Recording Device Research Articles

Eyes on the Truth: Assessing the Use of the Body-Worn Cameras in South Cotabato Provincial Police Office

The use of body-worn cameras by law enforcement has become increasingly prevalent in recent years, with the aim of enhancing accountability, improving police-community relations, and providing valuable evidence for investigations. This study assessed the use of body-worn cameras and alternative recording devices by South Cotabato Provincial Police Office personnel. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data analysis and qualitative interviews with selected officers in the South Cotabato Provincial Police Office. The findings revealed that the South Cotabato Provincial Police Office had fully implemented the use of body-worn cameras and alternative recording devices in the execution of warrants and other planned police operations. There are only other police units and police personnel doing routine police activities who do not wear body-worn cameras or alternative recording devices. The PNP personnel also highly complied with the rules on the use of body-worn cameras and alternative recording devices during encounters with a suspect or accused, and their rights were highly observed by the South Cotabato Provincial Police Office. There is a need to provide more budget in the PNP organization to equip all police personnel in the South Cotabato Police Provincial Office with body- worn cameras intended for overt and covert operations. This research study made several contributions to the existing body of knowledge on the use of body-worn cameras by law enforcement agencies in the Philippines. It provides empirical evidence on the implementation and compliance of the South Cotabato Provincial Police personnel, offering valuable insights into the perspectives of police officers. By adopting a mixed-methods approach, the research captured a comprehensive understanding of the challenges, benefits, and opportunities associated with the deployment of this technology in a specific regional setting. The research findings also had direct policy implications, highlighting the need to align the policies of agencies and branches of government, comprehensive training programs, robust data management protocols, and the allocation of a bigger budget for law enforcement programs. Finally, this research adds to the limited body of literature on the use of body-worn cameras in developing countries, where the implementation and evaluation of such technologies may face distinct challenges and opportunities compared to more established contexts. The insights and lessons learned from the South Cotabato Provincial Police Office case study can inform future research and the global discourse on the role of technology in policing and public safety.

Consonant Elision in English Word Pronunciation of Obolo Speakers of English in Nigeria

This research investigates consonant elision in the spoken words of Obolo speakers of English (OSE). There is an assumption that the Obolo speakers of English exhibit features of inaccurate pronunciation especially, the elision of the voiceless alveolar and velar consonant sounds /t/ and /k/ in their English speech as it impedes mutual intelligibility during conversation. This assumption forms the background of this study. Sixty (60) university graduates from different fields of study were randomly drawn from six communities of Obolo: Ekede, Ayama Ekede, Ebukuma, Ngo, Agana and Egwede. The Optimality theory was used as a theoretical thrust for this study, and prepared single and connected words were arranged on a questionnaire for the subjects to read, while their productions were recorded using an MP3 digital recording device. For the analysis, the study employed perceptual and quantitative approaches focusing on the phonotactic order and the structure of English sounds as realized by the Obolo speakers of English. The findings revealed that the majority of Obolo speakers of English delete the consonant sounds /t/ and /k/ in their English pronunciations at the medial and coda positions of consonant clusters. Phonotactically, it was discovered that the output violates the faithful constraints. The statistics also show that subjects exhibit consonant elision in their pronunciation. For instance, 65%, 70% and 64% were unable to realized /k/ and /t/ correctly. This problem is not peculiar to only Obolo Speakers of English. The researcher suggests more research of this kind in other languages using a different approach.

The Orientation in Space of the Maxillary Arch: New and Old Devices in the Prosthetic Digital Workflow.

In extensive prosthetic rehabilitations and in those involving the anterior area, a correct 3D spatial position is of fundamental importance for effective communication between the clinician and the dental technician. The aim of this article is to analyze the different methods used to position in space and/or in an articulator the maxillary arch in analog workflows highlighting shortcomings and difficulties in order to understand how to overcome them when employing digital workflows. Traditional mechanical devices, such as anatomical, kinematic, esthetic and postural facebows, have clear indications, but also limitations, especially in cases of skeletal asymmetries. Modern digital tools, including photography, CBCT, facial scanners and jaw recording devices, are here critically analyzed to illustrate the advantages of working in a virtual space. The adoption of digital tools in the prosthetic workflow represents a significant improvement compared to traditional techniques, as it reduces errors and artifacts of registration and transfer of the position of the maxillary arch in the articulator space. This contributes to more predictable esthetic and functional results, with a positive impact for clinicians and technicians, improving clinical-laboratory communication, operational efficiency and overall quality of work. The integration of digital tools into prosthetic workflows represents an important advancement in clinical practice since they reduce human error and facilitate communication between the clinician and the laboratory. When carrying out rehabilitations involving changes in esthetics or occlusal plane orientation, the proper and accurate positioning of the upper arch in space is particularly relevant.

A Qualitative Study to Explore Survivors' Experiences in the Implementation of Covid-19 Primary Prevention Efforts in Aceh Province

Background: Primary prevention plays an important role in preventing the occurrence of a disease or other health problems including Covid-19. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of Covid-19 survivors in implementing primary prevention efforts for Covid-19. Research Method: This Qualitative study used a phenomenological descriptive design. The Study participants comprised Covid-19 survivors in the capital of Aceh Province, Indonesia. Data were collected using demographic data sheets, Covid-19 primary precaution questionnaires, interview guidelines, field notes, and voice recording devices. Data analysis employed a qualitative data analysis technique. Results: The study shows two main themes regarding Covid-19 survivors’ experiences in implementing primary prevention efforts for Covid-19: knowledge about primary prevention efforts for Covid-19, and; obstacles in implementing Covid-19 primary prevention (e.g., use of masks, washing hands, physical distancing, etc) Conclusion: Covid-19 primary prevention implementation can have both positive and negative experiences for survivors (people). Health professionals should consider these in their intervention programs.

Estimation of Speech Features Using a Wearable Inertial Sensor

Speech features have been investigated as novel digital biomarkers for many psychiatric and neurocognitive diseases. Microphones are the most used devices for speech recording but inevitably suffering from several disadvantages such as privacy leakage and environmental noises, limiting their clinical applications particularly for long-term ambulatory monitoring. The aim of the present study is therefore to explore the feasibility of extracting speech features from the acceleration recorded on the sternum. Ten healthy subjects volunteered in our study. Two speech tasks, i.e., repeating one sentence 20 times and reading 20 different sentences, were performed by each subject, with each task repeated 8 times under different speech rate and loudness. Voice signals and speech-caused chest vibrations were simultaneously recorded by a microphone and an accelerometer placed on the sternum. 42 acoustic features and 6 time-related prosodic features were extracted from both signals using a standard toolbox, and then compared by a linear fit and correlation analysis. Good agreement between the acceleration features and microphone features is observed in all 6 time-related prosodic features for both tasks, but only in 19 and 17 acoustic features for task 1 and 2, respectively, with most of them loudness- or pitch-related. Our results suggest the sternum acceleration to track time-related speech prosody, loudness, and pitch very well, demonstrating the feasibility of deriving digital biomarkers from the acceleration signal for diseases strongly related to time-related prosodic and loudness features.

An Audacious Maneuver: First Record of Leopardus guigna in the Marine Environment

The Güiña (Leopardus guigna), the smallest Neotropical feline, inhabits central and southern Chile and western Argentina. This communication reports the first documented instance of a güiña swimming in a marine environment, observed in the Refugio Channel, which separates Refugio Island from the mainland in Northern Patagonia, Chile. In April 2023, a local resident recorded video footage of a güiña swimming near the eastern shore of the channel, emerging from the water, shaking off, and climbing a tree to groom itself. This observation suggests that the güiña might use the seacoast when searching for food, particularly during periods of low terrestrial prey availability during the winter. The ability of the güiña to adapt to such environments underscores the species’ ecological flexibility, previously undocumented in this context, and highlights the need for integrating marine resources into the species’ conservation strategies. The video’s quality is limited due to the simplicity of the recording device, but it provides crucial visual evidence of this behavior.

Progress in self-powered medical devices for breathing recording

Progress in self-powered medical devices for breathing recording

Evaluating heart rate variability by a novel stethoscopic approach to minimise stress in cats.

Stress associated with manipulation during electrocardiography (ECG) recording in cats potentially limits the assessment of autonomic function through heart rate variability (HRV) in the feline population. This study proposed an alternative, cat friendly, stethoscopic approach to evaluate HRV with an easily acquired vasovagal tonus index (VVTI). The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate whether VVTI derived from heart sound signals could distinguish between relaxed and stimulated states. A total of 29 cats with 56 recordings of heart sound and ECG on 31 occasions were included. In 25 cats in their home environment, a stethoscope connected to a digital recording device was used to record 2 mins of heart sounds twice - with the cats in a relaxed state and immediately after stimulation. The VVTI was calculated from 20, 60 and 120 consecutive beat-to-beat intervals on the heart sound spectrogram (stethoscopic-VVTI 20, 60 and 120), using the natural logarithm of the variance of the intervals based on previous literature. A 2-min ECG recording was obtained at home with the intention of avoiding strict restraint. To demonstrate the feasibility of the stethoscopic approach in a hospital setting, six cats (two of which were also recorded at home) underwent heart sound and ECG recordings during planned veterinary visits. Stethoscopic-VVTI 20 (5.43 to 4.79, P = 0.001), 60 (6.20 to 5.18, P <0.001) and 120 (6.24 to 5.60, P = 0.02) all significantly decreased after stimulation, indicating a reduced vasovagal tone as expected. Calculations of stethoscopic-VVTI from different sections of the recording yielded statistically similar results. Stethoscopic-VVTI showed a negative correlation with the corresponding heart rate. Bland-Altman analysis revealed a mean bias for the differences between stethoscopic-VVTI and ECG-VVTI of 0.50 and 1.07 at home and in the hospital, respectively. VVTI can be successfully detected through a stethoscopic approach, serving as a less stressful tool for HRV evaluation in cats during routine auscultation.

Structural, Magnetic and Electrochemical Properties of Nickel Manganese Ferrite (NixMn1-xFe2O4) Nanoparticles Prepared via Coprecipitation Method

In current work, the co-precipitation approach was effectively used to synthesize NixMn1-xFe2O4 nanoparticles. Thermal stability of the nickel manganese ferrite nanoparticle was observed at temperatures above 390 ºC by TG/DTA analysis. XRD investigation revealed the cubic structure of the synthesized NixMn1-xFe2O4 nanoparticles. The average crystallite size of synthesized nanoparticles determined via Scherrer’s equation, increases linearly with calcination temperature and nickel concentration. The FTIR spectra showed the existence of stretching vibrations of metal oxide, which are ascribed to the formation of nickel manganese ferrite nanoparticles. The surface morphology of NixMn1-xFe2O4 nanoparticles, as observed using FESEM, exhibited a spherical shape. The EDX spectrum indicates the occurrence of Ni, Fe, Mn and O in the synthesized nickel manganese ferrite nanoparticles. The average size of the crystallites, as determined by XRD, closely matches the analysis conducted using HRTEM. The magnetic properties of NixMn1-xFe2O4 nanoparticles were analyzed using VSM. Nickel manganese ferrite nanoparticles exhibit increasing saturation magnetization and coercivity values as nickel concentration increases, indicating soft ferrimagnetic properties and making it appropriate for high-density recording devices. The cyclic voltammetry investigation of Ni0.7Mn0.3Fe2O4 sample, calcinated at 600 ºC, reveals a significant specific capacitance of 590 F g–1 at a scan rate of 2 mV s–1, suggesting its potential use in supercapacitors.

Big data in myoelectric control: large multi-user models enable robust zero-shot EMG-based discrete gesture recognition.

Myoelectric control, the use of electromyogram (EMG) signals generated during muscle contractions to control a system or device, is a promising input, enabling always-available control for emerging ubiquitous computing applications. However, its widespread use has historically been limited by the need for user-specific machine learning models because of behavioural and physiological differences between users. Leveraging the publicly available 612-user EMG-EPN612 dataset, this work dispels this notion, showing that true zero-shot cross-user myoelectric control is achievable without user-specific training. By taking a discrete approach to classification (i.e., recognizing the entire dynamic gesture as a single event), a classification accuracy of 93.0% for six gestures was achieved on a set of 306 unseen users, showing that big data approaches can enable robust cross-user myoelectric control. By organizing the results into a series of mini-studies, this work provides an in-depth analysis of discrete cross-user models to answer unknown questions and uncover new research directions. In particular, this work explores the number of participants required to build cross-user models, the impact of transfer learning for fine-tuning these models, and the effects of under-represented end-user demographics in the training data, among other issues. Additionally, in order to further evaluate the performance of the developed cross-user models, a completely new dataset was created (using the same recording device) that includes known covariate factors such as cross-day use and limb-position variability. The results show that the large data models can effectively generalize to new datasets and mitigate the impact of common confounding factors that have historically limited the adoption of EMG-based inputs.

Through the Lens of Accountability: Body-Worn Cameras in Police Operations at Pampanga Police Provincial Office

This study evaluates the compliance of the Pampanga Provincial Police Office with the use of body-worn cameras and alternative recording devices during police operations in the province Pampanga and examines the severity of problems encountered in their use. Specifically, it assesses compliance in terms of procedural fairness, police performance, data protocols, privacy concerns, and camera benefit while investigating the relationship between compliance levels and encountered problems. It hypothesizes that higher compliance levels are associated with fewer operational problems and that certain areas, such as data protocols and privacy, may present greater challenges. A descriptive correlational design was used, employing structured questionnaires to gather data from 200 respondents, including police officers and community members. Key findings indicate a very high compliance level in using Body-Worn Cameras and Alternative Recording Devices (Mean = 3.49), but also highlight significant challenges, with an overall severity rating of problems as high (Mean = 2.81). Correlational analysis suggests a moderate positive relationship between perceived compliance and the severity of problems faced. The study recommends tailored training, procedural adjustments, and improved data management and privacy measures to address these challenges. Limitations of the study include potential biases in respondent perceptions and constraints in generalizing findings to other regions. Policymakers are urged to enhance transparency, accountability, and public trust in police practices to foster a safer community environment in Pampanga Province.

Microstructural, dielectric, electrical, electromagnetic, and magnetic property enhancements in GdIG /TrIG/ Mn0.2Co0.3Zn0.5Fe2O4 ferrites composites for electronic devices application

Gadolinium garnet ferrite (GdIG) and terbium garnet ferrite (TrIG), known for their favourable magnetic and dielectric characteristics, were combined with doped zinc spinel ferrite (GdIG)x-(TrIG)y/Mn0.2Co0.3Zn0.5Fe2O4(1-x-y) (at x=1 y=0, x=0 y=1, x=y=0.5, x=y=0.25, x=y=0) to achieve improved permittivity, permeability and magnetic properties with reduced magneto-dielectric losses. Our study details the synthesis process and the resulting enhancements in structural, magnetic, and dielectric properties of the prepared samples. Analysis of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the presence of a crystalline structure characterized by both cubic spinel and cubic garnet phases in the composites. The microstructures of the composites were analysed with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), revealing the variation in a grain size from 0.11 μm to 0.96 μm at x =y=0.5. A thorough link between the crystal structure and XRD spectra, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns have all been investigated in order to enhance the characterisation of the samples. At 1KHz, the composites exhibit highest electrical resistivity values of 5.9×106 Ωm and 2.6×106 Ωm. With the incorporation of spinel ferrites in garnet ferrite composite (x=y=0.25) the highest value of dielectric constant (885.2) and low value of dielectric loss (0.07) at 100 KHz has been obtained. Permeability values, derived from permittivity data, showed an increase in real permeability values of from 1.4×1012 to 9.2×1017 for x=y=0.5 to x=y=0.25 composite. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) further confirm that the composite x=y=0.25 has highest magnetic saturation (148.8 emu/g), coercivity (502 Oe) and microwave operating frequency (33.6 GHz). The observed high dielectric constant, low loss values, switching field distribution and good magnetic properties suggest the potential suitability of these samples for various electronic devices like: high frequency devices, antennas, switching devices and magnetic recording devices.

Ultrathin Indium Tin Oxide Accumulation Mode Electrolyte‐Gated Transistors for Bioelectronics

AbstractElectrolyte‐gated field effect transistors and electrochemical transistors have emerged as powerful components for bioelectronic sensors and biopotential recording devices. A set of parameters must be considered when developing devices to amplify weak electrophysiological signals. These include maximum transconductance values, cut‐off frequencies, and large on/off current ratios. Organic polymer‐based devices have recently dominated the field, especially when considering flexibility as a key factor. Oxide semiconductors may also offer these features, as well as advantages like higher mobility. Herein, flexible, ultrathin, indium tin oxide (ITO) electrolyte‐gated transistors are reported. These accumulation‐mode devices combine n‐type operation with µe = 9.5 cm2 Vs−1, high transconductance (gm = 44 mS), and on/off ratios (105) as well as optically transparent layouts. While oxides are normally considered brittle, mechanically flexible ITO layers are obtained by room temperature deposition of amorphous layers onto parylene C. This process results in low strain, producing devices that survive bending. ITO electrochemically degrades, however, with cycling. To overcome this, the surface is passivated with high dielectric constant inert capping layers of Ta2O5 or Ta2O5/AlN. This greatly improves stability while preserving low gate voltages. Based on their overall performance, ITO‐based EGFETs are promising for bioelectronics.

Struktur, Kategori, dan Fungsi Sosial Petatah Petitih Minangkabau di Nagari Sianok IV Suku Kabupaten Agam

This research is conducted to document the structure, categories, and social functions of Minangkabau proverbs at Nagari Sianok VI Suku Agam Regency. The aim of this research is to describe structure, categories, and social functions of Minangkabau proverbs at Nagari Sianok VI Suku Agam Regency. This research is a qualitative using a descriptive methods. The data were conducted by doing interview using recording sheers, voice recording device, and interview guideline. The results of this research is revealing 42 Minangkabau proverbs at Nagari Sianok VI Suku Agam Regency which have: physical structures (diction, imagery, figure of speech, typography, and concrete words); internal structures (themes, feelings, tones, and messages); categories (animals, plants, part of body, human, and nature); and social functions (educational tools, enforces and supervisors of norms, instruments for traditions and cultural institutions, and projection systems). This research concludes that Minangkabau proverbs have an influence on customs and normative values at Nagari Sianok VI Suku Agam Regency.

Mouse Exploratory Behaviour in the Open Field with and without NAT-1 EEG Device: Effects of MK801 and Scopolamine.

One aspect of reproducibility in preclinical research that is frequently overlooked is the physical condition in which physiological, pharmacological, or behavioural recordings are conducted. In this study, the physical conditions of mice were altered through the attachments of wireless electrophysiological recording devices (Neural Activity Tracker-1, NAT-1). NAT-1 devices are miniaturised multichannel devices with onboard memory for direct high-resolution recording of brain activity for >48 h. Such devices may limit the mobility of animals and affect their behavioural performance due to the added weight (total weight of approximately 3.4 g). The mice were additionally treated with saline (control), N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK801 (0.85 mg/kg), or the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor blocker scopolamine (0.65 mg/kg) to allow exploration of the effect of NAT-1 attachments in pharmacologically treated mice. We found only minimal differences in behavioural outcomes with NAT-1 attachments in standard parameters of locomotor activity widely reported for the open field test between the drug treatments. Hypoactivity was globally observed as a consistent outcome in the MK801-treated mice and hyperactivity in scopolamine groups regardless of NAT-1 attachments. These data collectively confirm the reproducibility for combined behavioural, pharmacological, and physiological endpoints even in the presence of lightweight wireless data loggers. The NAT-1 therefore constitutes a pertinent tool for investigating brain activity in, e.g., drug discovery and models of neuropsychiatric and/or neurodegenerative diseases with minimal effects on pharmacological and behavioural outcomes.

Language Teaching Optimization: Enhancing the Distinction Between /i:/ and // for Second Language Learners

One of the biggest challenges encountered by second language learners is to accurately differentiate between the two vowels in English: /i:/ and //, which play an important role in everyday communication and are crucial for clear transmission of information and effective communication due to their high functional load (FL). Therefore, the paper aims to gain a more profound understanding of the difficulties learners encounter in distinguishing these vowels, with the hope of providing them with more effective learning strategies and methods. In this paper, seven English majors and seven non-English majors were selected as the study participants using an empirical research method, and audio data on the participants' pronunciation of words containing /i:/ and // were collected using a recording device and analyzed using Praat. The results indicates that both groups frequently lacked an understanding of the distinctive pronunciation characteristics of these vowels, which resulted in instances of pronunciation confusion or inaccuracy. Moreover, it proposes suggestions for enhancing teaching strategies: the integration of audio and visual teaching resources and the implementation of targeted pronunciation exercises can facilitate the acquisition of English pronunciation, thereby enhancing the accuracy and fluency of their spoken English and their performance in English communication.

Language Teaching Optimization: Enhancing the Distinction Between /i:/ and // for Second Language Learners

One of the biggest challenges encountered by second language learners is to accurately differentiate between the two vowels in English: /i:/ and //, which play an important role in everyday communication and are crucial for clear transmission of information and effective communication due to their high functional load (FL). Therefore, the paper aims to gain a more profound understanding of the difficulties learners encounter in distinguishing these vowels, with the hope of providing them with more effective learning strategies and methods. In this paper, seven English majors and seven non-English majors were selected as the study participants using an empirical research method, and audio data on the participants' pronunciation of words containing /i:/ and // were collected using a recording device and analyzed using Praat. The results indicates that both groups frequently lacked an understanding of the distinctive pronunciation characteristics of these vowels, which resulted in instances of pronunciation confusion or inaccuracy. Moreover, it proposes suggestions for enhancing teaching strategies: the integration of audio and visual teaching resources and the implementation of targeted pronunciation exercises can facilitate the acquisition of English pronunciation, thereby enhancing the accuracy and fluency of their spoken English and their performance in English communication.

The martensitic structures, exchange bias effect and training effect in Ni-Mn-Ga ribbons

The exchange bias effect is the physical basics of spin valves and magnetic recording devices. A stable exchange bias effect would be suitable for practical application. In this work, Ni50Mn50-xGax (11≤ x ≤16) ribbons were obtained by melt spinning. The grain size and microstructure have been tuned through melt spinning, which changes the exchange interaction in ribbons and thus gets a giant and stable exchange bias effect. As the increase of x, the structure of Ni50Mn50-xGax (11≤ x ≤16) ribbons undergoes a transition from non-modulated martensite to non-modulated martensite &10 layers modulated martensite to 10 layers modulated martensite. The average grain size of all ribbons is less than 10 μm, and the martensitic plate widths are smaller than 200 nm. With the increasing x or the cooling fields, the magnetization of the ribbons has been enhanced. As a result, the competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions has been changed and thus influencing spin glass behavior. Furthermore, a low degree of attenuation for the exchange bias effect after continuous cycles has been achieved which arises from the stable spin configuration with a larger contribution of frozen spin which has a slow relaxation rate. For example, the exchange bias field of 8.78 kOe in Ni50Mn38Ga12 ribbons can be achieved under the 40 kOe field cooling at 10 K, and the exchange bias field after infinite cycles can be kept at 8.58 kOe, the degree of attenuation is only 3.4 %. This work enriches the research on the exchange bias effect of Heusler alloys and provides the experimental basis and theoretical support for designing a stable exchange bias effect.

Bioelectronic Implantable Devices for Physiological Signal Recording and Closed‐Loop Neuromodulation

AbstractBioelectronic implantable devices are adept at facilitating continuous monitoring of health and enabling the early detection of diseases, offering insights into the physiological conditions of various bodily organs. Furthermore, these advanced systems have therapeutic capabilities in neuromodulation, demonstrating their efficacy in addressing diverse medical conditions through the precise delivery of stimuli directly to specific targets. This comprehensive review explores developments and applications of bioelectronic devices within the biomedical field. Special emphasis is placed on the evolution of closed‐loop systems, which stand out for their dynamic treatment adjustments based on real‐time physiological feedback. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and edge computing technologies is discussed, which significantly bolster the diagnostic and therapeutic functions of these devices. By addressing elemental analyses, current challenges, and future directions in implantable devices, the review aims to guide the pathway for advances in bioelectronic devices.

Derivative Method to Detect Sleep and Awake States through Heart Rate Variability Analysis Using Machine Learning Algorithms.

Sleep disorders can have harmful consequences in both the short and long term. They can lead to attention deficits, as well as cardiac, neurological and behavioral repercussions. One of the most widely used methods for assessing sleep disorders is polysomnography (PSG). A major challenge associated with this method is all the cables needed to connect the recording devices, making the examination more intrusive and usually requiring a clinical environment. This can have potential consequences on the test results and their accuracy. One simple way to assess the state of the central nervous system (CNS), a well-known indicator of sleep disorder, could be the use of a portable medical device. With this in mind, we implemented a simple model using both the RR interval (RRI) and its second derivative to accurately predict the awake and napping states of a subject using a feature classification model. For training and validation, we used a database providing measurements from nine healthy young adults (six men and three women), in which heart rate variability (HRV) associated with light-on, light-off, sleep onset and sleep offset events. Results show that using a 30 min RRI time series window suffices for this lightweight model to accurately predict whether the patient was awake or napping.