Assistance Recipients Research Articles

Government assistance and family charitable giving: Comparing urban and rural residents in China

AbstractUsing data from the 2016 China Family Panel Studies, this paper examines the relationship between government assistance, urban/rural residency, and charitable giving. The results indicate that urban/rural residency moderates the relationship between government assistance and charitable giving in China. Urban residents who do not receive government assistance are much more likely to donate to charity than their rural counterparts. While urban residents with government assistance also show a higher likelihood of giving than government assistance recipients in the rural area, the difference is much smaller than that between the urban and rural non‐recipients. More interestingly, the results show that although urban residents without government assistance donate more to charity, those who receive a high amount of government assistance on average donate less to charity than their rural counterparts.

Security assistance, securitization, security systems, and insecurity in the Mediterranean mashriq and maghreb

ABSTRACT The Middle East and North Africa, of which the southern and eastern Mediterranean sub-region constitutes the bulk of the population and territory, is the world’s most securitized region. It is also the leading recipient of security assistance but provides the least security of any global region. A related paradox is that this region, the states of which are the world’s least democratic, receives the bulk of its security assistance from democracies. This article draws upon the causes and consequences of these two paradoxes to investigate relationships between securitization, security systems, and insecurity in the Mediterranean and broader MENA region. These paradoxes are products of historical legacies and limited access orders that characterize the region’s political economies. They are key drivers of ‘Faustian Bargains’ between providers and recipients of security assistance and the costs of those relationships. The article concludes with a review of proposals to improve the balance of costs and benefits of SA, recommending a dual strategy of seeking to reform recipients’ civil–military relations while changing military roles and responsibilities of both partners in security assistance relationships.

Dampak Pemanfaatan Lahan Pekarangan Pada Kegiatan Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (Krpl) Terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Di Kabupaten Asahan

The Impact of Yard Land Utilization on Sustainable Food House Area Activities (KRPL) on Increasing Household Income in Asahan Regency”. The purpose of this study was to analyze the household income of the social assistance beneficiary group before and after optimizing the use of yard land through the Sustainable Food House Area (KRPL) and to analyze the impact of home garden use on the Sustainable Food House Area (KRPL) activities on increasing household income of the beneficiary group in Tinggi Raja Village, Tinggi Raja District, Asahan Regency. This research uses a survey method. The method of determining the sample is determined randomly (random sampling) which makes the yard as a side income by the object of research. To test the difference in household income of the social assistance recipient group before and after the optimization of the use of yard land through the Sustainable Food House Area (KRPL), the t-test was used. Respondent's household income in Tinggi Raja Village, Tinggi Raja District, Asahan Regency before participating in KRPL was an average of Rp.1,500,000,-/month and after participating in KRPL an average of Rp.2,240,000,-/Month. KRPL activities have a positive impact on increasing the household income of respondents. The results of the t test obtained a t-count value of 9.448 with a sig (2-tailed) of 0.000 at a 95% confidence level (sig (2-tailed) = 0.000 0.05) concluded that there is a significant difference between the household income of respondents before and after participating in KRPL activities in Tinggi Raja Village, Tinggi Raja District, Asahan Regency.

Negative ageism and compassionate ageism in news coverage of older people under COVID-19: how did the pandemic progression and public health responses associate with different news themes?

AbstractPrevious studies have found negative ageing narratives in the media during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, few have focused on compassionate ageism and how the news responded to the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated (a) media themes of negative and compassionate ageism and (b) their relationships with COVID-19 parameters and the public health response. The sample included 1,197 articles relevant to COVID-19 and older people in Hong Kong published between January and December 2020. We used thematic analysis to identify themes from the news articles and structural equation modelling to explore these themes' relationship with the number of older people infected, effective reproduction number, number of COVID-19 deaths and public health response parallel in time. Pandemic-related variables were lagged for a day – the time needed to be reflected in the news. Two negative ageism themes portrayed older people as vulnerable to COVID-19 but counterproductive in combating the pandemic. Two compassionate ageism themes depicted older people as a homogenous group of passive assistance recipients. The themeblaming older peoplewas associated with the number of confirmed infections (β = 0.418,p= 0.002) butvulnerability of older peoplewas not associated with pandemic-related variables. The themehelping older peoplewas negatively associated with the percentage of older people in confirmed infections (β = −0.155,p= 0.019). The themeresources availablewas negatively associated with confirmed infections (β = −0.342,p< 0.001) but positively associated with the Containment and Health Index (β = 0.217,p= 0.005). Findings suggested that negative and compassionate ageism were translated into narratives about older people in the media as the pandemic evolved but did not address the actual risk they faced. Media professionals should be aware of the potential negative and compassionate ageism prompted by the news agenda and promote adequate health behaviours and responses.

Exploring the Sociodemographic Characteristics and Staple Food Consumption Patterns of Low-Income People in Kendari City, Indonesia

The city's attractiveness encourages urbanization, namely the movement of people from rural to urban areas. Urbanization accompanied by a transition to diet will significantly impact the food system. This study aims to analyze low-income people's sociodemographic characteristics and consumption patterns. This research was conducted in Kendari City. Data collection was carried out in October-November 2021. Determining the research location began by selecting densely populated residential areas in Kendari City. Based on the Geographic Information System (GIS) results, dense residential blocks were obtained in Mandonga District, namely several Neighborhood Units (RT) in Korumba Village and residential blocks in several RTs in Petoaha Village, Abeli District, which are on the coast of Kendari Bay. The low-income people (LIP) population was obtained from data on Social Assistance recipients in each sample village. The total sample is 20% of the population, covering 194 household respondents and extracting data and information using a combination of the food recall and weighing methods. The variables in this study are sociodemographic characteristics, including age, education, number of family members, and gender; house and Yard, as well as variables related to food sources of carbohydrates consumed by MBR households in the last 3 (three) days, including the type, quantity, price, and expenditure of food. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner, with cross-tabulations and percentages. The results showed that the respondents were at an average age of 44.91 years, the length of schooling was 8.27 years, the number of family members was 4 (four), and most were women, reaching 150 people. Most respondents have houses made of planks (wood), namely 97 people, with yards that have not been fully utilized for agricultural activities. The staple food consumption pattern of the respondent's family is dominated by rice (0.48 kg), and the amount of consumption of sago and cassava is minimal, only 0.07 kg and 0.05 kg, respectively. The most significant expenditure for food sources of carbohydrates is to buy rice, which is IDR 4,756/day. Therefore, policies are needed to encourage urban agricultural activities and revitalize the utilization of non-rice staple foods. Need to be disseminated. One form is not assisting in the form of rice to LIP when there is a government assistance program.

Socio-economical Characteristics and Determinants of Indonesian National Health Insurance Subsidized By The Government in Jakarta

The National Health Insurance Program (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional - JKN) is a social health insurance managed by the National Health Insurance Agency (Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan – BPJS Kesehatan), aiming to provide health insurance for all Indonesian people. Community groups that receive subsidies from the government are referred to as Contribution Assistance Recipients (Penerima Bantuan Iuran - PBI) participants. One of the issues regarding the JKN program so far is the inaccuracy of PBI targets. Therefore, a study is needed to evaluate the relationship between JKN PBI ownership with their socioeconomic status and history of receiving social aid.

Reciprocal relations between financial hardship, sense of societal belonging and mental health for social assistance recipients

This study assesses the extent to which reciprocal relations exist between financial hardship, sense of societal belonging and mental health for social assistance recipients. This provides crucial information on how a desired change in these outcomes may be realized, and which factors to target to improve recipients' disadvantaged situation most. In order to answer our research question, we drew on three-wave panel data (N = 348) from a social experiment in the municipality of Nijmegen, the Netherlands, which ran from December 2017 to January 2020. The data were analyzed using cross-lagged panel models. Our findings show that financial hardship and sense of societal belonging did not predict change in recipients' mental health. A better mental health at baseline, in contrast, predicted an increase in sense of societal belonging one and two years later. In addition, both a better mental health and a stronger sense of societal belonging at baseline predicted a decrease in financial hardship one year later, but this relation was not found between other waves. These findings emphasize that improving recipients’ mental health may be a promising policy strategy to improve their situation.

Employment success of social assistance recipients: A provincial analysis by industry.

Poverty continues to burden millions of Canadians each year, and social assistance (SA) is one program that provides last-resort financial assistance, conditional upon looking for and accepting work. Using tax panel data of SA recipients from across seven Canadian regions between 2000 and 2018, we model the probabilities of employment success (ES) across industry of employment, SA benefit amounts, unionization, and individual-level characteristics. We adopt an economic stance to explain reliance upon SA, examining the broader macroeconomic indicators of ES, and to demonstrate the factors associated with exiting SA. We find that many SA recipients do not present evidence of recent employment, indicating a disconnect between stated SA program aims and their outcomes. We provide evidence for increased SA benefits and unionization as significant predictors of ES of SA recipients.

The Role of YLBHI-LBH Semarang in Providing Legal Aid to Victims of the Omnibus Law Demonstration: A Discourse of Freedom of Expression and Press in Indonesia

Legal aid is the provision of legal aid services to those who can afford achievements or to give voluntarily to the poor. The provision of Legal Aid is an advocate profession. The provision of legal assistance provides a sense of peace of mind to the recipients of legal assistance. The purpose of this paper is to determine the function and authority of the Indonesian Legal Aid Foundation as a provider of Legal Aid and the problems faced by the Indonesian Legal Aid Foundation in accompanying victims of omnibus law demonstrations. This study aims to analyze the role of YLBHI-LBH Semarang in providing protection for victims. In addition, this study also analyzes the rights of citizens in expressing and expressing opinions in the context of freedom of opinion and the press in Indonesia. This study found that in terms of victim protection, especially demonstrations by legal aid agencies, there were many obstacles, especially repression from law enforcement officials. In addition, journalists and the press, including the legal aid press, are also often under pressure, ranging from threats, persecution, to damaging the press media on the ground. In fact, freedom of the press and victim protection are guaranteed in Indonesian law.

Application of Profile Matching in Determining the Feasibility of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

UMKM is short for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. MSME is a productive business that stands alone, whether carried out by individuals or business entities that do not choose a company. SMEs are distinguished based on each type of business, namely micro, small and medium enterprises. The provision of MSME assistance is one of the problems faced by the Office of Cooperatives, UMKM, Industry and Trade of Muaro Bungo in determining who is truly entitled to receive MSME assistance. One of the main problem factors that inhibits the development of MSMEs to become more advanced is limited capital. Based on these problems, it is necessary to have a Decision Support System (DSS) that can overcome these problems by using the Profile Matching method. SPK is the implementation of an information system that is intended to assist leaders in the decision-making process. The profile matching method is a method that compares the actual data value of a profile to be assessed with the expected profile value selected to be applied to a decision support system for determining the eligibility of MSMEs. This method is used as a criterion for rating MSME support in Muaro Bungo. Which has the final result in the form of a ranking obtained from the calculation of the SMART method, namely An Nisaa UKM selected as an alternative based on the sample data obtained, is eligible for MSME assistance in Muaro Bungo. The aim of the research is that the cooperative office can distribute assistance to business actors who really deserve it, so that with a web-based decision support system it determines the eligibility of recipients of MSME assistance according to and objectively.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

На сучасному етапі розвитку українського суспільства великого значення набуває соціальна політика держави, яка охоплює різні сфери життєдіяльності людей, зокрема, і соціальну. З огляду на це, дуже важливим є вдосконалення теоретичних і практичних засад соціальної політики. Обґрунтовано особливості соціальної політики України в умовах воєнного стану, а саме: запропоновано авторське тлумачення поняття «соціальна політика»; визначено мету, цілі, суб’єкт і об’єкт соціальної політики в умовах воєнного стану; проаналізовано існуючі завдання соціальної політики й окреслено сучасні завдання, які б відповідали умовам сьогодення; розглянуто основні іноземні моделі соціальної політики і запропоновано найбільш вдалу, на наш погляд, для української економіки; досліджено динаміку основних показників державних соціальних гарантій; наведено напрями реалізації соціальної політики, які сьогодні є актуальними. Запропоновано розглядати поняття «соціальна політика» як діяльність держави і суспільства з метою визначення й задоволення потреб та інтересів громадян і соціальних груп нашої держави. Для більш чіткого розуміння основних категорій державних соціальних гарантій проаналізовано динаміку основних показників соціально-економічного становища України з січня 2021 р. по жовтень 2022 р. Запропоновано такі актуальні напрями розвитку ефективної соціальної політики в сучасних умовах війни: підтримка добробуту українських родин, необхідність максимального стимулювання виходу на ринок праці людей, які отримують соціальну допомогу від держави; мікрокредитування для відкриття власного бізнесу; подолання бідності; тощо. Показано, що соціальна політика повинна спрямовуватися на забезпечення добробуту громадян через надання їм можливості отримати необхідні матеріальні, культурні й духовні блага.

Fisheries community response of implementation leading program for prosperity cards in the field of education, health, ambulance and futures in Gorontalo City

The community always supervises the implementation of development programs and always focuses on a hope, namely the creation of economic justice and social justice. The welfare development strategy is certainly very useful, but the community as the beneficiaries of the assistance also responds in the form of support and criticism. The people who became the research informants were the recipients of the Prosperous Card assistance. Primary data obtained by observation, in-depth interviews (in-depth interviews). Secondary data comes from books and research journals published online and in print. Data analysis by transcribing the data, reading the entire data, analyzing it in detail and describing it holistically-integratively. The results of the study indicate that the Prosperous Family Card can be interpreted as a program aimed at meeting all forms of life needs, getting a positive response from the community, especially basic ones such as food, clothing, education and health care, taking into account the components in community welfare, including improvement progressively from the conditions of human life, human resource development, human-oriented, social change and adjustment.

Penentuan Kelayakan Masyarakat Miskin Penerima Bantuan Menggunakan Metode Naïve Bayes (Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara)

Contents Poverty is the inability to meet the necessities of life, such as food, clothing, and shelter. The poor have an average monthly per capita expenditure below the poverty line. The case of poverty in Indonesia is still unresolved; the Government continues to try to give the best to the entire community so that the problem of poverty can at least continue to decrease. One form of government concern for the poor is the assistance program provided to the poor. This study will classify based on data from the North Penajam Paser (PPU) community obtained from the results of the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) to know how the Naïve Bayes method is in determining the eligibility of the poor recipients of assistance. Based on the research that has been carried out, a system for determining the poor recipients of assistance is produced, where the test results get the highest accuracy in the third scenario, namely 60% or 328 training data and 40% or 218 test data, where the accuracy obtained is 77.98%.

Smoking Behaviour and Its Impact on the Quality of Life of the Beneficiary Families of Social Assistance Funds in East Java, Indonesia

The government implements social assistance programs for poor families and vulnerable groups. Therefore, the implementation is still facing various challenges. One of the toughest challenges is smoking behaviour. As the income has been increasing, the cigarette’s expense is also high. Cigarette’s expenditure substitutes other basic needs, such as nutritional foods, health, and education expenses. This study analyses smoking behaviour in social assistance recipients and its impact on quality of life. By using qualitative method, particularly the Rapid Assessment Procedure, data were obtained through in-depth interviews. The study uses purposive method to collect samples in East Java, both Malang City and Kediri Regency. Results show that all the informants have family members who were heavy smokers. The daily cigarette’s expenditure of social assistance’s recipients was significant compared to their daily expenses. It substitutes basic needs expenses and affects their quality of life specifically for nutritional, health, and child’s education status. Furthermore, due to nicotine addiction, it is very difficult for smokers to reduce the number of cigarette consumption, even though at difficult economies. Smoking behaviour also leads to family conflicts. It is important to regulate social assistance recipients who still disburse their budget for temptation goods such as cigarette. In addition, government must inform the negative impacts of smoking, as well as promote the healthy life behaviour using the existing program, Family Capacity Building Meeting/Pertemuan Peningkatan Kemampuan Keluarga (P2K2). As part of effective solutions to reduce smoking prevalence, unaffordable cigarette price is important due to lowering the consumption of addictive product.

The trend in quality of life of Chinese population: analysis based on population health surveys from 2008 to 2020

BackgroundQuality of life (QoL) is one of the most important indicators for evaluating an individual’s overall health status. However, evidence exploring the trend in QoL of the Chinese population is still lacking. This study aimed to investigate the trend in QoL of the Chinese population measured by the EQ-5D from 2008 to 2020, as well as compare the changing trends in QoL categorized by populations with different socio-demographic characteristics.MethodsData were obtained from the 2008, 2013, and 2020 waves of the Health Services Surveys conducted in Tianjin, China. Respondents completed the EQ-5D (EQ-5D-3L in 2008 and 2013 and EQ-5D-5L in 2020) through face-to-face interviews or self-administration. Responses of the EQ-5D-3L in 2008 and 2013 were mapped onto the EQ-5D-5L responses, and then converted to utility values using the Chinese value set. The trend in QoL was explored by comparing the percentage of any reported problems on each EQ-5D dimension and the corresponding utility values across the three waves. Subgroup analyses were performed to compare trends in utility values stratified by socio-demographic indicators. The effect of the time variable (year) on utility values was assessed by multiple linear regression analyses using the pooled data.ResultsBy analyzing and comparing the three waves of the data (N = 25,939 in the 2008 wave, N = 22,138 in 2013, and N = 19,177 in 2020), an upward trend was observed in the percentages of reporting problems on all five dimensions (p < 0.001), resulting in a decreasing trend in utility values (2008: 0.948, 2013: 0.942, 2020: 0.939, p < 0.001). Utility values declined more over time among the female, the elder, the recipients of medical assistance, the widowed, the unemployed, and respondents with primary or lower education. The effect of the year (Coef. for 2013 = − 0.009, p < 0.001; Coef. for 2020 = − 0.010, p < 0.001) confirmed the downward trend in the utility values.ConclusionsThe overall QoL of the Chinese population decreased over the period from 2008 to 2020. The QoL of the disadvantaged or vulnerable populations in terms of socioeconomic characteristics declined more over time.

Penerapan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor Untuk Klasifikasi Rumah Layak Atau Tidak Layak Huni (Studi Kasus: Desa Bulu Kecamatan Kraksaan Kabupaten Probolinggo)

The house is a need that must be met, in addition to food and clothing needs, as well as an indicator of community welfare, to create a safe, comfortable and healthy living environment. The government provides social rehabilitation assistance to the community for uninhabitable houses by helping to buy building materials so they can rehabilitate homes that are not proper. In Bulu Village there are still many places to live that are categorized as uninhabitable houses. This is because of the community's income factor and limited knowledge about the function of the house, as well as facilities and infrastructure that make it increasingly difficult to realize livable dwellings. This research uses the K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm for the classification of decent or uninhabitable homes which aims to provide convenience in determining prospective recipients of social rehabilitation assistance for uninhabitable houses with accurate results and minimizing mistargeting. The results of this study are an average accuracy of 96.25% with a standard deviation of 5.73% in the 7th model test using 10-fold cross-validation with odd k and validation and evaluation of results with the confusion matrix getting an accuracy value of 100%, the precision value is 100%, the recall value is 100%, and the f-measure value is 100% with k = 13.

Analisis Implementasi Pelayanan Penerima Bantuan Iuran (PBI) di Puskesmas Bromo Kecamatan Medan Denai

BPJS is a public legal entity that is specifically assigned by the government to administer health care insurance for all Indonesian people, especially for the poor so that with the existence of BPJS for health, it is hoped that it can increase equity for all levels of society to access health services easily and not just prioritizing only those who are financially able. The high and low quality of public health is closely related to several supporting factors which include environmental factors, community behavior, and the level of health services which are interrelated between one problem and another. The purpose of this study was to see how the Bromo Health Center, Medan Denai District, implements services for recipients of contribution assistance (PBI) and what are the obstacles to implementing contribution assistance recipients (PBI). The research method that will be used in this study is an observational research method with a cross sectional approach which will be carried out in Medan City in 2022. From interviews with interviewees and BPJS participants it is clear that health services for BPJS PBI users at the Bromo Health Center, Kec. Medan Denai based on Presidential Regulation Number 62 of 2020 concerning Health Insurance Amendments to Presidential Regulation Number 82 of 2018 concerning Health Insurance have not run optimally.&#x0D; Keywords: SJSN, Puskesmas, BPJS

An Intelligent Decision Making System for Prospective Recipients of Cash Transfer (Bantuan Langsung Tunai) Using Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method

Bantuan Langsung Tunai (BLT) or cash transfer is the government's commitment to help underprivileged communities and to improve the economy along with improving the quality of life of underprivileged families. With BLT, it can help people to meet their daily needs. The responsibility of the government, especially in rural areas, is a problem which must be faced by the village administration, especially the village head. The village head has a responsibility towards the people in the village, and the village head is a government official at the village level who is tasked with distributing BLT. BLT funds are sourced from the Village Fund which has been distributed by the central government to help village communities affected by an unstable economy. This research was conducted with the aim of determining prospective recipients of BLT using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method. The Simple Additive Weighting method is used because this method connects attribute values, where the value must be raised to the power of the attribute's weight value. In determining the recipient of BLT, there are many criteria which must be owned by the Community as a condition for obtaining BLT. The criteria used are the size of the house, floors, walls, toilet facilities, house electricity, water sources, cooking fuel, consumption of meat, clothing, and the number of meals per day. The recipients of BLT amounted to 29 households from 50 families. From the results of the 50 Alternative Tests, the results of V1 with a value above 0.5 as the alternative were selected as recipients of direct cash assistance.

Corporate Social Responsibility of Mining Companies in the District of West Sumbawa (Case Study of Mining Company PT. Amman Mineral Nusa Tenggara, AMNT)

Mining ownership in West Sumbawa Regency shifted from PT. Newmont Nusa Tenggara (NNT) to become PT. Amman Mineral Nusa Tenggara (AMNT). PT. AMNT is committed to improving the welfare of the people in West Sumbawa Regency and especially Sekongkang District through CSR programs. This study aims to examine the effect of community satisfaction recipients of CSR assistance on company commitment and sustainability of CSR programs carried out by PT. AMNT. Based on the results of a study of 56 respondents, it was found that the level of satisfaction of the community receiving CSR assistance with the company’s commitment and sustainability of the CSR program carried out by PT. AMNT is quite low. However, there is an influence between the satisfaction of the community receiving CSR assistance and the company’s commitment to the sustainability of PT. AMNT and there is an influence between the company’s commitment to the sustainability of the CSR program on the compatibility of the CSR program with the needs of the community which has been carried out by PT. AMNT.

Penerapan Metode Certainty Factor dan Dempster Shafer dalam Sistem Pakar Penerima Bantuan Daerah pada Jorong Koto Tuo

The issue of poverty is a classic humanitarian problem and a solution needs to be found. In Indonesia, the causes of poverty itself are also diverse, including an inadequate minimum wage, a large number of family members and increased unemployment due to the difficulty in finding jobs. Not only in urban areas, the problem of poverty is even more so in regions or villages. Therefore, an integrated effort is needed to overcome this problem. As an effort to accelerate poverty reduction, since 2017 the government has implemented the Family Hope Program (PKH). In order to be right on target in distributing aid, an expert system was designed to determine the recipients of this regional assistance. With the existence of an expert system for determining regional aid recipients for poor families in the Family Hope Program (PKH), it will improve services for poor families to have access and make good use of social services such as health, education, food and nutrition, care, assistance, and various other social protection programs. This research was also conducted to minimize misunderstandings that occurred in the community in deciding the criteria for receiving regional assistance according to the conditions of the recipient. Then the results of the analysis are applied in an application design that is able to make decisions consistently, quickly, precisely and has the percentage needed in making the final decision using the Visual Basic programming language and the MySQL database