Food Consumption Record Research Articles

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: The importance of physical activity and nutrition education-A randomized controlled study.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the accumulation of excess fat in the liver, causing liver cell damage, increased inflammation, and weight gain. Despite its high prevalence, diagnosis and follow-up of the disease is difficult. Irisin, a slimming myokine produced in response to physical activity (PA), exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects. This study aimed to investigate changes in irisin levels, inflammation markers (tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α] and interleukin-6 [IL-6]), and myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD2) levels in NAFLD, as well as anthropometric and routine biochemical parameters, by providing PA recommendations and nutrition education (NE) to individuals diagnosed with NAFLD over a period of 12weeks. The study included 62 patients diagnosed with NAFLD who did not use alcohol. They were divided into groups: PA, NE, both (NE+PA), and untreated (control) patients. Patients receiving NE were provided with 1-h NE sessions every 4weeks for 12weeks, and their personal information, nutritional status, 24-h retrospective food consumption record, and anthropometric measurements were recorded at the beginning (day 0) and end (week 12) of the study. The PA group was recommended aerobic walking for 30min, 5days a week. At the beginning (day 0) and end (week 12) of the study, patients' anthropometric and routine biochemical tests were conducted, and irisin, MD2, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels were measured using the ELISA method. All groups were similar in demographic characteristics and dietary habits. After 12weeks, there were no significant differences in biochemical parameters among the groups. Glucose levels increased in the untreated group but decreased in the PA and PA+NE groups compared to baseline, with a significant decrease in the PA group. Insulin levels significantly decreased in the NE group. The PA+NE group showed decreased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels and significant decrease in ALT levels. AST decreased significantly in the PA group while high-density lipoprotein increased significantly. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in irisin, MD2, IL-6, and TNF-α levels. After 12weeks, irisin levels significantly increased in nutrition and PA groups except the untreated group. There were no statistically significant differences in IL-6 and MD2 levels compared with baseline after 12weeks. PA recommendations alone were not effective in observing significant changes in anthropometric measurements in individuals with NAFLD. It was detected that only nutritional recommendations provided a significant decrease in body fat ratio but were insufficient for the change in other anthropometric measurements. In the group where NE and PA were recommended together, a significant decrease in anthropometric measurements was found. The NE group significantly reduced their energy and carbohydrates (%EI) intake after 12weeks of intervention compared with the baseline. NE and PA recommendations led to improvements in liver-related biochemical parameters and significant reductions in anthropometric measurements among individuals with NAFLD. Moreover, patients receiving NE experienced a decrease in energy and carbohydrates intake as a percentage of total energy intake (%EI). Increased irisin levels in NE, PA, and NE+PA groups may have contributed to the decrease in body fat percentage.

Examination of diet quality and alcohol on serum IgG levels after first and second COVID-19 vaccines.

The change of IgG of COVID-19 vaccine was thought to be an effect of diet quality or daily habits. This study aimed to correlate diet quality and healthy living factors with serum IgG response in the blood. Participants were selected from volunteers who had their first vaccination and did not have COVID-19 disease (Male = 21 Female = 40). Serum IgG levels were measured on average (avg) 28 days after the COVID-19 vaccine. Information was obtained directly from the participants by questionnaire method (Food consumption record, frequency of food consumption, Diet Quality Index [(DQI], etc.). A significant difference was observed in the IgG levels of the second measurement of age (young/middle) and gender (male/female) (p < 0.05). A significant difference was found in the first measurement of serum IgG levels and IgG avgs of those with medium diet quality and those who did not drink alcohol (p < 0.05). When the IgG2/1 ratio was examined between alcohol users and nonalcohol, a significant increase was observed about two times in non-alcohol users (p = 0.039). There is a positive significant moderate strength relationship between the second measurements of IgG and anthropometric measurements and the first, second, and avg measurements of IgG with DQI. It was found that there was a negative significant medium-strength relationship between individuals' amount of alcohol consumption and IgG avg (r = -0.535, p = 0.009). Medium diet quality has been seen to affect antibody levels positively. At the same time, it is thought that alcohol use negatively affects serum IgG antibody response in the long term. Other than that, there was shown to be a correlation between IgG levels and DQI.

Orthorexia Nervosa and Physical Activity: Impact on Food Choices and Quality of Life In Healthcare Workers

Objective: Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) which is formed by the combination of many factors such as biological, psychological and social factors, reduce the quality of life by affecting food choices. To evaluate the relationship between ON and physical activity status with food selection and quality of life among healthcare personnel at Balıkesir State Hospital in Türkiye. Methods: Sociodemographic characteristics and nutritional status, “ Orthorexia Nervosa Rating Scale (ORTO-15 Scale),” “International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)”, “Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-27)”, “Food Consumption Frequency (FFQ)”, and “3-Day Food Consumption Record Form (2 weekdays-1 weekend day)” administered in person to 400 participants. Results: The participants exhibited signs of orthorexia in 80.2% of cases. Other healthcare professionals were most active group (22.5%), while doctors were most inactive (29.7%). Healthcare workers with orthorexic tendencies frequently consumed water, beverages, and dairy products, whereas individuals with typical eating habits commonly consumed fats. Very active health workers most frequently consume fats, inactive nurses and doctors consume water and beverages, and inactive health workers consume milk. Physical activity status affects quality of life, and as “IPAQ Total” scores increased, “General Health Status”, “Physical Health” and “Environment” sub-factor scores of WHOQOL-27 increased (p

Is orthorexia nervosa a hidden threat impacting quality of life in IBS patients?

The potential link between functional gastrointestinal disorders and eating disorders has been reported recently. The present study aimed to explore the relationship between orthorexic tendencies and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-related quality of life in IBS patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 121 IBS patients. The data were collected using Orthorexia Nervosa-11 (ORTO-11) to assess orthorexic tendencies, Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life Scale (IBS-QoL) to measure quality of life, and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptom Severity Score (IBS-SSS) to measure IBS symptoms. Food consumption record was taken to assess diet quality with the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015). The relationship between measured variables was assessed. The mean ORTO-11 score of the patients was 24.76 ± 3.99. Most patients had poor diet quality (52.00%). A moderate positive correlation was found between ORTO-11 and IBS-QoL (model 0, p < 0.005 and model 1, p < 0.001) and a strong negative correlation between IBS-SSS and IBS-QoL (p < 0.001). In conclusion, we can conclude that both altered IBS symptoms and orthorexic tendencies affect the quality of life of irritable bowel patients independently of each other. These findings provide valuable insights into the treatment of IBS and inform clinicians and researchers in the fields of gastroenterology, nutrition, psychiatry,and psychology.

Pain's impact on eating patterns and inflammation: A case-control study.

Pain is a widespread and troubling clinical and social problem with important effects on society and individuals. The purpose is to assess the relationship between pain and eating behavior, macro-micronutrient intake, and dietary inflammation index. The study was carried with a total of 80 patients, consisting of 40 patients diagnosed with pain and 40 patients not diagnosed with pain, who applied to a private hospital in Istanbul as outpatients with a questionnaire face-to-face consisting of questions about sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, pain-related information, Eating Attitude Test (EAT-19), and 24-hour food consumption record. The statistical analysis of the data was conducted with SPSS v27 package program. People who had pain had higher levels of disrupted eating attitudes than those who did not have pain. The "Bulimia" subfactor mean score of the EAT-19 was higher in those with pain (P < .05). No difference was found between the case-control groups regarding the mean dietary inflammation index (DII) score and energy, macro- and micronutrient consumption values (P > .05). No difference was detected between the case-control groups with disrupted eating attitudes regarding the median DII score (P > .05). The median DII score was significantly higher in individuals with pain and normal eating attitudes than in those without pain and with disrupted eating attitudes (P < .05). There is a relationship between pain, eating attitudes, and DII, the median DII score of those who had pain and had normal eating attitudes was higher.

Determining The Relationship Between Diet Inflammatory Index Score, Depression and Chronotype In Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome: An Example of a Training and Research Hospital

Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between the depression, chronotype and Dietary Inflammatory Index score in individuals diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Material and Methods: This study included 100 individuals with metabolic syndrome. The Depression-Anxiety Stress Scale was utilized to assess the depression, stress, and anxiety levels of the participants. Chronotypes were determined using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, and the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was calculated based on a three-day food consumption record. Results: Of the participants, 53% were women and 47% were men. The depression (10.64±3.91), anxiety (10.38±3.51), and stress (13.12±3.89) scores were significantly higher in the "evening type" group. Female participants had significantly higher depression scores (9.68±4.39) compared to male participants (8.00±3.35) (p=0.033). Analysis of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores revealed that women had a more pro-inflammatory diet (3.23±5.69). Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between depression scores and carbohydrate consumption (r=0.264, p=0.002), while a negative correlation was found with the percentage of protein intake (r=-0.336, p=0.001). Conclusion: The study revealed that the majority of individuals with metabolic syndrome exhibit an evening chronotype and are at increased risk for depression, anxiety, and stress. Additionally, it was found that these individuals tend to follow a pro-inflammatory diet. Therefore, it is recommended that the treatment of individuals with metabolic syndrome includes the assessment of their chronotypes, nutritional habits, and psychological states.

Evaluation of the relationship between dietary acid load and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a case-control study.

Diets high in dietary acid load are thought to be associated with metabolic diseases. However, the number of studies examining the relationship between dietary acid load and metabolic diseases in Turkey is insufficient. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cardiovascular disease risk factors and dietary acid load in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In this case-control study, 51 participants aged 30-65 years with type 2 diabetes and 59 participants in the control group were included. Blood pressure and biochemical findings were measured. Anthropometric measurements and body composition measurements were made. Dietary intake was assessed using a 3-day (1 day on weekends, 2 days on weekdays) food consumption record. Dietary acid load scores, including potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP), were calculated based on dietary intake. NEAP and PRAL scores were categorized as low and high according to the median value. Smoking status, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), trigylceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to- height ratio (WtHR), hemoglobin and fat mass (%) were evaluated as cardiovascular risk factors. The cut-off values of PRAL and NEAP were 3.61 and 44.78 mEq/d, respectively. After adjustment for various covariates, a significant positive association between PRAL and TG levels was observed in the diabetic group [odds ratio (OR), 5.98; 95% CI, 1.45-24.67; p = 0.013]. In contrast, a negative association was found between PRAL and SBP in the control group [odds ratio (OR), 0.21; 95% CI, 0.05-0.83; p = 0.026]. However, these associations were not observed for NEAP values in either group. A higher PRAL value was consistently associated with higher TG level, but other cardiovascular risk factors were not. More longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to better establish a causal effect between dietary acid load and cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with diabetes.

The Relationship Between Premenstrual Syndrome and Dietary Habits and Nutrients Intake: Descriptive and Analytical Cross- Sectional Study

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and nutrition in nursing students. Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study evaluating the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and nutrition in nursing students. In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, relationship between nutrient and PMS was examined by 219 nursing students using personal information form, 24-hour food consumption record and Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS). The macro and micronutrients consumed by the participants were determined through the analysis of their food consumption records in the Nutrition Information System (BEBIS) program. T test, chi-square test and Pearson correlation analysis test were used in analysis of data. Results: It was determined that 53.4% of the students had PMS and dietary habits are important in the appearance of PMS symptoms. Breakfast and lunch consumption affected the presence of PMS, but there was no difference between the groups with and without PMS in terms of coffee, salt consumption and skipping meals. The total energy taken daily by the female students with PMS were higher, percentage of energy from protein was lower and difference was statistically significant (p

Analyzing the dietary carbon footprint as a sustainable diet marker in Turkish adults: A cross-sectional study

Aims: This study planned to investigate the characteristics of the diet and its contribution to the carbon footprint-the greenhouse gas emission (GHGE)’s. Material and methods: Data were collected through face-to-face interview method via a questionnaire including socio-demographic information, anthropometric measurements, Three-Factor Eating Questionarre-21, and 24-hour recall food consumption record. Results: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 619 adults (M = 266 (43%), F = 353 (57.0%)) aged 18-64 years. The carbon footprint value of the overall diet was 3.84 ± 0.1 kg CO2-eq per person per day and 2.10 ± 1.2 kg CO2-eq per 1,000 kcal. Meat and dairy groups are the major contributors to carbon footprint (34.8%, and 18.9%, respectively). Uncontrolled eating scores were higher in the highest quantile (Q5) group for the carbon footprint (CO2-eq/kg) group (p

Chronotype is associated with Mediterranean dietary adherence and environmental footprints

ABSTRACT This cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the relationship between nutrition according to chronotype and the Mediterranean diet and environmental footprints. “Morningness Eveningness Questionnaire” was used to determine the chronotype classification, and “Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener” was used to evaluate adherence to the Mediterranean diet. In addition, the food consumption record of the participants was taken and the carbon and water footprints were calculated. A total of 472 adults with a mean age of 22.7 ± 5.0 years participated in the study. Accordingly, 61.0% of the participants were morning type, 15.7% were intermediate type, and 23.3% were evening type. Individuals with higher chronotype values (morning) tended to be more adherent to the Mediterranean diet and had lower environmental (carbon and water) footprints (p < 0.05). The results of this study; showed that diet according to chronotype affects adherence to the Mediterranean diet and environmental footprints.

Validity and reliability study of the Mediterranean Lifestyle Index: Turkish adaptation

ObjectiveThe Mediterranean Lifestyle Index (MEDLIFE) differs from similar scales in that it concurrently includes diet and lifestyle. The current study translated MEDLIFE into Turkish, and assessed its reliability and validity. MethodsA questionnaire was administered to 300 individuals 19–65 years of age. The questionnaire was subsequently re-administered to 87 research participants. The questionnaire, asking for general information, MEDLIFE, and information regarding anthropometric measurements, was sent to the users of an online platform. The scale was converted into the applicable Turkish form by an expert group. Test-retest reliability was evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). In addition, kappa coefficients (k) and Bland–Altman graphs were determined for each item to assess reliability. ResultsThe mean scores before and after were 14.5 ± 3.68 and 14.3 ± 3.81, respectively, and the intercorrelation coefficient r was 0.817 for test-re-test reliability. ConclusionThe validity and reliability of the scale in the Turkish language was confirmed. This study is the first to translate MEDLIFE into another language and may aid in assessing the scale's adaptability to other languages. Food consumption record and physical activity record studies must be performed to ensure validity.

Intake of dietary advanced glycation end products may be associated with depression and sleep quality in young adults

BackgroundThis study examined the relationship between dietary intake of advanced glycation end products (dAGEs) and depression and sleep quality in young adults. MethodsThis study, which included 420 university students (F = 80.2 %; M = 19.8 %), is observational and cross-sectional. Dietary AGEs intakes of individuals were taken with a 24-h food consumption record system. Measuring the depression status of the participants was evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the assessment of their sleep quality was evaluated with the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Individuals' dAGEs intakes were divided into three equal groups (low, medium, and high). The energy was adjusted in all analyzes of dAGEs intake. Study data were analyzed with the SPSS (27.0 version) and GraphPad program (8.0 version). ResultsThe BDI and PSQI total score averages of individuals in the high dAGEs intake group were higher than the other groups, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). There is no significant difference between individuals' dAGEs intakes and energy and macronutrient intakes. Students' dAGEs intake was affected by BDI (β = 0.722, 95 % Cl = 0.639;0.811) and PSQI (β = 0.286, 95 % Cl = 0.179;0.431) scores (p < 0.001). This effect persisted even when various confounding factors were included (age, gender, smoking, body mass index, chronic disease) (p < 0.001). LimitationsThese data are cross-sectional, which limits the generalizability of results and establishing cause-effect relationships. ConclusionThere may be an association between dAGEs intake and the development of depression and sleep quality in young adults. Clinical intervention studies using objective measurement methods should be conducted on this issue in the future.

EVALUATION OF BODY COMPOSITION, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, AND EATING ATTITUDES OF MALE INDIVIDUALS BASED ON EXERCISE ADDICTION BEHAVIOR

In this study, we aimed to examine the body composition, supplement use and nutritional status of young adult males who attend the gym based on their level of exercise addiction. We also intended to determine if there was a link between exercise addiction and eating attitude. The study included 150 volunteers males aged 19 to 30 who had exercised at least three days a week for the last three months. Data were collected through a questionnaire containing questions about the general characteristics of individuals, an eating attitude test, an exercise addiction scale, and a food consumption record. The results of the exercise dependence scale showed that 23.3% of the participants were asymptomatic, 69.3% were non-dependent symptomatic, and 7.3% were addicts. 50% of individuals had an abnormal eating behavior disorder. There was a moderate positive correlation between exercise addiction and eating attitude scale scores (r=0.50 and p

Examining dietary habits in the context of multiple sclerosis: A comprehensive investigative approach

AimsThe aim of this study is to evaluate the nutritional status of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to develop suggestions for changing eating habits in a healthy direction. MethodsThe study was conducted on 171 participants (80.1 % female; 19.9 % male) diagnosed with MS between the ages of 18–60 who applied to Ankara Hacettepe University Hospital Neurology Outpatient Clinic between June 2021 and March 2023. Body weight, height, body composition, waist circumference, upper mid-arm circumference and hand grip strength were measured in accordance with the technique of anthropometric measurements. A three-day food consumption record was taken to evaluate the energy, macro, and micronutrient content of the diet. Mediterranean Diet Assessment Tool was used to assess adherence to diet. ResultsMean age of the participants was recorded as 35.2 ± 10.81 years. According to the body mass index (BMI) classification, 59.9 % of females were in normal limits, while 61.8 % of males were classified as overweight and obese. However, when evaluated in terms of body composition, body fat percentage was found to be above of normal limits in both genders. Also, 70.8 % of participants were sedentary. The percentage of patients who met their daily energy requirements in women with light and moderate activity was higher than in men, but it was not statistically significant. In participants with high activity level, the percentage of patients meeting energy requirements was below 50 % for both genders. Dietary fat and saturated fat intake were higher than the recommendations, while monounsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber intake were less. The percentages of patients meeting their calcium requirement was below 50 % in both genders. Mean intake amounts of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, and dairy products were below the Türkiye Nutrition Guideline recommendations. ConclusionThis study shows the nutritional characteristic of patients with MS in detail with different aspects. Although most of the patients were in normal limits in terms of BMI, body fat percentages were found to be above normal limits in both genders. Total fat and saturated fat intakes were found to be high according to scientific recommendations while the intake of food groups required for a fibre-based diet and intake of dairy products were low.

The relationship between dietary polyphenol intake and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, mental health, and sleep quality among Turkish adults: A cross-sectional study

A high intake of polyphenols has been shown to benefit health, protect against the risk of mental disorders, and improve sleep quality. This study aimed to determine the relationship between polyphenol intake, sleep quality, depression, stress, and anxiety in Turkish adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted with adults aged 18-64 between December 5, 2023, and May 12, 2024, in Istanbul, Türkiye. Participants completed a questionnaire with demographic characteristics, the Mediterranean Dietary Adherence Screener (MEDAS), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and a 7-day food consumption record. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0. One hundred nineteen adults (73.1% female, mean age 23.69 ± 3.76 years) participated. There was a statistically significant difference in MEDAS classification across tertiles of polyphenol intake (p: 0.015). After controlling for confounders, the depression score significantly decreased across tertiles of polyphenol intake (OR: 0.990, p: 0.001). Similar results were observed for the anxiety score (OR: 1.006, p&lt; 0.001). MEDAS scores showed a statistically significant difference across tertiles in unadjusted and all adjusted models (p: 0.049, p: 0.030, p: 0.020, and p: 0.015, respectively). Our findings revealed that dietary polyphenols may have a beneficial effect on depression and anxiety.

Children-Dietary Inflammatory Index and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Children with Overweight and Obesity: Are They Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters?

Purpose: This study was planned to assess the relationship between the children’s dietary inflammatory index (cDII), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMD), and metabolic control parameters in children with overweight and obesity.&#x0D; Methods: This cross-sectional was conducted in children with overweight and obesity aged 7-18 years. Sociodemographic, biochemical, dietary, and lifestyle data were collected using a questionnaire. Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) was used to evaluate AMD. Body weight, height, neck, waist, and hip circumference were measured. Dietary intake and cDII were assessed with a three-day food consumption record. &#x0D; Results: The mean cDII score was 2.2∓0.94 (range from -0.43 to 4.39). Of the total participants, 12% had high and 38.7% had low AMD. There were no significant differences between cDII and biochemical and anthropometric parameters. The proportion of participants with high insulin levels (53.4%) was higher in participants with low AMD group than in those with high AMD (32.6%) (p=0.011). The proportion of participants with insulin resistance was higher in the low AMD group than in the medium/high adherence group (53.4% vs. 37.0%, p=0.047). There was no significant relationship between AMD and lipid profile. Logistic regression analysis showed that participants with low AMD had high insulin levels to be 2.055 times (95% CI= 1.009-4.186. OR=2.055) compared to participants with moderate/high AMD (p=0.047). cDII scores and AMD were not associated with insulin resistance.&#x0D; Conclusion: This study showed that low AMD was associated with high insulin levels, but cDII was not associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight and obesity.

Younger age, higher father education level, and healthy lifestyle behaviors are associated with higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet in school-aged children

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MDiet) in school-aged children in Turkey and explore the associated factors with high adherence to the MDiet. MethodThis cross-sectional was conducted with 2693 school-aged children. Sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle data were collected using a questionnaire. Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) was used to evaluate adherence to the MDiet. Body weight, height, neck, waist, and hip circumference were measured. Dietary intake was assessed with a 24-h food consumption record. ResultsOf the 2693 children, 29.5% had high, 53.9% had moderate, and 16.6% had low adherence to the MDiet. Primary school children had significantly higher adherence to the diet than secondary school children. Adherence to the MDiet was higher in children whose fathers were university graduates. There were no significant differences in sex, body mass index (BMI), or anthropometric measurements according to MDiet adherence. The high adherence group had a significantly higher intake of protein, fiber, vitamins C, B1, B6, B2, folate, polyunsaturated fatty acids, zinc, potassium, and calcium, but lower carbohydrate intake compared with the low/moderate adherence group. Higher adherence to the MDiet was associated with adequate sleep duration (≥9 to <12 h) (odds ratio [OR], 1.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24–2.78), whereas poor/moderate adherence was associated with age (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.73–0.87) and screen time (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.40–0.63). Children who reported engaging in regular physical activity were more likely to have higher MDiet adherence (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.16–1.85). ConclusionThe results of this study showed that >50% of the children presented moderate MDiet adherence. Younger age, adequate sleep duration, engaging in regular physical activity, less screen time, and higher education level of fathers were associated with higher adherence to the diet.

Determination of Nutritional Status in Children with Cystic Fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis is a disease that affects quality of life and life span as a result of mutation in the transmembrane conductivity regulator gene. The aim of this study is to determine the nutritional status of 2–18-year-old children with cystic fibrosis.75 children with cystic fibrosis between the ages of 2-18 were included in the study. The data were obtained online with the "Sociodemographic Form", "Nutrition Evaluation Form" and "24-Hour Food Consumption Record". Dietary quality, energy intake, macro and micronutrient intakes of the participants were determined by taking a 24-hour food consumption record. IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 24 statistical program and BEBIS 8.2 program were used to analyze the data obtained through the questionnaire.&#x0D; In this study 32 girls and 43 boys were included. It was determined that the daily energy intake of the girls was 1368 ± 394 kcal, and the boys were 1496 ± 494 kcal. When the z-score values of the participants are examined, the z-score value according to the height is minimum -4.16, maximum 3.05; It has been determined that the z-score value for weight is minimum -3.79 and maximum 2.60. The mean z-score of the participants for height was -0.25; The mean z score according to weight was determined as -0.40. The average weight of the boys is 30 kg, and the girls are 28.4 kg. More studies are needed to determine nutritional status, new nutritional therapies, and supplemental doses in children with cystic fibrosis.

Are dietary and serum advanced glycation end-products related to inflammation and oxidation biomarkers in breast cancer patients: a follow-up study.

This study is aimed at evaluating the relationship between dietary and serum advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) with serum inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in breast cancer (BC). A sample of BC patients was followed for 12 months (March 2020-January 2022). Three-day food consumption record and serum samples were taken before surgery (T1), before chemotherapy (T2), at the 6th month of chemotherapy (T3), and at the 12th month of chemotherapy (T4). Dietary AGE intake was represented by carboxymethyl lysine (dCML). Serum levels of CML, inflammation, and oxidation biomarkers were determined with biochemical blood tests. The results were compared according to human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status. Thirty-two women with BC and 32 age and body mass index-matched healthy women participated. No significant correlation was found between dCML and serum CML, inflammatory or oxidative stress biomarkers at T1, T2, and T4. A weak positive correlation was demonstrated between dCML and serum malondialdehyde levels (rho=0.355, p=0.046) at T3. The serum CML, inflammation, and oxidation biomarker levels of the HER2- group were significantly higher than those of the HER2+ group at T1. This study suggests that there is limited correlation between dCML and serum inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers in BC patients. Inflammation and oxidative biomarker levels appear to decline with treatment although dietary and serum AGE levels show not a corresponding significant decline. The HER2- subtype appears to be associated with higher dietary and serum AGEs and higher inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers.

Nutrition Intervention for Undernourished Older Adults amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: Older adults are vulnerable to disease exposure because of the agerelated decrease in immune capacity. Older adults with macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies may have poor nutritional status and low immune responses, making them prone to COVID-19 infection. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of orange almond potato cookie supplementation on weight, hemoglobin, and albumin levels in undernourished older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A quasi-experimental study design was utilized in a cohort of 31 older adults. The subjects consumed 50 grams of cookies per day for 4 weeks. The examination was performed to assess the hemoglobin and albumin levels at pre- and post-study timepoints. Education about balanced nutrition and anemia was provided throughout the study using leaflets, flipcharts, and videos. The subjects were weighed weekly to assess compliance; cookies were distributed, and a daily food consumption record was collected three times a week during home visits. Results: Weight, hemoglobin, and albumin levels increased by 0.4 kg, 0.1 points, and 1 point, respectively. The difference was significant for weight, albeit nonsignificant for hemoglobin and albumin levels. At the end of the study, participants’ knowledge regarding balanced nutrition and anemia was statistically significantly different, as well as that of energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamin C, and iron intake. Weight gain was found to be influenced by the total cookie consumption (p &lt; 0.035). Conclusion: Orange almond potato cookies increased the undernourished older adults’ weight when consumed for 4 weeks.