Realistic Performances Research Articles

On Order Performances of Sketch

Researching order performances of sketch refer to research sculpt rules and the rules of the style aesthetics. Different order performances reflect the different thinking methods of artists and aesthetic standards of different eras. The order performances can be divided into three kinds that are realistic performances of sketch, reconstructive performances of sketch and abstractive performances of sketch.

Cerebella: Automatic Generation of Nonverbal Behavior for Virtual Humans

Our method automatically generates realistic nonverbal performances for virtual characters to accompany spo- ken utterances. It analyses the acoustic, syntactic, se- mantic and rhetorical properties of the utterance text and audio signal to generate nonverbal behavior such as such as head movements, eye saccades, and novel gesture animations based on co-articulation.

Scheduling the EChO survey with known exoplanets

The Exoplanet Characterization Observatory (EChO) is a concept of a dedicated space telescope optimized for low-resolution transit and occultation spectroscopy to study the exoplanet diversity through the composition of their atmospheres. The scope of this paper is to answer the following question: Can we schedule a nominal EChO mission, with targets known today (in mid 2013), given the science requirements, realistic performances and operational constraints? We examine this issue from the point of view of duration of the mission and the scheduling restrictions with a sample of exoplanet systems known nowadays. We choose different scheduling algorithms taking into account the science and operational constraints and we verified that it is fairly straightforward to schedule a mission scenario over the lifetime of EChO compliant with the science requirements. We identified agility as a critical constraint that reduces significantly the efficiency of the survey. We conclude that even with known targets today the EChO science objectives can be reached in the 4.5 years duration of the mission. We also show that it is possible to use gaps between exoplanet observations, to fit the required calibration observations, data downlinks and station keeping operations or even to observe more exoplanet targets to be discovered in the coming years.

Analysis/synthesis of bowing control applied to violin sound rendering via physical models

A prominent challenge in instrumental sound synthesis is to reproduce the expressive nuances naturally conveyed by a musician when controlling a musical instrument. Despite the flexibility offered by physical modeling synthesis, appropriately mapping score annotations to sound synthesis controls still remains an interesting research problem, especially for the case of excitation-continuous instruments. Here we present our work on modeling bowing control in violin performance, and its application to sound synthesis via physical models. Minimally invasive sensing techniques allow for accurate acquisition of relevant timber-related bowing control parameter signals. The temporal contours of bowing control parameters (bow velocity, bow force, and bow–bridge distance) are represented as sequences of low-order polynomial curves. A database of parametric representations of real performance data is used to construct a generative model able to synthesize bowing controls from an annotated score. Synthetic bowing controls are then used to render realistic performances by driving a violin physical model.

Optically optimal wavelength-scale patterned ITO/ZnO composite coatings for thin film solar cells

A methodology is proposed for finding structures that are, optically speaking, locally optimal: a physical analysis of much simpler structures is used to constrain the optimization process. The obtained designs are based on a flat amorphous silicon layer (to minimize recombination) with a patterned anti-reflective coating made of ITO or ZnO, or a composite ITO/ZnO coating. These latter structures are realistic and present good performances despite very thin active layers.

Synthesis of bowing controls applied to violin sound generation

Within instrumental sound synthesis, one of the most challenging aspects of automatic performance resides on the ability to faithfully reproduce the expressive nuances naturally conveyed by a musician when controlling a musical instrument. To that regard, much research effort has been devoted in the seek for obtaining natural-sounding synthetic performances from an annotated input score. Despite continuous improvements on sound synthesis techniques, appropriately mapping score annotations to synthesize controls still remains an interesting research problem, especially for excitation-continuous musical instruments. Along these lines, it is presented here our recent work on modeling bowing control in violin performance and its application to sound synthesis. Nearly, non-intrusive sensing techniques allow for accurate acquisition of relevant timber-related bowing control parameter signals. The temporal contours of bow velocity, bow pressing force, and bow-bridge distance are modeled as sequences of short Bzier cubic curve segments. A database of parametric representations of real performance data is used to construct a generative model able to synthesize bowing controls from an annotated score. Synthetic bowing controls are used to generate realistic performances using a digital waveguide physical model, and a spectral-domain sample-based synthesizer. Obtained results demonstrate the potential of explicitly modeling instrumental control for expressive sound synthesis.

Larger than life: movie stars of the 1950s

The constellation of Hollywood stars burned brightly in 1950s, even as industry fell on hard economic times. Major artists of 1940s-James Stewart, Jerry Lewis, and Gregory Peck- continued to exert a magical appeal but younger generation of moviegoers was soon enthralled by an emerging cast, led by James Dean and Marlon Brando. They, among others, ushered in a provocative acting style, the Method, bringing hard-edged, realistic performances to screen. Adult-oriented small-budget dramas were ideal showcases for Method actors, startlingly realised when Brando seized screen in On Waterfront. But, with competition from television looming, Hollywood also featured film-making of epic proportion-Ben-Hur and other cinema wonders rode onto screen with amazing spectacle, making stars of physically impressive performers such as Charlton Heston.

Sounding of Titan’s atmosphere at submillimeter wavelengths from an orbiting spacecraft

An investigation of the capabilities and science goals of a submillimeter-wave heterodyne sounder onboard a Titan orbiter is presented. Based on a model of Titan’s submillimeter spectrum, and including realistic instrumental performances, we show that passive limb observations of Titan’s submillimeter radiation would bring novel and unique information on the dynamical and chemical state of Titan’s atmosphere, particularly in the so far poorly probed 500–900 km region. The 300–360, 540–660 and 1080–1280 GHz spectral ranges appear especially promising, and could be explored with an instrument equipped with a tunable local oscillator system. Vertical temperature profiles can be determined up to ∼1200 km using rotational lines of CH 4, CO, and HCN. Winds can be measured over the 200–1200 km altitude range with an accuracy of 3–5 m/s from Doppler shift measurements of any strong optically thin line. Numerous molecular species are accessible, including H 2O, NH 3, CH 3C 2H, CH 2NH, and several nitriles (HC 3N, HC 5N, CH 3CN, and C 2H 3CN). Many of them are expected to be detectable in a large fraction of the atmosphere and in some cases at all levels, providing an observational link between stratospheric and thermospheric chemistry. Isotopic variants of some of these species can also be measured, providing new measurements of H, C, N, and O isotopic ratios. Mapping of the thermal, wind, and composition fields, best achieved from a polar orbit and with an articulated antenna, would provide a new view of the couplings between chemistry and dynamics over an extended altitude range of Titan’s atmosphere. Additional science goals at Saturn and Enceladus are briefly discussed.

The influences of thickness of spacing layer and the elastic anisotropy on the strain fields and band edges of InAs/GaAs conical shaped quantum dots

Based on the continuum elastic theory, this paper presents a finite element analysis to investigate the influences of elastic anisotropy and thickness of spacing layer on the strain field distribution and band edges (both conduction band and valence band) of the InAs/GaAs conical shaped quantum dots. To illustrate these effects, we give detailed comparisons with the circumstances of isolated and stacking quantum dot for both anisotropic and isotropic elastic characteristics. The results show that, in realistic materials design and theoretical predication performances of the optoelectronic devices, both the elastic anisotropy and thickness of the spacing layer of stacked quantum dot should be taken into consideration.

Asteroid occultations today and tomorrow: toward the GAIA era

Context. Observation of star occultations is a powerful tool to determine shapes and sizes of asteroids. This is key information necessary for studying the evolution of the asteroid belt and to calibrate indirect methods of size determination, such as the models used to analyze thermal infrared observations. Up to now, the observation of asteroid occultations is an activity essentially secured by amateur astronomers equipped with small, portable equipments. However, the accuracy of the available ephemeris prevents accurate predictions of the occultation events for objects smaller than ∼100 km. Aims. We investigate current limits in predictability and observability of asteroid occultations, and we study their possible evolution in the future, when high accuracy asteroid orbits and star positions (such as those expected from the mission Gaia of the European Space Agency) will be available. Methods. We use a simple model for asteroid ephemeris uncertainties and numerical algorithms for estimating the limits imposed by the instruments, assuming realistic CCD performances and asteroid size distribution, to estimate the expected occultation rate under different conditions. Results. We show that high accuracy ephemerides which will be available in the future will extend toward much smaller asteroids the possibility of observing asteroid occultations, greatly increasing the number of events and objects involved. A complete set of size measurements down to ∼10 km main belt asteroids could be obtained in a few years, provided that a small network of ground-based 1m telescopes are devoted to occultation studies.

Transport in tunneling recombination junctions: A combined computer simulation study

The implementation of trap-assisted tunneling of charge carriers into numerical simulators ASPIN and D-AMPS is briefly described. Important modeling details are highlighted and compared. In spite of the considerable differences in both approaches, the problems encountered and their solutions are surprisingly similar. Simulation results obtained for several tunneling recombination junctions made of amorphous silicon (a-Si), amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC), or microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si) are analyzed. Identical conclusions can be drawn using either of the simulators. Realistic performances of a-Si∕a-Si tandem solar cells can be reproduced with simulation programs by assuming that extended-state mobility increases exponentially with the electric field. The same field-enhanced mobilities are needed in single tunneling recombination junctions in order to achieve measured current levels. Temperature dependence of the current-voltage characteristics indicates that the activation energy of enhanced mobilities should be determined. Apparent discrepancies between simulation results and measurements are explained and eliminated making use of Gill’s law. For application in tandem and triple solar cell structures, tunneling recombination junctions made of (μc-Si) are the most promising of all examined structures.

Evaluating the performance of detection algorithms in digital mammography.

The initial and relative evaluation of computer methodologies developed for assisting diagnosis in mammography is usually done by comparing the computer output to ground truth data provided by experts and/or biopsy. Reported studies, however, give little information on how the performance indices of computer assisted diagnosis (CAD) algorithms are determined in this initial stage of evaluation. Several strategies exist in the estimation of the true positive (TP) and false positive (FP) rates with respect to ground truth. Adopting one strategy over another yields different performance rates that can be over- or underestimates of the true performance. Furthermore, the estimation of pairs of TP and FP rates gives a partial picture of the performance of an algorithm. It is shown in this work that new performance indices are needed to fully describe the degree of detection (part or whole) and the type of detection (single calcification, cluster of calcifications, mass, or artifact). Several evaluation strategies were tested. The one that yielded the most realistic performances included the following criteria: The detected area should be at least 50% of the true area and no more than four times the true area in order to be considered TP. At least three true calcifications should be detected to within 1 cm2 with nearest neighbor distances of less than square root(2) cm for a cluster to be considered TP. Separate detection measures should be established and used for artifacts and naturally occurring structures to maximize the benefits of the evaluation. Finally, it is critical that CAD investigators provide information on the tested image set as well as the criteria used for the evaluation of the algorithms to allow comparisons and better understanding of their methodologies.

BEMS control strategies: Evaluation of realistic performance by computer simulation

The numerical simulation method is implemented to test and evaluate the realistic performances (e.g. energy, control and indoor environment) of building HVAC systems controlled by bems. The paper presents the simulation method, modelling, test results and validation.