Rebuilding Of Houses Research Articles

Study on Reconstruction of damaged Villages from viewpoint of rebuilding of houses and recovery of livelihood of each sufferer

新潟県中越地震では中山間地域において多くの地盤災害が発生し、現地再建が困難な世帯の多い集落が目立った。そのため、このような集落では防災集団移転促進事業によって、集落近傍、または集落から離れた市街地の、安全な場所への移転による住宅再建を行った。このような事例は集落の立地条件や社会的状況や移転形態によって分類できる。移転世帯への全数アンケート調査の結果、多くの世帯の移転後の生活への満足度は高いものの、特に山間地から市街地に移転した事例では、新しい環境への適応や、移転跡地での田畑の耕作や養鯉の継続といった課題が明らかになった。

Study on Reconstruction of damaged Villages from viewpoint of rebuilding of houses and recovery of livelihood of each sufferer

Study on Reconstruction of damaged Villages from viewpoint of rebuilding of houses and recovery of livelihood of each sufferer

梁通し型木造住宅における新築・解体・再築施工実験の結果と考察

Recently, our action against global environmental concerns including global warming is high priority issue. Then an energy saving, effective use of the resource, the reduction in the construction waste and the reuse of the material are important problems in the architectural production field. In a word, it is necessary to review the architectural production method. The authors are researching the timber house rebuilding system that uses the used structural members again. This rebuilding system dose not apply the steel joint to raise the reuse rate of wood members. To facilitate the construction work, the demolition work and rebuilding of the timber house, a built up system with continuous beam is adopted. The case study house was constructed to clarify the effectiveness of this system. In this paper, the outline of this rebuilding system, the results of construction, demolition experiments and re-construction are described.

Modeling households’ decisions on reconstruction of houses damaged by earthquakes––Japanese case study

In this study, households’ decisions on reconstruction of damaged houses were modeled, using questionnaire data in Japan. Characteristics of households’ decisions were investigated using parameter estimation results. The effects of subsidizing policy were evaluated as follows. First, subsidy for rebuilding may be effective for the households whose houses were heavily damaged. Second, there is a possibility that subsidy accelerated rebuilding of houses by the households having children. Third, subsidy for rebuilding may not be effective for elderly people’s households and households in depopulated areas.

建替団地における既存樹木利活用に対する居住者意識

Consciousness toward green which an advantage made use of the existent trees of the housing rebuilding for and a taste were investigated, and this research looked for a green qualitative point of view. A resident questionnaire was done targeting Musashino midori-cho Parktown which completed rebuilding. 90% and more of the residents knew a "It is liked." thing about green as that result. There were most "There is much green and rich which green was abundant in" in that reason. As for liked green, there were many things which formed the frame of the symbol, the streets in "the row of trees along the loop road" and so on. It found out that the landscape which matched a "It is in harmony with the building." "A balance with the big tree (exist tree) and planting tree is good." building at the same time, and the good point of a balance of the trees mutuality were evaluated, too. It became clear that green that green to see from the inside, and flowering tree, a flower, field grass along the path varied was evaluated in a part.

Die indirekten Kosten des idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms

The economic impact of parkinsonism has been getting more significant due to the increasing prevalence of Parkinson's disease and the modern therapies available nowadays. The present study is supposed to update the existing databases and to provide a sound foundation for rational decision-making in the health care sector. It does not only focus on the direct costs of this disease incurred by 75 patients over a longer period, but also and for the first time, takes a look on the indirect cost as well. The study shows that the expenses for PD-related house rebuilding and early retirement make up for a substantial share among the indirect costs. In the overall analysis, the ratio between both, direct and indirect costs appear to be relatively balanced with slight domination of the direct costs.

Ruins and Revival: Paris in the Aftermath of the Second World War

Although many devastated European cities have been studied, the bombing and reconstruction of key industrial sites and certain suburban residential zones in greater Paris have received little scholarly attention. Using archival sources, this article explores both destruction and reconstruction, and traces how homeless families shared apartments or endured years of ‘temporary’ accommodation in huts and other shelters. Post‐war economic planning in France privileged the restoration of industrial and commercial sites; rebuilding of housing by the state, by housing co‐operatives and by individual property owners received less support and progressed far more slowly. Today, the visual legacy of reconstruction is easily confused with that of completely new post‐war apartments; however its origin, if not its architecture, is distinctively different and merits recognition in its own right.

Modeling the production and uses of biological resources from the viewpoint of energy flow in a rural village in Sichuan, China.

This study aimed at clarifying the impact of deforestation and afforestation on the quality of life in a village in Sichuan Province, China. We devised a conceptual model of bioresource production and use based on quantified energy flow. The basic structure of the model has three sectors: production, use, and externals. We developed comprehensive methodology to quantify the model. Bioresource use per person in 1997 was 3.7 GJ for food, 10.2 GJ for fodder, 0.2-0.4 GJ for building material, 12.8 GJ for fuel, and 1.8 GJ for fertilizer, totaling 28.6-28.8 GJ. We used four environmental indicators to evaluate bioresource production and use: a biological productivity indicator, a use-efficiency indicator, a supply-demand balance indicator, and a self-sufficiency indicator. Use of these indicators showed that supply-demand balance of fuel was dramatically improved from 30% to 85% by afforestation, but 99% of bioresource use still depends on domestic products. Thus, it is necessary to improve biological productivity and promote the efficient use of bioresources to achieve sustainable living in the area. Massive deforestation in the 1950s caused a direct shortage of building material and fuel wood. The shortage of wood led to a stagnation in the rebuilding of houses, and fuel wood was substituted with crop residues. Because crop residues had been used for fertilizer and fodder, their use as fuel caused a shortage of fertilizer and fodder. This was an indirect impact of deforestation on people's quality of life.

コミュニティ・ランドスケープと住まいの緑 武蔵野緑町団地建替事業 団地の建替における緑とコミュニティの継承の試み

コミュニティ・ランドスケープと住まいの緑 武蔵野緑町団地建替事業 団地の建替における緑とコミュニティの継承の試み

Covenants in Conveyancing Instruments: A Note for the Vernacular Architectural Historian

AbstractThe author, an archivist, emphasises the importance for vernacular architecture studies of careful examination of covenants in conveyancing instruments (particularly those dealing with leasehold estates) as a source of evidence for building and rebuilding of houses. Examples are given from the sixteenth century onwards, and reference is made in particular to repairing covenants and inventories (of fixtures and fittings) as subjects of deed covenants.

The Growth of Population in Eighteenth-Century England: A Critical Reappraisal

Population growth in eighteenth-century England was due mainly to a fall in mortality, which was particularly marked during the first half of the century. The fall affected all socioeconomic groups and does not appear to have occurred for primarily economic reasons. In addition to an explanation involving the introduction of smallpox inoculation, the major hypothesis considered in this article is that the significant improvement in domestic hygiene associated with the rebuilding of housing in brick and tile brought about a major reduction in mortality.

狭小宅地住宅地区における住宅建て替えポテンシャルの低下傾向について

In this study, we resarched the changing situation of the housing and environment on the small-site houses areas. The small site houses area is defined that more than a half numbers of all houses in the range of there are small site houses, whose site area is less than 100 square meters per unit. These areas mostly have been developed during from 1920 to 1945, while heavy industrial factories have been located on Nagoya city. And many workers and their families have come to live in small site houses on these areas. But in this study, we found that in these areas, housing rebuilding potential of the living peoples have been declining since near upon 1980. We concluded that these affairs caused by following reasons, (1) The factories around there scattered and relocated to suburban areas, and workers who laboured in these factories moved out to suburban areas, too. (2) Many peoples living in small site areas have aged, and their sons and daughters have left their home, and will not come back to live there. (3) Aged families, the number of them are increasing day by day, have not so much income or saves that they cannot but giving up to improve their houses. (4) The each site areas are so small that any landlords and privite enterprises would not have intentions to implement redevelopment action on these areas. This study came to conclusion that they are useful for renewal of these areas, such planning methods as to repair old houses for aged families and to supply new houses for return of young families.

歴史的住居系市街地における共同建てかえの可能性について : 金沢市におけるケーススタディ

In many historical cities there are old residential districts mainly in the centre. Those residential districts are composed by housing lots having narrow frontage and long depth. I have proposed the co-operative house rebuilding (C.H.R.) as one of rehabilitation methods for revitalizing these historical residential districts. In this paper I study on possibility to use C.H.R. as one of rehabilitation methods for historical urban residential districts in Kanazawa City. Methodology of analysis are cross sectional tabulation, multivariate analysis and lot mapping data. Main findings of this study is as follows, 1. Joining attitude household is one for seven and is mainly influenced by factors indicating lower housing conditions, higer land use intensity, awareness of rebuilding necessity and others. 2. Reasons for joining are "land use effectiveness", "economy" and "contribution to improve district as a whole", on the other hand reasons for un-joining are "having no necessity of rebuilding" or "being not able to retain the maximum freedom". 3. Possibility of C.H.R. is from 7% to 17% of lots and the mean lot size of C.H.R. is from 2.0 to 3.0 lots at each district according lot mapping data using factors indicating old houses built 35 years ago and more and awareness of necessity of house rebuiling.