Reconfiguration Period Research Articles

Dachau 1965: Metaphorical Exhibition Making at the Memorial Site

This text is part of a larger research project on the visual results, the concepts and the debates behind exhibition making in Dachau from 1945 until the latest redesign finished in 2003. Exhibition making in Dachau is a worthwhile and complex field of study because of continuous debate on how the history of the concentration camp should be visually represented on site. Here, the interplay of political and creative considerations can be seen as an indicator of how the remembrance of Nazi crimes is dealt with in Germany. My focus in this article is about the exhibition that was set up during the creation of the Dachau memorial site in 1965. It was shown until 2002 and had, by that time, been visited by more than twenty-five million people. The year 1965 constitutes a clear break in the design history of the Dachau exhibitions because it was the first time that the exhibition was not created by survivors but commissioned from a professional designer. I will examine the occasion that gave rise to this commission and the exhibition that resulted before exploring historical prototypes for its concept and its reception, using literary texts as well as contemporary press material. I will comment on the relationship between the 1965 exhibition and its successor(s). Following a period of reconfiguration of all the main Nazi-crime memorial sites in Germany, today a discussion on its future design has already begun.

EVALUATION OF SCENARIOS FOR URBAN COMPACTIZATION BY QUANTITY OF CO2 EMISSION

We establish the standard emissions of CO2 from the work of construction, demolition/scraping and renewal /maintenance and get these following results.1. We establish the standard emissions of CO2 per area from the work of construction, demolition/scraping and renewal/maintenance of the urban facilities as well as buildings by calculating 5 years construction work in Nagaoka city to facilitate comparison of scenarios for the urban restructuring.2. We create 3 scenarios for compactization for the urban image of Nagaoka in the year of 2050. They are Market Scenario, Monocentric Scenario and Polycentric Scenario.3. By evaluating long-term CO2 emissions which includes both the reconfiguration period and the following operation period, we conclude the polycentric Scenario is the most desirable toward compact city among three sceinarois.

Dynamically Adapting Registration Areas to User Mobility and Call Patterns for Efficient Location Management in PCS Networks

In this paper, we propose an extension to the personal communication services (PCS) location management protocol which uses dynamically overlapped registration areas. The scheme is based on monitoring the aggregate mobility and call pattern of the users during each reconfiguration period and adapting to the mobility and call patterns by either expanding or shrinking registration areas at the end of each reconfiguration period. We analytically characterize the trade-off resulting from the inclusion or exclusion of a cell in a registration area in terms of expected change in aggregate database access cost and signaling overhead. This characterization is used to guide the registration area adaption in a manner in which the signaling and database access load on any given location register (LR) does not exceed a specified limit. Our simulation results show that it is useful to dynamically adapt the registration areas to the aggregate mobility and call patterns of the mobile units when the mobility pattern exhibits locality. For such mobility and call patterns, the proposed scheme can greatly reduce the average signaling and database access load on LRs. Further, the cost of adapting the registration areas is shown to be low in terms of memory and communication requirements.

GRACEFUL PERFORMANCE DEGRADATION IN ACTIVE FAULT-TOLERANT CONTROL SYSTEMS

In this paper, a new design approach is proposed for active Fault-Tolerant Control Systems (FTCS), which allows one to explicitly incorporate possible graceful performance degradation into the design process. The method is based on explicit model-following and reference input adjustment techniques. The performance degradation is represented through a reference model. Only actuator faults are considered herein. When a fault is detected by the Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) algorithm, the reconfigurable controller will be designed automatically so that the dynamics of the closed-loop system match that of the reference model. The system command input is also adjusted on-line to prevent the actuators from saturating during the initial period of controller reconfiguration. An eigenstructure assignment technique has been used for designing feedback part of the reconfigurable controller. The proposed method has been evaluated using lateral dynamics of an F-8 aircraft subject to actuator failures and constraints on the actuator dynamic ranges. Satisfactory results have been obtained.

Mass transfer from nonaqueous phase organic liquids in water‐saturated porous media

Results of dissolution experiments with trapped nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) are modeled by a mass transfer analysis. The model represents the NAPL as isolated spheres that shrink with dissolution and uses a mass transfer coefficient correlation reported in the literature for dissolving spherical solids. The model accounts for the reduced permeability of a region of residual NAPL relative to the permeability of the surrounding clean media that causes the flowing water to partially bypass the residual NAPL. The dissolution experiments with toluene alone and a benzene-toluene mixture were conducted in a water-saturated column of homogeneous glass beads over a range of Darcy velocities from 0.5 to 10 m d(-1). The model could represent the observed effluent concentrations as the NAPL underwent complete dissolution. The changing pressure drop across the column was predicted following an initial period of NAPL reconfiguration. The fitted NAPL sphere diameters of 0.15 to 0.40 cm are consistent with the size of NAPL ganglia observed by others and are the smallest at the largest flow velocity.

A Crisis Framework Applied to Macrosociological Family Changes: Marriage, Divorce, and Occupational Trends Associated with World War II

A conceptualframework for analyzing role change (dedifferentiation) as a system response to crisis is presented. A typology of crises is developed to be used on conjunction with critical aspects of the social system at the time of crisis to predict both crisis period and postcrisis (reconfiguration) period role changes. The crisis framework is then applied to macro-changes in family structure in response to an archetypal crisis. World War IL Structural changes in the family are indicated by macrostructural data (i.e., marriage and divorce rates, as well as occupational role shifts for women). Although census data are not sufficiently detailed to permit more elaborate analysis, they generally indicate support for the hypotheses derived from the crisis/dedifferentiation perspective.