Receive COVID-19 Vaccine Research Articles

Intention to Receive COVID-19 Vaccine by U.S. Health Sciences University Employees.

Objectives:Understanding vaccine intentions and attitudes of health professionals is critical as the Pfizer-BioNTech and the Moderna COVID19 vaccines are being administered throughout the United States. This study estimates the level of vaccine hesitancy at a health sciences center in West Texas prior to the distribution of the vaccines.Methods:An analytical cross-sectional study was performed via anonymous Qualtrics survey administered to approximately 4500 faculty, staff, postdoctoral research associates/medical residents, and employees at a multi-campus health sciences university in the United States. Respondents were asked demographic questions and intention to receive the vaccine. Factors associated with the intention to receive a vaccine were determined using logistic regression analysis.Results:A total sample of 2258 subjects were evaluated (50.0% response rate). Among all respondents, 64.6% reported that they would probably or definitely receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Men had higher levels of intention to receive the vaccine (OR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.64-2.71); respondents who indicated yearly influenza vaccines are necessary were also more likely to receive the vaccine (OR = 6.04, 95% CI 4.70-7.75). Eighty-three percent of faculty and 56% of the staff reported intention to receive the vaccine. Respondents who had previously tested positive for COVID-19 reported more interest in receiving the vaccine (58.5% yes vs 41.5% no).Conclusion:In this study, the intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccination at a United States health sciences center falls below the necessary herd immunity estimates. Public health initiatives must be developed to decrease vaccine hesitancy, especially among health professionals.

Why Should Obese Youth Be Prioritized in COVID-19 Vaccination Programs?

Background: The dominant effect of age on COVID-19 mortality obscures the impact of other risk factors. As age is often a covariate to be adjusted in multivariate analyses, the risk of COVID-19 mortality has not been specifically estimated for obese young individuals. This risk estimate is especially critical for prioritizing groups to receive COVID-19 vaccination.Methods: Starting with 1,120,767 unvaccinated individuals registered in a Brazilian surveillance system, we selected 313,898 hospitalized COVID-19 patients aged 20 to 89 who had a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) or diabetes. We also selected individuals with no risk factors associated with severe COVID-19. We stratified the patients by age, obesity, BMI, and comorbidities. Subsequently, we applied crude and adjusted odds ratio, hazard ratio, and Kaplan–Meier curves using invasive and non-invasive ventilatory support, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and death as disease outcomes.Findings: Obesity alone is a risk factor for in-hospital mortality and is more significant than cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Furthermore, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes increase the risk of severity and death by COVID-19 more significantly in young adults than in the elderly. When categorizing patients by obesity classes, the severity of obesity was found to be associated with a higher risk of admission to the ICU and death from COVID-19 than the non-obese young adults or elderly population. Interpretation: Our findings highlight the importance of prioritizing obese young in vaccination campaigns against COVID-19.Fundings: This work was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (grant number 313662/2017-7 and 307356/2017-5; the São Paulo Research Foundation (grant numbers 2018/14933-2; 2020/04836-0); and CAPES.Declaration of Interest: None to declare.

Racial Differences in COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Health Care Workers in Two Large Academic Hospitals

Background: Significant racial differences in hesitancy to receive COVID-19 vaccination has been observed in several settings. This hesitancy among healthcare workers (HCWs), who face both occupational and community exposure to COVID-19, has not been well described across racial and ethnic groups.Methods: This cross-sectional survey of HCWs from two large academic hospitals, measured hesitancy to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, defined as not planning on, being unsure about, or planning to delay vaccination. A three-step hierarchical multivariable logistic regression evaluated associations between race and vaccine hesitancy controlling for demographic characteristics, employment characteristics and COVID-19 exposure risk, and being up-to-date with routine vaccines.Findings: Among 10,871 HCWs who completed the survey and reported race, 77.2% were White, 8.1% Black, 7.8% Asian, 4.1% other/mixed race and 2.8% Hispanic. Vaccine hesitancy was highest among Black (83.0%) and Hispanic HCWs (63.5%). Reasons for hesitancy included concerns about side effects, newness of the vaccine, and lack of vaccine knowledge. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for vaccine hesitancy was 4.98 (95% CI 4.11-6.03) for Blacks, 2.10 (95% CI 1.63-2.70) for Hispanics, 1.48 (95% CI 1.21-1.82) for other/mixed race respondants, and 1.47 (95% 1.26-1.71) for Asian compared to White HCWs. When adjusting for employment characteristics, COVID-19 exposure risk, and being up-to-date with prior vaccines, AORs were slightly diminished for Black HCWs, but remained stable for HCWs of other racial/ethnic groups.Interpretation: Hesitancy to receive the COVID-19 vaccine is high among HCWs, especially among Black and Hispanic HCWs. Interventions focused on addressing trust in COVID-19 vaccination among HCWs are needed.Funding Statement: The study was funded by the Vaccine Education Center of the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia.Declaration of Interests: Ms. Browne, Dr. Shen, Dr. Momplaisir, Dr. Green-McKenzie, Dr. Faig, Dr. Frank, and Dr. Offit have no conflicts of interest. Dr. Kuter is a consultant for Moderna. Dr. Feemster is an employee of Merck Research Laboratories.Ethics Approval Statement: The Institutional Review Board at each hospital reviewed the protocol and determined the study was exempt from human subjects’ review.

Readiness to Receive COVID-19 Vaccine of General Population, Healthcare Workers and Medical Students in Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the healthcare system, economy, and social life worldwide. Much effort has been made to develop a COVID-19 vaccine to control the pandemic. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the factors that cause uncertainty about vaccination against COVID-19. The study aims to assess readiness to receive COVID-19 vaccination among the general population, healthcare workers, and medical students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in King Abdulaziz Hospital, East Jeddah General Hospital, and King Fahad General Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia in June–August 2021. An online self-administered questionnaire in Google Form was distributed among healthcare workers and hospital visitors. Participants were selected via a convenient non-probability sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. Results: A total of 300 participants were included in this study. More than half of the respondents were aged 18 to 25 years. Although almost 14% of our participants were not vaccinated, 82.9% of them were willing to get vaccinated. Approximately half of the respondents thought that COVID-19 vaccine is protective, and 18.7% thought it is not protective; 39% of the respondents were afraid of the side effects of the vaccine. Medical professionals and social media were the primary sources of information. The Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine was found to be preferred by 81% of the respondents. A significant difference in readiness was observed between different nationalities (P=0.018): Saudi nationals (86.8%) showed a higher level of readiness to get vaccinated than non-Saudi nationals (33.3%). Conclusion: Overall, a multifaceted approach is needed to increase vaccine awareness. Therefore, further research is recommended to consider the scope of readiness for COVID19 vaccination to build confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine effort.

Attitude and Willingness of Chinese Adults with Rheumatic Diseases to Receive COVID-19 Vaccination

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has entered the stage of normal prevention and control.COVID-19 vaccination is the most effective method to control the epidemic.Methods: In this study, we designed a cross-sectional study and a self-administered questionnaire to investigate the vaccine attitude of adult rheumatic diseases (RD) patients in China by convenient sampling method. Chi-squared test and Binary Logistic Regression analysis were used to analyze the predicated factors associated with the willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination.Results: A total of 464 RD patients were recruited in the survey. 324 (69.83%) were not vaccinated. Chi-squared test showed that there were significant differences in general conditions such as gender, age, personal income, employment situation, whether there was systemic damage ( P Conclusion: The COVID-19 vaccination rate of adult RD patients in China was relatively low. It was necessary to improve the cognitive level of COVID-19 vaccination among RD patients in stable stage.Funding: This work was financially supported in part by research grants from the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(SZSM201602087),Shenzhen Science and Technology Project (JCYJ20180302145033769).Declaration of Interest: None to declare. Ethical Approval: This study was approved by Shenzhen Futian Hospital Ethics Committee Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases(No. FS202101001).

Side effects among healthcare workers from a large Milan university hospital after second dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.

Background:In Italy, healthcare workers (HCWs) were among the first to receive COVID-19 vaccination. Aim of the present study is to evaluate frequency and severity of adverse events (AEs) following the second dose of BNT162b2 vaccine among HCWs of a large university hospital in Milan, Italy.Methods:One month after having received the second dose of vaccine, HCWs filled-in a form about type, severity, and duration of post-vaccination local and systemic symptoms. We calculated the overall frequency of AEs and used multivariable Poisson regression models (adjusted for sex, age, BMI, smoking, allergy history, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, anti-hypertensive therapy, and occupation) to calculate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of AEs according to selected variables.Results:We included 3659 HCWs. Overall, 2801 (76.6%) experienced at least one local event, with pain at injection site being the most frequent (2788, 76.2%). Systemic events were reported by 2080 (56.8%) HCWs, with fatigue (52.3%), muscle pain (42.2%), headache (37.7%), joint pain (31.9%), and fever (26.2%) being the most frequent. Risks of systemic events were associated with female gender (RR=1.14, CI: 1.06-1.24), age (strong decrease with increasing age, p-trend<0.001), allergy history (RR=1.13, CI: 1.05-1.20), SARS-CoV-2 infection more than 180 days before second dose (RR=1.16, CI:1.01-1.32), and current smoking (RR=0.90, CI: 0.84-0.97).Conclusions:Both local and systemic acute effects after second dose of BNT162b2 vaccine were frequently reported. However, symptoms were mostly light/mild and of short duration. Thus, our findings support the safety of COVID-19 vaccination in adults in relatively good health.

WILLINGNESS TO RECEIVE COVID-19 VACCINATION IN COSTUMERS ACCESSING COMMUNITY PHARMACIES IN THE PROVINCE OF PALERMO, ITALY

In Italy, vaccination against COVID-19 began on December 27, 2020. To date, 13,713,224 people in Italy are fully vaccinated, which accounts for 25.3 % of the general population, and 44.8% received at least one vaccination dose. The present study aim to investigate willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination in costumers accessing a sample of community pharmacies in the Province of Palermo, Italy. A self-administered and anonymous questionnaire was carried out among costumers older than 18 years old between December 2020 and March 2021. Three hundred and sixty-three subjects were enrolled in the study, 259 (71.3%) expressed their willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination. The main determinants associated with vaccination acceptance resulted “trust in safety and effectiveness of vaccinations” and the absence of any previous negative vaccination experience. Unfavourable information on COVID-19 vaccination obtained through internet/media/social media and lack of confidence in COVID-19 vaccines and in the Italian national healthcare system are the main determinants associated with vaccine refusal. Male gender, younger age classes and influenza vaccination acceptance due to the impact of COVID pandemic were significantly associated with willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19. In order to promote COVID-19 vaccination campaign accurate, informative and communicative campaign dedicated to subjects that are more hesitant regarding COVID-19 vaccination (e.g. female sex, adults, people that usually do not adhere to influenza vaccination campaign) should be implemented. © EuroMediterranean Biomedical Journal 2021.

COVID-19 Vaccine: Promoting Vaccine Acceptance.

COVID-19 Vaccine: Promoting Vaccine Acceptance.

Global, regional, and national estimates of target population sizes for covid-19 vaccination: descriptive study

ObjectiveTo provide global, regional, and national estimates of target population sizes for coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) vaccination to inform country specific immunisation strategies on a global scale.DesignDescriptive study.Setting194 member states...

Influenza vaccine uptake, COVID-19 vaccination intention and vaccine hesitancy among nurses: A survey

BackgroundA healthy healthcare system requires healthy healthcare workers. Protecting healthcare workers including nurses against COVID-19 is crucial, and vaccination could be a viable future option. However, vaccine hesitancy remains a global challenge. Nurses, as a trustworthy and creditable source of vaccine-related information, may build public confidence in vaccination. Hence, research on vaccine hesitancy among nurses is warranted. ObjectivesThis study estimated nurses’ influenza vaccination behaviors and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine when available, and examined their corresponding 5C psychological antecedents (confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility). To investigate the impact of COVID-19-related work demands, the mediation effects of work stress on the association between work demands and COVID-19 vaccination intention were also examined. DesignCross-sectional online survey SettingsNurses were invited to participate via the promotion of a professional nursing organization and by personal referrals during the COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong between mid-March and late April 2020. Participants1,205 eligible nurses (mean age = 40.79, SD = 10.47; 90% being female) were included in the analyses. MethodsDemographics, influenza vaccination, intention to have COVID-19 vaccine, the 5C vaccine hesitancy components, work stress and COVID-19-related work demands (insufficient supply of personal protective equipment, involvement in isolation rooms, and unfavorable attitudes towards workplace infection control policies) were reported in the survey. ResultsThe influenza vaccine uptake rate and the proportion intending to take COVID-19 vaccine were 49% and 63%, respectively. Influenza vaccination was associated with working in public hospitals and all 5C constructs (more confidence, more collective responsibility and less complacency, constraints, and calculation), whereas stronger COVID-19 vaccination intention was associated with younger age, more confidence, less complacency and more collective responsibility. COVID-19-related demands were associated with greater work stress, and hence stronger COVID-19 vaccination intention. ConclusionThe potential uptake rate of COVID-19 vaccine among nurses was suboptimal to achieve herd immunity. The 5C constructs were useful in predicting influenza vaccination and, to a lesser extent, the intention to take COVID-19 vaccine. The uncertain attributes such as effectiveness, side effects, and effective duration of the COVID-19 vaccine may contribute to this discrepancy. With less work stress among nurses in the post-pandemic period, the intention to take COVID-19 vaccine will likely drop. The 5C constructs should be infused in vaccination campaigns. While a COVID-19 vaccine could be ready soon, the nursing profession may not be ready to accept it. More research work is needed to boost the uptake rate. Tweetable abstractLess than two-third of nurses intended to take COVID-19 vaccine when available. While a COVID-19 vaccine could be ready soon, nursing profession is not ready to accept it.

A Social and Behavioral Research Agenda to Facilitate COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in the United States.

Health SecurityVol. 18, No. 4 CommentaryA Social and Behavioral Research Agenda to Facilitate COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in the United StatesEmily K. Brunson, Monica Schoch-Spana, and on behalf of the Working Group on Readying Populations for COVID-19 VaccineEmily K. BrunsonAddress correspondence to: Emily K. Brunson, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, Texas State University, 601 University Dr, San Marcos, TX 78666 E-mail Address: ebrunson@txstate.eduSearch for more papers by this author, Monica Schoch-SpanaSearch for more papers by this author, and on behalf of the Working Group on Readying Populations for COVID-19 VaccinePublished Online:19 Aug 2020https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2020.0106AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail View articleFiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byIn‐home healthcare worker COVID ‐19 vaccination awareness, access, and acceptability—An online focus group study15 December 2022 | Journal of the American Geriatrics SocietyCOVID-19 vaccination acceptance among community members and health workers in Ebonyi state, Nigeria: study protocol for a concurrent-independent mixed method analyses of intention to receive, timeliness of the intention to receive, uptake and hesitancy to COVID-19 vaccination and the determinants15 December 2022 | BMJ Open, Vol. 12, No. 12Effect of knowledge, social and religious factors effecting the intention of Muslims in Pakistan to receive COVID-19 vaccination: mediating role of attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination2 June 2022 | Journal of Islamic Marketing, Vol. 16Psychosocial Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccination Intention Among White, Black, and Hispanic Adults in the US1 October 2021 | Annals of Behavioral Medicine, Vol. 56, No. 4“On the last day of the last month, I will go”: A qualitative exploration of COVID-19 vaccine confidence among Ivoirian adultsVaccine, Vol. 40, No. 13COVID-19 vaccine confidence projectJournal of the American Pharmacists Association, Vol. 62, No. 1The Early-Term Adverse Effects in Healthcare Personnel after CoronaVac Vaccination1 January 2022 | Journal of Contemporary Medicine, Vol. 12, No. 2Ending the Pandemic: How Behavioural Science Can Help Optimize Global COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake22 December 2021 | Vaccines, Vol. 10, No. 1Racial/ethnic disparities in intent to obtain a COVID-19 vaccine: A nationally representative United States surveyPreventive Medicine Reports, Vol. 24Hesitancy Prevalence and Sociocognitive Barriers to Coronavirus Vaccinations in Nigeria30 December 2021 | European Review Of Applied Sociology, Vol. 14, No. 23Agent Based Model of Anti-Vaccination Movements: Simulations and Comparison with Empirical Data21 July 2021 | Vaccines, Vol. 9, No. 8Acquiring favorable attitudes based on aversive affective cues: Examining the spontaneity and efficiency of propositional evaluative conditioningJournal of Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 95Communicating With Vaccine-Hesitant Parents: A Narrative ReviewAcademic Pediatrics, Vol. 21, No. 4Preparing for SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in US Immigrant Communities: Strategies for Allocation, Distribution, and CommunicationAmerican Journal of Public Health, Vol. 111, No. 4Evidence-Based Strategies for Clinical Organizations to Address COVID-19 Vaccine HesitancyMayo Clinic Proceedings, Vol. 96, No. 3Factors Influencing COVID-19 Vaccination Demand and Intent in Resource-Limited Settings: Based on Health Belief Model1 June 2021 | Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, Vol. Volume 14 Volume 18Issue 4Aug 2020 InformationCopyright 2020, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishersTo cite this article:Emily K. Brunson, Monica Schoch-Spana, and on behalf of the Working Group on Readying Populations for COVID-19 Vaccine.A Social and Behavioral Research Agenda to Facilitate COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in the United States.Health Security.Aug 2020.338-344.http://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2020.0106Published in Volume: 18 Issue 4: August 19, 2020Online Ahead of Print:July 24, 2020KeywordsCOVID-19Vaccine uptakeVaccine confidenceCommunity engagementEpidemic management/responsePDF download