Recording Of Waves Research Articles

Using Neurology Sciences to Investigate the Color Component and Its Effect on Promoting the Sense of Spirituality in the Interior Space of the Vakil Mosque of Shiraz (Using Quantitative Electroencephalography Wave Recording).

The concept of spirituality is full of various and complex meanings; this word is used as scattered in various fields such as religion, architecture, music, painting, literature and astronomy. Achieving spirituality by recognizing the institutionalized abilities in the existence of mankind who is the prominent creature provides the realization of the mission of the servant in front of the goddess on the highest level. Creating distance of today's mosques' architectural body from this spiritual dimension is of great contemplation and research, because in all global societies, this issue is considered a value in the everyday life of man and has advanced to the extent that the medical science refers it as a medicine to reach tranquility. Spirituality and tranquility are two inseparable categories, and the components of spiritual dimension are considered as the sub-indicators of mental health. In this research, it was tried to analyze the impact of light color component on creating spirituality sense in a scientific way and introducing the spectra that have more impact on the promotion of spirituality sense in the mosques. The research method was descriptive-analytical in the first stage, and in the second stage, it has been performed as experimental and simulation using quantitative electroencephalography waves (brain map), virtual reality glass tools and 360° simulated images among the statistical population with 14-people sample size (randomly). The analysis of the data extracted from investigating the obtained brain map showed that the color spectrum of the turquoise according to the analysis in the samples in terms of creating a sense of tranquility was in the first priority and, respectively, the green, blue, white, yellow, red and black colors had allocated the next priorities to themselves in creating spiritual space.

Potential for Recording of Waves and Sea Level Fluctuations in the World Ocean Coastal Areas by Internet Video Analysis

This paper describes the technology for recording surface wave signals and sea level fluctuations in the coastal areas of the World Ocean based on real-time analysis of the surveillance camera “live video” presented on the Internet. A wave signal obtained by the method described in Crotone Port (Italy) is compared with the data from a nearby station of the Global Sea Level Observing System (GLOSS). This example demonstrates the high recording quality of the seiche oscillation system in the port with periods from 40 to 2 min, which is comparable to GLOSS. In addition, in contrast to the GLOSS stations, signals obtained through video contain responses of even shorter period (up to tens of seconds) seiches, swell waves, wind, and ship waves.

P947Combining the ankle-brachial index with novel waveshape-based methods improves peripheral artery disease classification

Abstract The Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) is the most commonly used method for the investigation of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in clinical settings, but has a low sensitivity for detecting PAD in asymptomatic patients. It is calculated only based on the systolic blood pressure in the limbs and ignores the shape of the pressure waves. Therefore, we investigated a novel method focusing on waveform changes by analyzing and comparing synchronous pulse wave recordings of all four extremities. In this study, pulse waves of 44 patients (28M/16F, age 65 (SD 10) years, ABI 0.89 (SD 0.13)) measured at rest on all four limbs simultaneously using the AngE Pro 4 system (Sonotechnik Austria Angio Experience GmbH, Austria) were investigated. The patients Fontaine stage was used as a benchmark. A novel parameter based on pairwise wave shape differences, i.e., the root mean square of the differences (RMSD), was tested for its capability to correctly classify the patients Fontaine stage. Furthermore, the results were compared and combined with ABI measurements. Of the 44 patients, 7 were in Fontaine stage 0 (no PAD) and 37 in stage 2 (claudication). In univariate analysis, ABI showed significant discrimination power (AUC ROC = 0.86, p<0.01), but was surpassed by the RMSD with a discrimination power beyond ABI (AUC ROC = 0.95, p<0.001, see figure). Furthermore, logistic regression revealed statistical independence of ABI and RMSD, indicating that they reflect different aspects of the measurements. Therefore, combining these two measures, multivariate classification results in a far superior classifier (AUC ROC = 0.98, p<0.001, see figure). In this study, the novel waveshape-based method RMSD, used to classify stages of PAD, showed better discrimination power than ABI. Furthermore, statistical independence allowed for the combination of ABI and RMSD, resulting in a far superior classification of PAD Fontaine stages. Since, using the appropriate equipment, both parameters can be measured simultaneously and in an automated way, the results are promising for assisting PAD classification in the future. Acknowledgement/Funding This work was partly supported by the program “Bridge” by the Austrian Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology BMVIT. PWA4PAD FFG No. 858509

Accuracy Improvement of Incidence Level Detection Based on Electroencephalogram Using Fuzzy C-Means and Support Vector Machine

Some jobs require that the concentration level be maintained for a long time during work time. Lack of sleep will in disruption of someone concentration level. To find out a human concentration level can be done by recording his/her brain waves. This research uses Electroencephalography (EEG) technology which functions to capture human brain waves. The focus of this study is to build a model of the detection system of a human concentration level. The research datasets are data from brain wave recording using Neurosky Mindwave Mobile which has extracted in 19 features. Data will then be labeled using cluster techniques namely Fuzzy C-Means to become data to be input into the classification process using Support Vector Machine (SVM). The classification results show an accuracy of 98.34%. That results show FCM can be used to automatically label EEG data properly.

Discrimination between respiratory and non-respiratory sound waveforms in dogs using acoustic wave recordings: An objective metric of cough

Cough is an important respiratory protective mechanism, which when persistent also contributes to disease pathology. It is therefore both a marker for and a target of therapeutic intervention. In dogs, assessment of cough is subjective, generally based on owner’s perceptions of clinical signs. In humans, acoustic cough monitoring provides objective data on cough frequency by examining acoustic waveforms. We hypothesized that healthy mesocephalic dogs would demonstrate characteristic cough waveforms which could be distinguished from other acoustic behaviors (AB); whine, bark, growl, lick, drink, chew and throat-clear. Data were obtained from 10 healthy employee-owned dogs. Acoustic behaviors were recorded using a CTA-laryngeal-microphone and analyzed using RavenPro bioacoustics software for nine objective acoustic parameters (AP). Similarity between AB were assessed using a one-way analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) with a P<0.001 significance level. Inter- and intra-group statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA on ranks with P<0.05 significance level.With the exception of throat-clear, cough was dissimilar to every other evaluated AB (P<0.0001), with significant differences in one or more of the analyzed waveform parameters (P<0.001 for each). No between-subject differences were identified between cough and throat-clear groups for any parameter. All other behaviors showed statistically significant within-group variation (P<0.001). Cough and throat-clear (a clinically similar mechanism to protect the airways) have repeatable acoustic features that are distinguishable from other common AB and are consistent between dogs. Acoustic monitoring may provide an objective means for evaluating cough frequency and intensity in dogs with respiratory disease and assessing response to therapeutic intervention.

Video Recording of an Air Blast Wave Resulting from Initiation of a Light-Sensitive Explosive Composition

This paper presents experimental data on the parameters of an air blast wave resulting from initiation of VS-2 light-sensitive composition by laser diode radiation. The propagation of the air blast wave front was recorded by the background-oriented schlieren method. The air blast wave front was visualized using cross-correlation processing. Empirical dependences characterizing the propagation of the air blast wave front resulting from initiation of a light-sensitive composition of arbitrary weight. Experiments confirmed the possibility of initiating VS-2 light-sensitive composition using an EV-15 electric igniter.

FLOW MEDIATED VASODILATION/VASOCONSTRICTION IN DIFFERENT DISEASE POPULATIONS

Objective: Flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) has become one of the most widely assessed parameter to analyze endothelial function. However, some techniques used to measure FMD have limitations. Recently, finger plethysmography (EndoPAT) failed to show any kind of reproducibility. A semi-automatic device called UNEX has been developed, which overcomes the limitation of classic systems (in particular the investigator-dependency of conventional, “hand-held” FMD measurements). We report about our first experience by using this device.Design and method: UNEX is a semi-automatic ultrasound system using an H-type ultrasound probe. This system comprised a 7.5-MHz linear array transducer and a novel stereotactic probe-holding device (UNEX EF 18G; UNEX Co., Nagoya, Japan). Another advantage of this device is the continuous recording of B-mode images and A-mode waves of the artery in the longitudinal plane, so that continuous measurement of arterial diameter in the 4.5 min following cuff deflation occurs. Finally, this semi-automatic assessment of FMD has been shown to improve the precision and repeatability of the measurement. FMD and flow mediated vasoconstriction (L-FMC) were measured in patients with heart failure, patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate less and more than 60 ml/min/1,73m2 and healthy subjects using UNEX system. Results: 67% of patients without nephropathy were patients with type 2 diabetes and 33% with hypertension. 22% of patients with nephropathy were on dialysis and 78% had an eGFR less than 60 ml/min/1,73m. Compared to other disease population patients with heart failure were older and healthy population was younger. Conclusions: Our data reveal FMD- and L-FMC values in 3 different disease populations. Updated values on FMD and L-FMC and more detailed analysis will be presented at the meeting.

A Characteristic Filtering Method for Pulse Wave Signal Quality Assessment.

Pulse wave is an important physiological signal widely used in clinic. In practical applications, the pulse wave recordings are easily corrupted by different interferences. Sometimes, it is very difficult to eliminate the noise by commonly used filtering methods. In this study, we proposed a filtering method based on the characteristics of pulse wave recordings to remove the noisy outliers. Firstly, five characteristics, short-term energy (SE), ascending intensity difference (AID), descending intensity difference (DID), ascending time difference (ATD), and descending time difference (DTD), were chosen as metrics and calculated from cardiac pulse wave. Then the median lines of the five metrics were obtained using a median filter, respectively. An acceptable value range around the median line of each metric was set based on histogram distribution analysis and was used to examine pulse wave recordings cardiac-cycle-by-cycle. For each cardiac cycle, when one or more of its five characteristic values exceed(s) the acceptable range, the pulse wave recording segment was discarded from further analysis. With this proposed method, the noisy outliers could be efficiently identified from the pulse wave recordings. This suggests that the proposed preprocessing method would be useful in improving the assessment performance of pulse-wave-based clinical applications. Additionally, the method might also be extended used in other physiological signals pre-processing, such as ECG, blood pressure wave, etc.

Brain Computer Interface for Biometric Authentication by Recording Signa

Electroencephalogram(eeg) is done in several ways, which are referred to as brainwaves, which scientists interpret as an electromagnetic phenomenon that reflects the activity in the human brain, this study is used to diagnose brain diseases such as schizophrenia, epilepsy, parkinson's, alzheimer's, etc. It is also used in brain machine interfaces and in brain computers. In these applications wireless recording is necessary for these waves. What we need today is authentication? Authentication is obtained from several techniques, in this paper we will check the efficiency of these techniques such as password and pin. There are also biometrics techniques used to obtain authentication such as heart rate, fingerprint, eye mesh and sound, these techniques give acceptable authentication. If we want to get a technology that gives us integrated and efficient authentication, we use brain wave recording. The aim of the technique in our proposed paper is to improve the efficiency of the reception of radio waves in the brain and to provide authentication.

Brain Computer Interface for Biometric Authentication by Recording Signa

Electroencephalogram(eeg) is done in several ways, which are referred to as brainwaves, which scientists interpret as an electromagnetic phenomenon that reflects the activity in the human brain, this study is used to diagnose brain diseases such as schizophrenia, epilepsy, parkinson's, alzheimer's, etc. It is also used in brain machine interfaces and in brain computers. In these applications wireless recording is necessary for these waves. What we need today is authentication? Authentication is obtained from several techniques, in this paper we will check the efficiency of these techniques such as password and pin. There are also biometrics techniques used to obtain authentication such as heart rate, fingerprint, eye mesh and sound, these techniques give acceptable authentication. If we want to get a technology that gives us integrated and efficient authentication, we use brain wave recording. The aim of the technique in our proposed paper is to improve the efficiency of the reception of radio waves in the brain and to provide authentication.

Excitation of seiches in ice at port water area of the sea of Okhotsk

Long term observations of sea waves with one second discreteness in the port harbor of Sea of Okhotsk (Sakhalin island) at a depth of about two meters under the ice were carried out using autonomous wave recorders in 2009-2017. Spectral analysis of the data showed the presence of several significant peaks on the periods from 2 to 15 seconds in the spectra for the moments of strong swell at sea. These peaks are caused by wave processes that are generated due to the nonlinear transformation of the swell coming in ice. The numerical simulation of the reaction of the dynamic system - the water area described by the Duffing equation, depending on the parameters included in the equation and determined from experimental observations, is carried out. It is shown, including using the Poincare mapping that the amplitude of external forcing has the greatest influence on the transition of the system to chaos.

The Cape Point wave record, extreme events and the role of large-scale modes of climate variability

Situated on the southwestern coast of South Africa, Cape Point is directly impacted by ocean surface waves generated by midlatitude cyclones in the westerly wind belt. Severe swell events have a huge impact on coastal communities, infrastructure and maritime operations. We use the long term Council for Industrial and Scientific Research (CSIR) Cape Point Waverider buoy data and WaveWatch III model data together with atmospheric reanalysis data to investigate the role of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and their associated adjustments of cyclone tracks and intensities on the variability and extreme events of the Cape Point wave record. During austral summer (DJF), when the waves are generally smaller and more southerly, SAM and ENSO tend to result in robust responses: a negative (positive) SAM tends to result in bigger (smaller) more westerly (southerly) waves, while a positive (negative) ENSO results in bigger (smaller) waves from a more westerly (southerly direction). The mean austral (JJA) winter waves do not respond coherently to either SAM or ENSO. A shift in the wave characteristics between periods 1980–1992 and 1994–2006 is clear. The waves become smaller and more southerly during the latter period. This shift is associated with the shift to a more coherently out of phase relationship between SAM and ENSO, dominated by a positive SAM and negative ENSO, that amplifies the wave response, giving rise to smaller waves from a more southerly direction. During summer months there is a significant reduction in not only the mean wave heights, but also the extreme wave heights between the two periods, while during winter months there is only a significant change in the mean wave direction that becomes more southerly during the latter period. During a positive ENSO and negative SAM combination, the summer extreme wave heights tend to be more westerly while the inverse combination does not produce a robust result. Finally, we show that during summer months a positive (negative) ENSO leads to more frequent extreme wave events. On the other hand, a positive (negative) SAM leads to less (more) frequent extreme wave events during winter months.

Internal gravity and infrasound waves during a hurricane in Moscow On May 29, 2017

The results of recording of internal gravity waves (IGWs) and infrasound waves from the warm and cold fronts associated with the atmospheric storm passing through Moscow on May 29, 2017 are presented. The waves were recorded by a network of 4 microbarographs IFA–MGU–MSR–ZNS located in Moscow and Moscow region, and compared with the data of measurements of the parameters of infrasound waves at infrasound station IS43 in Dubna. We study the temporal changes in the characteristics of IGWs and infrasound waves (coherence, direction of propagation,phase velocities, characteristic periods and frequency spectra) with the passage of warm and cold fronts through the network. The transition from the gravity to the acoustic dispersive branch of acoustic-gravity waves due to an increase in frequency and the temporal modulation of the phase velocity of infrasound waves caused by IGWs are also studied. The measurement data for PM10 aerosol concentrations and NO2 gas concentrations at various locations in Moscow during a passage of atmospheric storm are presented. The possibility of detecting wave precursors of atmospheric storms simultaneously in variations of atmospheric pressure, wind velocity and aerosol concentrations is studied.

Ameliorating Effects of Electroacupuncture on Dysmotility, Inflammation, and Pain Mediated via the Autonomic Mechanism in a Rat Model of Postoperative Ileus.

Background/AimsPostoperative ileus increases healthcare costs and reduces the postoperative quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study is to investigate effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) at ST36 and PC6 on gastrointestinal motility in rat model of postoperative ileus.MethodsLaparotomy was performed in 24 rats (control [n = 8], sham-EA [n = 8], and EA [n = 8]) for the implantation of electrodes in the stomach and mid-jejunum for recording of gastric and small intestinal slow waves. Electrodes were placed in the chest skin for electrocardiogram (ECG). Intestinal manipulation (IM) was performed in Sham-EA and EA rats after surgical procedures. Small intestinal transit (SIT), gastric emptying (GE), postoperative pain, and plasma TNF-α were evaluated in all rats.Results(1) Compared with sham-EA, EA accelerated both SIT (P < 0.05) and GE (P < 0.05) and improved regularity of small intestinal slow waves. (2) Compared with the control rats (no IM), IM suppressed vagal activity and increased sympathovagal ratio assessed by the spectral analysis of heart rate variability from ECG, which were significantly prevented by EA. (3) EA significantly reduced pain score at 120 minutes (P < 0.05, vs 15 minutes) after the surgery, which was not seen with sham-EA. (4) Plasma TNF-α was increased by IM (P = 0.02) but suppressed by EA (P = 0.04) but not sham-EA.ConclusionThe postoperative ileus induced by IM, EA at ST36 and PC6 exerts a prokinetic effect on SIT and GE, a regulatory effect on small intestinal slow waves and an analgesic effect on postoperative pain possibly mediated via the autonomic-cytokine mechanisms.

Inaccuracies in Measuring Velocities and Timing of Flow and Tissue Motion Using High-End Ultrasound Systems

To evaluate the accuracy of measurements of the velocities and timing of blood flow and of tissue motion, we tested four commercially available ultrasound systems. Pulsed wave, continuous wave and tissue Doppler recordings acquired across a range of angles of insonation were compared against a calibrated Doppler string phantom. Temporal delays were measured from the onset of the simulated electrocardiogram to the start of each Doppler signal. Across all modalities and angles, the mean errors of measurements of velocity using the four systems were 0.2%, 1.7%, 6.0% and 3.1%. The largest errors occurred using tissue Doppler at 5 cm/s (mean overestimation: 5.8%, range: +1.1%–12.5%). Mean delays in displaying the onset of flow were –3, 6, 11 and –16 ms. All differences between machines were statistically significant. The accuracy of high-end ultrasound systems for measuring velocities is better than in earlier reports, but the reporting of routine testing against standard phantoms should be mandatory.

Numerical Experiments on Time Step Selection in Linear Dynamic Analysis of Structures

ABSTRACT The complex nature of the exciting force in earthquake engineering applications mandates employing numerical methods to obtain the response of structures to ground motions. Several numerical methods are in use in the field of earthquake engineering and structural dynamics to solve the ordinary differential equation of motion. Previous studies assumed that the appropriate time step for numerical schemes can be selected as a constant fraction of natural period of the system disregarding the period range. This study is concerned with assessing, through a comprehensive numerical experiment; the numerical error of the most commonly used schemes in structural dynamics applications and assessing the appropriateness of each method for different excitations and damping conditions using different natural period ranges. The current investigation involved testing the central difference method, Newmark, HHT, and HHT1 methods. The four methods were tested for linear single degree of freedom (SDOF) oscillator. Three different exciting forces were used to test the schemes; half-sine pulse wave, harmonic force, and actual ground motion record. Three natural periods were used to conduct the experiment, representing short, medium, and long period systems including the resonant condition. Three structural damping ratios, representing lightly, moderately, and heavily damped systems, were used to assess the structural damping effect on the accuracy associated with selected time steps. A new displacement error norm was introduced to define the accuracy of numerical schemes. The results of this investigation indicated that the commonly used assumption of time step as a constant fraction of natural period of the system, even for SDOF linear oscillator, disregarding the period range could result in significant numerical errors. The study also confirmed the significant effect of structural damping ratio on the accuracy of the numerical schemes. The paper also presents a recommendation matrix for the most appropriate time step for each scheme for different applications and structural conditions. The results of the current investigation are strictly limited to linear systems.

Recording and Processing of Brain Waves using Nanotechnology

Recording and Processing of Brain Waves using Nanotechnology

A method suited to survey of shallow high resolution Survey and survey in busy streets of a city ? Landsoner

Landsoner is the abbreviation of extremely elastic reflection wave recording continues profiling with extremely small offset and vary wide band frequency. It has following characteristics: (a) Small-offset single is used; (b) Under situation of using hammer source can be excited and be received reflection wave with frequency 10Hz-4000Hz of depth of 1.200m; (c) It is unnecessary that the geophones f ixed on the ground. On this characteristics the wave with different frequency band can be got that can greatly rise resolution, and can keep away from the noise of acoustic wave, direct wave, reflected wave, surface wave, specially can keep away from the noise of vibration of pedestrians, cars and the other machines on a city. When using landsoner method survey line with broken line can be used. There is no need to statics in mountainous region for this method. On the time-section of figure of Landsoner a karst cave can clearly be reflected. Landsoner method has been successfully used in shallow high resolution survey in mountainous region or in a busy city, in survey karst caves, in geological prediction forward from working face in a tunnel construction and in examining quality ofconcrete structures.

Assessment of arterial baroreflex sensitivity by different computational analyses of pressure wave signals alone

Background and objectiveBaroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is an important indicator of the functionality of the arterial baroreceptors, and its assessment may have major research and clinical implications. An important requirement for its quantification is the continuous recording of electrocardiography (ECG) signal, so as to extract the RR interval, in parallel with continuous beat-to-beat blood pressure recording. We aimed to accurately calculate the RR Interval from pressure wave recordings per se, namely, the Pulse Interval (PI) using various arterial pulse wave analysis algorithms and to evaluate the precision and accuracy of BRS values calculated with the PI compared to BRS values calculated with the RR Interval. MethodsWe analyzed the open access data of the Eurobavar study, which contains a set of ECG and arterial blood pressure (BP) wave signals recorded at 11 European centers. Pressure waveforms were continuously recorded by the Finapres apparatus which uses a finger cuff. The cuff pressure around the finger is dynamically adjusted by a servo-system to equal intra-arterial pressure, thus allowing the continuous recording of beat-to-beat BP waves. RR Interval was calculated from the ECG, whereas, PI was extracted from the arterial pulse waveforms, using 4 different methods (minimum, maximum, maximum 1st derivative and intersecting tangents method). BRS values were estimated by time domain and frequency domain methods. In order to compare agreement, accuracy, precision, variability, and the association between the reference BRS using the RR Interval and the BRS values using PI, standard statistical methods (i.e. intraclass correlation coefficients, RMSE, regression analysis) and Bland-Altman methods were performed. ResultsWe found that analysis of pressure waves alone by frequency-based (i.e. spectral) methods, provides the most accurate results of BRS estimation compared to time-domain methods (ICC > 0.9, R > 0.9, RMSE > 0.8 ms/mmHg). Concerning the spectral method, any algorithm for PI calculation is sufficient, as all show excellent agreement with the respective RR-intervals determined by ECG time series. Only the intersecting tangents and the maximum 1st derivative methods for PI calculation produce the most accurate results in time domain BRS estimation. ConclusionBRS estimation by proper analysis of pressure wave signals alone is feasible and accurate. Further studies are needed to investigate the clinical validity and relevance of the different BRS estimations in diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic levels.

Clinical-neuropsychological features of the hepatic encephalopathy formation

35 patients with different stages of the hepatic encephalopathy on the background of the chronic hepatitis at the age of 45.2 ± 5.8 years were examined. The investigation complex included neurological, psychometric (numbers connection test, SDMT number-symbol test, Schulte tables, Montreal cognitive function evaluation scale, HADS scale), and instrumental (EEG and MRI of the brain) examination. The findings showed that early clinical manifestation of hepatic encephalopathy included mild cognitive impairments, sleep disturbances (initial manifestations of impaired consciousness), emotional disorders (asthenic syndrome, anxiety) and impaired fine motor movements (changes of handwriting and fine coordination). According of the psychometric testing results the signs of the hepatic encephalopathy latent stage were detected including an impairment of the attention (due to numbers connection test results), a decrease of the cognitive processes speed and a violation of visual short-term memory (SDMT), difficulty in delayed reproduction of the information, a violation of fine motor movements (change handwriting). Disturbance of the brain bioelectrical activity was characterized by slowing the frequency of the alpha rhythm, an increase in the slow-wave activity index, smoothed zonal differences, and recording of hypersynchronous alpha waves or three-phase waves, which were determined already in the early stages of the disease. Comparing the psychometric testing data and the neuroimaging results, it was noted that the identified cognitive disorders, including those at the latent stage of hepatic encephalopathy, were accompanied by the frontal and parietal lobes cortex hypotrophy and the subcortical structures damage. Progression of the hepatic encephalopathy was accompanied by increased cognitive, emotional, motor and sleep disorders, which was confirmed by the results of psychometric testing, and also coincided with the functional and morphological disorders worsening of the brain according to the neurophysiological and neuroimaging examinations.