Daily Physical Activity Recommendations Research Articles

Profiles and Vignettes of Adolescent Physical Activity to Promote Workable Participation Solutions

This study examined how to achieve the recommended daily time, effort, and variety challenges for adolescents from the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (Department of Health and Human Services, 2018). Adolescents (n = 126) from an urban high school in a mid-western state of the United States participated in the study. In the quantitative phase of an explanatory sequential mixed methods research design, two composite measures of weight status-fitness and effort-involvement physical activity were developed and cross-tabulated to create nine lifestyle physical activity participation profiles. In the qualitative phase, qualitizing of survey data for each profile initiated comparative narratives that were qualitized into composite vignettes. The purpose of the vignettes was to highlight the types of challenges adolescents face as they meet or miss the daily physical activity recommendations. The vignettes provided alternative perspectives and approaches for workable and meaningful physical activity interventions. The discussion considered the effectiveness of the composite variables and potential workable solutions in universal physical education, inclusive of physical activity, and for agencies that advocate for the benefits of daily physical activity of those represented in the profiles and by the vignettes.

Use of Wearable Devices to Study Physical Activity in Early Childhood Education

Physical activity recommendations for early childhood are gradually being met to a lesser extent today. The objectives of the study were: (i) to assess the degree of compliance with physical activity (PA) recommendations by gender; and (ii) to analyze the level of PA and steps in different periods over a week. This study was an observational cross-sectional study. Sixty-three young children (33 boys and 30 girls) aged two years (2.15 ± 0.35) were recruited for this study. Participants wore a “Garmin vivofit® jr.” activity tracker for seven days, collecting minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and step volume (Out-of-School Time and School Time). The results show a 50% compliance of the 120 min/day MVPA and 13,000 steps per day. No gender differences were detected. The findings in the analysis indicated a trend towards higher PA and steps at the Weekend. Moreover, participants reached higher PA and steps values “Out-of-School Time” than “School Time” (MVPA) (min/day). This study can provide strategies and motivational PA guidelines at school to enhance well-being at an early age. These activity trackers could stimulate more sustainable forms of urban mobility, such as walking, as the environment would accompany the child to meet daily PA recommendations.

Intensity of Children's Soccer Training and its Relationship with Daily Physical Activity Recommendations

Intensity of Children's Soccer Training and its Relationship with Daily Physical Activity Recommendations

Higher Physical Activity of School Personnel Is Related to More Positive Attitudes towards Children’s Physical Activity at School

School personnel can struggle with meeting the daily physical activity recommendation; however, they are role models for students, and their attitudes towards physical activity can impact students’ physical activity habits. The aim was to assess school personnel’s physical activity and their attitudes regarding the importance of physical activity among students. The physical activity levels of 1030 school employees in Estonia were assessed using an accelerometer. Participants also responded to a questionnaire about physical activity habits, overall health, and attitudes about the importance of physical activity among students. About 92.6% of the participants met the World Health Organisation’s weekly physical activity recommendation. However, 69.1% of the accelerometer wearing time was spent being sedentary. Only 5.8% of the wearing time was spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity. More active school personnel believed their lead affects students’ attitudes towards physical activity (r = 0.072–0.156, p < 0.05) and being active at recess facilitates a peaceful learning environment in the classroom (r = 0.064–0.072, p < 0.05). Whereas more sedentary school personnel did not encourage students to be active at recess (r = −0.073, p < 0.05). More active school personnel had more positive attitudes towards physical activity, which demonstrates the importance of focusing on encouraging physical activity among school personnel as they can affect the behaviour of students.

Hypertension among South African children in disadvantaged areas and associations with physical activity, fitness, and cardiovascular risk markers: A cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Childhood hypertension drives hypertension in later life; hence, assessing blood pressure in children is an important measure to determine current and future cardiovascular health. There is, however, a paucity of childhood blood pressure data, particularly for sub-Saharan Africa. This study explores blood pressure and associations with age, sex, socioeconomic status, physical activity, fitness, and cardiovascular risk markers. In the ‘Disease, Activity and Schoolchildren’s Health’ (DASH) study, a cross-sectional analysis was conducted in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Assessments included blood pressure, accelerometer-measured physical activity, physical fitness, and cardiovascular risk markers. The study consisted of 785 children (383 boys, 402 girls, M = 12.4±0.9 years). Overall, 18% of the children were classified as hypertensive, while 20% were either overweight/obese, and almost four out of ten children did not meet global daily physical activity recommendations. Hypertensive children were more likely to be overweight/obese, χ2 (2,785) = 14.42, p < 0.01, but only if they did not meet physical activity recommendations, χ2 (2,295) = 11.93, p < 0.01. Considering the moderating effect which sufficient activity has on the relationship between hypertension and body weight, more emphasis should be placed on early primary health intervention and education strategies.

Active Transportation to School. Utopia or a Strategy for a Healthy Life in Adolescence.

The way adolescents travel to school can be an important contribution to achieving their daily physical activity recommendations. The main objective of this research is to know which variables are associated with the mode of transportation used to and from school by Portuguese adolescents. The 2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children questionnaire was applied to 5695 adolescents with an average age of 15.5 (SD ± 1.8), 53.9% of whom were female. The associations were studied by applying χ2 tests and multivariate logistic regression models. In this study, 36.5% of the participants reported walking or cycling to school. Active transportation to school is associated with age (OR = 1.3; p < 0.05), sufficient physical activity (OR = 1.2; p < 0.05), adequate number of hours of sleep (OR = 1.2; p < 0.05), perception of happiness (OR = 1.2; p < 0.05) and living near the school (OR = 2.4; p < 0.05). The results revealed that adolescents’ choice to travel to/from school using an active mode of transportation increased with age, physical activity, hours of sleep, perception of happiness, and living near the school.

ARE PATIENTS WITH RESISTANT HYPERTENSION COMPLIANT WITH DAILY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY RECOMMENDATIONS?

Objective: Objective: To describe the physical activity (PA) levels and relation with blood pressure, and endothelial function and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with resistant hypertension. Design and method: Design and Method: Sixty-six patients (age: 59 ± 1.0 yrs; gender: 50.7% men; BMI: 29.8 ± 0.6 kg/m2; number of antihypertensive medications: 4.6 ± 0.1) were recruited. Outcome measures included clinical data, ambulatory blood pressure, daily physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, circulating levels of hs C-reactive protein (hs CRP), and the levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) quantified by flow cytometry. Sedentary time, and time spent at light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed by accelerometers over 7 days. Correlation analysis was conducted to assess the association between variables; independent t-test was used for testing differences in blood pressure, VO2peak, hs CRP, EPCs, HSCs and CECs, according to the compliance with physical activity recommendations (&lt; 150 versus &gt; = 150 minutes/week of MVPA). Results: Results: Patients spent an average of 475.1 ± 75.7, 341.0 ± 35.8 and 46.4 ± 8.1 min/day in sedentary, light and moderate to vigorous PA, respectively. More than half (52.5%) of the patients met the recommended 150 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week. However, there were no differences regarding 24 h systolic and diastolic ambulatory blood pressure (p = 0.876) and (p = 0.130), VO2peak (p = 0.654), hs CRP (p = 0.381) and number of antihypertensive medications (p = 0.490) between patients that met and did not meet the PA recommendations. Sedentary time correlated positively with CECs (0.245, p = 0.05). Conclusions: Conclusions: The compliance with daily physical activity recommendations does not seem to have a major influence in blood pressure, hs CRP, and cardiorespiratory fitness of patients with resistant hypertension. Sedentary time is associated with higher endothelial injury/damage in patients with resistant hypertension. This work is financed by FEDER Funds through the Operational Competitiveness Factors Program - COMPETE and by National Funds through FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology within the project PTDC/DTP-DES/1725/2014.

Objective Measurement of Physical Activity Attributed to a Park-Based Afterschool Program

Only 24% of US youth meet physical activity recommendations set by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Research demonstrates that community-based programs provide underresourced minority youth with opportunities for routine physical activity, although limited work draws from accelerometry data. This study objectively assessed youth physical activity attributable to participation (vs nonparticipation) days in a park-based afterschool program in Miami-Dade County, Miami, FL. Participants' (n = 66; 60% male; 57% white Hispanic, 25% non-Hispanic black, 14% Black Hispanic, mean age = 10.2y) physical activity was assessed April to May 2019 over 10 days across 7 park sites using Fitbit (Charge 2) devices. Separate repeated-measures multilevel models were developed to assess the relationship between program daily attendance and total (1)moderate to vigorous physical activity minutes and (2)step counts per day. Models adjusted for individual-level age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty, and clustering by park showed significantly higher moderate to vigorous physical activity minutes (β = 25.33 more minutes per day; 95% confidence interval, 7.0 to 43.7, P < .01) and step counts (β = 4067.8 more steps per day; 95% confidence interval, 3171.8 to 4963.8, P < .001) on days when youth did versus did not attend the program. Study findings suggest that park-based programs may support underserved youth in achieving daily physical activity recommendations.

Levels of health physical activity of primary school children: a systematic review of current research

Despite the numerous scientific studies of physical activity of people, this issue is still not losing its relevance. This is due to two main points of view. Firstly, through a series of physiological and biochemical reactions, any physical activity has a direct effect on the human body, both short-term and long-term. Secondly, modern global trends of socio-economic change, urbanization, scientific and technological progress, the development of information technology conduce to children’s and adults’ lifestyle changing, in particular, reduce their physical activity. Purpose of this article is to analyse findings arising from a systematic review of literature relating to current research evidence about recommended levels of health physical activity of primary school children. With a view to advancing academic knowledge in the field, the authors highlight those areas where further research is more needed. Methods. Structural-logical and bibliosemantic analytical methods were used. The databases searched were: electronic catalogs of Vernadsky library, PubMed, Google Scholar. The keywords searched were: «primary school children» «kids», «children», «physical activity», «physical inactivity», «exercise», «promotion physical activity», «changing physical activity», «planned behavior», «physical education», «neighborhood environment», «parental support», «health», «well-being», others. Results. Guidelines on physical activity for primary school children in the majority of countries recommend 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity daily. The review of Ukrainian literature sources reveals lack of schoolchildren’s motivation to consciously increase of their physical activity. The results of publications analysis show that primary school children do not follow the recommendations for daily physical activity both in Ukraine and abroad. Therefore, this issue makes dependent the requisite of further research to determine interrelationship between the levels of physical activity of primary school children and indicators of their physical and psychic health, body functioning abilities and the fitness levels. Сonclusions. Also, the research about forms and methods of organized sports is needed, it will be interesting and useful for children of this age group. The issue of creating national recommendations on the time duration and frequency of health-improving physical activity for primary school children remains uninvestigated.

Psycho-social correlates of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among older adults: a multivariate analysis

BackgroundStill, a considerable number of older adults hardly meet the daily physical activity recommendation. The current study examined how the elderly’s attitudinal and perceptional aspects were associated with their Leisure-Time Physical Activity (LTPA) participation in order to provide insight into the physical activity promotion.MethodsStudy used a total sample of 10,700 older adults aged 65+ drawn from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) 2014–2015 in USA. Multiple questionnaire items were employed to assess older adults’ attitudes and outlook across different life domains. LTPA participation was measured using two indicators—walking and sports/exercise. A technique of adjusted multivariate analysis was employed to examine the relationships between predictors and outcome variables.ResultsResults indicated that psychosocial indicators were significantly associated with older adults’ LTPA: self-perception of ageing, self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, spiritual engagement, perceived social tie and neighbourhood safety; while measures of perceived social relations and neighbourhood safety demonstrated different associations with walking and sports/exercise on its intensity.ConclusionsHealth professionals should be well-informed about psychosocial roles, either as facilitators or constraints, in older adults’ physical activity participation. Incorporation of psychosocial intervention into physical activity promotion can help older adults develop positive attitudes and inner strength linked to their health behaviour.

Ecological Model of Physical Activity Determinants for Children and Adolescents in Poland Compared to Global Research - Part 1

Aim of research. 1. Presenting the position taken by Poland in the international Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance (AHKGA) ranking of the potential physical activity determinants among children and adolescents aged 10-18. 2. Evaluating the implementation of the ecological model of physical activity according to international criteria. 3. Assessing the effectiveness of implementing the ecological model of physical activity in the world, taking the criteria of its functioning into account. Research methods. In obtaining materials and analysing them, the following methods were used in our research: non-reactive research (research and secondary analysis). In accordance with the methodology of social sciences, in non-reactive research, 2 techniques were used: desk research and content analysis). Research results. The physical activity/behaviour of Polish children can be considered average compared to their peers living in various parts of the world. This means that only a small percentage of children in Poland meet the WHO recommendations for daily physical activity (at a combined moderate and vigorous level) in order to counteract the negative effects of a sedentary lifestyle. The best performing area in this respect is school, where activities are focused on improving school infrastructure and physical education classes. There are no representative studies regarding the physical activity of children under the age of 9, and there is a complete lack of scientific analyses in the area of active play. The evidence for a change concerning the methodological paradigm in the approach to building a model of physical activity determinants is the already widespread use of the ecological model, proposed by Sallis et al. in 2002. Conclusions: The conclusions proposed the experts regarding the first Polish Charter of Physical Activity for Children and Youth indicate a need to disseminate activities supporting physical activity and to undertake constant monitoring of changes taking place in the areas of individual domains of the ecological model of physical activity determinants.

Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Less Likely to Meet Daily Physical Activity Recommendations

Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Less Likely to Meet Daily Physical Activity Recommendations

Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Less Likely to Meet Daily Physical Activity Recommendations

Background: Physical activity is a known beneficial, adjunctive therapy for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the most common neuropsychiatric disorder affecting 8-10% of children worldwide. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends daily physical activity of 60 minutes or more for children and adolescents 6-17 years of age. To date, studies examining the relationship between ADHD and physical exercise have focused on exercise as a complementary treatment modality in small-scale trials; information regarding national status of physical activity among children …

The Role of School in Helping Children and Adolescents Reach the Physical Activity Recommendations: The UP&DOWN Study.

The aims were to: (1) examine the levels of physical activity (PA) during different time periods (ie, daily PA, school hour PA, recess PA, physical education classes [PEC] PA) in children and adolescents; and (2) identify the rate of compliance with the specific PA recommendations for these time periods. The participants were 1925 (940 girls) children and adolescents from 40 Spanish schools. Hip-worn accelerometers were used to assess PA during different time periods. Boys and children were more physically active and had a greater percentage meeting the daily PA recommendation and the school-based PA recommendation than girls and adolescents, respectively. Compliance with daily PA recommendation was markedly higher than that with the school-based PA recommendation, regardless of sex and age groups (ie, 80.4% vs 24.1% for daily and school-based PA recommendations, respectively, in child boys). A very low percentage (ie, 9.7% and 1.2% of child boys with almost 50% of moderate-to-vigorous PA during recess and PEC, respectively) of students reached the recommended PA levels for recess and PEC. Physical activity levels during school hours, recess, and PEC in children and adolescents are very low. Promoting PA in school settings is essential, especially in girls and adolescents.

Association between UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3 gene polymorphisms with markers of adiposity in European adolescents: The HELENA study.

To examine the association between UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3 gene polymorphisms with adiposity markers in European adolescents and to test if there were gene interactions with objectively measured physical activity and adiposity. A cross-sectional study that involves 1.057 European adolescents (12-18years old) from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence Cross-Sectional Study. A total of 18 polymorphisms in UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3 genes were genotyped. We measured weight, height, waist, and hip circumferences and triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness. Physical activity was objectively measured by accelerometry during 7days. The C allele of the UCP1 rs6536991 polymorphism was associated with a lower risk of overweight (odds ratio [OR]: T/C+C/C vs T/T)=0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.53-0.98; P=0.034; false discovery rate [FDR]=0.048). There was a significant interaction between UCP1 rs2071415 polymorphism and physical activity with waist-to-hip ratio (P=0.006; FDR=0.026). Adolescents who did not meet the physical activity recommendations (less than 60min/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity) and carrying the C/C genotype had higher waist-to-hip ratio (+ 0.067; 95% CI, 0.028-0.106; P=0.003), while no differences across genotypes were observed in adolescents meeting the recommendations. Two UCP1 polymorphisms were associated with adiposity in European adolescents. Meeting the daily physical activity recommendations may overcome the effect of the UCP1 rs2071415 polymorphism on obesity-related traits.

Physical activity levels of allied health professionals working in a large Australian metropolitan health district - an observational study.

PurposeThe aim of this observational cross-sectional study was to determine if allied health professionals working in a large metropolitan health district were meeting the minimal physical activity (PA) recommendations and the proportion that occupational PA contributed to the recommended PA levels. A secondary aim was to determine possible relationships between self-report questionnaire measures of PA and PA measured by accelerometry.Materials and methodsAllied health professionals, working in the Sydney Local Health District (SLHD) in 2016–2017, completed the Active Australia Survey (AAS), Occupational Sitting and Physical Activity Questionnaire (OSPAQ), International Physical Activity Questionnaire Long form (IPAQ-L), and wore the ActiGraph GT1M accelerometer for 7 days consecutively.ResultsBased on accelerometry results, allied health professionals (N=126) spent a mean (SD) of 51 (23) minutes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)/day, representing 171% of the total recommended MVPA/day, with work contributing 76% to this recommendation. Participants walked a mean of 10,077 (2,766) steps/day, meeting 100% of the recommended 10,000 steps/day, with work contributing 54% to this recommendation. Sedentary behaviors were predominant throughout the entire day and work day. Compared with the ActiGraph MVPA time measurements, AAS MVPA time showed a fair level of agreement [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)=0.44, P<0.01], while OSPAQ and IPAQ-L MVPA time showed no agreement (ICC=0.05, P=0.27; ICC=0.13, P=0.10, respectively).ConclusionAllied health professionals working in a large metropolitan health district met the daily PA recommendations based on accelerometry measures but tended to overreport their MVPA on self-report questionnaires.

Employee Physical Activity in an Outpatient Oncology Clinic: A Baseline Pilot Study.

Purpose: Studies examining the physical activity of employees within an outpatient oncology setting are absent. The goal of this pilot study was to collect baseline data on the daily activity of employees in varying job descriptions at a satellite outpatient oncology clinic of a large academic medical center.Methods: A total of 40 employees (out of a total of 55) were accrued on this clinical trial. Each employee was given a pedometer to wear at work for a total of 20 business days, with instructions not to alter their baseline activities. Employees recorded their daily workplace pedometer activity on a personalized chart. Baseline vital signs, as well as their general job title, were recorded.Results: Of the 40, 36 employees (90%) completed the study. The average steps per workday for all employees were 4455 +/- 2051, which is significantly less than the recommended 10,000 steps per day (p <0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in activity between various job descriptions, with radiation therapists having the highest daily mean steps (8853 +/- 930) and front desk staff having the lowest mean steps (3147 +/- 1010), p<0.001).Conclusion: Employees at a satellite outpatient oncology clinic of a large academic center, on average, do not meet the surgeon general’s recommendations for daily physical activity at the workplace, with only radiation therapists approaching the recommended steps.

Habitual recreational physical activity is associated with significantly improved survival in cancer patients: evidence from the Roswell Park Data Bank and BioRepository.

The association of recreational physical activity (RPA) with mortality is well established only for breast and colon cancers and few studies have evaluated relationships for exercising before and after diagnosis, across multiple disease sites. We examined the joint associations of pre- and post- diagnosis RPA with mortality in a cohort of 5,807 patients enrolled in the Data Bank and BioRepository at Roswell Park. Patients were classified into one of four activity categories (habitually active, increased activity after diagnosis, decreased activity after diagnosis, habitually inactive). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the associations of activity status with mortality. In comparison to patients who were habitually inactive, habitually active patients experienced a 39% decreased hazard of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.54-0.69) and a 36% decreased hazard of cancer-specific mortality (HR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.56-0.73). Previously inactive patients who began exercising after diagnosis experienced a 28% decreased hazard of all-cause (HR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.59-0.89) and cancer-specific mortality (HR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.57-0.91) in comparison to patients who remained inactive. Patients engaging in 3-4 sessions/week experienced the greatest survival advantages, but 1-2sessions/week also yielded significant survival advantages in comparison to inactivity. Low-to-moderate frequency pre- and post-diagnosis RPA was associated with significantly decreased mortality in patients diagnosed with a variety of malignancies. These observations solidify the clinical and public health importance of the message that some regular activity is better than inactivity, which is particularly encouraging, given that cancer survivors can be overwhelmed by current daily physical activity recommendations.

Children’s perceptions of factors related to physical activity in schools

ABSTRACTBackground: Increasing numbers of children are facing health problems as a result of physical inactivity. Besides the home, school is a natural place to promote children’s daily physical activity (PA). Knowledge about factors promoting or preventing children’s PA at school, from the perspective of children, is limited.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to learn the factors that eight- and nine-year-old schoolchildren identify from their school environment related to physical activity during their school day. This study was established as a sub-project within a larger, sixteen-country collaboration project by HEPCOM (Promoting Healthy Eating and Physical Activity in Local Communities) and reports on a piloting phase.Sample: Finnish second-graders (age 8–9 years, n = 22) from one primary school participated in the study.Method: A photo-elicitation methodology was used, including photographs taken by children and interviews in groups based on the photographs. The data were analysed qualitatively by inductive content analysis.Results: The children described factors appearing in the physical environment, such as the playground, and those in the nonmaterial, abstract environment, such as the weather. According to the findings, three categories emerged: (1) personal and economic, related to children’s individual preferences and opportunities; (2) sociocultural, related to friends and belonging in a group; and (3) environmental, related to physical and political outdoor and indoor solutions at the school, as well as to policies and rules in the school community. Children emphasised the importance of friends and games, but play areas were also experienced as significant. Based on children’s experiences, rules and laws direct all activities at school, which was not always perceived as a positive thing.Conclusions: Although the findings of this small-scale study cannot be generalised, the children’s perceptions suggest some crucial areas for future research. Playing and exercising during the school day are important in fulfilling the recommendations for daily PA for children, as well as in promoting their mental and social health. To enable equal possibilities for an active lifestyle for all children at school, positive and encouraging adults, as well as age-appropriate and safe infrastructure, are needed. The children’s day should be viewed as a whole, not as single situations, where physical activities are offered.

Enhancing the Evidence Base for Irish Female Youth Participation in Physical Activity—The Development of the Gaelic4Girls Program

The purpose of the current research was to gather baseline data on female youth to inform the development of a targeted physical activity (PA) and sports-based intervention, specifically identified as “Gaelic4Girls”. Cross-sectional data on PA levels, psychological correlates of PA, anthropometric characteristics, and the fundamental movement skill (FMS) proficiency of female youth (n = 331; M age 10.92±1.22) were collected. A subsample (n = 37) participated in focus group (FG) interviews exploring perceptions of health/sport, and identifying barriers/motivators to participation. PA levels were assessed using self-report (PA Questionnaire for Older Children) and classified as low, moderate, and high active. One- and two-way ANOVAs (post hoc Tukey honest significant difference [HSD]) were used to analyze the data. The FGs were transcribed verbatim, coded, and thematically analyzed. Findings indicated that the majority of youth (71.8%) were not meeting the minimum daily PA recommendations for health, and that 98.1% did not achieve the FMS proficiency expected for their age. Low, moderately, and highly active participants differ significantly in terms of overall FMS (p = .03), and locomotor control scores (p = .03). FG findings report fun and friendship as key PA motivators, too much competitiveness as barriers, and positive outside encouragement from family/friends/coaches as facilitators encouraging PA engagement. Findings highlight the need for targeting low levels of PA, FMS proficiency in female youth sport interventions, through addressing self-efficacy levels, inclusive of fun, and socially-stimulating PA environments.