Recommended Cultivation Practices Research Articles

Adoption Level of Farmers Regarding Cultivation Practices of Areca Nut in Chikmagalur District, Karnataka, India

The study examined the adoption of cultivation practices of areca nut in Chikmagalur district of Karnataka state during the year 2018-19. Chikmagalur is one of the largest and traditional areca nut-producing districts of Karnataka. Two taluks were selected in chikmagalur district based on the highest area under cultivation and the total sample size was 100. Seventeen items were considered to form a table to know the adoption of individual recommended practices by farmers concerning areca nut cultivation. Further to classify the overall adoption of areca nut growers recommended cultivation practices were grouped in to three major categories low, medium and high. The findings of the study revealed that, regarding the overall adoption of farmers about the cultivation of areca nut, less than half (43.00%) of the respondents were found in the medium adoption category, followed by 31.00 per-cent of respondents were found in high adoption category and more than one fourth (26.00%) of respondents were found in low adoption category regarding the adoption of individual recommended cultivation practices by areca nut growers.

Extent of Adoption Regarding Recommended Cultivation Practices of Landraces by the Beneficiaries of Global Environment Facilities

The present study examined the adoption levels among 113 kharif crop growers in Osian tehsil (Jodhpur) and Chohtan tehsil (Barmer) of Rajasthan. Results indicated that 64 respondents (56.64%) exhibited medium adoption, 36 of them (31.86%) showed high adoption, and 13 respondents (11.50%) had low adoption levels of recommended practices. Practice-wise analysis revealed the highest adoption in “Sowing of seed” (87.33 MPS), followed by “Spacing” (85.00 MPS), “Harvesting” (81.67 MPS), and “Storage” (80.00 MPS). Lower adoption rates were observed in “Fertilizer application” (61.33 MPS), “Seed treatment” (67.67 MPS), and “Plant protection measures” (78.67 MPS). Multiple regression analysis of independent variables with adoption showed that family type, income level and social participation had positive relationship with adoption whereas age, caste, occupation, level of education and land holding had negative association with adoption. These findings underscore the varied adoption levels across different practices, highlighting areas for targeted intervention to enhance overall compliance with recommended cultivation techniques.

Constraints and Improvements Suggestions Proposed in Adopting Recommended Cultivation Practices by Mandarin Growers

The present study was conducted in Amravati district of Maharashtra. It was purposively carried out in two talukas i.e. Achalpur and Anjangaon Surji on the basis of maximum area under mandarin. From Achalpur and Anjangaon Surji talukas, 12 villages were selected purposively having area under mandarin. Again from each selected village, 10 mandarin growers were selected purposively having bearing orchard for the present study constituting a sample size of 120 respondents. An exploratory method of research design was used. The objective of the study was to to identify the constraints faced by mandarin growers and obtain suggestions. Findings revealed that majority of respondents (93.33%) faced the problem of unavailability of proper information about chemicals to control pests and diseases followed by the those (91.66%) who are facing the problem of fruit drop in recent years along with some other constraints. While in case of suggestions, guidance by concerned department to farmers at different levels by organizing field visits gained highest frequency followed by availability of inputs at affordable price and arrangement of training programes for the areas found with higher training need respectively.

Review on Improvement of Banana Quality and Yield

The review paper, "Improvement of Banana Quality and Yield," delves into strategies and practices essential for enhancing banana crop productivity and quality. Beyond securing food sources, the focus extends to sustaining farmer livelihoods and meeting global market demands. The paper covers recommended cultivation practices, disease and pest management, and underscores the importance of continuous learning and adaptation for enduring success in banana farming. By implementing these measures, banana growers can significantly elevate the quality and yield of their crops. The paper emphasizes the broader impact of these improvements, contributing not only to the prosperity of farmers but also ensuring the availability of high-quality bananas for consumers globally. Ultimately, the comprehensive approach outlined in the paper seeks to foster a sustainable and thriving banana industry, addressing the needs of both producers and consumers.

Biofortified Pearl Millet Varieties for Sustainable Agriculture among farming community in Theni District, Tamil Nadu

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum-Bajra) is a unique and important nutri cereal for food and nutritional security and drought-tolerant coarse-grain cereal. Pearl Millet offers a plethora of health benefits and is also good for the environment with low water and input requirements for production. The present study was framed to assess the suitable biofortied Pearl millet variety under rainfed situation in Theni District and its nutritional security, and farmer revenue. The primary objective of the trial was to evaluate newly released different biofortified varieties, technologies, management practices and post-harvest management at farmers’ fields under real farming situations under different agroclimatic regions. The On-farm trial was conducted during Kharif season, to study the performance of different short-duration and high-yielding Biofortified pearl millet varieties for sustainable Agriculture in rainfed regions of Theni District. Randomized Block Design (RBD) was used to arrange the experimental plot in five replications with Dhanasakthi, ABV 04 and CO10 biofortified pearl millet varieties. The recommended cultivation practices were followed during the trail period. As part of the study, training cum method demonstration was conducted on different storage techniques. Need based skill trainings cum method demonstrations were conducted to 60 farmers. Experiments results relvealed that Dhanasakthi variety matured on 81 days followed by ABV 04 (83.66 days). The Pearl millet variety CO10 matured on 91.16 days. The greater number of productive tillers (6.36) was recorded in CO10 variety followed by 5.7 in ABV 04. The highest panicle length was recorded (40.90 cm) in CO10 followed by Dhanasakthi (29.33 cm). The highest yield was recorded in CO10 (33.64 q/ha) followed by ABV 04. Regarding the Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), CO10 recorded 4.31 followed by ABV 04 (2.79). The study conclude that CO10 Pearl millet variety is highly adopted by the farmers compared to two other varieties. Regarding storage technique, They prefer to store the grains by sand layer technology and pepper seed powder in IRRI Bag. The farmers gained knowledge on value chain management from 48-70 percentage. This knowledge and skills on value chain management of biofortified pearl millet varieties would help them to get an idea to start entrepreneur units in their villages for sustainable income generation.

KNOWLEDGE AND ADOPTION OF RECOMMENDED CULTIVATION PRACTICES OF PIGEON PEA GROWERS

The present investigation was an attempt to study knowledge and adoption of recommended cultivation practices of pigeon pea by farmers of Bharuch district. Bharuch district was selected purposively, total two talukas viz., Bharuch and Vagra were selected. Six villages were selected from the above selected talukas and ten respondents were selected randomly from each selected village. Thus, the total sample was comprised of 120 respondents. It was observed that 70.83 per cent of the respondents had medium level of knowledge about recommended cultivation practices of pigeon pea and 56.67 per cent respondents were found having medium extent of adoption of recommended cultivation practices of pigeon pea.

Adoption of Recommended Production Technologies of Soybean by Farmers of Dharwad District of Karnataka, India

The study was conducted in Dharwad, Hubli and Kalaghatagi taluks of Dharwad district of Karnataka state during 2020-21 with a sample size of 150 soybean farmers. The “Ex-post facto” research design was employed for the study. The data was elicited through personal interview method. There was about 8 per cent of land cultivated with DSb-21 during 2017-18 in Dharwad district, gradually it has reduced to 2 per cent during 2020-2021. About 64.00 per cent had medium level of adoption about recommended cultivation practices of soybean, whereas, only 9.33 and 26.66 per cent of the soybean farmers belonged to high and low level of adoption category, respectively. The results revealed that the farmers had complete knowledge and adoption of recommended variety (Dsb-21), while 86.67 per cent of the farmers adopted recommended sowing time in the kharif season. Further, 85.33 per cent of the farmers adopted spacing as recommended and 80.67 per cent of them have adopted recommended seed rate of 25kg/acre. The study concluded that 39.33 per cent of the farmers follow seed treatment and only 27.33 per cent of them adopted seed inoculation with rhizobium culture. Further 80.66 per cent of the farmers adopted application of FYM as recommended but only 37.33 per cent of the farmers have adopted chemical fertilizer application as recommended. With respect to weedicide application 41.33 per cent of the farmers adopted and cent per cent of the farmers had adopted intercultural operation (hoeing). About 48.00 per cent of the farmers adopted pest and disease management as recommended.

Extent of adoption of recommended cultivation practices of rice (Oryza sativa) in the state of Nagaland

Extent of adoption of recommended cultivation practices of rice (Oryza sativa) in the state of Nagaland

Constraints Faced By Grape Growers Of Maharashtra In Adoption Of Recommended Cultivation Practices.

Constraints Faced By Grape Growers Of Maharashtra In Adoption Of Recommended Cultivation Practices.

Adoption of recommended cultivation practices in Niger crop (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.) by tribal farmers in Agency area of Alluri Seetharama Raju district, Andhra Pradesh, India

Niger crop is being cultivated in agency areas of ASR district, Andhra Pradesh for millennia with 4000 ha area during the year 2020-2021. The package of practices for cultivation of Niger crop is validated and proven the best as per ANGRAU recommendations. The present study reveals the information on major adopted recommended cultivation practices of Niger crops besides constraints faced by the tribal farmers. A set of 15 recommended practices were prepared as a schedule for personal interview to 60 randomly selected tribal farmers in agency areas and their responses were recorded. The results inferred that among all the schedules, majority farmers had adopted the recommended practices like sowing in time, harvesting within time, application of FYM and drying the harvested produce before bagging with 96.67, 96.67, 95.00 and 93.33 per cent responses. The major constraints include cuscuta weed management, non availability of Niger seed/improved varieties of Niger crop and difficulty in sowing due to dreadful weather conditions like continuous rains. Development of contingency crop plans or suggestive alternate crops are needed during the weather disasters. Through training programmes, method and result demonstrations information on weed, pest and disease management in Niger crop are to be disseminated to the tribal farmers. Village level seed multiplication/production technologies are to be popularised among tribal farmers to encompass the sufficient seed material with vigour and viability to sustain the Niger crop cultivation in agency areas of ASR district, Andhra Pradesh.

Extent of Adoption of Recommended Practices of Cotton Cultivation by the Cotton Farmer

Aims: To know the adoption level of recommended cultivation practices of cotton crop.
 Study Design: The research design used for this study was an Ex-post Facto.
 Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh and duration 2020-2022.
 Methodology: The study was conducted in Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh a total of 200 farmers selected by following the proportionate random sampling technique. An interview schedule was prepared for collection data relating to the adoption of recommended practices by the respondents.
 Results: The study, concludes that, with respect to the adoption, majority of the farmers (69.00%) had a medium level of adoption of recommended improved practices of cotton cultivation while, an equal number (15.50%) of the respondents had low and high level of adoption of the same practices. Among the socio-economic and personal, communication and psychological characteristics of the respondents, age, education, family size, family type, land holding, annual income, farm mechanization, extension participation, information seeking behaviour, cosmopoliteness, economic motivation, scientific orientation and risk orientation indicated significant association with the extent of adoption of the recommended practices of cotton.
 Conclusion: The study concluded that majority of the cotton growers were low adopted recommended cotton practices.

Adoption of Recommended Cultivation Practices Regarding Pineapple Cultivation in Sepahijala District of Tripura

The study was conducted in Sepahijala District of Tripura to measure the Adoption of recommended cultivation practices regarding Pineapple cultivation. A total number of 120 respondents were selected randomly from five villages under Mohanbhog block which were selected purposively because productivity, production and area under Pineapple cultivation were found to be maximum. The data were collected by personnel interview method by using pre structured interview schedule and later appropriate statistical analysis was done to find out the meaningful results. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the respondents 60.00 per cent belonged to the middle- aged, 23.34 per cent had medium level of education and majority of the respondents annual income was between Rs 80,000 – Rs2lakh. The findings also revealed that 51.67 % had medium level of knowledge followed by 32.50% and 15.83% of the respondents with low and high levels of knowledge regarding improved Pineapple production practices. It was found that the independent variables i.e. Age, Caste, Education, Size of family, Land holding, Annual income, Farming experience, Extension agent contact, Social participation, Mass media exposure, source of information and Risk orientation & Economic motivation were positively and significantly correlated with knowledge of Pineapple growers towards Pineapple production practices at 0.01% of probability. Therefore, the null hypothesis was accepted for these variable, where as variable Occupation & Decision making ability availed was negatively and significantly correlated with the knowledge of Pineapple growers towards Pineapple production practices at 0.01% of probability respectively.

Extent of Adoption of Recommended Practices of Maize (Zea mays) Cultivation in the State of Nagaland

Agriculture is considered as the backbone of Nagaland’s economy where about one-third of the population depends on agriculture. Major variants of cereals produced in Nagaland are rice, maize and millet. The two most common methods of cultivation in the state are jhum and terrace cultivation which makes about 86 per cent of the total cultivable area. With the increasing trend in population, there arises a need to stress more on improving the production and productivity of agriculture so as to overpass the gap between the demand and supply of food grains. A study was carried out in six districts of Nagaland with a sample size of 300 maize farmers to measure the extent of adoption in regard to recommended cultivation practices of maize. The respondents were interviewed personally with the help of structured schedule. The data obtained were coded, tabulated and analysed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and co-efficient of variance. Findings revealed that 69 per cent of the respondents had moderate level of adoption, followed by 19.33 per cent having high adoption level and 11.67 per cent having low adoption level for recommended cultivation practices of maize.

Constraints Faced by the Farmers in Adoption of Recommended Practices of Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivation in Nagaland State

Agriculture serves as a backbone for Nagaland’s economy where more than one-third of the population depends on agriculture for their livelihood. About 85 per cent of the cultivable land is occupied by cereals where rice, maize and millet are the major variants produced in the state. There are two methods of cultivation mostly practiced in the state i.e., jhum (shifting cultivation) and terrace which makes about 86 per cent of the total cultivable area. With the soar in population and the growing demands for food, there is a need to improve the farming systems so as to increase the production and productivity of agriculture to meet the growing demands, which can only be achieved by adopting improved and radical farming practices by the farmers. With a sample size of 300 rice farmers, a study was conducted in six districts of Nagaland to identify the constraints faced by the farmers while adopting recommended cultivation practices of rice (irrigated and upland). An open-ended questionnaire was administered to the respondents where ranking was done for each of the constraints based on the frequency and percentage. Findings revealed that the major constraints faced by the farmers while adopting recommended cultivation practices of irrigated rice were non-availability of quality seeds, lack of proper financial assistance/subsidies and non-availability of timely farm inputs and machineries whereas major constraints for upland rice were non-availability of quality seeds, lack of proper financial assistance/subsidies and lack of marketing facilities and channels.

TECHNOLOGICAL GAP IN RECOMMENDED CULTIVATION PRACTICES OF CABBAGE GROWERS AT KUHUBOTO BLOCK IN DIMAPUR DISTRICT OF NAGALAND

This study has been conducted to find out the technological gap in recommended cultivation practices of the cabbage growers in order to understand the extent of the difference between the traditional and non- traditional practices practiced by the local farmers in the district. The aforementioned study was conducted at Kuhuboto block in Dimapur district of Nagaland in the year 2021. A descriptive research designed was applied for this study. The primary data was collected from 120 respondents by personal interview method using pre-structure interview schedule. After the analysis of the data, it was observed that, maximum number of the respondents (55.83%) were having medium level of overall utilization of information sources and majority of the cabbage growers (62.50%) belonged to medium level of over-all technological gap category. It indicates that a sum number of the population had incorporated the new technologies while others have still yet to adopt and use the new recommended cabbage cultivation. The socio- economic variables associated with the respondents, such as education and training exposure were positively significant with the extent of adoption of improved package of practices of cabbage cultivation. The above results compel the research and extension system to work on the gaps in a pragmatic way.

Adoption of recommended cultivation practices by banana growers

The present study on “Adoption of recommended cultivation practices by banana growers” was undertaken in Akola district of Vidarbha region of Maharashtra state during the year 2020-2021. The 120 banana growers were selected purposively from Akot and Telhara taluka of Akola district having maximum area under banana cultivation. The data was collected with the help of well structured interview schedule. The findings of the study revealed that, majority (54.17%) of the respondents were belonged to middle age group, maximum number (35.00%) of respondents were educated upto junior college level, majority (40.84%) of respondents had medium size land holding, majority (73.33%) of respondents had medium size of banana orchard, three fourth (75.00%) of respondents had agriculture as their main occupation, majority (65.83%) had medium annual income, all respondents (100.00.%) had tube well or well as their source of irrigation, 68.33 per cent of respondents had medium experience in banana cultivation, majority (59.17%) of respondents had medium scientific orientation, majority (56.67%) of respondents had medium level extension contact, majority (62.50%) of respondents were found in medium level knowledge about recommended cultivation practices. Majority (55.00%) of respondents had medium level adoption, followed by 25.83 per cent had low and 19.17 per cent had high level of adoption about recommended cultivation practices. The findings regarding the correlation analysis the independent variables viz., education, land holding, size of banana orchard, annual income, scientific orientation, extension contact and knowledge about recommended cultivation practices had positive and highly significant relationship with the adoption of recommended cultivation practices, whereas age and experience in banana cultivation was negatively significant with adoption about recommended cultivation practices and the variables occupation and sources of irrigation had non-significant relationship with adoption level of recommended cultivation practices. Majority of respondents had expressed constraint of nonremunerative prices during the time of glut in the market and majority of respondents had given suggestions that transportation charges should be reasonable.

Constraints Faced by the Farmers in Adoption of Recommended Cultivation Practices of Maize (Zea mays) in the State of Nagaland

Nagaland is an agrarian state and agriculture being the backbone of the state's economy, a vast majority of the population depends on agriculture as a source of livelihood. Two of the most widely practiced methods of cultivation in the state are jhum (shifting cultivation) and terrace cultivation, which contributes to about 86 per cent of the total cultivable land. Few of the major variants of cereals produced in the state are rice, maize and millet. Due to ever increasing population growth and rise in demand of food grains, it has become mandatory to bridge this gap of demand and supply, which can only be fulfilled by putting into practice advanced and improved cultivation methods as well as use of modern technologies, quality inputs and high yielding varieties by the farming community. In order to find out the constraints faced by the farmers while adopting recommended cultivation practices of maize, a study was carried out in six districts of Nagaland taking a sample size of 300 maize farmers. An open-ended questionnaire was used to collect the farmer's constraints through personal interview technique and ranking was done based on the frequency and percentage. Findings of the study revealed that the major constraints faced by the farmers while adopting recommended cultivation practices of maize were non-availability of quality seeds which was followed by high pest and disease incidence, lack of proper financial assistance and subsidies, low market value for crops and lack of result-oriented trainings and demonstrations.

Knowledge and Adoption of Mentha Growers Regarding Recommended Cultivation Practices of Mentha Crop in Siddhaur Block of Barabanki District Uttar Pradesh

This study was conducted in Siddhaur block of Barabanki district of Uttar Pradesh in 2020-2021. With the help of random sampling method, 120 Mentha growers were selected and data were collected by personal interview method by using pre-tested interview schedule and later appropriate statistical analysis was done to find out the meaningful result. The finding of the study revealed that the overall level of knowledge of mentha growers regarding the recommended practices indicated they have medium knowledge level. The Adoption level of mentha growers on recommended cultivation practices of mentha also indicated as medium level of adoption (66.70%), followed by low level of adoption (21.70%) and high level of adoption (11.60%).

Technological Gap in Pineapple Cultivation in Dimapur District of Nagaland

The study was conducted to examine the technological gap in recommended cultivation practices of pineapple in Dimapur district of Nagaland. A total of 120 respondents were personally interviewed by the researcher using a pre-tested interview schedule. The result of technological gap revealed that the highest (100%) technological gap was found in recommended practices like planting time, treatment of planting materials, manure and fertilizers, intercultural operations, growth regulators and Insect Disease Management. And the lowest was found in recommended varieties with 0% technology gap.

Knowledge Level on Recommended Cultivation Practices for Tomato among the Tomato Growers in Madurai District

Tomato is one of the most important vegetable crops and it plays significant role in daily diet - and hence, it is considered as a vital commercial and dietary vegetable. During 2017-2018, the area under tomato cultivation in Tamil Nadu was 29.08 ha. Even though the production is high, the farmers are struggling to meet out the demand of the growing population. The study on the knowledge level of the farmers on recommended cultivation practices is beneficial to assess the technology reach about the recommended cultivation practices of tomato. The study was conducted in the Chellampatti block of Madurai district. Ninety respondents were selected by employing proportionate random sampling technique. The Statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation and percentage analysis were used. Majority of the respondents (56.67%) had medium level of knowledge on recommended practices of tomato cultivation followed by high (22.22%) and low (21.11%) knowledge. Majority of the tomato growers (54.44%) had medium level of adoption of tomato cultivation practices followed by low (30.00%) and high (15.56%) level of adoption. Cent percentage of the respondents were possessed with the correct knowledge on practices like season of sowing, farmyard Manure, planting material, transplanting, spacing, manual weeding and symptom of harvest. They had insufficient knowledge on practices like seed treatment with bio-fertilizer (22.22%), damping-off (33.33%), tomato spotted wilt (41.11%) and weedicide application (44.44%)