Service Recipients Research Articles

The effectiveness of mental health interventions involving non-specialists and digital technology in low-and middle-income countries – a systematic review

BackgroundCombining non-specialists and digital technologies in mental health interventions could decrease the mental healthcare gap in resource scarce countries. This systematic review examined different combinations of non-specialists and digital technologies in mental health interventions and their effectiveness in reducing the mental healthcare gap in low-and middle-income countries.MethodsLiterature searches were conducted in four databases (September 2023), three trial registries (January–February 2022), and using forward and backward citation searches (May–June 2022). The review included primary studies on mental health interventions combining non-specialists and digital technologies in low-and middle-income countries. The outcomes were: (1) the mental health of intervention receivers and (2) the competencies of non-specialists to deliver mental health interventions. Data were expressed as standardised effect sizes (Cohen’s d) and narratively synthesised. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tools for individual and cluster randomised and non-randomised controlled trials.ResultsOf the 28 included studies (n = 32 interventions), digital technology was mainly used in non-specialist primary-delivery treatment models for common mental disorders or subthreshold symptoms. The competencies of non-specialists were improved with digital training (d ≤ 0.8 in 4/7 outcomes, n = 4 studies, 398 participants). The mental health of receivers improved through non-specialist-delivered interventions, in which digital technologies were used to support the delivery of the intervention (d > 0.8 in 24/40 outcomes, n = 11, 2469) or to supervise the non-specialists’ work (d = 0.2–0.8 in 10/17 outcomes, n = 3, 3096). Additionally, the mental health of service receivers improved through digitally delivered mental health services with non-specialist involvement (d = 0.2–0.8 in 12/27 outcomes, n = 8, 2335). However, the overall certainty of the evidence was poor.ConclusionIncorporating digital technologies into non-specialist mental health interventions tended to enhance non-specialists’ competencies and knowledge in intervention delivery, and had a positive influence on the severity of mental health problems, mental healthcare utilization, and psychosocial functioning outcomes of service recipients, primarily within primary-deliverer care models. More robust evidence is needed to compare the magnitude of effectiveness and identify the clinical relevance of specific digital functions. Future studies should also explore long-term and potential adverse effects and interventions targeting men and marginalised communities.

Service Quality-Based Public Trust at City Resort Police in Indonesia

Public trust based on service quality in organizations assumes that high public trust influences people to follow government policies, respect the law, and strengthen democracy and social stability. Conversely, low public trust can influence people to reject government policies, doubt the integrity of government institutions, and weaken democracy and social stability. The results of this research article explain public trust based on the quality of service in the police institution. Data, information, and knowledge regarding the locus of the Makassar City Resort Police (Polrestabes) were obtained through observation, interviews, and focus group discussions. The data were analyzed descriptively-qualitatively. The results of the study found that the quality of digital-based public services implemented in the institutions studied was able to change the image of the people served. A positive image of the community is built from the provision of physical evidence (tangibles) that meets expectations, empathy that underlies the desire to serve (responsiveness), and attention and ethics of moral behavior (assurance) in providing services to build trust (reliability) and positive appreciation as a form of external responsibility (accountability) from institutions to service recipients. The dimensions of the quality of public services are actualized in several main aspects as the basis of public trust in the Indonesian City Police Resort (Kapolrestabes) with high levels of achievement, namely in the dimensions of responsiveness, professionalism, transparency, community involvement, as well as security and justice. The performance of these institutions has an impact on increasing public trust in the Indonesian National Police (Polri), both individually and institutionally.
 Keywords: public trust, service quality, digitalization, institutional, individual

Implementasi Prinsip-Prinsip Good Governance Guna Efektivitas Pelayanan Publik Pada Kantor Kelurahan Wonokromo Kota Surabaya

This research aims to analyze the implementation of public services, the prevailing bureaucracy and the suitability of the computerized service system when viewed from the principles of good governance at the Wonokromo Kora Subdistrict Office, Surabaya. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach. The required research data collection was 6 informants consisting of 4 sub-district staff and 2 community recipients of public services. The data analysis techniques used are data collection, data triangulation, data reduction, and data presentation. The results of the research found that the Wonokromo Subdistrict Office, Surabaya City, in carrying out its services, has not fully implemented the principles of good governance, and reporting on public servants has not been fully transparent because it requires permission from the District first and certainty of when residents can collect files or the results of the service are sometimes not fully implemented.

Developing the First Digital Occupational Therapy Dictionary Worldwide: A Promising Mobile Application Model for Occupational Therapy Service Providers and Recipients.

The purpose of this study was to develop the first English-Arabic occupational therapy dictionary mobile application that could be used by occupational therapy service providers and recipients and help fill the gap in understanding and communicating occupational therapy services. Google Play Store and App Store application stores were searched first to identify any current electronic occupational therapy dictionary. While developing the dictionary concept and structure, end users' needs, language, and culture were taken into consideration applying a user-friendly design, functionalities, and an easy-to-understand language with illustrative visual representations. Our search for currently available electronic occupational therapy dictionaries did not identify any mobile application on the official application stores for iPhone and Android. As a result, a conceptual model was created to develop a mobile application aiming to develop a comprehensive and user-friendly mobile electronic dictionary with over 2400 scientific terms translated and annotated from English to Arabic, more than 350 illustrative pictures, and special features to assist occupational therapy professionals and occupational therapy services recipients in looking up and understanding terminology used in rehabilitation and occupational therapy in the most convenient, fastest, and easiest way possible. The occupational therapy dictionary mobile application has helped create a unified terminology and a common language of shared understanding, proved to be a helpful tool of communicating important messages between Arab occupational therapy professionals and community members through providing an easy access to up-to-date comprehensive English-Arabic lexicography in occupational therapy. It has become the first digital occupational therapy dictionary worldwide and has been made available for everyone to download from Google Play and App Store on their smartphones, computers, or tablets free of charge. Further research is urgently needed for quality improvement and to further enrich Arabic content in occupational therapy through developing evidence-based mobile tools to be used in occupational therapy practice by Arabic-speaking population.

The effects of medication therapy management on medication utilization among Medicare beneficiaries with HIV/AIDS

BackgroundMedicare Part D plans are required to provide medication therapy management (MTM) programs to eligible beneficiaries to optimize medication utilization. MTM programs’ effects on medication utilization among older persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHs) remain unclear. ObjectiveThis study examined the effects of the Medicare MTM programs on medication utilization among PLWHs. MethodsThis study analyzed 2017 Medicare databases linked to the Area Health Resources Files. Recipients and nonrecipients of the MTM services were compared on their medication utilization: adherence to antiretroviral medications, drug-drug interactions (DDI), and concurrent use of opioids and benzodiazepines. The intervention group comprised recipients of the MTM services, and the control group was nonrecipients meeting the eligibility criteria. A propensity score with a ratio of 1:2 between the intervention and control groups was used to identify study groups with balanced characteristics. A logistic regression was used to control for patient/community characteristics. ResultsAfter matching, the intervention and comparison groups comprised 3298 and 6596 beneficiaries for the antiretroviral adherence measure, 809 and 1618 for the DDI measure, and 691 and 1382 for the concurrent use of opioids and benzodiazepines measure. The intervention was associated with higher odds of adherence to antiretroviral medications (adjusted odds ratio = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.04–1.26), and no concurrent use of opioids and benzodiazepines (adjusted odds ratio = 1.255, 95% CI = 1.005–1.568). The study groups did not differ on no DDI (adjusted odds ratio = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.74–1.20). ConclusionsMedicare MTM programs effectively improved medication utilization among PLWHs. Future studies should explore the long-term effects of the program.

Role matters in understanding ‘quality’ in palliative care: a qualitative analysis of patient, caregiver and practitioner perspectives

ObjectivesTo compare the discussions from two panels on the concept of palliative care quality for patients with advanced cancer, exploring the priorities reflected in each group’s perspectives.DesignWe convened two RAND-UCLA...

Patients’ acceptability of self-selected digital health services to support diet and exercise among people with complex chronic conditions: Mixed methods study

Objective The acceptability of being offered a choice from a suite of digital health service options to support optimal diet and exercise behaviors in adults with complex chronic conditions was evaluated. This study sought to understand many areas of acceptability including satisfaction, ease of use, usefulness and user appropriateness and perceived effectiveness. Methods This mixed-methods study was embedded within a randomized-controlled feasibility trial providing digital health services managing diet and exercise for adults from specialist kidney and liver disease clinics. Post study surveys and semistructured interviews were used to determine patients’ acceptability of the trial interventions. Quantitative (surveys) and qualitative (surveys and interviews) results were merged using integrative analysis and mapped to each construct of the modified version of the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. Results Seventeen interviews (intervention group) and 50 surveys ( n = 24 intervention, n = 26 comparator) completed from a possible 67 participants were analyzed. In the intervention group, the survey results revealed high areas of acceptability for the digital health services including overall support received, ease of use, timely advice and feeling safe. The interviews also revealed high areas of acceptability including convenience, ability to adopt healthier behaviors and having regular interactions with health professionals. However, the interviews also revealed lower areas of acceptability as a result of absence of individualization, low digital literacy, and limitations from life circumstances. Conclusions Recipients of digital health services that supported diet and exercise interventions found these useful, effective, and safe. Individualized care, technical support and patient confidence remain important to improve the acceptability of digital health service interventions.

Діяльність психологічної служби в роботі благодійних та громадських організацій

The article examines the mechanism of responding to a request from a client and the organization of providing psychological services in the work of charitable and public organizations. The main tasks of a psychological service are diagnostics and normalization of mental state of the recipient of services; restoration of disturbed mental state to an optimal level of mental health; correction of the personality of the recipient of services to ensure his or her efficient functioning in society; formation and restoration of adaptive mechanisms; conducting psychoprophylaxis; formation of positive reactions, motivations, social attitudes towards life and cognitive activity; providing assistance in establishing or restoring constructive relations with the family and social environment. In particular, seven types of psychological services are distinguished: psychological diagnostics, crisis psychological counseling, psychological counseling, psychotherapy, psychological support and accompaniment, group work and psychological first aid. Based on the study of the work of several charitable and public organizations, the main requests for psychological services were identified to be family relations, sexual problems, contacts with peers, education and career guidance, gender-based violence, somatic and mental health, general and psychophysiological development. We achieved the set goal, which involved studying the system of psychological services in the structures of charitable and public organizations. In the article, we described the types and the procedures of providing psychological services and its documentation.

Improving the reproductive health literacy of couples on the verge of marriage through the FOCUS-PDCA model: Mixed-method study.

Education and counseling during marriage is an opportunity to raise some issues needed by couples on the verge of marriage. This study was conducted with the aim of improving reproductive and sexual health literacy of couples on the verge of marriage. This study was a mixed-methods participatory action research conducted based on the Find, Organize, Clarify, Understand, Select-Plan, Do, Check, Act (FOCUS-PDCA) model in ninesteps during 2019-2020 in the city of Bandar Abbas. The Reproductive Health Literacy Scale and the Service Quality (SERVQUAL) Questionnaire were used to evaluate the interventions. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 26. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered. The mean age of women and men participating in the quantitative part of the study was 21 ± 5 and 25.84 ± 3.9 years, respectively, which was similar to their counterparts in this part of the study, and the difference in the mean scores of reproductive health literacy before and after the changes in the program showed a significant difference (p > 0.001). The study results showed that, except for the understanding dimension, most participants were at an insufficient level in other dimensions of reproductive health literacy. The result of measuring the satisfaction of service recipients indicated good satisfaction in the two dimensions of warranty and accountability, and there was a gap in empathy, assurance, and tangibility dimensions, which the biggest gap was related to the empathy dimension. The changes made in improving the reproductive health literacy of couples were effective, which can be taken into consideration based on the added items in the current program of providing educational services in marriage preparation classes for couples.

Service Allocators' Experiences of Ethical Dilemmas and Strategies in Long-Term Care: A Qualitative Study.

The provision of long-term care services for older adults is characterised by increasing needs and scarce resources, leading to ethical dilemmas. This qualitative study explored the ethical dilemmas experienced by healthcare professionals when allocating long-term care services to older adults and the strategies used to handle ethical dilemmas. Data from semi-structured individual interviews, focus group interviews, and observations of service allocators assessing needs and assigning long-term care services to older adults were analysed using content analysis. The overarching theme was the struggle for safe and equitable service allocation. The identified dilemmas were: (i) Struggles with A Just Allocation of Services due to Limited Time and Trust, (ii) Pressure on Professional Values Concerning Safety and Dignity, and (iii) Difficulties in Prioritising One Group Over Another. The strategies to deal with ethical dilemmas were: (i) Assessing Needs Across the Entire Municipality, (ii) Ensuring Distance to Service Recipients, (iii) Working as a Team, and (iv) Interprofessional Decision-Making. Scarce resources, organisational limitations, and political expectations drive the ethical dilemmas in long-term care service allocation. An open public discussion regarding the acceptable minimum standard of long-term care is needed to reduce the ethical pressure on service allocators.

Quality of Life in Individuals With Disabilities Through a Student-Led Service-Learning Program: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis to Examine the Reciprocal Benefits of Service Learning

Purpose: The efficacy of service learning in physical activity (PA) intervention is generally not centered around perceptions of the service recipients, posing questions when the efficacy of an intervention is crucial, such as PA in people with disabilities. The present study examined perceptions of the recipients in a student-led service-learning program through a quality of life survey and interviews. Method: Undergraduate students led a 13-week PA intervention. Before and after the intervention, people with disabilities (N = 56) completed quality of life surveys (i.e., the National Institute of Health Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System). A face-to-face interview was conducted with N = 6. Results: All quality of life items, except for Mental Health–Anxiety, improved (p < .01). The interviews suggested that environmental factors (i.e., encouragement from students, the open space that allowed interactions) positively impacted the program. Discussion: The environment may be a key factor in the program’s success in PA intervention from the recipients’ perspective.

Engagement of female staff in prehospital emergency medical services from the perspective of service recipients: development and psychometric testing of the scale

Engagement of female staff in prehospital emergency medical services from the perspective of service recipients: development and psychometric testing of the scale

SURVEY ON THE QUALITY OF TRANSLATION SERVICES FOR LANGUAGE VOLUNTEERS AT THE HANGZHOU ASIAN GAMES

This study examines the caliber of translation services provided by language volunteers for the Hangzhou Asian Games. It also conducts on-site research, surveys service recipients with questionnaires, and delves into the language service sector of the Hangzhou Asian Games as language volunteers. The primary research points for this study are the screening and training of language volunteers for the event, the overall quality of the volunteers, the particular content of the translation activities, and the quality of the translation services. We also examine the strengths and weaknesses of the translation services of China's large-scale events, talent cultivation, application of translation projects for the event, etc., in an effort to raise the standard and quality of the volunteers' services and to better serve the country's large-scale event needs. Provide suggestions and references for the future growth and development of volunteer programs based on language in China.

Standards of Value Stream Mapping as a tool supporting logistics processes in the healthcare system in Poland

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) a health system consists of many components like organizations, institutions, resources, and people whose primary purpose is to improve health. The system is complex and requires staff, funds, information, supplies, transport, communications and overall guidance and direction to function properly. These elements interact with each other and, as in the logistics system, there are uninterrupted physical, decision-making and information flows between its most important elements, which include: service providers, service recipients (patients), a payer (the National Health Fund), control and supervision institutions, the Ministry of Health. The Polish healthcare system is struggling with many problems, such as insufficient access to health services, inefficient system management, shortages of medical staff, or underfunding. The use of Value Stream Mapping (VSM) standards can significantly contribute to the improvement of logistics processes of the Polish healthcare system. The standards can be also used to improve the processes of treatment of other diseases, but also the functioning of healthcare units.The aim of the article is to present the possibility of applying Value Stream Mapping standards in the process of ischemic stroke treatment as the results of the project ‘Lean Management in Healthcare’, implemented by the consortium consisting of the Medical University of Warsaw, the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw and the Polish Society of Health Economics, financed by the National Centre for Research and Development under contract no. IS-2/200/NCBR/2015.

돌봄서비스 대상 노인의 AI 스피커 지속적 사용 의도에 관한 연구

This study was a survey to explore ways to establish non-face-to-face care services for vulnerable older adults. The authors investigated factors that influence the intention of the older adults who are recipients of care services to continue using AI speakers. A questionnaire survey consisting of 26 questions related to the use of AI speakers was conducted in the summer of 2022 targeting 179 elderly people using AI speakers, and the data were analyzed using regression analyses and others. The results showed that the older adults with lower educational levels, poorer health, and lower economic status tended to have a higher intention to continue using AI speakers. Moreover, it was found that the more frequently the older adults used AI speakers and the more confidence they showed in the speakers’ functions, the higher their intention to continue using them. The findings of this study suggest the need for updating AI speaker functions as a means of revitalizing non-face-to-face caregiving services for vulnerable older adults. In addition, it was suggested that educational programs should be provided to use AI speakers more easily for the vulnerable ones than now. This study has a great significance in that it sought ways to continuously utilize AI speakers in the care area of the community-dwelling vulnerable older adults.

Sosialisasi Upaya Perlindungan Hukum Atas Hak-Hak Pasien dan Tenaga Medis di Puskesmas Sukamaju Kota Bandar Lampung

Health law essentially provides legal certainty and protection, both for providers of health services and for recipients of health services, requiring a dynamic health law. For example, such as health workers who commit errors or negligence in carrying out their profession may be subject to disciplinary action determined by the Health Workers Disciplinary Council (Jo: Article 54 paragraphs 1 and 2 of Law No.23 of 1992 concerning health Jo. P No.32 of 1996 concerning health workers). Based on the results of a social approach to several communities in the inpatient health center of Sukamaju Village, East Bay Betung Subdistrict, Bandar Lampung City, they have never known the existence of Law No.36 of 2009 concerning Health, and do not understand about health services, patient protection, environmental health, health provision regulated in Law No.36 of 2009 concerning Health, so in this case socialization is needed as an effort to instill knowledge about the legal protection they have as patients. The methods considered relevant to achieve the above objectives are the lecture method and the discussion method, which are methods used to convey material about Law No.36 of 2009 concerning Health. The results showed that an understanding of the rights of patients and medical personnel in accordance with applicable legal procedures makes the community know what rights can be received based on the legal procedures in force.

Efektivitas Pelayanan Publik Berbasis Aplikasi Layanan Moci Legit Di Dinas Kependudukan Dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Sukabumi

In today's digital era, every public service provider is required to provide services more quickly to provide satisfaction for the community as service recipients. Therefore, Sukabumi City Disdukcapil has innovated services from offline to online through the Moci Legit Service application, this is done to provide convenience to the community so that the service process is more effective and efficient, but in its implementation there are several phenomena of problems found, namely: 1.not yet optimal socialization carried out, 2.the application system often experiences trouble, 3. inaccuracy of document completion, 4.there is no complaint feature in the application. This study aims to determine how the effectiveness of public services based on the legitimate moci service application at the Population and Civil Registration Office of Sukabumi City. The theory used in this study is the effectiveness theory from Gibson and Steers which includes 5 dimensions: productivity, quality, efficiency, flexibility, and satisfaction. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study indicate that the dimensions of productivity, quality, efficiency, and satisfaction are considered not fully effective because there are things that need to be improved to be more optimal. While the flexibility dimension is considered to have been running effectively.

Is a unified model for patient empowerment possible or desirable?

Background: Patient empowerment has a history going back to the 1960’s ( Kayser et al. BMC Health Services Research (2019) 19:242) and originates in the movement for greater citizen participation in societal decision-making (e.g. ‘power to the people’). In the decade of the 1970’s there was a related shift in some healthcare thinking.
 While there has been a proliferation of terms, such as citizen engagement, patient participation, patient empowerment, patient activation and so forth, the fundamental underlying principle is the shift from the patient/citizen as a passive recipient of services to the patient /citizen as active, informed participant in their own health and healthcare.
 These shifts have been reflected in health care policy- person/patient centred care, personalised care and integrated care all put forward models of working that are designed to enhance patient empowerment and a shift from a bio-medical model of health care t a more holistic bio- psychosocial model of care
 Although there had been active proponents of this change, especially in parts of Northern Europe it remains a fragile part of health care
 Method: Unlike some health topics, although patient empowerment is often cited, for example in relation to current work on health technology including mHealth, there appears to be no overarching consensus on a strategy for local implementation, nor even how patient empowerment is defined for strategic purposes. This survey aimed to gather information which would, when collated, help to address these issues. To explore the current standing of patient empowerment at the beginning of 2021 a survey of experts including people expert in lived experience was carried out in a number of European countries (the final total was 25 responses from 14 countries) 
 This was followed up in 2022 by a international round table event of people of lived experience, researchers, policy makers and leading experts to explore this issue and to record the discussion as a marker for future thinking about the concept.
 Results and conclusions: Despite significant activity it was clear it was very siloed and y the concept was diversely defined or interpreted in practice.
 We concluded it seems that the majority of respondents from the 14 countries only use aspects of the concept with no common understanding.
 . If there is such a disparate use of terminology, is it meaningful to refer to ‘empowerment’ as a definition of anything? Is there a better term to use for an umbrella concept?
 These findings confirm that concepts such as person centred care, personalised care and patient empowerment have considerable variations in how they are understood.
 This has significant implication for their implementation when there is such diverse understandings at all levels - Macro, Miso and Micro leading to fragmentation and a lack of a unified approach to evaluation.

Evaluation of Perspectives Among Elderly Patients and Their Relatives in Palliative Care Centers in Istanbul

In Turkey, there are not many studies on palliative care and its centers especially for the elderly. In this study, the perspectives of elderly patients and their relatives on palliative care centers were evaluated. It is thought that this study will be a guide for palliative care centers especially for the elderly and will be beneficial in terms of the effectiveness of palliative care practices. Questionnaire method was used in the research. The scale consists of questions measuring demographic information and the evaluation of the perspectives of elderly patients and their relatives on palliative care centers, including the care and treatment of the patient, informing the patient's relatives, perception, interest in the patient's relatives, the effect on the emotionality of the patient's relative, the waiting environment of the palliative care unit, and the decision-making process. A palliative care satisfaction scale consisting of 7 sub-dimensions was used. The population of the research consists of elderly patients receiving palliative care in Istanbul and their relatives. The sample consists of service recipients from the public and private sectors. The research was carried out in 2020-2021. A total of 333 people was reached, including elderly patients and their relatives in Istanbul. According to the findings obtained as a result of the analysis; palliative care satisfaction is positive and 78.75%. The highest mean value of 3.52 (88%) belongs to the dimension of concern for the caring for the patient's relatives Then, respectively, 3.30 (82.5%) care and treatment of patients, 3.26 (81.5%) perception, 3.19 (79.75%) giving information to the patient’s relatives 3.00 (75%) affect to emotion situation of patient’s relatives 2.95 (73.75%) and the decision-making process was 2.94 (73.5%) and Palliative care waiting environment. The highest average caring for the patient's relatives and lowest average palliative care waiting environment. It is seen that to increase the perspective towards palliative care centers in a positive way, improvements should be made in the waiting environments of palliative care centers and patients and their relatives should be included more in the decision-making processes.

Lingering shadows: the negative effects of incivility on volunteers

When faced with incivility from service recipients, do volunteers feel damaged? As few previous studies have explored this issue, this study uses the conservation of resources theory to investigate the mechanisms through which incivility affects volunteer engagement and burnout, based on three-wave survey data from 1675 volunteers. This study develops a moderated mediation model to examine the effect of incivility on volunteer outcomes. We find that incivility affected volunteers’ subsequent outcomes, reducing engagement and increasing volunteer burnout by lowering volunteers’ psychological detachment. Volunteers’ hostile attribution bias played a moderating role, amplifying the negative impact of incivility on psychological detachment. Hostile attribution bias also enhanced the mediating effect of incivility on volunteer engagement and increased volunteer burnout by reducing psychological detachment. Besides developing a moderated mediation model, this study also proposes that managers should pay attention to strengthening volunteer training and providing psychological counseling to improve psychological detachment for volunteers experienced with incivility from service recipients.