productivity of small and middle businesses. Recreational cluster, as an interaction system of specialized recreational industry businesses on the basis of such components as production, information support, combination of producers’ interests, providers, agents of services with the purpose of single mechanism formation, have been suggested. Main advantages of a recreational cluster model during organizing the activity of a specialized business were singled out. The logical structural schemes of a recreational cluster in the market of tourism services in Ivano-Frankivsk region and the system of indexes that characterize the quality of economic environment to form a recreational cluster have been introduced.

Formation of Regional Tourism and Recreational Cluster

The goal of this article is to define tendencies of developing the tourism and recreational cluster of the Volgograd Region and explain promising directions of its development. In order to achieve the set goals, the following tasks were determined and subsequently solved: the actual state of tourism and recreational complex of the region was analyzed, factors of competitive ability of the tourism sector of economy in the Volgograd Region were revealed, the model of regional tourism and recreational cluster was developed, and strategic tasks and cluster projects aiming to solve them were defined. In order to implement the Strategy of developing the tourism cluster of the Volgograd Region, the author has developed a number of events that provide access to and receipt of the required resources for implementing cluster projects. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5s2p142

The Role of Clusters in the Economic Development of the North-West Regions of Russia

The purpose of this paper is to identify problems in innovation and show the role of clusters in the innovative development of the North-West regions of Russia. A characteristic feature of the present stage of economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation is the transition to an innovative socially oriented model of economic development based mainly on the generation, dissemination and use of knowledge. Analysis of policy documents on the federal, as well as macro-regional level regarding issues of strategy of innovative development has shown that the transition to an innovative model of development at the regional level is largely related to formation of clusters: High-tech clusters in urban areas; Clusters focused on the deep processing of raw materials and energy with the use of modern technologies in underdeveloped areas; Tourist and recreational clusters in areas with unique natural and climatic conditions; Transport and logistics clusters in areas with favorable geographical position. Great attention to the practical issues of creating clusters is also paid to the regional level. In the strategic development documents of the most of the subjects in the North-West of Russia specific clusters are identified, which could become locomotives of innovation development of the regional economy. The most common in the regions of North-West are the following clusters: forest, tourism, manufacturing, transport and logistics. Analysis of regional practices on creating clusters showed that they are mainly based on the existing specialization of regional economies. Insufficient attention is paid to identify and support of new innovative clusters, and formation of inter-regional clusters.

Экономический кризис как стимул развития рекреационно-туристского комплекса Северного Подмосковья

The article examines the development of domestic tourism as an example of recreational and tourist complex in the Northern suburbs of the Moscow region. High tourist and recreational potential of the Russian Federation and its subjects is far from being fully utilized. This requires the combined efforts of all agencies involved in the tourism sector and create conditions for the effective development of tourist-recreational and spa complex in Russia, including in Moscow. The methodology of research is relatively laid-analytical, historical and geographical methods, which include the analysis of the basic regulations for tourism development at the federal and regional levels, the elaboration of plans and strategies for socio-economic development of cities and districts of the Moscow region, stock and literary materials, sociological surveys of population and decision-makers. The article made a brief analysis of objects of historical, cultural and recreational tourism in the region. Recreational resources are extremely rich in Moscow suburbs and include hundreds of travel sites. The Moscow region has a very high concentration of historical and cultural monuments. Despite some rise of tourism activities in the Moscow region in recent years, so far, the industry has not qualified for the high level of the budget of the region, which is observed in the metropolitan suburbs of developed countries. The article presents guidelines for creating the tourist and recreational zone cluster «Northern Moscow suburbs» that would specialize in cultural, educational, event-related, scientific, educational, ecological and local tourism, business, pilgrimage, sports, ski tourism and the development of leisure. For the development of tourism in the Northern Moscow suburbs, recommended are the following activities: design and development of the recreation and tourism zone cluster; development and implementation of regional programs and strategies for tourism development at the municipal level; assessment and inventory of recreation and tourism, educational and cognitive potentials of the region; Established are effective mechanisms for the conversion of recreational and tourism resources in the tourism product; development of rural types of tourism; tourism industry transition to an innovative, community-oriented and spatially balanced pattern of economic development; the development of cruise tourism on the channel of the Moscow and Volga rivers.

THE ANALYSIS OF CLUSTER FORMATION PROJECTS IN RECREATIONAL SECTOR OF NIKOLAYEV REGION

The analysis of the existing recreational sphere of Mykolayiv region was made, both –on local level and at the state level. Previous experience of application clusters in Nikolayev region and other regions of Ukraine has been appreciated and considered, consequently, identified the main weaknesses and mistakes. Promotion measures of recreation clusters, which include the provision of the physical and spiritual recreation of the working population, and those who come to the region, have been shown. It allows to develop new lines of business, including in the new sectors of the economy, showing the advantages of its use in economics of Nikolayev region and in Ukraine in general at the stage of formation. The recommendations to address deficiencies, which were previously admitted, were provided, with the view to build a model of recreational clusters in perspective.

Перспективы имиджмейкинга как важного средства развития туристского сервиса в Самаре

The article discusses the prospects and objectives of Samara’s image-making for the growth of tourist potential of the region. In fact, it comes to creating the ideology of tourism development in Samara and Samara Region. Author has distinguished three basic tourism brands within the framework of Samara´s image-making, analyzing each of which as a system of sub-brands. In addition to the basic, less significant brands are formulated the article. Farther, in the analysis of tourism and recreation cluster (TRC) twelve basic types of resources and organizations - participants of TRC - are allocated. Authorial understanding of the structure of TRC is shown for a more adequate perception of it. As well as, the nature and levels of use of the image of the city by specific organizations - representatives of the TRC in Samara are analyzed. Particularly, 127 accommodation facilities and 306 foodservice facilities are analyzed. The efficiency of the three basic tourism brands of Samara in the names of firms-members of tourism business and souvenirs is studied.
 As a result, the author has formulated not only the general characteristics of the brands usage, but also the development strategy of image and branding in the evolution of tourist services in Samara.

Перспективы развития внутреннего и въездного туризма в Забайкальском крае

Article examines the prospects for the development of domestic and inbound tourism in Zabaykalsky Krai (Transbaikal region). The author notes that the perspective directions of domestic and inbound tourism can be based on the use of own tourist and recreational resources. Zabaykalsky Krai is well known for its cultural, historical, geological, natural and religious monuments, resort and recreation areas, and sports tourism routes. The dominant role is now played by environmental, educational and health-improving tourism in the tourism industry of the territory. The author notes that scientific, religious, social (child, junior, youth), sports, fishing, rural, congress types of tourism are the most promising. 
 The author correlates the main types of tourism with the respective tourism resources of Zabaykalsky Krai, with using the method of tourism zoning. As well as, statistics for last years that describes the dynamics of the development of domestic and inbound tourism in the region is given.
 The author has conducted SWOT-analysis of tourism development on the territory of Zabaykalsky Krai to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the tourism industry, and also to estimate external potential threats and tourism opportunities. Creation of the Chita and Transbaikal tourism and recreational clusters in Zabaykalsky Krai is justified. The article analyzes the regional long-term target program "Development of domestic and inbound tourism in Zabaykalsky Krai (2014-2018 years)", describes the stages of the program.

Состояние, проблемы и перспективы развития санаторно-курортной и туристской отрасли Республики Крым

The article highlights the strategic goal of the development of the Republic of Crimea (RC), part of the health resort and tourism industry and has set a target of achieving the strategic objectives of the region´s development. The analysis of statistical data on collective accommodation, selected problems of development of health resorts and tourist complexes of the RC is suggested. Highlighted is the question about creating the infrastructure for the development of six tourist and recreational clusters, and identified are the priority tasks of the state programs of the RC in the medium term (2015-2017 years). The clusters will be implemented in the period from 2015 to 2020. Total funding for the creation of clusters in the RCfrom the Federal budget is 28 160,7 million rubles. Funds will be used to work on the creation of the associated engineering infrastructure on the territory of each TRC The implementation of the clusters involves the construction of tourist infrastructure at the expense of investors. Analyzed is the distribution of tourists by country of arrivals in the RC in the transition period 2014 Reflected positive trends in the work of the Ministry of resorts and tourism of the RC, together with the Federal Agency for tourism of the Russian Federation and Single transport Directorate to ensure transport accessibility of other regions of Russia with RC. The article stresses basic problems of the health resort and tourist industry in a difficult transition period, the main of which are problems of transport logistics and delivery of tourists to the territory of the Crimean Peninsula. This problem today is being solved. The author proposes solutions for other important issues.

Формирование туристско-рекреационных кластеров в депрессивных сельских поселениях Ярославской области

The paper describes the possibility of forming a tourism and recreation cluster in depressed rural communities through a process of territorial planning (based on the example of rural settlements in Borisoglebskii and Bolsheselsky municipal districts of the Yaroslavl region). On the basis of the identified negative features of socio-economic status of the territories of rural settlements confirmed their depression and overall difficulty of further development. Substantiated what is happening now with changing functions of rural areas. As one of the potential strategic directions of development analyzed are the changes in the prevailing agrarian economy through the organization of tourist and recreational facilities. To this end, the group factors are identified that need to be supported in the implementation of this plan: a variety of tourist activities, natural and environmental, social and economic factors. In general, the article highlights that the formation of the tourist and recreation areas is conducive due to the immense open spaces, historical and cultural sites, unique landscapes, convenient geographical position. The problems of the deployment of tourist services on these territories are identified, which are mostly related to the imperfection of the legislation in relation to recreational areas, the existing practice of taxation and social and economic status. As a result, it is shown that in the procedure of spatial planning and in the process of identifying all the features and trends the functional role has changed and formation of qualitatively new areas of management has happened. Determined is the severity of the recreational functions of the system of settlement with respect to the combination of suburban settlements and second-home and production facilities.

Creating sustainable urban built environments: An application of hedonic house price models in Wuhan, China

Due to rapid urbanization, automobility, and industrialization, the increasing desire to protect environments and satisfy residents has led to an emphasis on the creation of sustainable urban environments in China. This paper is an empirical study using hedonic price models to examine a comprehensive set of environmental sustainability elements including green space, transit systems, and central business districts (CBDs) and compare their relative importance in Wuhan, China. The results show that among all housing characteristics, environmental sustainability elements had the greatest impacts on house prices. Natural water resources have the most significant positive effects on property values when they are integrated with cultural, tourism, and commercial resources to form natural recreation clusters or areas. Also, home buyers are willing to pay more for housing clusters or subdivisions with proximity to CBDs. In addition, the significant negative effects of light rail on house prices within a 1-mile radius indicate that it has not become an attractive amenity to home buyers, due to combined effects of other neighborhood amenities, little land use diversity, and the fare system. These results have implications for local and regional governments in setting priorities for sustainable development.

OLYMPIC GAMES IN SOCHI AS A SPORT AND ENTERTAINMENT EVENT AND THEIR IMPACT ON TOURISM IN THE REGION

Research background. The article discusses the possible ways of solving systemic problems of Sochi city popularization as a year-round resort, which confirms the need for the development of the unified state promotion policy of Sochi city as a unique republic`s property, the place where Russia's Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games were grandly held for the first time. The state promotion policy should be based on the combination of institutional and project-based approaches, the development of cooperation between all levels of governmental structures, the business community and civil society organizations and aimed at implementing the priorities within the framework of each strategic direction. The object of research was the tourist market of Sochi resort and mass sports entertainment events. The purpose of research was an assessment of the impact of mass sports entertainment events on the tourism development in the region. Methods. The authors used a set of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization) and specifically – scientific (theoretical) research methods. The quantitative impact assessment was carried out by analysing the volume of tourist flow, the passenger traffic of Adler airport, the availability of hotels and a number of other indicators, including the dynamics of gross regional product. Results. The preparation and holding of major international sporting and cultural events will be certainly based on the experience gained during the Olympic Games 2014. The construction of new and reconstruction of existing sports facilities required for the successful conduct of these activities will also contribute to further development of the infrastructure of sports facilities. And this, in turn, will provide Russian Federation with a further strengthening of the status of a leading sports power. Conclusion. These directions give the possibility to use effectively objects after the Games due to the formation of modern venues, most of which have no analogues on the territory of modern Russia, which, of course, is not only a long term investment in the development of professional sports in Sochi, but in the tourism industry in Russian Federation as a whole. Sochi tourist and recreational clusters represent themselves a set of interrelated objects of recreational and cultural orientation, collective means of accommodation, catering and related services provided the necessary infrastructure available in the modern city of Sochi. In short terms the result will be the satisfaction of needs of different categories of Russians, as well as foreign citizens, active and fulfilling rest, health promotion using balneology resources of Sochi, joining a growing number of sports and recreational as well as cultural events held in Sochi city. The tourism as an industry, stimulating economic development, can be used as an instrument of Russian state policy to optimize economic development. Due to the Olympic Games 2014 we can observe the improvements and significant changes in the Russian sphere of tourist services. According to the forecasts of tour operators the demand for rest in Sochi by different estimates has increased from 15 to 40 % (on the date 15.05.2014). The emergence of new possibilities for the practice of tourism and promotion of winter sports will be aimed at improving the image of Sochi city, which together can provide the significant economic benefits. Keywords: Sochi city-resort, steady growth, heritage games, MICE-tourism, entertainment event.

Structurally-functional model of the tourism and recreation cluster of Omsk region

Structurally-functional model of the tourism and recreation cluster of Omsk region

Factors of spatial distribution of recreation areas in peri-urban Beijing

Based on the case study of peripheral urban areas in Beijing, this paper aims to identify the factors which will influence the spatial distribution of peri-urban recreation areas, by analyzing the collected data from questionnaires, online survey, documentation and field investigations (2007). In order to achieve sound information, relevant data from different management departments, owners and land-use types involved in the case study area are collected. A sampling database for peri-urban recreation areas in Beijing is established, and GIS spatial analyses as well as statistic analyses are applied. The result indicates that spatial distribution of recreation areas is majorly influenced by four factors, e.g. tourism attractions and environmental conditions, policy and spatial governance, consumption demand and preference, land price and availability. Tourism attractions and environmental conditions are dominant factors for public recreation areas. Commercial recreation areas are highly related with accessibility. Agricultural recreation areas are usually attached to special farmlands near large-scaled scenic areas. Meanwhile, recreational business clusters have appeared in suburbs influenced by mass recreation market growth. Controlled by the land price, commercial recreation areas are differentiated on their scales and developing intensity. Policy and spatial governance have made arrangements of recreation areas more balancing and more human-oriented. A peri-urban recreation area model is therefore established on the basis of this analysis, which can guide urban planning and designing, land-use planning and recreation resource development.