Reclamation Sites Research Articles

Evaluation of Leaf, Flower and Peel Bitter Orange Essential Oils and their Constituents in Response to Various Planting Locations of Egypt

Bitter orange essential oils have biological characteristics that make them suitable for many purposes, the most important of which are food, agricultural and pharmaceutical industries. Cultivation of bitter oranges in different locations leads to change in the essential oil compositions, and thus their biological effects. Leaves, flowers and fruit peels of bitter orange were collected from three locations of Egypt (north, midst and south); essential oils were isolated and analyzed. Results were statistically analyzed according to ANOVA-1. The maximum contents of essential oils were recorded with samples collected from south location. The major component of leaf (33.9–41.9%) and flower (47.2–51.5%) essential oils was linalool; while, the main component of peel essential oil (70.5–74.7%) was limonene. Detected components of various parts noteworthy the presence of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons in leaf and peel essential oils which was completely omitted in flower essential oil. Oxygenated monoterpenes was the main fraction in leaf and flower essential oils; but monoterpene hydrocarbon was the major fraction in peel essential oil. Samples collected from south location resulted in the maximum values of major component from leaf (41.9%) and flower (51.5%) essential oils; while those harvested from north one produced the greatest amount of main component of peel essential oil (74.7%). Fractions of essential oil were varied due to different locations. This study concluded that it is possible in the future to expand the cultivation of Bitter orange at new reclamation sites of Egypt to increase the sources of natural essential oils; also this trial serves as a reference for selecting the suitable location to produce bitter orange essential oils because of the target compounds.

Rapid assessment of mine rehabilitation areas with airborne LiDAR and deep learning: bauxite strip mining in Queensland, Australia

Rehabilitation of disturbed sites is a complex process requiring constant monitoring and assessment, with current methods being somewhat obsolete, manual, and rather fraught with risk in terms of beneficial outcomes of the evaluation. This study challenges the status quo of manual assessments and build a new methodology to recognise a clear need for a quasi-automated and reliable remote sensing method to achieve rapid mine rehabilitation monitoring. The aim of this study was to innovate and develop an ensemble analytic methodology for the use of airborne LiDAR, in conjunction with deep learning, to rapidly evaluate the rehabilitation status of post-mined areas. Airborne LiDAR datasets, obtained via an Optech ORION m/c 200 sensor, were collected over bauxite mining operations on the western coast of Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia. These datasets were processed into a 3 D point cloud using the Esri ArcGIS Pro platform. An ensemble analytical approach was developed, leading with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm, which was trained to recognise, then classify images of the reference site (natural ecosystems) and active rehabilitation areas. The result of this classification was then leveraged, training in turn a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm which assessed the entire LiDAR collection, resulting in a predictive surface of rehabilitation status. This surface, as the final analytical product, was assessed for validity using ground-truth plot data and an ordinary least squares regression model, as well as comparison to subject matter expert evaluation through a Delphi expert panel assessment. The results indicate that the predictive surface, as the final analytical product, had statistically significant correlation coefficient with multiple attributes (or predictor) that correlated with the rehabilitation status interpretation. These predictor variables were primarily structural in nature and included the canopy height, sub-canopy height, key species as a proportion of canopy, herbaceous ground cover percentage, litter ground cover percentage, and distance from haul road (p < 0.05). A Delphi expert collaboration comprised of ten environmental science subject matter experts and 600 observations, indicated a high precision (r = 0.89 at p < 0.05) of the prediction surface when compared with a subject expert panels assessment, as well as a high Total Deviation Index (TDI) of 16% (p < 0.05). This indicated positive agreement between the panel’s assessment and the predictive surface. This study suggests that airborne LiDAR and deep learning ensemble analytics can be used as a rapid means to estimate the rehabilitation status of disturbed sites.

Senegalia senegal (L.) Britton Response to Microbial and Manure Amendments for the Rehabilitation of Waste Rock Dumps in the Essakane Gold Mining Site, Burkina Faso

Senegalia senegal (L.) Britton (Fabaceae) is a widespread, multipurpose tree capable of colonizing disturbed Sub-Saharan mining sites given its adaptations to arid lands. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of the association of microbial and/or manure amendments with S. senegal seedlings for the effective rehabilitation of the environment post mining. A multi-year factorial experiment involving this species was conducted in a nursery and on waste rock dumps (Essakane gold mine, NE Burkina Faso). Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (native isolate Rhizophagus aggregatus DAOM2277128; commercial isolate Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM197198) and Mesorhizobium plurifarium strain ORS3588 was conducted on S. senegal seedlings. These were planted in black polythene bags filled with three substrate types: 100% sandy soil (substrate A); 75% sandy soil, 25% manure (substrate B); and 50% sandy soil, 50% manure (substrate C). Seedlings were then out-planted on waste rock to determine whether microbial inoculation improves their growth and survival rates. Under nursery conditions, manure-enriched substrates harboured less nodulation and AM colonization, but substantially increased plant height, and dry mass compared to un-amended substrate. Inoculation on manure-enrich substrates did not consistently increase root AM colonization and plant growth parameters among treatments. Plants that were inoculated with R. aggregatus alone or with R. irregularis or Mesorhizobium plurifarium ORS3588 showed the greatest increase in growth variables. On un-amended substrates, inoculation with R. aggregatus in combination with M. plurifarium or R. irregularis significantly enhanced root colonization rates, without altering plant growth parameters. Yet, inoculation with R. irregularis or M. plurifarium alone did not elicit increases in these parameters, although nodulation was greatly improved by the latter treatment. In field conditions, plant growth and survival were reduced under high rate manure amendments, likely due to less AM colonization and root nodulation that was observed for these treatments in nursery before out-planting. Strongly colonized plants on the un-amended substrate and moderately amended substrate showed greater survival after out-planting. Our results support the general conclusion that microbial inoculation and manure-enriched substrates are a viable option for mining site rehabilitation using S. senegal. They also suggest that manure amendments in forest nurseries should be cautiously applied given that high rates may impede establishment of plant symbioses, thereby affecting their performance on waste rock dumps following out-planting.

The Blacktown Native Institution as a Living, Embodied Being: Decolonizing Australian First Nations Zones of Trauma Through Creativity

In Australia, the trauma of the forced removal, institutionalization, and attempted assimilation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children under Stolen Generations policies is rarely publicly memorialized, especially at the children’s homes and missions where these things took place. Darug Nation reclamation of the former site of the Blacktown Native Institution in Western Sydney entails, however, a distinct memorialization of the land as a powerful identity through restoring ceremonial and land care cultural practices that predate invasion. The Darug activation of this place pivots on a powerful Aboriginal ethos of land as “Country”—a living being or spirit. We also contend that this relationship to land is better defined by the expansive term “zone” rather than the colonial, territorial notion of “site.” It is in this context that Darug Traditional Owners, other First Nations artists, and Stolen Generations survivors are generating remarkable artistic, communal, ephemeral, land-based, and performative approaches that empower and restore Darug bonds, with the land of the former institution as a living being.

Physiological Performance and Biomass Growth of Different Black Locust Origins Growing on a Post-Mining Reclamation Site in Eastern Germany

Black Locust/Robinia can play an important role in land reclamation due to its pronounced nitrogen fixation capability, fast initial growth and relative high drought tolerance. Hence, we set up a trial to test 12 Black Locust clones and three provenances growing on sandy overburden material within the open cast lignite mine Welzow-Süd (South Brandenburg) in March 2014. Since then, biomass growth of the Black Locust trees was examined and physiological performance was studied on several occasions using chlorophyll a fluorescence and Dualex® measuring technique. Plant physiological measurements revealed differences in photosynthetic vitality (PIABS), although the PIABS values followed a similar pattern and sequences across the plot. While the genotypes Fra3 and Roy show the highest photosynthetic vitality, the clones Rog and Rob display the lowest PIABS mean values. Chlorophyll and phenol content as well as the nutrition supply of the test trees vary depending on their origin and site conditions. The annual biomass growth rate corresponds to photosynthetic vitality and both depend on weather conditions during the growing season. After six years, the growing biomass amounts to 14.7 Mg d.m. ha−1 for clone Rob and 44.8 Mg d.m. ha−1 for clone Fra3, i.e., 2.5 to 7.5 Mg d.m. ha−1 year−1. Our data demonstrate a good correlation between biophysical parameters and biomass growth. We, thus, infer that physiological measuring methods can be combined to strengthen predictions regarding the physiological performance of Black Locust origins.

Soil amendment with a humic substance and arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi enhance coal mine reclamation

Coal mine sites covered by sandy soils often have low nutrient and high heavy metal concentrations, making reclamation for agricultural uses challenging. Although the combined use of humic substances and soil biota has generated considerable research interest, little information is available regarding their synergistic effects. In a two year field study, we assessed the effects of sole and combined applications of a humic substance product called nano humus (150 g/m2 in soils), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (250 g inocula/m2 in soils), and fertilizer (37 g/m2 in soils) on soil chemical properties, soil heavy metals, and growth of alfalfa (Medicago ruthenica L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with nano humus exhibited greatest effects in year two. Relative to untreated soils, they increased soil cation exchange capacity by 38%, total organic carbon by 36%, and available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium by 20 to 92%; they reduced concentrations of soil cadmium by 25% and of arsenic by 9%. Mycorrhizal colonization rate and soil heavy metal concentrations were significantly negatively correlated, suggesting an inhibition effect of metals on colonization. The combination of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and nano humus showed greatest impact on root and shoot biomass of alfalfa, which increased 18 and 12 times, respectively. Barley responded most positively to combinations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, nano humus, and fertilizer; root biomass increased 4 times, and shoot biomass and seed production increased 3 times. Combined applications generally provided greater benefits than sole applications, which could be a useful practice in heavy metal contaminated reclamation sites.

Reclamation of a resource extraction site: A differential game approach

AbstractWe study an extraction site reclamation problem in a two‐player differential game setting over a finite time horizon. Environmental regulation requires each firm to engage in reclamation efforts during the entire lifespan of the extraction site and to pay an abandonment reclamation fee at the end of its lease term for the unclaimed pollution caused by firms’ activities. Firms determine their reclamation efforts in order to minimize their reclamation cost. We analyze and compare individual firms’ choices and the pollution stock in the noncooperative and the cooperative cases by distinguishing between situations in which firms are homogeneous and heterogeneous. We study the case in which firms have different lease durations and different degrees of environmental liability. We show that the dynamics of the reclamation efforts may be substantially different under noncooperation and cooperation, and in both cases, it is mainly determined by how the rate of time preference and the growth rate of firms’ liabilities compare. Moreover, in all scenarios, the reclamation efforts generally rise with the degree of liability and fall with the lease duration, suggesting that in order to promote better environmental outcomes, the regulators should carefully determine the lease conditions by introducing intra‐term reclamation fees along with stringent environmental accountability.

Research on the influence of vegetation restoration in loess open-pit coal mines of China: Influencing factors and mechanism

The effect and quality of reclaimed mining area land in ecologically fragile areas have been the focus of the state, enterprises and academia. However, the research on the status quo and the interaction between the reconstructed topography, reconstructed soil and reconstructed vegetation in the reclaimed area needs to be further deepened, and its research value for subsequent ecological restoration and management in the mining area needs to be further expanded. In this study, the south dump of the Antianbao open-pit coal mine was taken as the research object. We used typical profile sampling methods, single-factor saliency analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and redundancy analysis to focus on exploring the influence of soil and topography on vegetation and to conduct a preliminary delineation of soil-layer functional areas. The results showed that (1) there was great heterogeneity in the quality of reclaimed land in the study area, in which the heterogeneity of vegetation status was particularly obvious, and the overall variation was medium or high. (2) In terms of topography, elevation and aspect significantly affected vegetation conditions. The soil factors that had the greatest impact on vegetation were the available potassium, total nitrogen, organic matter, gravel concentration in topsoil (0–30 cm), and the available phosphorus, organic matter, gravel concentration in deep soil (30–60 cm). (3) In the reclaimed land of the study area, the main functions of surface reconstructed soil provided nutrients for herbs and acted as a “channel” for the root system of vegetation, while the main functions of deep reconstructed soil provided nutrients for vegetation. Vegetation and soil play an important role in ecologically fragile systems. This study mainly summarizes the effects of soil and topography on vegetation in reclaimed land in the loess area, which is highly significant to improve and manage future reclamation sites at home and abroad, and to improve the homogeneity and system stability of reclamation sites.

The perspective of high coral growth rate on the artificial reef: what is causing enhancement of coral growth rate on Nyamuk Island, Anambas?

The coral growth rate is affected by several ecological conditions, which could lead to enhancement or deceleration. Good marine habitat and water conditions would escalate coral fragment growth rate on rehabilitation sites. This study was assessed to determine the coral growth rate transplanted on artificial reef-building for rehabilitation purposes and indicated the main driving factors that enhance coral growth rate at Nyamuk Island, Anambas. Benthic communities, coral length, and coral growth rate compared through the year. Analysis of variances and Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to indicated differences between variables and analyse driving factors of coral growth rate. Hard coral and sand coverage increasing during observation. Coral length based indicated constant escalation. However, coral growth yearly showed fluctuation with peak growth from 2014 to 2015. PCA exhibited hard coral, dead coral with algae, sponge, and sand played an important role in supporting coral growth on rehabilitation at Anambas. Available niche for other marine faunas built by artificial reef-building could support to preserve of the coral fragments. Acquisitions of hard coral by coral fragments could be supported by good natural hard coral coverage in the habitat. Herbivorous is one factor that could support recent coral reefs.

高寒地区煤矿排土场植被恢复研究--以内蒙古扎哈淖尔煤矿为例

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 高寒地区煤矿排土场植被恢复研究——以内蒙古扎哈淖尔煤矿为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202202090317 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: Plant rehabilitation at dump sites of open-pit mine in alpine region: A case study of Inner Mongolia Zhahanaoer Mine Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:高寒煤矿排土场植被恢复是制约我国矿区绿色可持续发展亟待解决问题，内蒙古扎哈淖尔煤矿通过不同的生态措施对排土场进行人工植被恢复的实践。在2020年和2021年对该高寒煤矿排土场75个样地进行野外连续监测，对不同生态恢复措施影响高寒地区内蒙古扎哈淖尔露天煤矿排土场植物恢复过程中的群落组成、盖度、物种多样性进行分析，阐明不同恢复措施在高寒地区煤矿排土场植被恢复中的作用。研究结果表明：从2020年到2021年排土场的植物群落物种数、植被盖度和群落多样性存在显著的季节变化规律；周边原生草原的非人工种植植物随恢复时间增加而不断进入排土场，导致群落物种数显著增加；植物群落多样性在平面、坡面与田字格地形存在显著差异，田字格上Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最低；坡度显著影响群落多样性，同时受到季节变化影响；喷播加灌木种植方式与其他4种播种方式相比显著增加群落香浓维纳多样性指数；但不同坡向、土壤施肥方式和水分灌溉方式对植物群落多样性没有显著影响。研究结果可为完善草原露天煤矿植被恢复技术提供科学依据。 Abstract:Plant rehabilitation at dump sites in alpine region is the critical issue for the sustainable development of open pit mine in China. Several artificial restoration measures were applied for plant rehabilitation in Inner Mongolia Zhahanaoer Mine. Field investigations and monitoring were continually carried out at 75 sample plots at dump site of open-pit mine of Zhahanaoer from 2021 to 2022. We analyzed plant community composition, plant cover and biodiversity. Results showed that there are significant seasonal and annual variation pattern for plant growth. The increasing plant species number with increasing restoration period may due to the coming non-planting plant species from around grassland. There are significant higher biodiversity in flat and slope topography than that of in "Tianzige". There was significant effect of slope degree on diversity, which varied with seasonal change. Plant biodiversity by spray seedling plus shrub method was significantly higher than those of other three methods. However, there were no significant differences of plant biodiversity in slope aspect, soil fertilization and irrigation treatments, respectively. Our results could contribute to the scientific evidences for plant rehabilitation of the dump sites of open pit mine in alpine region. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Urban renewal of heritage sites and re-planning of waterfronts in historical areas “case study of the vicinity of the historic Qaitbay Citadel in Alexandria – Egypt”

The rehabilitation of heritage sites in line with the revival of the historical waterfronts. The study focuses on the Qaitbay Citadel area as an urban model as one of the most important historical cultural tourism areas in Alexandria and how to maintain the continuity and development of tourism with its cultural heritage value. Within an integrated framework for preserving the urban heritage of historic waterfronts, a new design proposal has been conducted to preserve the urban heritage, while keeping pace with the functional tourism requirements of the area. Furthermore, reviews the analysis of the physical and design conditions based on old maps, photographs, questionnaires and a SWOT for rehabilitating the area to be an economic center and a tourist attraction

Accelerating soil aggregate formation: a review on microbial processes as the critical step in a post-mining rehabilitation context

One of the most difficult challenges facing the coal mining industry is rehabilitation of open cut mines in the absence of sufficient quality and quantity of topsoil. As a result, the growth medium for rehabilitation of open cut mines is often mine spoil that has poor chemical and structural properties. Microorganisms play a critical role in natural soil forming processes, nutrient cycling and soil aggregate stabilisation. However, soil microbiota and their impact on soil chemistry and structure has traditionally been overlooked in mine site remediation and mine spoil amelioration. Soil bioengineering, using microbial inoculants to modify soil chemistry and structure, is a novel approach that has the potential to positively alter the chemical and physical limitations prevented by mine spoil and improve mine site rehabilitation outcomes. This review focuses on the importance of microbiology in the spoil-to-soil transformation after open cut coal mining and discusses the ways that microbial inoculants could be used to accelerate the amelioration of coal mine spoil during rehabilitation. The work seeks to establish a platform for soil bioengineering approaches to be considered during rehabilitation of open cut coal mines. The review focuses on Australian open cut coal mines but has application for all mines with nutrient limited substrates and/or saline or sodic spoil that is prone to erosion.

Analysis and mapping of mining subsidence and underground voids collapse risk using GIS and the weights-of-evidence model for the abandoned Ichmoul mine, Algeria

The present study concerns the assessment of mining subsidence and old underground works collapse hazard of the abandoned Ichmoul mine (Batna, Algeria) using the geographic information system (GIS) and the weight of evidence method (WofE). After the identification of collapse cases on the site and developing a spatial database for old underground works, topography and geology, the weight of evidence model was applied to calculate the weight of each relevant factor. Five main factors controlling or related to subsidence and underground voids collapse were determined from the probability analysis of existing cases; the underground voids depth, the distance between the underground voids, the landforms slope, the lithology and the distance between the fractures. Conditional independence tests were performed for the choice of factors. For the analysis of the subsidence and underground void collapse spatial hazard mapping, the contrast values, W+ and W- of the each factor evaluation were analyzed. The analysis results were validated using the curve ROC (AUC) with a past collapse case. For all the factors used, the area under the (ROC) curve showed 92 % accuracy. The results obtained can be used for the prevention of mining subsidence and underground voids collapse risks and the mine site rehabilitation.

Influence of environmental factors on the evolution of phytocenoses of reclamation objects of the Ryazan Meschera

The limiting influence of weather conditions on agricultural crops is known, but from an ecological point of view, the preservation of the biological diversity of phyto- cenoses is important. In 2010-2020, within the framework of soil-reclamation monitoring, the climatic features of the territory of the Ryazan Meschera were analyzed and the evolution of phytocenoses of two reclamation objects in the Ryazan and Klepikovsky districts of the Ryazan region was tracked. Ryazan Meschera has a number of climatic features due to the distinctive features of heat and moisture availability, terrain, air humidity and other indicators. A high degree of coverage, a large number of individuals, but a small number of species have been established at the Tinki-II and Makeyevsky Cape reclamation sites. More moist soil was determined at the Makeyevsky Cape object, which is reflected to a greater extent by the development of grasses belonging to the hygrophytic group Alopecurus pratensis , Dactylis glomerata , Glycerria maxima , etc., less water-demanding cereals were identified at the Tinki-II object, for example, Bromopsis inermis , Dactylis glomerata , Festuca pratensis , Phlum pratense , etc. Summarizing the results of the research, the primary role of environmental factors on the evolution of phytocenoses of reclamation objects in the Ryazan Meschera is established.

The main problems of the development of irrigated agriculture in the Volga region and ways to solve them

In the dry-steppe zone of the Volga region, characterized by an extremely arid climate, the stability of crop production depends directly on the level of development of reclamation. In this regard, the priority is to carry out a set of effective environmental measures that take into account data from the monitoring of irrigated land using modern technologies and methods that prevent the development of negative natural processes and ensure the conservation of land and water resources. The article describes the dynamics of the state of irrigation potential in the Volga region, the justification of rational areas of irrigated land in accordance with the requirements of the scientific system of agriculture, as well as the state of the main elements of reclamation funds owned by agricultural producers. It has been established that in recent years there has been not only a general decline in the area of watering land, but also a sharp deterioration in the condition of reclamation funds, especially on the internal irrigation network. The possibilities of reconstruction and rehabilitation of the reclamation complex, and related issues of financing and price policy are considered. The necessity of wide use of mechanisms of state subsidization of reconstruction and rehabilitation of irrigation sites was noted.

Spectroscopy framework and review of characterization of energy resource sites

Site characterization and rapid reliable identification of energy resources play a key role for future efficient energy production. Over the last several decades, many laboratory and in-situ techniques were developed to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the sites and minerals. Despite the advancements, there are still many challenges associated with exploration, rapid detection, and spatial interpolation of the energy resources within a site. Spectroscopy techniques offer solutions to the current on-going efforts on site characterization, exploration and collection of resources, quality control monitoring during production, and reclamation of the production sites due to environmental contamination. Spectral analysis has shown great promise in providing in-situ measurements that are comparable to arduous laboratory physio-chemical analysis. Spectroscopy is a fairly new technology in some sectors and has seen limited use but has shown great potential in exceeding the minimum standards implemented. This paper presents review of the current spectroscopy techniques that have been used in the agriculture, landfill, nuclear power, mining, and ground contamination industries with respect to the production of energy. A general overview of how spectral analysis techniques are being used to benefit each of these sectors along with some of the drawbacks associated with each is presented. Three frameworks including basic process, operation flowchart, minimum number of tests to be performed, and information on spatial interpolation analysis are presented. These frameworks along with the basic processes can be implemented for characterization of energy resource sites.

Physical Activity Interventions in Rehabilitation Programs for Outpatients With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

ABSTRACT Introduction: There is limited scientific evidence about the optimal content and parameters of physical activity (PA) interventions for rehabilitation outpatients with persisting symptoms of a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Clinicians have thus had to develop services based on their expertise, feasibility and patient needs. Objectives: This study aimed to document PA interventions delivered in specialized programs of a Canadian province offering outpatient rehabilitation services for individuals with persisting symptoms of mTBI to inform clinical intervention development and future research. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study using an online survey containing 32 multiple choice and short open-ended questions to be answered by program administrators, with their clinical team’s input. Content analysis and descriptive statistics were used. Results: Data from 94% of rehabilitation sites (n = 17) revealed that PA interventions are delivered to children (n = 4), adults (n = 15) and older adults (n = 5) with mTBI symptoms lasting ≥1 month to ≥1 year post injury. PA interventions aim to increase participation (n = 14), improve body functions (n = 9), manage persisting mTBI symptoms (n = 5) and improve self-management skills (n = 5) and knowledge (n = 4). Interventions include individual (n = 15) or group-based (n = 12) format, home-programs (n = 7), and teaching/education (n = 6). Most PA interventions include aerobic and resistance exercises. PA dosage parameters vary greatly. Conclusion: Clinical experts use multimodal interventions for rehabilitation program users that target improvement in body functions, participation and symptoms. The results can inform the development, enhancement and evaluation of PA interventions. Studies evaluating the effectiveness of these interventions for this clientele are warranted.

Enhancing reef fish diversity using artificial reef-building: A case study of coral reef rehabilitation on Nyamuk Island, Anambas Islands

CCMRS-IPB conducted coral reef rehabilitation at damaged coral reefs around Nyamuk Island. Those artificial reef buildings for rehabilitation gave shelter spaces for reef fish. This research aims to calculate the effect of coral reef-building, which enhances rugosity to the reef fish diversity around the rehabilitation sites. The study was conducted on Nyamuk Island in the Anambas Islands. Reef fish were sampled annually from 2014 to 2019 using the underwater visual census. The Diversity index and non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling were built to discover reef fish diversity, and reef fish species were affected the most. Yearly data shows an escalation number of reef fish abundance and richness at the end of 2019. The major reef fish group is found to have constant diversity throughout the year compared to other functional groups. The target reef fish group came to this rehabilitation ecosystem primarily attracted by nourishment availability. There is a shift in the reef fish diversity from the early year to the project end. Generally, major reef fish groups will be refuged first around the rehabilitation sites, especially territorial types. Target fish groups from herbivorous and carnivorous types will mostly come along after their food availability and location to get around.

Exploring the patient perspectives of student‐resourced service delivery of rehabilitation groups: A qualitative study

AbstractIntroductionOccupational therapists commonly use groups to deliver rehabilitation. Previous research has established that patients value participation in such groups. With increasing demands for rehabilitation services, meeting the intensity of occupational therapy practice required for recovery is challenging. Group‐based services are one approach to support increased rehabilitation need for intensity of practice. Student‐resourced service delivery (SRSD) of rehabilitation groups is a novel practice placement model that shows potential for rehabilitation care delivery. There is little research reporting patient experiences and perspectives of SRSD rehabilitation groups. Understanding the perspectives of patients' experiences of the groups is required for meaningful programme evaluation. This study aimed to explore patient experiences of SRSD of rehabilitation groups.MethodsThis multisite qualitative study examined the perspectives of 26 rehabilitation inpatients participating in SRSD group sessions across two rehabilitation sites. The SRSD group sessions were overseen by an occupational therapist. Data were collected through semi‐structured interviews and analysed using inductive thematic analysis guided by a phenomenological approach.ResultsThree themes emerged: (1) seeing the relevance of SRSD groups, (2) enhancing the process of SRSD groups, and (3) the value of social interaction.ConclusionSRSD rehabilitation groups were well received by patients with perceived benefits such as opportunities for social interactions. Findings from this study may inform clinical practice including models of student practice placement education.

109 OUTCOMES FOLLOWING NECK OF FEMUR FRACTURES IN A UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL

Abstract Background Neck of femur (NOF) fractures cause significant morbidity and mortality. Many require off site rehabilitation and it can lead to a new functional baseline with increased care needs. The objective of this study was to explore this impact on patients with NOF fractures in a university teaching hospital. Methods This retrospective observational study was performed on admitted patients with NOF fractures in 2019. Using a structured proforma, data was collected from the patients’ electronic record and from follow up telephone consultations at one year. Frailty and functional capacity was assessed at one year using the Clinical Frailty Scale and the Barthel Index. Results 123 patients had a NOF fracture from January to December 2019. The female to men ratio was 2:1 and the average age was 79 years. The majority of patients were admitted from home (86%). At baseline, 58% mobilised independently without aids. On discharge, 39% were transferred to offsite rehab, 41% discharged home and 13% were discharged to a nursing home. At one year, the mortality rate was 26% which is comparable with other studies [1]. 30% had a new home care package and 19.4% were in a nursing home. 75% were readmitted with a third due to falls. On average, patients were classified as mild to moderately frail (CFS of 4.84) with moderate dependency (Barthel Index of 76.5). Conclusion Hip fractures have a high mortality rate and have a significant impact on patient’s function with a third requiring extra support at home and a fifth requiring a nursing home admission. Frailty tools may be useful to help predict outcomes in the future. Reference 1. Schell et al., The 1-Year Mortality of Patients Treated in a Hip Fracture Program for Elders, Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil. 2010 Sep; 1(1): 6–14.