Benefit Recipients Research Articles

Optimization of giving employee craft assessment using artificial neural network with Hebb algorithm

One of the most important things in human resource management is employee discipline that can be seen in employee presence. It is very important for companies to set up employee attendance systems properly. In general, benefits - allowances are always associated with employee precession data, so that the results of the calculations became accurate and balanced with employee performance. As is the case with craft benefits, this craft allowance is held for companies to improve employee discipline, especially in presence or presence. Based on the background of the above problems, a problem can be formulated, namely the determination of the model in the process of determining the recipients of employee craft benefits so that the monthly income is optimal and significant. Based on the problem, the authors are interested in redeveloping the final project with the optimization of giving employee craft assessment using the hebb rule neural network method.

The Intergenerational Effects of Requiring Unemployment Benefit Recipients to Engage in Non-Search Activities

We use a quasi-experimental design and national administrative data to analyze the intergenerational effects of introducing non-search activity requirements for unemployment benefit recipients. The Mutual Obligations Initiative (MOI) required people aged 18–34 receiving unemployment benefits to undertake a range of non-search activities (e.g., volunteering, training) in addition to job search. The young adults (aged 23–28) we study were in early adolescence in 1999 when the MOI was introduced. Using a regression discontinuity approach, we find that those young adults whose fathers were subject to the MOI have a lower incidence of unemployment benefit receipt in comparison to those whose fathers were not. More detailed investigation suggests that completion of the mandated activities, role modeling, changes in attitudes, improved health, and greater support and stability are potential channels for this effect.

Unemployment Insurance, Recalls and Experience Rating

In the US, almost half of unemployment spells end through recall. In this paper, we show that the probability of being recalled is much higher among unemployment benefit recipients than non-recipients. We argue that a large part of the observed difference in recall shares is accounted for by the design of the unemployment insurance financing scheme characterized by an experience rating system. We develop a search and matching model with different unemployment insurance status, endogenous separations, recalls and new hires. We quantify what would have been the labor market under alternative financing scheme. In the absence of the experience rating, the hiring and separations would have been higher in the long run and more volatile. Experience rating system contributes significantly to the difference in recalls between the recipients and the non-recipients.

The Effect of Job Search Requirements on Welfare Receipt

Many countries impose job search requirements on unemployment benefit recipients. Existing studies have evaluated only incremental changes to requirements. Australian reforms in 1995 saw groups of welfare recipients newly subjected to job search requirements, allowing us to produce the first causal estimates of the total effects of such requirements on welfare receipt. Using a quasi-experimental design and administrative data, we find large negative effects on welfare receipt for the mature-age partnered women targeted by the reforms. We also find large negative effects on welfare receipt of their partners, suggesting family labour supply decisions were considerably affected.

The Effect of Job Search Requirements on Welfare Receipt

Many countries impose job search requirements on unemployment benefit recipients. Existing studies have evaluated only incremental changes to requirements. Australian reforms in 1995 saw groups of welfare recipients newly subjected to job search requirements, allowing us to produce the first causal estimates of the total effects of such requirements on welfare receipt. Using a quasi-experimental design and administrative data, we find large negative effects on welfare receipt for the mature-age partnered women targeted by the reforms. We also find large negative effects on welfare receipt of their partners, suggesting family labour supply decisions were considerably affected.

Unintended Consequences of Welfare Reform: Evidence from Birth Outcomes of Aboriginal Australians

Australia's 'income management' policy requires benefit recipients to spend at least half of their government transfers on essentials (e.g. food, housing). We estimate income management's impact on birth outcomes by exploiting its staggered rollout. By changing parents' consumption patterns, the policy aims to improve child outcomes. We find no evidence of this. Instead, our estimates suggest it reduced average birthweight by 95 grams and increased the probability of low birthweight by 3 percentage points. We explore the mechanisms that may explain this finding. Our study demonstrates how policies that are not carefully implemented and tested can unintentionally escalate existing inequalities.

The Intergenerational Effects of Requiring Unemployment Benefit Recipients to Engage in Non-Search Activities

We use a quasi-experimental design and national administrative data to analyze the intergenerational effects of introducing non-search activity requirements for unemployment benefit recipients. The Mutual Obligations Initiative (MOI) required people aged 18–34 receiving unemployment benefits to undertake a range of non-search activities (e.g., volunteering, training) in addition to job search. The young adults (aged 23–28) we study were in early adolescence in 1999 when the MOI was introduced. Using a regression discontinuity approach, we find that those young adults whose fathers were subject to the MOI have a lower incidence of unemployment benefit receipt in comparison to those whose fathers were not. More detailed investigation suggests that completion of the mandated activities, role modeling, changes in attitudes, improved health, and greater support and stability are potential channels for this effect.

COVID-19’s Socioeconomic Impact on Low-Income Benefit Recipients: Early Evidence from Tracking Surveys

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has introduced manifold dislocations in Americans’ lives. Using novel survey data samples of Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) recipients and U.S. Census Bureau Household Pulse Survey data, the authors examine the incidence of COVID-19-induced hardships among low-income/benefits-eligible households during the early months of the crisis. Five repeated online surveys of SNAP recipients measured perceived and realized housing insecurity, food scarcity, new debt accrual, and recent job loss. These data were supplemented by creating parallel measures among all low-income households from Household Pulse Survey. Food insecurity and debt accrual grew more prevalent between from April to June 2020, and job losses compounded. Although the magnitude of racial differences varies across indicators and data sources, black respondents fared consistently worse than non-Hispanic whites in both survey data sets, and Latinx respondents fared worse than whites in the Household Pulse Survey. These results provide early systematic evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on poor Americans and racial disparities therein.

Long-Term Effects of Individual Placement and Support Services for Disability Benefits Recipients with Severe Mental Illnesses

This paper examines a broad set of short- and long-term impacts of Individual Placement and Support (IPS) for disability benefit recipients with severe mental disabilities. IPS is a specific intervention that first aims to place an individual in employment and subsequently trains the worker on the job. We compare the outcomes for IPS-recipients to a control group that received traditional vocational rehabilitation (TVR) services. We use administrative data to apply difference-in-difference estimation on a matched sample of 513 IPS recipients and almost 23,000 TVR-recipients in the Netherlands. Our results show that from six months after the start of the treatment onwards employment probabilities of IPS participants significantly outperform those of TVR participants. The higher probability to be in competitive employment does not come at the expense of fewer work in sheltered employment or trial periods. Nor do they come at the expense of shorter working hours or lower wages. The share of people on disability benefits declines equally in both group for quite some time after the start of the intervention but there is some indication that the benefit dependency in the long run declines faster for IPS recipients. Effects regarding medical costs are not statistically significant.

E- HRM Practices in the IT Industry with Special Reference to the State of Karnataka

Human resource management is constantly evolving into a technology-based service provider to their employees. In today’s organizations, employees see the face of HR as an Intranet portal rather than a human on the other side. This transformation of Human Resource services through technology is now being coined as E-HRM or electronic human resource. The Use of E-HRM in today’s Organizations, are in many function areas such as training and development, performance management systems, hiring and employee self-service. Organisations who adopt HR technology tools outperform those that do not. Interestingly early on the HR department was the last recipient of IT benefits in any organization, it started from keeping the database of the employees. In the present scenario employees are considered as the strategic partners of the organization and the use of high-end software have changed the face of HR departments and a new term has been coined as E-HRM. This present paper tries to evaluate the role of E-HRM in IT companies and also to measure the acceptance and effectiveness of the same at the different levels of management.

Worth beyond Work? Civic Engagement and Social Support Provision of Benefit Recipients

ABSTRACTChanges in government assistance laws over the last 30 years reflect concern that government benefits cause dependency. Public discourse classifies able-bodied, non-working individuals as “undeserving” of government assistance and the literature focuses on whether individuals receiving government assistance contribute to society by engaging in paid work. This study investigates if 120 residents of a low-resource community receiving more government assistance contribute to society at the same rates as those receiving less. Multivariate regression analysis results show that receiving more forms of government assistance is not associated with the degrees of civic engagement and social support provided, demonstrating equal social contributions.

Frontline implementation of welfare conditionality in Norway: A maternalistic practice

AbstractWelfare conditionality is both ambitious and ambiguous for the frontline workers who put policy into practice. Since January 2017, the Norwegian frontline service should require social assistance benefit recipients under the age of 30 to participate in some sort of work‐related activation, so‐called mandatory activation. Drawing on qualitative interviews with frontline workers at local offices in the Norwegian Public Welfare Service (NAV), we investigate how the requirement is implemented in a context of a professionalised social welfare service. Mandatory activation is arguably a paternalistic measure. Drawing on Bernardo Zacka's concept of moral dispositions and Laura Specker Sullivan's concepts of maternalism, our findings indicate that at the frontline, mandatory activation policies are implemented by maternalistic decision making, emphasising the interpersonal relation between trained caseworkers and clients. The caseworkers use their discretionary powers in the implementation of conditionality and sanctions by emphasising care and support as embedded in the strict rules.

Socioeconomic inequalities in metabolic syndrome in the French West Indies

BackgroundObesity and metabolic diseases represent a major health burden in the Caribbean, particularly since a large part of the population is disadvantaged. However, socioeconomic inequalities in chronic diseases are poorly explored in this region. We investigated the association between socioeconomic position and metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence and explored the contribution of diet quality to explain this association, among adults in the French West Indies.MethodsThis cross-sectional analysis included 1144 subjects (≥16 y) from a multistage sampling survey conducted in 2013–2014 on a representative sample of the Guadeloupean and Martinican population. MetS prevalence was assessed using the Joint Interim Statement. Dietary intakes were estimated from 24 h-dietary recalls, and diet quality was assessed through the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Associations between socioeconomic indicators (education, employment, social assistance benefits) and MetS prevalence, and the potential contribution of diet quality in this association were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsMetS prevalence adjusted for age and sex was 21 and 30% among Guadeloupean and Martinican, respectively. Compared to high-educated participants, low-educated subjects were more likely to be at risk of MetS (OR = 2.4; 95%CI = [1.3–4.4], respectively), as were recipients of social assistance benefits compared to non-recipients (OR = 2.0; 95%CI = [1.0–4.0]). The DQI-I explained 10.5% of the overall variation in MetS due to education.ConclusionsSocioeconomic inequalities in MetS prevalence, reflected by education and social assistance benefits, were found. However, diet quality contributed only to socioeconomic inequalities due to education underlining that education may impact health through the ability to generate overall dietary behavior, long-term beneficial. Our work identified subgroups with higher risk of MetS, which is needed when implementing public health measures, particularly in this Caribbean population with of high poverty rates. Further prospective studies are needed to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of social inequalities in MetS in a high poverty rates context.

EFEKTIVITAS SOSIALISASI MODUL KESEHATAN PROGRAM FAMILY DEVELOPMENT SESSION DALAM MEMBENTUK SIKAP KELUARGA PENERIMA MANFAAT

This study was originated from the high rate of poverty and malnutrition in the southern part of Bogor, especially at Cikaret district. This research was conducted in order to analyze the level of effectiveness of communication in the socialization of the health module Within the Family Development Session program (FDS program). This study also analyses how the attitude of family benefit recipients in Cikaret South Bogor and determine the influence of communication effectiveness In socializing the health module of the FDS program against the attitude of the family beneficiaries. This research uses one independent variable, namely the effectiveness of communication and one dependent variable namely the attitude. The indicators used to measure the variables of effective communication is credibility, message content, clarity of message, and channel. The indicators used to measure the attitude variable of the recipient family benefits, are willingness, identification, and internalization. This research was conducted at Cikaret district in October 2018 to March 2019. This study uses a random technique based on the area (Cluster Sampling), meaning that the sampling was done based on groups or specific areas with a total of 100 beneficiary families. Analytical tools used in this research is regression analysis. Questionnaire, interview, and observation were used as data collecting techniques. This research applies two data analysing techniques, the descriptive statistical analysis technique and the statistical analysis non-parametric technique. The results of this research show that there is a positive and significant influence between the effectiveness of communication in the socialization of the health module of the Family Development Session program against the attitude of the family beneficiaries reaching 65.8%, while the rest of 34.2% influenced by other factors not present in this study. Keywords : Effectiveness Of Communication, Socialization, Family Development Session, Attitude

Work, welfare, and wellbeing: The impacts of welfare conditionality on people with mental health impairments in the UK

AbstractThe personal, economic, and social costs of mental ill health are increasingly acknowledged by many governments and international organisations. Simultaneously, in high‐income nations, the reach of welfare conditionality has extended to encompass many people with mental health impairments as part of on‐going welfare reforms. This is particularly the case in the UK where, especially since the introduction of Employment and Support Allowance in 2008, the rights and responsibilities of disabled people have been subject to contestation and redefinition. Following a review of the emergent international evidence on mental health and welfare conditionality, this paper explores two specific issues. First, the impacts of the application of welfare conditionality on benefit claimants with mental health impairments. Second, the effectiveness of welfare conditionality in supporting people with experience of mental ill health into paid work. In considering these questions, this paper presents original analysis of data generated in qualitative longitudinal interviews with 207 UK social security benefit recipients with experience of a range of mental health issues. The evidence suggests that welfare conditionality is largely ineffective in moving people with mental health impairments into, or closer to, paid work. Indeed, in many cases, it triggers negative health outcomes that make future employment less likely. It is concluded that the application of conditionality for people with mental health issues is inappropriate and should cease.

Does diet quality mediate socioeconomic differences in metabolic syndrome in the French West Indies?

Abstract Background Obesity and metabolic diseases represent a major health burden in the Caribbean, particularly since a large part of the population is disadvantaged. However, socioeconomic inequalities in chronic diseases are poorly explored in this region, and the contribution of diet to explain these inequalities has not yet been studied. We investigated the association between socioeconomic position and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and explored whether this association was mediated by diet quality in the French West Indies. Methods This cross-sectional analysis included 1,144 adults (≥16 y) from a multistage sampling survey, representative of the Guadeloupean and Martinican population. The prevalence of MetS was assessed using the Joint Interim Statement. Dietary intakes were estimated using 24hours dietary recalls, and diet quality was assessed through the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Associations between socioeconomic indicators (education, employment, social assistance benefits) and prevalence of MetS, and the potential mediating effect of diet quality in this association were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic factors. Results MetS prevalence adjusted for age and sex was 21% and 30% among Guadeloupean and Martinican, respectively. Compared to those with a high education level, low- and middle-educated subjects were more likely to be at risk of MetS (OR = 1.9; 95%CI = [1.0-3.6] and OR = 2.7; 95%CI = [1.4-5.1], respectively), as were recipients of social assistance benefits compared to non-recipients (OR = 2.2; 95%CI = [1.1-4.2]). The DQI-I explained 11% of the overall variation in MetS due to education. Conclusions Socioeconomic inequalities in MetS prevalence were found in a Caribbean population but diet quality contributed only to socioeconomic inequalities due to education. Future public health measures need to target specifically populations with limited financial resources and low education. Key messages Our work identified subgroups with higher risk of MetS, which is needed when implementing public health measures, particularly in this Caribbean population with of high poverty rates. Diet quality contributed only to socioeconomic inequalities due to education underlining that education may impact health through the ability to generate overall dietary behavior, long-term beneficial.

PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI DANA DESA : SEBUAH KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH ACEH BARAT

This study aims to find out the implementation of West Aceh Regent Regulations Number 27 of 2017 concerning Guidelines for Community Economic Empowerment through Village Funds in Johan Pahlawan District. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods and used the theories of Van Metter and Van Horn. The indicators consist of standards and policy objectives, policy resources, communication between related organizations and implementing activities, characteristics of implementing agents, social and political-economic conditions and attitudes of implementers or implementers. The results showed that the implementation of West Aceh Regent Regulation No. 27 of 2017 concerning Guidelines for Community Economic Empowerment through Village Funds in Johan Pahlawan Sub-District especially in Leuhan Village, Padang Seurahet Village, and Blang Beurandang Village had been carried out in accordance with the provisions of West Aceh Regent Regulation Number 27 the Year 2017. This is evidenced by the implementation of 2 (two) policy indicators, namely the distribution of empowerment assistance from village gampong to the community in accordance with policy standards and objectives, and human resources and the budget is adequate so that the response from the community is very enthusiastic about community economic empowerment activities through village funds. But in the implementation of West Aceh Regent Regulation Number 27 Year 2017 there are still 4 (four) obstacles based on the Van Meter and Van Horn theory, namely lack of socialization to the community so that the gampong community does not understand the standards, objectives and implementation mechanisms of West Aceh Regent Regulation Number 27 of 2017 and lack of communication and coordination between implementing agents of economic empowerment in 2017 with the current gampong government, then guidance and supervision not carried out thoroughly by policy implementers at the District and District levels, and implementers of empowerment activities at the village level did not fully carry out the verification process. towards empowerment proposals submitted by the community there are still some beneficiaries who are not eligible to be given economic empowerment assistance funds and are not strict enough to the recipients of economic empowerment benefits that cause low levels of compliance community beneficiaries of economic empowerment against sanctions and agreed conditions, then the external political environment that is not conducive is caused by-elections in 2017 where there is a change of regent, as well as lack of support and commitment from the implementing party at the village level to the implementation of regent regulations West Aceh Number 27 of 2017

Food insecurity in Europe: Who is at risk, and how successful are social benefits in protecting against food insecurity?

AbstractFood insecurity in Europe has recently received increasing research and political attention. Yet, considerable gaps remain in our understanding: the demographic groups most at risk, the role of social benefit receipt, and whether higher-value social benefits protect against food insecurity among recipients all remain unknown. Multilevel models were used to examine food insecurity in 63,168 adults from 27 countries included in the European Quality of Life Survey in 2007 and 2011. Food insecurity was more prevalent among people with lower incomes, women, older people, renters, one-person and lone-parent households, those with lower education, people with disabilities, and those outside the labour market. Although food insecurity was concentrated at low incomes, income and food insecurity were imperfectly associated. The role of social benefit receipt was equivocal: food insecurity was not associated with pension or child benefit receipt, but was significantly more prevalent among out-of-work and all social benefit recipients, which may reflect eligibility rules and benefit conditionality. Furthermore, higher-value social benefits were not associated with lower risks of food insecurity across the different recipient groups, either because their value is insufficient, or because social benefits are unable to fully mitigate the individual and structural risk factors for food insecurity in Europe.

Labour Market Participation for Young People with Disabilities: The Impact of Gender and Higher Education

To what extent does higher education promote labour market participation for disabled people in school-to-work transitions and early career trajectories? This article argues that the effect of higher education on labour market outcomes for disabled people must be studied in correlation to gender. Intersectional theory warns against the generalisability of the female and male experiences, and predicts that disability may influence sexism, and that gender may influence disableism. Norwegian full-population register data on recipients of disability benefits are used to explore the effect of higher education on three labour market outcomes for men and women with disabilities. Contrary to common intersectionality expectations, the results show that men experience more extreme employment disadvantages related to their disabilities than women. Higher education has a stronger effect on participation for disabled women than for disabled men. However, gender differences in participation are smaller for people with disabilities than for the general population.

Impact of PUAP Programs against Rice Farmer’s Income in Kupang District of East Nusa Tenggara Province

Rural Agribusiness Development Program (PUAP) is a breakthrough program from Ministry of Agriculture for poverty reduction and job creation, while reducing the development gap between regions and regional centers and sub-sectors. The purpose of this study is on the impact of the PUAP program on analyze the income of rice farmers direct benefit recipients community (BLM) PUAP. The PUAP Program impact on Farmers income were analyzed using t-test, farm income analysis and linear regression model. The analysis showed PUAP program significantly affect farmer’s income.