Rebellious Behavior Research Articles

Predicting Adolescents’ Intentions to Engage in Fire Risk Behaviors: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

The current study examined the utility of Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in explaining adolescents’ intentions to engage in fire-risk behaviors (e.g., using accelerants to start a fire), while controlling for relevant background variables. A total of 222 youth (M age=15.23years; 69% female) were recruited from public schools in rural and urban areas in the United States. Participants completed questionnaires that assessed fire and burn safety knowledge, TPB components, adolescent psychopathology, parental monitoring, and adolescent risk-taking. Using a multiple regression analysis, the TPB significantly predicted adolescents’ intentions to engage in fire-risk behaviors (F(3, 193)=40.44, p<.001, R2=.386). Specifically, adolescents’ attitudes toward engaging in fire-risk behaviors (β=.46, p<.001) and the social pressure they perceived from others (e.g., parents, friends; β=.19, p<.01) emerged as significant predictors of their intentions to engage in fire-risk behaviors. These results suggest that youth who had positive attitudes (e.g., engaging in fire-risk behaviors is fun) towards fire-risk behaviors and who believed significant others would approve of them engaging in fire-risk behaviors tended to have more intentions to engage in these behaviors. The TPB was able to account for the variance in adolescents’ intentions over and above several control/background variables (e.g., SES, gender), with the exception of rebellious behavior (β=.25, p<0.05). Results from this study can be used to inform the design of effective and targeted fire and burn prevention programs aimed specifically at adolescents.

The rebellious man: Next-of-kin accounts of the death of a male relative on antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa

ABSTRACTThe HIV response is hampered by many obstacles to progression along the HIV care cascade, with men, in particular, experiencing different forms of disruption. One group of men, whose stories remain untold, are those who have succumbed to HIV-related illness. In this paper, we explore how next-of-kin account for the death of a male relative. We conducted 26 qualitative after-death interviews with family members of male PLHIV who had recently died from HIV in health and demographic surveillance sites in Malawi, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Zimbabwe and South Africa. The next-of-kin expressed frustration about the defiance of their male relative to disclose his HIV status and ask for support, and attributed this to shame, fear and a lack of self-acceptance of HIV diagnosis. Next-of-kin painted a picture of their male relative as rebellious. Some claimed that their deceased relative deliberately ignored instructions received by the health worker. Others described their male relatives as unable to maintain caring relationships that would avail day-to-day treatment partners, and give purpose to their lives. Through these accounts, next-of-kin vocalised the perceived rebellious behaviour of these men, and in the process of doing so neutralised their responsibility for the premature death of their relative.

Being Ugly: Southern Women Writers and Social Rebellion by Monica Carol Miller

Reviewed by: Being Ugly: Southern Women Writers and Social Rebellion by Monica Carol Miller Christy Davis Being Ugly: Southern Women Writers and Social Rebellion. By Monica Carol Miller. Southern Literary Studies. ( Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2017. Pp. x, 174. $39.95, ISBN 978-0-8071-6560-7.) Being Ugly: Southern Women Writers and Social Rebellion by Monica Carol Miller argues that southern women writers use ugliness to reject normative roles of gender and marriage. Careful to distinguish ugly from grotesque and monstrous, Miller traces the use of casual ugliness in twentieth-century southern literature. Focusing on the common refrain of "'being ugly,'" Miller explains how ugly in the South is used to describe rude or unladylike behavior and appearance (p. 3). She identifies four foundational claims at the outset of her work: first, ugliness demands recognition; second, ugliness is a product of its context; third, ugliness often refers to rebellious behavior; and fourth, ugliness can result in "the ugly plot," which Miller defines as a potential life outside of marriage (p. 3). Since being ugly often requires action, Miller emphasizes the productive and generative nature of those characters who fall outside the realm of normative marriage and beauty standards. Beginning with Gone with the Wind (1936), she explains how Scarlett O'Hara's descriptors are often striking and "arresting" rather than beautiful (p. 48). Miller traces how beauty, specifically white southern beauty, is in direct opposition to having to work. Whiteness and beauty are both standards upheld by slavery, and O'Hara becomes shocking and ugly due to her callused and working hands. Much like the resourcefulness that Miller identifies in Scarlett O'Hara, she also explores the generative power of the ugly plot. Grounding her theoretical lens of queer negativity in Judith Halberstam's and Lee Edelman's works, Miller examines how often the ugly plot allows for possibilities outside of marriage. However, she is careful to point out that this plot is not a "feminist utopia" (p. 99). In chapters 2 and 4 Miller focuses on the power of being ugly. As opposed to the grotesque, ugly demands attention for being slightly striking and "by forcing an interaction" (p.24).In Flannery O'Connor's fiction, the ugly characters, like Joy who names herself Hulga, in the short story "Good Country People" (1955), actively choose their ugliness in order to reject the confining rules of white southern womanhood. However, Hulga is an interesting example for Miller to use since one of the complicated issues in this study is how ugliness differs from grotesqueness. Southern studies has long been obsessed with the grotesque and the abject as representations of the South's degeneration. However, Miller's focus on ugliness shifts the conversation toward how these authors reject a passive acceptance of female victimhood. For example, Miller explains how often the image of the white beauty queen as a victim is used to foster racial violence. While Miller's primary subjects are white authors and characters, throughout the study she depicts how race and class affect one's ability to choose to be ugly. The success of Miller's work liesin her ability to closely read the agency of a character's ugly choices, and it opens a promising route in southern studies to reimagine the possibilities of ugliness. [End Page 503] Christy Davis San Jacinto College Copyright © 2018 The Southern Historical Association

THE INFLUENCE OF MALE ADOLESCENT AGE ON PARENTAL DEMANDINGNESS, REBELLIOUS BEHAVIOUR, AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of male adolescent ageon PD, rebellious behavior, and academic performance in public secondary schools inKiambu district.Methodology: The study used ex-post facto research design. Stratified sampling was used toselect the participants in the study. Schools were stratified into single sex and co-educationschools. Systematic sampling using the class lists was used to identify the students whoconstituted the sample. The research instruments were the students’ questionnaire, the deputyprincipal’s and the teacher counsellor’s interview guide. The sample constituted 240 malestudents, six deputy principles and six teacher counselors. A pilot study was done to pre-testthe research instruments so as to estimate their reliability and validity. Data collected wasanalysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings were presentedusing descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics included, frequencydistribution, means, bar graphs, and tabulated according to the research objectives. Inferentialstatistics used included Chi Square and pearson correlation to test the hypotheses at 90% and95% level of confidence; correlation coefficient was used to measure the strength of linearrelationship between the variables of the study.Results: The results indicated that male adolescent age had no significant relationship withPD. However, age and AP were found to have a significant relationship.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study came up with a model that isrecommended to schools for adoption by guidance and counselling teachers to help createawareness and understanding to both the students and parents with the aim of improving orbettering their relationship, academic performance and prevent rebellion in public secondaryschools.

THE INFLUENCE OF CLASS LEVEL ON PARENTAL DEMANDINGNESS, MALE ADOLESCENT REBELLIOUS BEHAVIOUR AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of class level on PD, male adolescent rebellious behavior and academic performance in public secondary schools in Kiambu district. Methodology: The study used ex-post facto research design. Stratified sampling was used to select the participants in the study. Schools were stratified into single sex and co-education schools. Systematic sampling using the class lists was used to identify the students who constituted the sample. The research instruments were the students’ questionnaire, the deputy principal’s and the teacher counsellor’s interview guide. The sample constituted 240 male students, six deputy principles and six teacher counselors. A pilot study was done to pre-test the research instruments so as to estimate their reliability and validity. Data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings were presented using descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics included, frequency distribution, means, bar graphs, and tabulated according to the research objectives. Inferential statistics used included Chi Square and pearson correlation to test the hypotheses at 90% and 95% level of confidence; correlation coefficient was used to measure the strength of linear relationship between the variables of the study.Results: Class level was found to have no significant relationship with PD and rebellion but it had a significant relationship with academic performance.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study came up with a model that is recommended to schools for adoption by guidance and counselling teachers to help create awareness and understanding to both the students and parents with the aim of improving or bettering their relationship, academic performance and prevent rebellion in public secondary schools.

A Case Study on Child-Centered Play Therapy for a Child with ADHD and ODD: Focusing on the Change of Play Theme at Stage

Objective This study was aimed to enhance of the effects of child-centered play therapy and the process of therapeutic change in a child with ADHD and ODD by examining the process of play therapy and the change of play themes at stages. Methods The participant was a first-grade boy in primary school who was diagnosed with ADHD and ODD. The researcher directly conducted 62 sessions of child-centered play therapy once per week for 1 year and 5 months. Results First, the child’s aggressive and rebellious behavior decreased, and self-control and social situations adjusted accordingly through the child-centered play therapy. Second, looking at the changes of play theme at stage, the play themes of controlling and safety and exploration and mastery were mainly performed in the intimacy formation stage. The play theme of power and aggression increased significantly in the aggressive stage, and the play themes of family and nurturing and power and aggression increased in the degenerative stage. Finally, power and aggression decreased and family and nurturing and controlling and safety increased in the end stage Conclusion The effectiveness of child-centered play therapy was confirmed for a child with ADHD and ODD. By analyzing the play themes at stages of play therapy, certain patterns of change were identified. Keywords: ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder), child-centered play therapy, play theme

Patterns of health care for children with asthma: A qualitative study

Background: Many children across the world, struggle with asthma, especially when the condition worsens due to lack of adherence to treatment strategies, the reason for which however may not be completely understood. Hence the objective of the study is to explore the perceptions of caregivers and patients about pediatric asthma and its control to trace possible factors that lead to poor adherence to asthma control. Methods: A qualitative study using conversational style interview for a group of 8 children and their guardians was conducted .In the discussion pre set questions were put forward to explore the perceptions of care givers and patients regarding asthma control management. The discussion was recorded with consent and later transcribed, coded and analyzed. Results: The focus group discussion revealed that patient compliance is not perfectly maintained due to various factors. Patients have mixed responses to the restrictions ranging from co-operative to rebellious behavior. Large amount of anxiety exists among the parents with regards to the disease exacerbation and long course of treatment. Frequent hospital visits have been perceived to be cumbersome by them and they perceive a need for the use of such questionnaires as a home based asthma control monitoring system. Conclusion: The focus group discussion reveals that proper counseling system and home based asthma control monitoring system need to be put into place to offer all round asthma control. Also use of questionnaires at home on a regular basis will reduce the number of hospital visits saving time and cost.

At the Postnational Table: Food, Fantasy, and Fetishism inTastes Like Cubaby Eduardo Machado

This article explores the transition from nationalism to postnationalism through food inTastes Like Cuba: An Exile’s Hunger for Home(2007), by playwright Eduardo Machado. The framework used is Sigmund Freud’s narrative of the Oedipus complex. I suggest that the exilic condition of Oedipus and his rebellious behavior make the Oedipal narrative a useful tool for approaching the postnational rejection of the oppressive nature of the nation. I replace the phallus as the source of pleasure with food, and argue that the memories that ensure the continuity of the nation are largely alimentary. A study of what Eduardo Machado eats or refuses to eat to keep recognizing himself as Cuban leads me to explore ways in which the nation shapes subjectivity and the subject informs the postnation, adding to the scholarship on Cuban American literature.

“We that are young”: Youth and Age in King Lear

This essay argues that reading Lear's characters within the paradigm of youth and age reveals the shaping power that stages of life have on each character's response to tragic situations. In fact, age provides characters with a framework for rebellious behavior, a way to cope with suffering, and one path to self-knowledge, that vital but elusive quality throughout Lear. Throughout the play, the venerable age of Lear and Gloucester is constantly evoked to display their lack of wisdom or to create greater pathos as they suffer. The younger characters, particularly Edgar and Cordelia, often frame their behavior in response to the expectations, and sufferings, of their elders. Additionally, Lear's own self-knowledge is tied in important ways to his age – it is important for him to realize not just that he is an ordinary man, fallible like any human, but also that he is an old man. These three ways in which age illuminates character – responding to expected behaviors, to suffering, and to self-knowledge – allow for a reading of Lear framed by age. Throughout this reading, youth and age shape how Lear's characters understand others and themselves

THE INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL DEMANDINGNESS ON MALE ADOLESCENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of parental demandingness on male adolescent academic performance in public secondary schools in Kiambu district. Methodology: The study used ex-post facto research design. Stratified sampling was used to select the participants in the study. Schools were stratified into single sex and co-education schools. Systematic sampling using the class lists was used to identify the students who constituted the sample. The research instruments were the students’ questionnaire, the deputy principal’s and the teacher counsellor’s interview guide. The sample constituted 240 male students, six deputy principles and six teacher counselors. A pilot study was done to pre-test the research instruments so as to estimate their reliability and validity. Data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings were presented using descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics included, frequency distribution, means, bar graphs, and tabulated according to the research objectives. Inferential statistics used included Chi Square and pearson correlation to test the hypotheses at 90% and 95% level of confidence; correlation coefficient was used to measure the strength of linear relationship between the variables of the study.Results: The results indicated that rebellious behaviour was positively and significantly correlated to parental demandingness.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study came up with a model that is recommended to schools for adoption by guidance and counselling teachers to help create awareness and understanding to both the students and parents with the aim of improving or bettering their relationship, academic performance and prevent rebellion in public secondary schools.

THE INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL DEMANDINGNESS ON MALE ADOLESCENT REBELLIOUS BEHAVIOUR IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of parental demandingness on male adolescent rebellious behaviour in public secondary schools in Kiambu district. Methodology: The study used ex-post facto research design. Stratified sampling was used to select the participants in the study. Schools were stratified into single sex and co-education schools. Systematic sampling using the class lists was used to identify the students who constituted the sample. The research instruments were the students’ questionnaire, the deputy principal’s and the teacher counsellor’s interview guide. The sample constituted 240 male students, six deputy principles and six teacher counselors. A pilot study was done to pre-test the research instruments so as to estimate their reliability and validity. Data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings were presented using descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics included, frequency distribution, means, bar graphs, and tabulated according to the research objectives. Inferential statistics used included Chi Square and pearson correlation to test the hypotheses at 90% and 95% level of confidence; correlation coefficient was used to measure the strength of linear relationship between the variables of the study.Results: The results indicated that rebellious behaviour was positively and significantly correlated to parental demandingness.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study came up with a model that is recommended to schools for adoption by guidance and counselling teachers to help create awareness and understanding to both the students and parents with the aim of improving or bettering their relationship, academic performance and prevent rebellion in public secondary schools.

Counseling and Therapy of Patients with Behavioural Disorders Using the Cognitive-behavioural Approach

Problem statement: The diagnosis of behavioural disorders and their treatment's success needs to be analyzed. The factors of its success should be specified and the future of CBT hypothesized. Research questions: What are the factors that increase the risk of behavioural disorder? What are the models and approaches currently used in their treatment and what is the effectiveness of CBT? Purpose of study: In the paper author will attempt to find answers to the research questions in terms of capabilities and effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapy. Research methods: Literature review, including APA, models and theories, research analysis. Theoretical study findings: Current Research analysis shows high effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapeutic interventions. Described therapeutic interventions in mainstream cognitive-behavioural, and research on their effectiveness allowed the researcher to assume that CBT has a high efficiency in the treatment of destructive, aggressive and rebellious behaviour by using cognitive-behavioural techniques and strategies. Conclusions Future research on the treatment of patients with behavioural disorders should focus on important areas such as multi-component interventions, effective methods of individualization, identification and management of group processes. Considering CBT of patients with BD, as a successful one in a future, depends on whether the research results under controlled conditions will confirm it in a wide clinical practice.

Psychosocial Intervention with a Case of Conduct Disorder

In this particular case of conduct disorder, it has been evident that a persistent negative attitude and social elimination of mental illness has prevailed throughout history but general people still poorly understand it. Children’s conduct behaviors have been an extensive societal worry and reflected to be indications of juvenile delinquency and adult criminality. Children with conduct problems exhibit variety of troublesome and rule violating behaviors extending from annoying but relatively minor behaviors such as complaining, temper tantrums to more severe forms of rebellious behavior such as destruction, theft, and physical attack. Given this diversity, this is useful to make clinical concern to deal with behavioral divergences. In this present case, it has been inevitably shown that psychosocial management could be a good choice for a better outcome.

Jointed Journey of Knowing Thyself

Introduction Narcissistic pathology and its presentation has been a part of our cultural heritage since times immemorial. Aside from the myth of Narcissus, the narcissistic bipolar self and its constant pain which arises from disharmony of mental representations of actual and the ideal self can be found in folk tales, written literature, films and even definitions of the present society. Shiva, Dr. Jekyll &Mr. Hide, Kent Clark& Superman are just a few examples of the above mentioned dichotomy of impotence and power, of fragile and grandiose self. Sometimes the sense of entitlement and unrealistic goals results in failure and uncontrollable aggresion, which often includes rebellious and manipulative suicidal behaviour. Objectives Exploring the types of defence mechanisms used by therapists dealing with narcissistic patients and their agressive behaviour. Aims Presenting the diversity of possible clinicians' emotional responses and in parallel raising awareness of deficient literature and lack of quantitative studies on that matter Methods Case presentation of a 40-year-old narcissistic patient with manipulative behaviour and suicidal threats, including a range of personal responses of the involved members of our team in addition to integrative psychopharmacological and psychodynamic approach. Result Several clinician-focused researches and our own experience indicate the provocation of various emotions and defense mechanisms, which consequently may alter the treatment efficacy. Conclusion The awareness of one’s spontaneous emotional reactions to a patient may be useful in understanding the patient’s intrapsychic dynamics, thereby considered as an important factor in therapeutic alliance and treatment outcome.

Profile of Behavioural Problems Among Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

This study aimed at deriving a profile of behavioral problem on this given population. A total sample of 200 was collected from children diagnosed with ID and Autism and those referred for behaviour modification. Assessment was done by using Behavioural Assessment Scales for Indian Children with Mental Retardation (BASIC MR Part B). Result indicated hyperactivity as the most common problem regardless of differences in socio – demographic profile. Children from Joint family were found to have lower percentage of behavioral problem. The children with severe (Intellectual Disability) ID’s commonly reported problems in the domain of temper tantrum and Self Injurious Behaviour (SIB). Among moderate ID’s problem behavior was reported in eight domains except for antisocial behavior and fear. This group reported higher percentage of cases in five domains than children with mild ID’s i.e., violent and destructive behavior misbehaves with others, rebellious behavior, repetitive behavior and odd behavior. Least problem behavior was identified among low average intelligence group. Children with Autism predominantly shows problem in the domains of - hyperactivity, temper tantrum, repetitive behavior and fear, on the other hand children with ID’s reported higher percentage of cases in violent and destructive behavior and misbehave with others.

Orientations d’acculturation et adaptation psychosociale des adolescents issus de l’immigration

The aim of the study was to explore the typology of adolescents with immigrant background based on the orientations of acculturation and to estimate the psychosocial adaptation of the various subtypes. A sample of 228 French high school students with an immigrant background completed a questionnaire assessing acculturation orientations (Immigrant Acculturation Scale; Barrette et al., 2004), antisocial behaviors, depressive symptoms and self-esteem. Cluster analysis based on acculturation orientations was performed using the k-means method. Cluster analysis produced four distinct acculturation profiles: bicultural (31%), separated (28%), marginalized (21%), and assimilated-individualistic (20%). Adolescents in the separated and marginalized clusters, both characterized by rejection of the host culture, reported higher levels of antisocial behavior. Depressive symptoms and self-esteem did not differ between clusters. Several hypotheses may explain the association between separation and delinquency. First, separation and rejection of the host culture may lead to rebellious behavior such as delinquency. Conversely, delinquent behavior may provoke rejection or discrimination by peers or school, or legal sanctions that induce a reciprocal process of rejection of the host culture and separation. The relationship between separation and antisocial behavior may be bidirectional, each one reinforcing the other, resulting in a negative spiral. This study confirms the interest of the study of the orientations of acculturation in the understanding of the antisocial behavior of adolescents with immigrant background.

Psychosocial determinants of nutritional neglect in a developing country.

To determine the demographic features and psycho-social and economic determinants of nutritional neglect in order to suggest interventional strategies. Cross-sectional, observational study. Department of Paediatrics, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS) and Civil Hospital Karachi (CHK), from January 2009 to December 2010. All children suffering from nutritional neglect suggested by weight and height less than the third centile for age, and their mothers were recruited in the study through non-probability consecutive sampling. A team comprising of paediatrician, psychologist, medical social worker and social motivator interviewed the mothers and children suffering from nutritional neglect. Information about demographic, social, economic and psychological factors was obtained. The results were analyzed and described as frequency distribution and percentage. A total of 658 children suffering from nutritional neglect were inducted. Around 75% of children were below 5 years of age, 51% were females. Other determinants of nutritional neglect were, large family size (family of > 5 members (84%), young mother (60%), uneducated parents (67% father and 77% mothers being illiterate), low income (77% earning less than Rs. 7000/month), addiction (23%), tobacco smoking (50%) and non-nutritive substance use (51%). Psychological indicators identified in mothers were depression (70%), anxiety (73%), helplessness (70%), displaced aggression (50%) and insecurity (36%). Psychological factors identified in children as a secondary outcome were aggression (80%), rebellious behaviour (75%), lack of confidence (70%), lack of social interaction (70%) and paranoid tendencies (60%). Psycho-social and economic factors are important determinants of neglect. A holistic approach and intervention at multiple levels is required to address these issues.

Prekarijat kao nova društvena grupa u globalnom društvu

The instability of social and labor relations has attained enormous proportions in both modern developed countries and in developing societies. This phenomenon has led to the creation of a new social group in the structure of modern societies, which is called the precariat, and is characterized by the unstable situation in the labor market and by social insecurity. Instability in employment leads to emotional, psychological and social instability, which causes latent social conflict and rebellious behavior of individuals, and therefore this social group, in Western Europe, the U.S. and Japan, is considered to be a 'dangerous class'.

MINNESOTA MULTIPHASIC PERSONALITY INVENTORY-2 AS A DETECTOR OF EMOTIONAL RISK FACTORS FOR THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF NEWLY-ADMITTED UNDERGRADUATE PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS

Currently, many universities are demonstrating interest in identifying the factors that may place their students’ psychological well-being at risk. It is considered important to identify the personality traits that may endanger students’ university education and professional activities. The sample consisted of 324 students recently entering an undergraduate program in psychology. The Spanish-language version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) with standards for Mexican university students was used. Female students report feelings of sadness, depression and anxiety, as well as behaviors that are demanding, histrionic, persuasive and impulsive, and they indicate a desire that situations be adapted to them. Male participants report immature and rebellious behavior toward authority figures and tend to blame others for their problems. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for internal consistency of the instrument was calculated for the Validity, Basic, Supplementary and Content scales, yielding a total score of 0.824. These results indicate that the MMPI-2 version for Mexico is a reliable measure for the university students tested. Key words: academic risk, low school performance, MMPI-2, psychological profile, university students.

Behavioural Problems Compared to Female and Male Students in Tabriz

The purpose of this article is to compare violent behavior, rebellious behavior, antisocial, withdrawal, hyperactive tendencies and psychological disturbances in female and male students in five educational areas of Tabriz. The research method was descriptive and applied. And sampling method was a multiple-stage one. The statistical population was all of male and female students in first grade of elementary school in the academic year 2009-10. The question data completed by teachers were analyzed by ANOVA. The results showed that there is no significant difference between areas in problematic behavior of students but the effect of gender on behavior and rebellious behavior and withdrawal was significant and the interactive effect of gender and area for violent behavior and psycho local disturbances was also significant.