Solid Waste Recovery Research Articles

Optimizing material circularity pathways in industrial waste streams: A decision-making model

The increasing pressures of environmental regulation and the introduction of new policy frameworks by various nations have accelerated the popularization of industrial solid waste management and recovery, underscoring the transition towards a circular economy. This paradigm shift emphasizes the importance of material recovery, reuse, and recycling of industrial waste to minimize environmental impact and enhance sustainability. Despite the availability of individual approaches for waste recovery, there exists a significant gap in the systematic selection of optimal recovery pathways that facilitate the reintegration of materials into the production cycle. Addressing this gap, our study introduces a novel optimization model designed to identify the most efficient material circularity routes that leverage both the technical and biological cycles of the circular economy framework. Utilizing the Genetic Algorithm optimization tool in MATLAB, our model prioritizes pathways that maximize material recovery and profit generation simultaneously. This dual-objective function serves as the cornerstone of our analysis, ensuring a balanced approach to environmental sustainability and economic viability. The model's efficacy was tested on pre-calculated quantities of fabric waste generated by the Biyagama Export Processing Zone, providing a practical case study for its application. Our findings reveal diverse scenarios under which the model can allocate varying weights to each objective, demonstrating its flexibility and utility as a decision-making tool for stakeholders in the waste management sector. The results indicate that the model is not only capable of optimizing waste circularity pathways for maximum material recovery and profit generation but also offers a customizable framework that can adapt to the specific priorities of different stakeholders. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by filling a critical gap in the selection of sustainable waste recovery pathways, offering a practical, optimized, and scalable solution that can significantly advance the goals of the circular economy in the industrial sector.•Decision-making model for stakeholders in the waste management sector.•Model selects the best material recovery pathways.•Textile industrial fabric waste stream used as a pilot to test the model's effectiveness.

Characterisation and Recovery of Solid Waste from Hotels in the Town of Zuenoula (Central West of Côte d’Ivoire)

The town of Zuenoula, located in central west of Côte d’Ivoire, lacks socio- cultural activities that could have a positive impact on the accommodation sector. It has a small number of hotel establishments. Despite this, hotels benefit from stays for ceremonies, seminars, and funerals. This frequentation of hotel establishments generates waste, which is difficult to manage properly. They dispose of their waste in the same way as ordinary household waste. To reduce waste, some is recycled and then recovered. The aim of this study is to show how waste from hotels in the town of Zuenoula is recycled. To achieve this, the chosen methodology is based on documentary research and field surveys supported by questionnaires and direct observation. For the selection of the sample, the reasoned choice method was used, supported by the snowball method, for greater efficiency. The results revealed that hotel establishments produce various types of solid waste, of which the recovered waste (25%) is water bottles, unusable sheets and towels, faulty appliances, and leftover food. As for no recycled hotel waste (75%), 13% is collected by municipal services, 62% is disposed of on the streets, 13% on empty lots, and 12% around wetlands. All the hotel establishments surveyed had no infrastructure for collecting the waste produced on a daily basis, which degraded the population’s living environment.

Waste pickers’ cooperatives: social and environmental impacts in the recycling value chain in Cordoba, Argentina

ABSTRACT In Argentina, waste pickers play an important role in the recovery of recyclable municipal solid waste (MSW). Most of them organise themselves in cooperatives to gain more visibility and overcome their situation of vulnerability. Their activity involves numerous social and environmental impacts that should be considered when assessing the recycling value chain’s performance. With this aim and resorting to the concept of upgrading, this article analyses the impact of waste pickers’ cooperatives in Cordoba and the opportunities for a better social and environmental performance of the chain. We found that waste pickers’ cooperatives have positive and negative social and environmental impacts. Our work makes an empirical contribution to the literature on waste pickers from a Global South perspective, highlighting the need for a more integrative and inclusive framework for MSW management oriented towards the circular economy which formally integrates waste pickers as key actors in urban hygiene.

Optimizing municipal solid waste recovery through density-based waste plastic segregation

Optimizing municipal solid waste recovery through density-based waste plastic segregation

Unlocking Energy from Waste: A Comprehensive Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Recovery Potential in Ghana

Unlocking Energy from Waste: A Comprehensive Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Recovery Potential in Ghana

Greenhouse gas emission characteristics during kitchen waste composting with biochar and zeolite addition

Aerobic kitchen waste composting can contribute to greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions and global warming. This study investigated the effects of biochar and zeolite on GHGs emissions during composting. The findings demonstrated that biochar could reduce N2O and CH4 cumulative releases by 47.7 %and 47.9 %, respectively, and zeolite could reduce the cumulative release of CO2 by 28.4 %. Meanwhile, the biochar and zeolite addition could reduce the abundance of potential core microorganisms associated with GHGs emissions. In addition, biochar and zeolite reduced N2O emissions by regulating the abundance of nitrogen conversion functional genes. Biochar and zeolite were shown to reduce the impact of bacterial communities on GHGs emissions. In summary, this study revealed that biochar and zeolite can effectively reduce GHG emissions during composting by altering the compost microenvironment and regulating microbial community structure. Such findings are valuable for facilitating high-quality resource recovery of organic solid waste.

Evaluating hydrogen production from grape pomace gasification: Unveiling the potential for Chile’s wine industry and its solid waste recovery as energy source

This study presents the characteristics of fluidized bed gasification of grape pomace, which is a residual biomass from the Chilean wine industry, by means of sensitivity analysis in the Aspen Plus process simulator. The model was used to evaluate the hydrogen generation potential and identify optimal conditions to improve hydrogen production. The effects of gasification temperature on syngas composition, syngas exergy and gasification efficiency were examined. Sensitivity analysis revealed that gasification temperatures above 800 °C result in the highest hydrogen yield. In addition, a mapping analysis of vineyards in Chile indicates a regional hydrogen production potential of 17,109.26 tons per year by pomace gasification. The results are accompanied by an economic and environmental assessment based on the model results, ensuring a holistic evaluation of the proposed approach.

Zakonska regulativa u upravljanju čvrstim industrijskim otpadom u Srbiji - izazovi na putu razvoja cirkularne ekonomije

The management of industrial solid waste is regulated through several legal acts in Serbia, and in the last few years intensive work has been done to improve the legal norms that regulate the conversion of waste into materials that are no longer waste, in order to achieve the goals, set by the Green Agenda and the National Waste Management Plan. This paper provides an overview of the legal regulations which are regulating waste management, with special reference to acts and articles of acts that regulate the reuse and recovery of solid industrial waste. Possible obstacles and doubts that may arise when interpreting legal provisions are listed, with a focus on similarities and differences in the guidelines for converting waste into a by-product and material with and of waste status, the possibility of hazardous waste recovery, and the specifics of importing waste that is no longer waste into Serbia from one of the countries of the European Union. Through an example of converting fly ash into a useful cementitious raw material, some difficulties that have been encountered so far in practice are illustrated. In the conclusion of this paper, certain measures were proposed to overcome the mentioned obstacles in the implementation of the circular economy through the encouragement of the recovery of industrial waste.

Circular Economy, Solid Waste Recovery, and Growth: An Empirical Analysis for Sustainable Development in the 100th Anniversary of the Republic

This article aims to examine the relationship between solid waste recycling and economic growth within the framework of the circular economy perspective in Turkiye. As Turkiye approaches its 100th anniversary of the Republic, achieving a sustainable and inclusive economic growth goal is of paramount importance. Solid waste recycling is now recognized as a process that not only reduces waste but also contributes positively to both economic growth and environmental preservation. In this context, the study utilizes quarterly data from 1994Q1 to 2020Q4 to comprehensively analyze the impact of solid waste recycling on the Turkish economy. The analyses were conducted using the Bootstrap Autoregressive Distributed Lag (BARDL) methodology. The results confirm that solid waste recycling has a positive influence on economic growth in both the short and long terms. This underscores the essential role of solid waste recycling as a fundamental component of the circular economy, emphasizing its potential to contribute to Turkiye's sustainable growth goals. Additionally, the study offers policy recommendations based on these findings. These recommendations include accelerating the transition to a circular economy, investing in technological innovations and infrastructure enhancements, organizing awareness and education programs, fostering collaboration between the public and private sectors, adopting innovative financing approaches, and establishing comprehensive legal regulations. In conclusion, the findings and recommendations of this study can contribute to Turkiye's achievement of sustainable economic growth and development goals, particularly as it approaches the 100th anniversary of the Republic. Prioritizing solid waste recycling as part of the circular economy vision can help create a better living environment and a sustainable future for the upcoming generations.

Recovery of cathode copper and ternary precursors from CuS slag derived by waste lithium-ion batteries: Process analysis and evaluation

The efficient and environmentally friendly recycling technology of waste residue that including abundant heavy metal produced during the recovery of lithium batteries has become a research hotspot. Herein, a novelty process of acid leaching-selective electrodeposition-deep impurity removal-regeneration was proposed to recovery of the CuS slag, which has been efficient transferred to high purity cathode copper and commercially available ternary precursors. Copper cathode with a purity of 99.67% was prepared under electrochemical reaction conditions at −0.55 V for 2 h. A novel impurity remover-Mn powder, which was used to remove the residual impurities and as a feedstock for the ternary precursor. Finally, NCM523 was regenerated by co-precipitation. The process is superior to the traditional process in economy, energy consumption, CO2 emissions, product purity and process duration. This study provides a new approach for solid waste recovery and precious metal enrichment.

Amount and Seasonality of Urban Solid Waste Recovery: A Case Study of O.R Tambo District Municipality, South Africa

Amount and Seasonality of Urban Solid Waste Recovery: A Case Study of O.R Tambo District Municipality, South Africa

Impact of the New Electricity Remuneration Scheme on the Waste-to-Energy Recovery Activity in Portugal

The remuneration scheme for the electricity produced by Waste-to-Energy (WtE) recovery plants has changed recently in Portugal according to 2020 legislation. The new model, linking the electricity remuneration from WtE plants to the spot electricity prices, is expected to bring greater uncertainty in the waste activity, which is a novelty for the sector. In Portugal, Valorsul is the municipal waste treatment entity responsible for the recovery and treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) produced in 19 municipalities in the Lisbon area. This paper highlights the impact of the new Portuguese electricity remuneration scheme for electricity from waste on Valorsul’s WtE plant. For this purpose, the new remuneration scheme is modeled and simulated based on electricity spot market price scenarios, which are compared with the base case scenario of the former remuneration scheme. Considering different electricity prices for the electricity produced by the WtE plant, the present study anticipates the consequences of the gate-fee of such regulatory changes. Results show that any price changes in the electricity remuneration scheme are offset by equivalent changes in the waste gate-fee. Consequently, the change in the remuneration of the electricity from the WtE plant is, in fact, neutral for the Valorsul accounts and lower revenues from the electricity generation activity of the WtE will negatively impact the gate-fee prices paid by the waste users.

Valuation of Plastic Waste as a Community Circular Economy Strategy in the Municipality of Choco–Colombia

A business solution is proposed for the accumulation of waste in the Municipality of Choco without prior treatment through the establishment of a center for the reception, classification, recovery and use of solid plastic waste in the Municipality of Quibdo, which would optimize and expand the management of plastic waste. In this study, the basic diagnosis of the practices that are currently carried out in Quibdo is evaluated with the appropriation of the knowledge of the population, the technical structuring of the conditions of production of plastic wood is carried out from the management of plastic waste, recognition of the market for waste generated as an alternative for development and sustainable growth and the financial feasibility of the project and the profitability of each of the investment plans for its implementation. The results of the investigation include the identification of weaknesses and opportunities in waste management practices and the proposal of two investment plans for the establishment of the center. It is concluded that investment plan 2 would require 46,590.50 USD less than investment plan 1, equivalent to a 2.21% return compared to investment plan 1.

Bibliometric analysis on the applicability of anaerobic digestion in organic solid waste

Anaerobic biological treatment can comprise a viable route of CH4 production through the energy recovery of organic solid waste (OSW). This work therefore presented a bibliometric analysis of research trends on the theme "Applicability of biological treatment via Anaerobic Digestion in Organic Solid Waste", considering experimental articles published from 2018 to 2022 in the Web of Science database™; the analysis used VoSviewer software to define research trends, and found that the main terms addressed in the mapped scientific articles were anaerobic, waste, sludge, waste food, municipal waste, anaerobic co-digestion, sewage sludge, organic fraction, co-digestion and biogas. As a product of such mapping, an Interaction Network Diagram was constructed comprising the main terms in addition to a theoretical foundation on anaerobic digestion and biochemical and microbiological aspects about the process.
 Keywords: anaerobic co-digestion, clean energy, food waste, microbial intercropping.

Environmentally friendly and efficient green recovery of fluoride from waste aluminum electrolytic sediment using Al2O3

Green and efficient recovery of solid waste from aluminum electrolysis is of great significance. In this study, the sediment generated by aluminum electrolysis at the bottom of the waste tank was used as an alternative F resource. A new process of low-temperature acidification roasting with Al2O3 as the catalyst was performed to effectively recover F. The results of the single-factor experiment showed that a long reaction time and high acid-material ratio were conducive to improving the extraction rate of F. Under the conditions of 275 °C and 5 doses of sulfuric acid, the optimum F extraction rate was realized by roasting for 4 h with 1 dose of Al2O3 as the catalyst. The results of the XRD, SEM and chemical analyses showed that NaAl(SO4)2 was the main component produced in the calcination reaction using Al2O3 as the catalyst, rather than NaHSO4 (produced in the calcination process without a catalyst). This ensured complete combination of H and F, which greatly improved the extraction rate of F (from 80.76 to 99.76%). The proposed mechanism can provide not only an optimization scheme for the roasting of waste sediment at the furnace bottom, but also a more effective recovery treatment for the acidification roasting of other solid wastes with low Al2O3 content.

Essay the Recovery of Solid Household Waste from The City of Kindia by Composting, (Republic of Guinea)

Background and Aim: In Guinea, waste management occupies a central place in the State's environmental policy. The objective of this study is to recover fermentable waste by composting as an alternative to landfilling and incineration of waste. This work was carried out in November and December 2022 in the composting center of the urban municipality of Kindia. Method: This study is a continuation of research work on the management and recovery of solid household waste in the city of Kindia. The andean or elaborate heap method of composting was used. It covers the following steps: preparation of the material to be composted, on-site observation, evaluation of the compost material and physico-chemical analysis of the compost. Composting was carried out in a windrow over an area 2m long, 1.5m wide and 1.5m high, i.e. a volume of 4.5m3. Results: The results obtained show that with an initial quantity of 960 kg of household solid waste used, we obtained 380 kg of compost after almost 30 days of composting, i.e. 39.58% compost (biodegradable waste) and 60.15% rejection. During the composting process, the temperature in the ande varied from 29°C to 68°C, with an average of 47.32°C. In the ambient environment, it varied from 23.80°C to 34°C, with an average of 28.13°C. The evolution of the pH as a function of time showed three different phases (acidogenic phase, neutral phase and alkaline phase). The acidogenic phase lasts 15 days, for a pH varying from 5 to 6.5. The neutrality phase lasted 8 days (pH around 7). From the 23rd day there was the transition to the alkalinization phase (pH varied from 7.8 to 8.7). The humidity level has decreased significantly over time, around 75% in young compost, it is only around 15% in mature compost. At the start of composting the C/N ratio was about 25 and at the end of the process C/N was reduced to 10. During the process the EC content varied from 4.5 ms/cm (initially) to 7.3 ms/cm until day 25, followed by a gradual decrease until the end of the composting process (1.8 ms/cm). Conclusion: This study made it possible to carry out a test for the recovery of solid household waste from the city of Kindia by the composting process for soil amendments. It remains to be popularized and encouraged by NGOs and government agencies in the country. Keywords: Solid waste, recovery, household, composting, Kindia

Preparing La-Doped LiAl5O8 from the Electrode Materials of Waste Lithium-Ion Batteries

For sustainable development of resources, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and bioleaching have been widely employed in the recovery of waste lithium-ion batteries. Metallic resources have been successfully recovered by these technologies. However, high-value and comprehensive utilization technology of waste lithium-ion batteries is still in its infancy. In this paper, a combined technology of material molecular design and vacuum gasification deposition to prepare high-value optical materials (La-doped LiAl5O8) from the electrode materials of waste lithium-ion batteries is reported. The band gap of the designed La-doped LiAl5O8 was reduced by 1.077 eV compared to that of LiAl5O8. The La-d state caused a blue shift in the spectrogram so that the material can be excited by lower energy light. La-doped LiAl5O8 was successfully prepared by vacuum gasification deposition, and its strongest emission peak was at 450 nm. Photoluminescence intensity of La-doped LiAl5O8 was twice that of LiAl5O8. Chromaticity of the recovered La-doped LiAl5O8 was located at (0.17, 0.15), which indicated that La-doped LiAl5O8 was a highly efficient blue-emissive material and had great potential application in light-emitting diodes. This paper contributes to a new strategy in the value-added recovery of solid waste.

Sustainable synthesis of vanadate/fluorapatite nano-crystallites from solid waste for enhanced photocatalysis and pollution removal

In this work, vanadate-fluorapatite, V2O5/Ca10(PO4)6F2, nanocrystals were successfully synthesized through a straightforward one-step co-precipitation method. This method was based on two toxic solid wastes, which are mainly generated as by-products during sulfuric acid manufacturing and in the phosphate industry. The two solid wastes were mainly based on phosphogypsum as a source of calcium and vanadium pentoxide as a source of vanadate. In comparison to numerous conventional methods for FAP synthesis, this innovative method is not laborious, not complex, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly, thanks to the recovery of toxic solid wastes. Furthermore, it consists of mixing various contents of anhydrous gypsum with phosphoric acid, vanadium pentoxide, and ammonium fluoride at one time and at room temperature with no further adjustment of the pH. Several physicochemical characterization techniques were used, including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-vis). Whereas SEM analysis of the crystals obtained showed a nanometer-scale fluorapatite crystallites was obtained. The obtained results offer exciting potential for applying the prepared nanomaterial in both photocatalysis and pollution removal. They hold great promise and are expected to generate significant interest in these fields.

WATER RECLAMATION THROUGH NANOREMEDIATION & BIOREMEDIATION: A WEAL AGAINST CONVENTIONAL CHEMICAL TECHNIQUES

Worldwide unprecedented challenge has been posed due to socio- economical-demographic and environmental transitions. These threats mainly sprout from rapid pace in modernization and advancement of technologies for economic escalation and raising live standards. These however is a bane since over the years there are instances of loss of considerable biodiversity, risks in public health, aggravation of already existing health issues, decline of soil salinity and to add to the plight there is water scarcity that mainly had resulted due to imbalance in the potable water available and its demand. Climate change, indiscriminate efflux of contaminants encompassing household to industrial waste water has profound effects on the standards of water quality. To cope with this situation there should be judicious planning leading to recycling the waste water in a more convenient way over prevalent robust technologies. The focus lies on the participation of nano-based materials that have been revered highly for their large surface to volume ratio and are efficient candidates for solid waste recovery. Nanomaterials both metallic non-metallic and polymeric materials have been the subject of interest for their diligent participation as catalyst, nano sorbents. Besides the participation of natural materials and benevolent biological components in bioremediation of waste water has been discussed herein.

Overview of the technologies of the collection, transportation, recovery and disposal of municipal solid waste

Solving the problem of the lack of effective technologies for the recovery of solid municipal waste consists, first of all, of the construction of an effective technological scheme for the collection, transportation, recovery and disposal of municipal waste. Achieving the goals of reducing the volume of municipal waste disposal to 30% in 2030, which are set by the National Strategy for Waste Management in Ukraine until 2030, is possible by applying coordinated technological stages of collection, transportation, recovery and disposal of municipal waste in settlements and territorial communities.Research is aimed at organizing effective and unified management of solid waste flows, their proper storage, collection, transportation, processing, and disposal taking into account the resource potential of solid waste, the need and feasibility of implementing a certain technology for processing, recovery and disposal of waste, taking into account its characteristics and application limitations, and the need to minimize the environmental burden associated with waste.The purpose and task of this publication are to describe the complete technological cycle of waste management and establish a sequence of unified methodical approaches to the stages and technological processes of solid household waste management (collection, transportation, recovery and disposal).